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TVTranscript
00:00President Prabowo Subianto has prepared four presidential regulations to chase the target of the food war.
00:13Meanwhile, Minister of Agriculture Andi Amran Sulaiman emphasized the importance of national food security
00:18in the face of global challenges such as climate change and geopolitical crises.
00:22President Prabowo Subianto has officially prepared four presidential regulations to chase the target of the food war.
00:34The target of the food war is related to the development of irrigation,
00:37the distribution of subsidy fertilizer, and the expansion of agricultural land or PPL.
00:43An important point in the presidential regulations related to irrigation,
00:46the government will maximize irrigation development for agriculture in all regions.
00:51In the presidential regulations, the government will optimize the distribution of subsidy fertilizer to farmers
00:55and will revoke various regulations on the distribution of subsidized fertilizer.
00:59Then the government will increase and expand the role of land farmers in the agricultural area.
01:05These points, according to the minister, must be implemented immediately in order to chase the target of the food war.
01:11We are committed to achieve the speedy and short-term implementation of the presidential regulations of the Republic of Indonesia.
01:25Hopefully, starting from January 1, everything will be ready.
01:37We have checked the ground.
01:39Everything from Marokeh to Aceh is ready on the ground.
01:43Then the agricultural equipment and equipment will be sent in January.
01:49We send it to the field.
01:51Then the BWS has started working from now on.
01:55Even the Minister of Agriculture, Andi Amran Sulaiman, also emphasized the importance of national food sustainability
02:00in facing global challenges such as climate change and the geopolitical crisis.
02:04This is done to ensure the continuation of national food in the future.
02:09Mentan explained that the Ministry of Agriculture is collaborating with TNI for paddy,
02:13while for corn cooperating with Polri.
02:17To support the program, the Ministry of Agriculture has prepared various production methods
02:22such as seeds, fertilizer and agricultural machinery.
02:25Mentan mentioned that he will immediately distribute agricultural equipment such as hand tractors to farmers
02:31as well as corn seeds for 1 million hectares throughout Indonesia.
02:35For more information, please visit various sources on IDX channel.
02:43Welcome to discuss the interesting topic about the atmosphere of food supply in the midst of global geopolitics.
02:49We are joined by Prof. Dwi Andreas Santosa, a senior professor at IPB
02:53and the Chairperson of the Bankpedi Association and TNI Indonesia or AB2TI.
02:57Hello, Prof. Dwi, how are you? Thank you for joining us.
03:01How are you, Prof. Dwi?
03:03I'm fine, Ma'am. How are you, Mas Wajar? Good evening.
03:07I hope you are doing well. It's been a year, Prof. Dwi.
03:10How do you see the achievement of the atmosphere of food supply in Indonesia at the moment?
03:14How do you see or review the future in 2025,
03:18what global geopolitical challenges need to be anticipated by the government, Prof?
03:23First, let's flashback.
03:25Actually, the atmosphere of food supply program has been around for a long time,
03:29since the era of Mr. Arto.
03:31So, in 1984, we managed to achieve the atmosphere of rice,
03:36even though it didn't continue.
03:38Because a few years later, we had to import rice again,
03:43between one and two million tons.
03:45Then, in the previous two governments, we also had the same program, right?
03:51The first one was SBY.
03:53SBY, from 2005 to 2014,
03:58also promoted the atmosphere of food supply
04:03in what framework?
04:05In the title of agricultural revitalization.
04:07That was during the SBY era.
04:09But, unfortunately, it didn't reach.
04:14Even our food imports skyrocketed.
04:18So, if there are eight main food commodities,
04:21which are wheat, wheat, sugar, rice, corn, garlic,
04:25tree nuts, and peanuts,
04:28their imports skyrocketed.
04:30In 2015, it was 8.4 million tons.
04:33In 2014, it was 22 million tons.
04:36It skyrocketed to 14 million tons.
04:39So, the atmosphere of food supply that was envisioned by the SBY government
04:44didn't reach.
04:46Then, how was it in Mr. Jokowi's government,
04:49from 2014 to 2024?
04:52Or, if we count from 2015 to 2024?
04:55Well, there are some interesting data
04:59related to agricultural development over the past 10 years.
05:03It's the same.
05:04At the beginning of the government,
05:05and coincidentally, the minister is also the same, right?
05:07At the beginning of Mr. Jokowi's government,
05:10there was also something called Upsus Pajale.
05:13Padi Jagung Gedele.
05:15They targeted to complete it in two years.
05:19From 2015 to 2017, it was completed.
05:22We have three food commodities.
05:24Padi Jagung Gedele.
05:26Then, in 2017,
05:28the atmosphere of garlic was launched.
05:31In two years, it will also be completed.
05:34In 2019.
05:36Then, there is the atmosphere of sugar
05:38and the atmosphere of beef.
05:40From 2015 to 2019.
05:42Then, there are various programs.
05:44For example, there is a food estate in the era of Mr. Jokowi.
05:48In 2015, Merauke 1.2 million hectares.
05:52And we know about our infrastructure development.
05:56The agricultural infrastructure development
05:58in the era of Mr. Jokowi was very massive.
06:01Dozens of dams were built,
06:04irrigation improvements, and so on.
06:06But the result is this, right?
06:09The result is that our padi production
06:11which was the main government program
06:13during the era of Mr. Jokowi,
06:16its production dropped.
06:18How much did it drop? 0.63% per year.
06:21Not in 10 years.
06:230.63% per year.
06:25That's the average.
06:26Some went up, some went down.
06:27The average dropped.
06:29Then, our food imports skyrocketed.
06:34For the last 10 years.
06:36For the last 10 years, I took the numbers from 2013 to 2023.
06:41From USD 10.1 billion to USD 18.8 billion.
06:47Can you imagine?
06:48Almost twice as much, right?
06:50Our food imports.
06:51Even though the program I mentioned earlier.
06:53Then, if it's volumetric,
06:55it jumped from around 20 million tons
06:57for 8 main food communities.
06:59At the moment, the data is already there, right?
07:022023, 2024 hasn't appeared yet.
07:04That's 29 million tons.
07:07Almost 9 million tons.
07:09So, that's a fact.
07:11So, that's a fact.
07:12Of course, I really appreciate
07:14President Prabowo
07:16for really promoting the food supply.
07:19And our hope together will be achieved.
07:22Not repeating the same mistakes
07:25through what happened.
07:26The food imports skyrocketed.
07:28Okay, so what do we have to do
07:30especially not to repeat
07:32the same mistakes from the previous periods?
07:35Prof. Dwi.
07:36Well, there are a few repeated mistakes.
07:39For example, related to food estate.
07:42Food estate has failed for 26 years.
07:44The last 10 years,
07:46through Merauke 1.2 million hectares rice estate,
07:50then the 2020-2023 food estate program.
07:53All of those failed.
07:56And it was shown,
07:58I already mentioned the data, right?
08:00It was shown from the data.
08:02So, that's it.
08:03Then, other programs are good.
08:06What does it mean?
08:07Irrigation, indeed.
08:08My estimate is around 50%
08:11of our irrigation network
08:13up to the agricultural level is damaged.
08:15So, it really needs to be fixed.
08:17The Jokowi government has prepared
08:19the dam, well, and so on.
08:21But we can't make the most of it.
08:24Because of irrigation issues
08:26in tertiary irrigation and worm irrigation.
08:29So, those steps are already right, right?
08:32Well, even though,
08:34for that, I appreciate the spirit.
08:37I appreciate the spirit.
08:38But what about that spirit,
08:40when we talk about reality,
08:44it's the opposite of the reality.
08:47So, that's it.
08:50For some communities,
08:52I'm sure it will get better.
08:54But for other communities,
08:56it will be a bit difficult to achieve.
08:58That's a note, Prof.
08:59Yes.
09:00Alright.
09:01Prof. Dwi, there are still many questions
09:03that we want to ask.
09:04Especially, how far the government
09:06has taken significant steps
09:08towards food sovereignty.
09:10But we will ask or discuss
09:12more after this next segment.
09:14Stay with us.
09:16Alright, Prof. Birsa.
09:17Thank you for being with us
09:18at Prime Market Highlights.
09:19And we are still talking with Prof. Dwi.
09:21Just now, Prof. Dwi said
09:23the evaluation of food estate energy
09:25from the previous government.
09:27So, Prof. Dwi, do you think
09:29with the new government's steps,
09:31food estate can still be called
09:33a solution to food security
09:35or is it just left as it is, Prof?
09:38My answer is no.
09:40Why?
09:41We haven't learned anything
09:43in the last 26 years.
09:45The food estate that was implemented
09:4726 years ago,
09:49it broke four pillars,
09:51it broke the epidemic rules.
09:54For that, it always failed.
09:56The first pillar is
09:58land and agroclimate.
10:00The second pillar is
10:02infrastructure,
10:03both agricultural and irrigation.
10:06Then the third pillar is
10:07culture and technology.
10:09The fourth pillar is
10:10social and economic.
10:12If one of the pillars is not fulfilled,
10:14then it is guaranteed to fail.
10:16For that, on various occasions,
10:18my advice is to switch
10:20the program that eats
10:22tens of trillions
10:24to the Ministry of Transmigration.
10:28And for the land selection,
10:30it must be in line with
10:32the four pillars that I mentioned earlier.
10:34All four pillars must be fulfilled.
10:36Not one must not be fulfilled.
10:38So that's it.
10:39And how many hectares of transmigration?
10:41In the past, it was two hectares.
10:42Now, it's not.
10:43Five hectares, for example.
10:45Five hectares, two hectares
10:46for plantation planting,
10:47two hectares for food planting,
10:49one hectare for farmland and houses,
10:51and also vegetables.
10:53That's it, actually.
10:54And it's not as a choice,
10:56but rather as a business.
10:58And later, if it succeeds,
11:00of course, farmers will develop around it.
11:02It's related to food estate.
11:03So forget about food estate.
11:05Because it will cost
11:07a huge amount of money.
11:08And the social issue is extraordinary.
11:10We'll see for ourselves.
11:11The social issue is related to food estate.
11:13So that's it.
11:14And we still see
11:16what the government will do.
11:18Earlier, we can see that food estate
11:20is excluded from the list.
11:21But if we talk about
11:22technology and innovation,
11:24other countries,
11:25especially food exporters,
11:27it seems that they have left Indonesia
11:29a long time ago
11:30in terms of technology and innovation.
11:31But Indonesia itself,
11:32what is the status quo or position
11:34right now,
11:35especially to pursue food estates?
11:38Regarding technology and innovation,
11:40farmers are very adoptive.
11:42We have to remember.
11:43It's not that farmers
11:44just use traditional technology.
11:47No.
11:49We, at AB2TI,
11:51we are in charge
11:53in 125 regencies
11:55and 25 provinces.
11:57There, our farmers
11:59have been using technology
12:00for a long time.
12:02Whether it's land management,
12:04of course tractors
12:05have been used for a long time.
12:06Then agriculture
12:07using combine harvester.
12:10Then also,
12:11some of our farmers
12:13use drones
12:14to spray the plants
12:16or to fertilize.
12:17So technology
12:19is one thing
12:20that has been applied.
12:22And are we left behind?
12:23Not really.
12:24In ASEAN alone,
12:26our paddy productivity
12:27is the second highest.
12:29Before 2000,
12:30we were the first to rise.
12:32Before 2000.
12:33Then we were
12:34selected by Vietnam, right?
12:36So we are number two
12:38after Vietnam right now.
12:39Vietnam's paddy productivity
12:41is around 6.0 to 6.1 tons
12:45per hectare.
12:48Our paddy productivity
12:50is around 5.2,
12:525.3,
12:535.1 tons per hectare.
12:54And it has lasted
12:55for more than 10 years.
12:56So be careful.
12:57So we don't experience
12:59a significant increase
13:00in production.
13:02Even in the last 10 years,
13:04our paddy productivity
13:05has actually decreased.
13:07This is a big natural
13:09for us.
13:10But for innovation technology,
13:11there is no problem, I think.
13:12Okay.
13:13According to Prof. Dwi,
13:15in terms of technology,
13:16we are quite good at it.
13:17But earlier,
13:18when we talked about
13:19food sufficiency,
13:20Prof. Dwi,
13:21in terms of food sufficiency,
13:22what should be
13:23the proportion?
13:24Because,
13:25in recent years,
13:27we have imported a lot of paddy,
13:29rice,
13:30sugar,
13:31because food
13:32is not just
13:33one or two commodities.
13:34Right.
13:35Two at a time.
13:36What is your answer, Optim?
13:37Well,
13:38we have to forget
13:40the term food self-sufficiency
13:42or food sufficiency.
13:44Because the answer
13:45is impossible.
13:47Why is the answer impossible?
13:49Earlier,
13:50I have shown you the data.
13:51In 2015,
13:53our total import
13:55was 8.4 million tons
13:57for 8 main food communities.
13:59Now,
14:00it's 29 million tons.
14:02How about
14:03paddy sufficiency?
14:04We use,
14:05there are some opinions
14:06that paddy sufficiency
14:07according to the FAO,
14:0990% of our food needs
14:11are filled from within the country.
14:12That's not true, actually.
14:14The truth is,
14:16when we talk about paddy sufficiency,
14:18there is something called
14:20self-sufficiency ratio.
14:22Food self-sufficiency ratio.
14:24What does food self-sufficiency ratio mean?
14:27It means
14:28whether our food production
14:30is the same or bigger
14:32than what we consume.
14:33Or food self-sufficiency ratio
14:35is the same or bigger than one.
14:37That's paddy sufficiency.
14:39How can paddy sufficiency be?
14:41The big question is,
14:42if today,
14:4328%
14:45of Indonesian people's food
14:48is made from wheat,
14:51whereas we have to
14:53import 100% of wheat.
14:55Not only wheat,
14:56even food that we can
14:58produce ourselves,
14:59we import.
15:00For example,
15:01kedele.
15:02Kedele is 97%,
15:03100% garlic,
15:0470% sugar,
15:0550% beef,
15:0710% corn,
15:09and about 15% rice.
15:12How can we talk about
15:14food self-sufficiency ratio?
15:16So it's impossible
15:18if it's food self-sufficiency ratio.
15:19But if it's a certain community,
15:21maybe.
15:22Okay, that's our note.
15:24For later,
15:25we'll link it to the vision
15:27of the food self-sufficiency ratio government.
15:28But it seems
15:29we can specify
15:30to a certain community
15:31because we do measure
15:33Indonesia's ability
15:34in that sector.
15:35Prof. Dwi,
15:36we can dig deeper,
15:37but unfortunately,
15:38our time is limited today.
15:39Thank you very much, Prof. Dwi.
15:40Thank you very much, Prof. Dwi,
15:41for joining us
15:42in Market Highlights.
15:43We wish you
15:44all the best.
15:45Happy New Year, Prof. Dwi.
15:46Happy New Year, Prof. Dwi.
15:47Stay healthy.
15:48Stay healthy.
15:49For other information,
15:50we present you
15:51Usai Jedah.
15:52Stay with us.