Mga diagnosis at treatment sa breast cancer

PTVPhilippines

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Transcript

00:00In the creation of Breast Cancer Awareness Month this month of October,

00:05it is important to expand awareness and to give support to those affected by this disease.

00:11And to make it more effective to understand what they are going through and what they need attention and support.

00:17We will talk about the details about breast cancer with Dr. Ferdis Gabo,

00:22the Regional Director of the Society of Gynecologists of the Philippines.

00:28Good morning and welcome to Rise and Shine Philippines.

00:30This is Prof. Fee together with Dayan.

00:36Okay, Doc. I think you're on mute. Please unmute yourself.

00:40Okay.

00:41There.

00:42Good morning.

00:43Good morning.

00:44Good morning.

00:45Hi, Doc.

00:46Alright.

00:47Good morning to all the viewers.

00:48Thank you for joining me here, Prof. Fee, Ms. Dayan.

00:51And this is what we call Pink Octobers that we have to discuss.

00:56Thank you for joining us today, Doc.

00:58Alright, Doc.

00:59How alarming or serious is this breast cancer?

01:05And how can this affect a person, Doc?

01:10Yes.

01:11What we're talking about is serious.

01:14But we have a chance to get better.

01:16We just need awareness and early detection to improve the survival of patients.

01:23They say that initially, you'll die once you're diagnosed with breast cancer.

01:29That's not true.

01:30We have new medicines and new approaches.

01:34The survival of the patient is very high.

01:37It's good as okay.

01:39I hope so.

01:41But I don't want this to disappear from them quickly.

01:46But, Doc, how does a person get breast cancer?

01:50Does this have anything to do with genetics?

01:53And also, we want to know, who are the risks or the possibilities of this?

02:00Yes.

02:01This is related to the genetics of the patient.

02:05So, we have what we call modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.

02:10Like the non-modifiable, the genes have 5-10% of the family history.

02:16So, whoever has a mother, sister, 1st or 2nd degree with breast cancer or ovarian cancer,

02:25you should consider it because your risk is increased compared to the general population.

02:30Another non-modifiable risk is gender.

02:33We don't have a choice.

02:34Women have a higher chance of getting breast cancer due to breast engorgement.

02:40And also, the age.

02:41We see an increase in the age of 40, 50, 60.

02:44Those are the high-risk incidents of breast cancer.

02:47But, mind you, not all children have breast cancer.

02:52So, we need to be aware of the risk of all ages, starting at 20 years old to 70 years old.

02:59The modifiable risk factors we are talking about is diet.

03:04Definitely, the high-fat diet and high-cholesterol diet is related to the increased incidence of breast cancer.

03:11So, obesity.

03:13We need to be aware that it can be very high.

03:16Our BMI is more than 30.

03:18So, it is related to what we call sedentary lifestyle.

03:22So, we need to advise everyone on what we call a holistic approach to lifestyle change.

03:29We need to exercise.

03:30We can't just sit on our couch and watch Netflix for a long time.

03:35We need to exercise.

03:38At least 150 minutes per week of moderate exercise so that your body will not become obese.

03:45Another is what we call alcohol consumption.

03:49They see a connection when you drink alcoholic drinks.

03:55The history of radiation.

03:56Sometimes, children have a history of lymphoma or other diseases that require radiation.

04:03That is a risk.

04:04But, we don't have a choice.

04:05If it is really necessary.

04:06And, excess estrogen.

04:08Drinking old hormone replacement therapies.

04:12Pure estrogen.

04:13We remove it.

04:14There are new drugs.

04:16And, pills.

04:17But, not directly related.

04:19Overall, it's more of the other risk factors or lifestyle changes.

04:23Then, we need to downgrade the risk factors.

04:27So, many factors can play a role in breast cancer.

04:35Lifestyle, diet, genetics can also play a role.

04:40And, many other factors in gender.

04:42Speaking of gender, you mentioned that most women have breast cancer.

04:46Is it possible for a man to have breast cancer?

04:51Yes.

04:52It's possible.

04:53But, the incidence is higher for both men and women.

04:56So, we are not just talking about women.

05:00Once in a while, you should check your breasts.

05:04Just to make sure.

05:05If you have bumps or other symptoms.

05:08You should be checked immediately.

05:11It's not just for women.

05:13It's also possible.

05:14But, it's only a lesser degree for men.

05:16Alright, Doc.

05:17What are the common symptoms of breast cancer that we can easily observe?

05:26Okay.

05:27Usually, in clinical terms, we differentiate between benign and malignant.

05:33More likely cancerous.

05:34Usually, if you have a bump, it's smooth, rubbery, like gum.

05:39Sometimes, more likely benign.

05:40But, not 100%.

05:41But, if you have a hard bump, it's more likely malignant.

05:47Often, painful.

05:49Usually, it's benign.

05:51But, painless.

05:53Especially, if you have a hard bump and you don't notice it.

05:57It's more likely malignant.

05:59But, it's not 100%.

06:00Because, if it's obvious, it causes pain.

06:04The other one is when they feel well-defined.

06:07It's like a shape.

06:10The other one is when it's irregular.

06:12It's more likely malignant.

06:14We also noticed that it easily moves under the skin.

06:20Usually, it's benign.

06:22But, if it's hard and it's close to your chest wall, it's more likely malignant.

06:27Because, it spreads.

06:29Also, the finding of discharge in the navel or in the area of the breast.

06:33Usually, if it's yellowish or greenish, it's an infection.

06:36Especially, if it's from breastfeeding or from giving birth.

06:39It can also be an infection.

06:40But, if there's a bloody discharge in the navel or in the area of the breast,

06:44it's more likely malignant.

06:46So, those are our general signs and symptoms that we need to check

06:50if it's more likely benign or malignant.

06:53But, at the bottom line, if you have it, you need to get it checked immediately.

06:59So, Doc, we call this breast self-examination.

07:04What is the correct way to do this, Doc?

07:08Before we ask the doctor.

07:12Okay.

07:13So, there are screening tests.

07:15Self-breast examination, mammogram, sonomammogram, MRI.

07:20Self-breast examination is to measure the size of your breast.

07:23Ideally, if you're younger than 20 years old and above,

07:27you should start doing self-breast examinations.

07:29When should you do it?

07:31Usually, one week after or after menstruation.

07:34Because, if you have menstruation, it's hard or painful to examine the breast.

07:39Okay?

07:40Also, usually, if the breast is big, you should lie down with a pillow on your back

07:46to spread your breast.

07:48So, lift your hand and spread your breast from above, going down,

07:53like a smooth slide, from lateral to the medial,

07:57including your underarm.

08:00You need to spread it.

08:01Sometimes, when you're taking a bath, you have a soap to glide your hand.

08:07So, you can also do it while standing.

08:09From above, going down to the middle.

08:11Or, sometimes, circular, from outside, going to the middle,

08:15including your navel and the back of your navel.

08:18That's our advice, starting at 20 years old.

08:21Okay, self-breast examination.

08:24The recommended screening, which we call mammogram,

08:28should start when you're 40 years old.

08:31So, you need to request your doctor for the request for mammogram.

08:36So, every year, every 1 to 2 years, up to 45 years old,

08:40depending on the recommendation.

08:42But definitely, at 45 years old,

08:44you need to have a screening every year up to 65 years old.

08:48So, some people, their concept is,

08:51Doc, I'm not going to get a mammogram because it's painful.

08:56I don't have a breast.

08:58It's not painful.

08:59We have a lot of new machines.

09:02It's just a slight discomfort when we test, okay?

09:06But sometimes, when there's no front,

09:10what we do is ultrasound on the breast,

09:12which is called mammogram,

09:14just to check for any abnormalities, okay?

09:17But the basis of the screening is mammogram.

09:20Backup is ultrasound or sonomammogram on the breast.

09:24And for those of us who have breast augmentation or implants,

09:31we also need to do MRI because that's the best.

09:34If there's an abnormality on the back,

09:38that's our best screening test.

09:41Doc, how can we avoid breast cancer

09:44and what are the possible treatment options for this?

09:48Because you mentioned earlier,

09:50there are more chances for a patient to recover from breast cancer.

09:54Go ahead, Doc.

09:57Definitely, you need to be aware that breast cancer is common.

10:01Did you know that per year,

10:03about 23,000 newly detected breast cancer

10:06are tested on self-breast examination?

10:08We need to follow the recommendations of mammogram

10:11because once it's detected early,

10:13the survival is better.

10:15Sometimes, the cure is very high compared to the disease.

10:21You need to consult your doctor

10:23if you have been diagnosed with breast cancer.

10:26Okay.

10:27Doc, today is Breast Cancer Awareness Month.

10:30What is the theme for this year?

10:32And what are our activities for this month?

10:37Our theme for 5 October is Early Detection Saves Lives,

10:43the general term of DOH.

10:45That's why the frontiers,

10:47shout-out to the frontiers of Breast Auto-Cancer Awareness,

10:50PSMO, Medical and Quality Society,

10:53Cancer Surgeons,

10:55DOH,

10:57and the NGOs, iCanServe.

10:59They have activities this October.

11:02There are self-breast examinations,

11:05free biopsies in government hospitals

11:09to check for abnormalities.

11:11And also,

11:12in almost all of our laboratories

11:15that offer mammograms,

11:16there are many discounts.

11:18Some are up to 50% off the screening discount.

11:22So, in October,

11:24you should get a mammogram,

11:26or get a screen or ultrasound on your breast

11:28because the discount is high.

11:30So, we need to consult

11:32and be aware regarding breast cancer.

11:35On that note,

11:36thank you very much, Dr. Fergus Galbo,

11:38for sharing with us important information

11:41about breast cancer.

11:43This is a big help for a broader understanding

11:47and support to those who have feelings.

11:49Thank you, Dr. Galbo.

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