週刊フジテレビ批評 The 批評対談 学童保育が抱える問題点
週刊フジテレビ批評 The 批評対談 学童保育が抱える問題点
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00:00NITOBE CULTURAL ACADEMY
00:08Let me introduce our guests.
00:10Mr. Kuniyoshi Hiraiwa, President of NITOBE CULTURAL ACADEMY.
00:19Mr. Kazuya Hagibara, President of Aiwa Gakudou Club.
00:28Please take a look at this.
00:31When the NITOBE CULTURAL ACADEMY investigated how elementary school students spend their summer vacation,
00:36more than 30% of the entire family went to Gakudou in the first and second years of elementary school.
00:42More than half of the full-time working class went to Gakudou for more than one day a week.
00:50I think it's a very important issue for the working class to decide where to keep their children during the summer vacation.
00:57Gakudou is open from morning to night during the summer,
01:03so I think there are some people who want to use Gakudou in the summer and want to start Gakudou in April.
01:12In other words, even if you want to start Gakudou during the summer vacation, you can't start Gakudou.
01:15That's right.
01:16The Children's Home Administration is investigating waiting hours.
01:19There is data that the number of waiting hours decreased by about half in the spring and autumn.
01:26In other words, there is a hypothesis that there are quite a few people who use Gakudou until the summer and quit it when the summer is over.
01:32There is also a discussion about increasing the number of Gakudou in the summer.
01:35Regarding Gakudou education, the number of waiting hours was the highest in the past in May of this year with 18,462 people.
01:44Mr. Hagiwara, why is this happening?
01:47It is said that the number of children themselves is decreasing due to the decrease in waiting hours,
01:52but there is also a situation where you have to work as a couple or that the number of single-parent families is increasing.
01:57After all, I want to leave my children in a safe place.
02:00As a result, the number of families who want to use Gakudou education has increased,
02:07and as a result, the number of waiting hours is increasing year after year.
02:12Mr. Hagiwara, the word waiting hours was an image that was used at the time that it was difficult to enter the nursery until now.
02:21Has the situation in the nursery changed a lot?
02:24Currently, the number of waiting hours in the nursery is around 2,000,
02:27so there is a difference of 9 to 10 times compared to 18,000 in Gakudou.
02:31In fact, the number of waiting hours in Gakudou has reversed around 2019, so it has increased.
02:38However, the word waiting hours has been used to refer to the nursery for a long time.
02:43As a result, various environments have not been arranged yet,
02:46and when children enter elementary school, they give up their jobs or work very hard.
02:52It seems that the word called the first wall has been born.
02:56The NPO of Mr. Hiraiwa conducted a survey targeting mothers and single-parent families with elementary school children.
03:03Approximately half of the single-parent families entered elementary school,
03:07reviewed how they worked, and said that the burden of raising children increased by nearly 60%.
03:15Compared to the nursery, is Gakudou nursery delayed?
03:19Mr. Hagiwara, what do you think?
03:22In the law called the Autonomous Welfare Act, Gakudou nursery and nursery are defined.
03:28However, what is fundamentally different from the nursery is that it is not a duty in the case of Gakudou nursery.
03:34There is also a situation in which the district government reduces the number of Gakudou nurseries
03:39depending on the circumstances.
03:42The nursery is a duty, right?
03:44Why didn't Gakudou nursery become a duty?
03:47The nursery was already incorporated when the Autonomous Welfare Act was passed,
03:52but at that time it was recognized that Gakudou nursery was not necessary,
03:56so it was not included in the law for a long time.
03:59In the meantime, Gakudou nursery was born naturally and was carried out in various places,
04:04but it was later written in the law,
04:07so it is said that it is a duty in the form of following up on the situation at that time.
04:14I heard that the budget used for the nursery and the budget used for Gakudou are different.
04:20It is said that there is a gap of 10 to 20 times.
04:23The budget for subsidies prepared by the government for Gakudou nursery is about 100 billion yen,
04:29but the nursery is a story of one or two chapters,
04:32so there is also a gap in the amount of subsidies prepared by the government.
04:37There are still many companies that do not take parental leave for elementary school students.
04:42It's a lot.
04:43It was in the data of the Nikkei newspaper,
04:46but there are about 80% of companies that do not take parental leave for elementary school students.
04:52So, in terms of society, if you are still an elementary school student,
04:55everyone will be able to work with full parental leave.
04:59I see.
05:00First of all, I will explain what kind of system Gakudou is.
05:04In the Kousetsu Gakudou run by the local government,
05:07there is a monthly fee of 20,000 to 10,000 yen,
05:10but when you enter, there is a screening,
05:13and it is said that it is easy for children of the working class to enter.
05:17On the other hand, there is also a private Gakudou run by the local government.
05:22Anyone can enter, and the amount of money is 30,000 to 80,000 yen.
05:28I think there are some people who want to meet and entrust the benefits of Gakudou.
05:35First of all, I think the most valuable thing is that it is a place for children.
05:39After school, you can feel at ease and say,
05:43I think the biggest point is that there is a place where you can recognize your own way of living.
05:49Another thing is that I think it makes sense to spend it in a different school year,
05:53but I think that the school class is basically a model of competing with the same school year children.
06:00However, in a different place, in a different school year and in a different combination,
06:05you can choose your own way of living,
06:08and if you can do it in a different school year, you can see your children grow a lot.
06:13So, in the school class, it didn't go very well, but it went well in the after school,
06:17and as a result, we often see that the whole school goes well,
06:22so it is said that it is the third place, but I think that such a place is necessary for children.
06:27I think it's one of the ways to increase the number of Gakudou only in the summer.
06:31Well, I think it's a reasonable idea to increase the number of Gakudou only in the summer.
06:36On the other hand, there are some difficulties,
06:38and first of all, where do you do the problem of location?
06:41Normal Gakudou is full of facilities, so it is difficult.
06:45If there is a possibility, the Gakudou you are doing at school,
06:48well, I don't usually use it, but I think you can choose to use the library or the family room.
06:54The next thing that comes up is a human task, so who will do it?
06:58Of course, it's not a job that can be done suddenly,
07:01but I think it would be better to make an effort to solve it with everyone
07:06because if you don't solve it, you can't solve this story.
07:12Mr. Hagiwara, what is the treatment of staff working at Gakudou?
07:17To be honest, this is in a very difficult situation.
07:23It is close to the so-called working poor,
07:28so-called working poor.
07:32I think there are various causes,
07:35but the first one is that there is little money in the world of Gakudou.
07:41And the staff working at Gakudou have relatively short working hours.
07:47For example, there is a social conspiracy that children should work only when they come to Gakudou in the afternoon,
07:55and if the working hours are short, of course, they will be fined.
07:59There are many such circumstances, and the annual fining level is not very high.
08:07Mr. Hagiwara, is it necessary to have a qualification to become a staff member of Gakudou?
08:13Since 2015, a new qualification, a post-school support worker, has been provided as a general qualification recognized by the Governor of Todo Prefecture.
08:23In fact, before that, there was no standard that qualified people had to be placed in Gakudou.
08:31However, there is a difficult problem of whether you can get a salary that suits your qualifications.
08:38There are some people who try to use their qualifications to work.
08:42In Gakudou, there is an impression that the system is very different depending on the government.
08:49It is completely different depending on the governor.
08:52For example, there is an increase in the number of examples of providing lunch boxes in Gakudou.
08:59There is a difference between the local government that is actively doing it and the local government that is seeing it off.
09:07I think that the impression of each area will change depending on what you do,
09:12so I think that there should be more places where you can do it positively.
09:16In Gakudou, there is a lot of work to place an order, and the scary thing is allergies.
09:21It is difficult to manage each person's lunch box.
09:26In fact, there are some places where you can take a break in that area.
09:30I see.
09:31There are many people who quit even though they can enter.
09:35There are also children who do not fit well in the environment of Gakudou.
09:39Especially recently, I think that there are many children who are relatively quiet and calm at home compared to the past.
09:47They don't like the role of guardianship.
09:50When they are in the second or third grade of elementary school, they will be in the order of doing the role,
09:54so they quit Gakudou because they don't like it.
09:56In other words, there is also a place where guardians can handle Gakudou on their own.
10:02Yes, about 10% of the Gakudou nursery is run by guardians.
10:10In that case, there are guardians who do all the employment of staff, salary, and payment,
10:16so there are many guardians who quit Gakudou because of the burden of the business.
10:23I think it's a lot of burden for the guardians.
10:26Why is it such a system?
10:28The Gakudou nursery was born spontaneously with the feeling of guardians
10:34that they wanted a safe place for their children in the first place.
10:39So the guardians had no choice but to secure a place and hire people.
10:43It means that there is a region where that root still remains.
10:47Originally, there was a situation where the guardians wanted to do something because the guardians were having a hard time,
10:51but for some reason the guardians were in charge.
10:54If there is such a situation, parents can get to know each other.
10:57For example, if you have the same age as your father, you can be friends with him.
11:01You have the same worries.
11:03It's not that there is no positive aspect, but it's basically because it's hard,
11:08so I think we have to make it a social system.
11:13On the other hand, when you become an elementary school student, you can also be on leave, right?
11:16Yes, that's right.
11:17According to the survey,
11:19about 60% of elementary school students were on leave.
11:27Even in the first grade, it was more than 20%.
11:30Also, if you ask about the anxiety at that time,
11:33here it is.
11:34The first place is a visit from a stranger.
11:36The second place is a fire.
11:38I found out that everyone was on leave in various worries.
11:43I think it's a worry that a first-year student is on leave alone for his parents now.
11:48According to the survey, there is also data that Japanese children spend more time alone than abroad after school.
11:54In terms of health and education, it is not necessarily good to be alone.
11:59If you can't spend time with the children you wanted to spend time with,
12:02I think you need to make it a social system.
12:05In the United States, there are many states that prohibit children from being on leave.
12:10In Saitama City, there was also a movement to pass a bill banning children from being on leave.
12:17That bill was a way of thinking that children should not be left alone.
12:22I also agree with that way of thinking.
12:25However, the problem was that it was a problem to impose it on the protector as a crime
12:30without trying to improve the situation of being left alone.
12:35I think it would have been no problem at all if it was a bill
12:40to promote more measures to prevent children from being left alone by the government.
12:45When you go to your friend's house, your mother is there,
12:48and you spend time with her.
12:51Are there fewer opportunities to go to your friend's house?
12:55Yes, there are fewer opportunities.
12:57It's a big deal, isn't it?
12:59You have to make adjustments on LINE,
13:01and if you go without permission with your children,
13:03your parents will apologize and bring you sweets.
13:05I think you don't have to go that far.
13:07However, the idea of putting a burden on the other person's family has become a little stronger.
13:13I think it's a big deal for children, too.
13:17You promised to play with your children at school today,
13:21but now there are fewer opportunities to come home.
13:24That's right.
13:25I actually took a survey.
13:27How many times a week do children have a day to play freely?
13:30It's almost 40%.
13:32This is the first place.
13:33The next is less than 30%, once a week.
13:35So about 70% of the time is less than once a week.
13:39I used to think it was five or seven times a week.
13:42Yes, it was seven times a week.
13:44But now it's 70% once a week.
13:48I see.
13:49I think it's a situation where parents have to seriously think about where to put their children.
13:56Mr. Hirai, do you think that Europe is a good place to think about education?
14:03Yes, I think it's going pretty well.
14:06I think there is a right for children to spend a lot of time after school.
14:11I think that's the basis of the idea.
14:14I think there is a way of thinking about how to maintain time, facilities, and safety.
14:21In Japan, the reason why schools are still open is that parents work.
14:26It's a premise.
14:27Yes, that's important, of course.
14:29I don't want people to forget what they want their children to do.
14:33Is there a lot of countries in Asia that are in the same situation as Japan?
14:37Yes, there is a system of school child care in China and Korea.
14:41It's very similar to Japan.
14:44They take in children from a nursing home.
14:49But in Asia, it's often the case that they make them study a lot.
14:54In China and Korea, it's called the exam country.
15:00Recently, Japan has changed a little.
15:02Many parents want their children to study and have a lot of time.
15:08Recently, there are a lot of taxis that go around to study after school.
15:12I think that the situation where children are riding taxis to study after school has changed a lot.
15:18There is also the keyword of experience gap.
15:21Of course, it is a family with a lot of money that can study a lot.
15:26But there are also parents who don't have the ability to take their children to places where they don't have money.
15:31The experience gap is very large.
15:34In the first year of elementary school, other children go camping to learn various things, but they can't do anything.
15:40There are children who have a big setback there.
15:44In that sense, I would like to raise the message that everyone should have a rich after-school life without any gap.
15:53I think there are still many things that the media can do about the issue of elementary school education.
15:57It's hard to say what elementary school education is.
16:03Even if you become a parent, you still don't know what it is.
16:07First of all, we should say that there is such a problem with such a thing.
16:11I think that the direction of the solution itself can be seen.
16:14I would like to do something with the excitement of public opinion.
16:19First of all, the real field of elementary school education,
16:22I think it is important that the reporters come out and tell the society what is really going on there.
16:33They say it's really a large scale, and the children are working in a small space in a tight space.
16:40They have been working for more than 10 hours without taking a break.
16:44I think it is desirable that the voice of improvement
16:50that we want to do something about it
16:56is heard by the society more and more.
17:03Today, we talked to Hiraiba-san and Hagiwara-san
17:06about the issue of academic education.
17:08Thank you very much.
17:12Thank you very much.