Imaginez ce qui se passerait si un trou noir rencontrait le Soleil ! Si un trou noir s'approchait trop près de notre Soleil, il commencerait à lui arracher de la matière en raison de sa gravité intense. Le Soleil s'étirerait et se déformerait, avec son gaz spirale entrant dans le trou noir, créant ainsi un disque d'accrétion incroyablement lumineux et chaud autour de lui. Avec le temps, le Soleil perdrait de plus en plus de sa masse, finissant par être complètement consommé. Cette rencontre cosmique marquerait la fin de notre système solaire tel que nous le connaissons, mais ne vous inquiétez pas, ce n’est pas quelque chose dont nous devons nous soucier de voir arriver de sitôt ! Animation créée par Sympa.
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Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna
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Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/
Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
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Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
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FunTranscript
00:00Imagine a powerful giant like the sun,
00:03facing a small but powerful opponent,
00:06a small black hole.
00:08The collision is imminent,
00:10and the fate of the solar system is at stake.
00:12Will the sun be able to resist
00:14the intense gravitational attraction
00:16of a small black hole,
00:18or will it be swallowed up entirely?
00:20The answer lies in the forces at stake
00:22in this breathtaking cosmic collision,
00:25and we will see all that.
00:27First of all, what is a black hole?
00:30A black hole is a region of space
00:32where gravity is so strong that nothing,
00:35not even light, can escape it.
00:38Like a cosmic vacuum cleaner,
00:40it absorbs everything that approaches it.
00:43It is so massive that it deforms
00:45the fabric of space-time all around it.
00:47Black holes are among the most
00:49frightening and mysterious objects in the universe,
00:52a powerful force of nature
00:54that challenges our understanding of physics,
00:57a real enigma of the universe.
01:00Black holes exist in different sizes.
01:03There are small ones,
01:04which are only a few kilometers wide,
01:06and very large ones,
01:07which are billions of times more massive than the sun.
01:10Most are formed
01:11as a result of the collapse of massive stars.
01:13Once the black hole is formed,
01:15it begins to grow,
01:16devouring everything in its path.
01:19And if two black holes or more collide,
01:22they can merge into a huge cosmic monster.
01:27But what about the smaller ones?
01:29The smallest known black holes
01:31are called stellar black holes.
01:33It is a type of black hole
01:34that weighs between 3 and 10 solar masses,
01:37while being tiny.
01:39It is as if we were taking all the matter
01:41of the solar system
01:42and compressing it
01:43in a space the size of New York.
01:45This is what is considered very small.
01:48For comparison,
01:50the so-called intermediate black holes
01:52weigh between 100 and 1,000 solar masses.
01:55And the supermassive black holes
01:57have a mass equal to billions of suns
02:00and are incredibly large.
02:02Thus, stellar black holes
02:04are nothing compared to these monsters.
02:08Imagine a massive star,
02:10larger than our sun,
02:12with a core made up of nuclear fuel
02:15and shining with a thousand fires
02:17and at high temperatures.
02:19However, as the star consumes its fuel,
02:22gravity takes over
02:24and begins to compress the star.
02:26The more it compresses it,
02:28the higher its temperature rises,
02:32until the core of the star reaches
02:34a temperature of several billion degrees.
02:37Finally, the core collapses
02:39under the effect of its own gravity.
02:41This creates an immense explosion,
02:43a supernova.
02:45This collapse creates a singularity,
02:47a point of infinite density and gravity.
02:49This point is surrounded
02:51by a horizon of events.
02:53The invisible border beyond which
02:55nothing, including light,
02:57can escape.
02:59And just like that,
03:01a stellar black hole is born.
03:03Impressive, isn't it?
03:05The stellar black holes
03:07are the most common black holes we know.
03:09These guys are found all over our galaxy.
03:11So, what are the chances
03:13that one of these little monsters
03:15will happen to us?
03:17Well, in reality,
03:19the probability that the sun
03:21will collide with a black hole
03:23is incredibly low.
03:25It's almost impossible.
03:27Although stellar black holes
03:29are the most common black hole
03:31in our universe,
03:33they are not common at all.
03:35The probability that the sun
03:37and a black hole meet
03:39is so rare that you would have
03:41more chances to win the lottery
03:43At the moment,
03:45the closest black hole to our solar system
03:47is Gaia BH1.
03:49It is about ten times heavier than our sun.
03:51And it is about 1,600 light years away from us.
03:53Which is quite a long way.
03:55So we can say
03:57that our sun has nothing to fear.
03:59But we should never say never, right?
04:01Like with any astronomical event,
04:03we have to understand
04:05the different ways
04:07something like this could happen.
04:09For example, a vagabond black hole
04:11can cross our solar system
04:13like comets and asteroids do.
04:15Unfortunately, unlike these objects,
04:17black holes are invisible
04:19and can only be detected
04:21by their gravitational attraction.
04:23So it's not as if we would see
04:25a big black hole rushing towards us.
04:27Rather, we would only notice it
04:29by the disturbances it would cause
04:31in the orbits of the different objects
04:33nearby.
04:35So, what to do now?
04:37We know that the sun is a massive
04:39black hole in the center of our solar system.
04:41It is about 4.5 billion years old.
04:43And it has enough fuel
04:45to last another 5 billion years.
04:47This star is so big
04:49that it is even impossible
04:51to imagine its immensity.
04:53In fact, if you put all the planets
04:55of our solar system in it,
04:57there would still be a lot of space.
04:59And it is so massive
05:01that it contains almost 100%
05:03of the total mass of the solar system.
05:05It is therefore difficult to imagine
05:07that a small insignificant black hole,
05:09thousands of times smaller than our star,
05:11could devour it.
05:13And you are right.
05:15It will not happen.
05:17At least, not completely.
05:19So, imagine that a solitary black hole
05:21arrives in our solar system
05:23and begins to approach the sun.
05:25As it approaches,
05:27its immense gravity begins to pull
05:29matter from the surface of the sun.
05:31The sun begins to stretch and deform.
05:33This is called spaghettification.
05:35The disk is stretched until it breaks.
05:37That's about what would happen to it.
05:39All these gathered materials
05:41soon form a whirling disk
05:43around the black hole.
05:45A disk of accretion.
05:47As more and more matter is attracted,
05:49the disk warms up
05:51and begins to emit an intense radiation.
05:53And as our beautiful star
05:55is caught in these dark nets,
05:57huge amounts of energy
05:59in the form of light and heat are released.
06:01The sun becomes much brighter
06:03and the outer layers evaporate,
06:05creating a huge cloud of gas and dust
06:07that spreads over vast areas.
06:09A real cosmic fire,
06:11but with terrible consequences.
06:13It would indeed be
06:15a very impressive spectacle.
06:17But we would not be there to admire it.
06:19As you may have guessed,
06:21the Earth would spend a dirty quarter of an hour.
06:23The intense radiation and the solar matter
06:25would cause huge forest fires.
06:27And the intense heat would evaporate the oceans.
06:29Our planet would bathe
06:31in a constant flow of high-energy particles.
06:33And the atmosphere would be ionized.
06:35In short, the chances of survival
06:37of any form of life would be close to zero.
06:39And this collision would have
06:41considerable consequences,
06:43not only for the Earth,
06:45but for the entire solar system.
06:47The intense radiation and the heat
06:49would evaporate everything in their path.
06:51All planets would be destroyed.
06:53But the sun being a much larger object
06:55than a typical star,
06:57it would not be completely devoured
06:59It would be considerably deformed
07:01and disturbed, yes.
07:03The intense gravity of the black hole
07:05would lead to the tearing of its outer layers,
07:07would create a massive explosion,
07:09an event of rupture by tidal effect.
07:11But anyway,
07:13in the end, the black hole would win.
07:15It would grow,
07:17and a new disk of accretion
07:19would form around it.
07:21As we have seen,
07:23the collision of the sun with a black hole,
07:25whether tiny or stellar,
07:27is catastrophic.
07:29But fortunately, as we have already mentioned,
07:31the probability of such a collision
07:33is extremely low.
07:35However, this does not mean
07:37that we should stop studying the black holes
07:39and their potential impact on the universe.
07:41The more we learn
07:43about these mysterious objects,
07:45the better we are equipped
07:47to understand and predict their behavior.
07:49So let's keep looking,
07:51exploring and observing
07:53the depths of space.
07:55You know, maybe one day
07:57we will come across a very curious black hole
07:59that will get a little too close to the sun.
08:01Let's hope that by then,
08:03we are already on a distant planet.