What is color blindness?
What is color blindness?
#colorblindness #bakhabarsavera #arynews
#colorblindness #bakhabarsavera #arynews
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00:00 You are moving towards a topic where it is said that this problem is more prevalent in men than women.
00:06 It is called color confusion, color blindness.
00:11 For instance, I am wearing blue color, people don't know how many shades of blue I am wearing.
00:17 How many colors of this family are there? Dark, royal blue, navy blue.
00:21 Does this happen with you?
00:23 It doesn't happen with me, but I can tell you one thing that color deficiency or color blindness
00:29 is a test in our national security agencies, in recruitment, in army, navy, air force, police.
00:40 So sometimes it is a test of color blindness or color deficiency.
00:44 And you won't believe that many, because 18-19 year olds go there,
00:48 they don't even know that they can't differentiate between the colors.
00:54 They may not even know that this is gray, this is not gray, this was red.
01:00 But they never knew.
01:02 I still remember that there are bookkeepers, there are some colors,
01:05 and the investigator tells them to identify them.
01:08 So many people, many women, men...
01:11 So it is possible that they don't know the name of the color, but it is very important to differentiate.
01:15 And it is said that this is also a problem in some people,
01:18 and in some people, because of over the period of time or some medication,
01:22 it happens because of this.
01:24 Maybe. So let's talk about this.
01:26 And we have with us today, an expert in eye disease, Dr. Mohammad Hamza.
01:30 Welcome to the show.
01:32 Good morning.
01:34 And please tell us, to clarify, is this color blindness or color deficiency?
01:39 What is the exact word?
01:41 Basically, the exact word is color deficiency.
01:43 Color blindness is not common among people, only 1% or less than 1%.
01:47 But the exact word, in the correct terminology, is color deficiency or color confusion.
01:53 And this is also color blindness, but it is very rare, 1%.
01:57 Mostly it is acquired.
01:59 And as you said, military or navy or any other armed forces,
02:04 red-green abnormality is the most common.
02:07 After that, blue and yellow are common.
02:11 But red-green is the most common, and 1 in every 12 men has a color deficiency.
02:16 1 in every 12.
02:18 1 in every 12.
02:20 And 1 in every 200 women have this.
02:23 So it's that common.
02:25 Is it the reason that women make more clothes and have more variety?
02:29 No, that is true, but it is linked to the gene, basically.
02:33 And for some reason, it has been seen in men,
02:36 and as we were talking about, Faisal,
02:38 it is not known until a very old age.
02:40 I mean, patients come to me at the age of 18 or 19,
02:43 and they say they are undergoing medical recruitment,
02:46 or they are going abroad, to Saudi Arabia, to Oman.
02:48 People from those countries also come to us and say,
02:50 "We have been failed, we have not seen the color."
02:52 How important is it to know color differentiation?
02:56 It is very important.
02:58 When a child is 4 years old, he starts identifying colors.
03:02 After 4 years, he becomes blind, and he stays for 8-10 years.
03:06 But it is also important for us to know the color,
03:09 because red color is a sign of danger.
03:12 If you are not aware of a flashlight or a pole,
03:16 then you can actually have an accident.
03:18 They cannot even see the red color.
03:20 Exactly. Red and green are the most common.
03:22 They will see it as grayish or shaded.
03:25 So, it is very important to identify it from childhood.
03:28 It should be screened in schools and institutions,
03:31 so that the children come to class 1, so that they know.
03:34 And if we identify that the child is not seeing red or green,
03:38 then we can work on it.
03:40 We can label them for those colors.
03:43 Or we can give them contact lenses or glasses,
03:47 which can help them.
03:49 Although, they do not do all color deficiencies,
03:52 but they can improve it to a great extent.
03:54 You are giving very important information about contact lenses.
03:57 We will talk about it later.
03:59 Meanwhile, Dr. Muhammad Hamza is with us.
04:01 Before that, we were talking about color deficiency or color blindness.
04:05 Thank you so much for being so patient.
04:07 We wanted to know about the statistics that
04:11 men are more susceptible to it than women.
04:14 If it is a hereditary disease, then why is it so?
04:18 Why do men have more chances of getting it?
04:20 Basically, X chromosome comes from the female.
04:24 And from the male, X and Y chromosomes come.
04:27 So, this disease is called X-linked.
04:30 That is why, only those who are transmitted by women can transfer it.
04:34 Men cannot transfer it.
04:36 Although, it happens in 1 in 200 women,
04:39 but still, it comes from the female.
04:42 So, here, although, you can say for the sake of argument,
04:47 that women are more, so why is it happening in men?
04:50 But the biggest thing, as I said, is screening.
04:53 And men can also say that they go out, work,
04:56 apply at different places, they know about jobs.
05:00 Women are mostly at home or in household activities.
05:03 They don't know much.
05:04 They make so many clothes.
05:05 No, no, they know about clothes, it is absolutely right.
05:07 But when you actually read the plates,
05:09 as I said, it is not blindness, it is deficiency.
05:12 Some color will be very prominent, some color will be less prominent.
05:15 One thing I see, often the children of the house,
05:17 or the boys, when they buy some stuff from the market,
05:20 vegetables, fruits, they get scolded a lot.
05:23 Take it back, I don't understand, you bring raw, you bring spoiled.
05:27 So, they have this problem?
05:28 It is possible, it is not necessary.
05:30 It is possible that they may also have a disability.
05:32 It is possible that they have so many colors,
05:34 like there are so many shades of green, they are not differentiating.
05:37 Like the banana stalk is green from the top,
05:40 sometimes it is not known.
05:42 Similarly, if you look at guava or pomegranate,
05:45 there is confusion.
05:46 There are problems in red meat,
05:48 whether it is raw or cooked, these things happen.
05:50 And one more thing I will tell you,
05:52 this is only 1% that is being genetically transferred.
05:56 The rest of the things come in acquired,
05:58 like diseases, multiple sclerosis,
06:00 sclerosis is common in optic neuritis,
06:02 glaucoma, which is in the black water,
06:04 which we call, is in that.
06:05 Moving forward, the patients of rheumatoid arthritis,
06:08 it happens because of the medicines they take.
06:10 Ok.
06:11 It is very common in our country,
06:12 Hydroxychloroquine is a medicine,
06:14 which is given a lot in the West,
06:15 it is given very less in the West,
06:16 but here for some reason, it is given a lot.
06:18 That also causes color deficiency to people.
06:21 Ethambutol, which is a medicine for tuberculosis,
06:23 TB is very common in our country,
06:25 so this thing is also seen in those people.
06:27 Ok, then Dr. Amza, then tell us that,
06:29 if someone gets this and his diagnosis is done,
06:32 it is known, now can it be turned back,
06:36 can it be improved in any way,
06:39 or can it be completely controlled?
06:41 Absolutely, see it can be turned back,
06:43 because the acquired ones are temporary,
06:45 in majority of cases, we call their desaturation,
06:49 or color is reduced, but the color comes back,
06:51 when their medicine is stopped,
06:52 because of which the color comes back,
06:54 if we treat the disease, then the color comes back.
06:57 Yes, in that we can argue that the color sharpness,
07:01 brightness, contrast, may not return as before,
07:04 like those who had COVID, they still say that
07:06 we did not get the sense of smell back,
07:08 which was there before.
07:10 So, this can happen on things,
07:12 but it is not that Allah forbid,
07:13 they will be color deficient all their life,
07:15 it is not like that.
07:16 And then, like I said, therapies, glasses,
07:18 contact lenses, talking to those people,
07:20 not bullying them,
07:22 there is an English proverb,
07:24 children's say, laugh with them,
07:26 not laugh at them.
07:28 So, we have to keep this thing very carefully,
07:30 that we should not make fun of those elders,
07:32 that he is not seeing red color,
07:34 he is not seeing green color,
07:36 so his mental health is greatly affected by it.
07:38 It is greatly affected, absolutely.
07:40 Thank you so much Dr. Imza,
07:42 you shared a lot of information with us,
07:44 and it is important to know,
07:46 and the most important thing he said,
07:48 that if you see anything different in someone,
07:50 then do not bully him,
07:52 and the example he gave,
07:54 laugh with them, do not laugh at them.
07:56 And more importantly,
07:58 it is important to identify this thing,
08:00 and it would be so good,
08:02 that where we do not do many things in our schools,
08:04 we do not do one of those things,
08:06 that we do screening of our children,
08:08 on color deficiency,
08:10 so if they get to know in early age,
08:12 then how many recruitments they have,
08:14 going out,