(Adnkronos) - Costanzo (Humanitas university), azione principale svolta da queste molecole è bloccare l’eczema e il prurito. Ma, come hanno dimostrato studi recenti, agiscono anche su altre patologie correlate alla dermatite atopica, come asma, rinite, poliposi nasale e allergie alimentari, purchè in forma lieve. Hanno alla base la stessa iperattività di una parte del sistema immunitario.
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00:00 For those who suffer from atopic dermatitis or atopic eczema, which is about 3 million people in Italy alone, of which 20% are adults,
00:15 an easy and safe therapy is available today, able to eliminate in a very short time both the typical skin manifestations of this pathology and the constant itching.
00:25 These are the Jack inhibitors, a class of latest generation drugs that can control this inflammatory skin disease with chronic or recurrent character,
00:36 which if not treated with these innovative therapies can present itself, getting worse or regressing, throughout life, with serious consequences on its quality.
00:48 But how do these drugs work? We asked Antonio Costanzo, a professor of dermatology at Humanitas University.
00:55 Jack inhibitors are small molecules that block an enzyme that signals inflammation within the cells.
01:05 Blocking this inflammation signal, it blocks the ability of factors released by many types of inflammatory cells to induce two things in patients with atopic dermatitis.
01:20 Cutaneous inflammation, the so-called eczema, which is the manifestation of atopic dermatitis, and the itching in these patients.
01:28 Assumed by oral and in compress once a day, they are able to inhibit the inflammatory action of the enzyme called GECCO 1, 2, 3,
01:37 and also act on the comorbidities related to this dermatological pathology.
01:42 Atopic dermatitis almost never comes alone, it is a hyperactivity of a part of the immune system that is the same that gives asthma, rhinitis, nasal polyposis, food allergies.
01:57 So we often see patients who have atopic dermatitis as a main problem, but then we discover that they also have a little rhinitis, asthma in the past, food allergies, more than one food.
02:14 Also for atopic comorbidities, these drugs work, we recently demonstrated it in a publication in which we provided some patients with these scales of comorbidities, not of atopic dermatitis,
02:31 and we saw that these scales improved. Naturally, we see patients in whom these comorbidities are not very serious, because otherwise they would be followed by other professionals.
02:44 But do they have to be taken all their lives?
02:46 It is a chronic therapy, because the disease is chronic. It is a therapy that, to start working, only a few hours or a few days are enough, and you immediately see an effect.
02:57 This effect is maintained over time, now we have experiences of 3-4 years of therapy with this class of drugs.
03:08 Are they safe?
03:10 The inhibitors are safe. There are news about problems that one, in particular, the inhibitors, the glutathione, should be given to patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
03:24 So, based on this, there are recommendations on the type of patients on whom not to use them. They are essentially strong smokers who have had deep venous thrombosis, not caused, that is, not consequent to a road accident, but spontaneous,
03:44 and who have tumors in the abdomen. These are precautions that we use with many drugs, not only with inhibitors.
03:53 If we exclude these few patients, the vast majority of patients have not had any side effects with these drugs.
04:07 Can there be a little nausea in the first few weeks with some of these inhibitors? Yes, there can be, but then it passes, and the vast majority of patients benefit with a very high level of safety.
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