Descubre la impactante verdad que se esconde tras conspiraciones reales que en su tiempo se descartaron como simples teorías.
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00:00At least for burglars it's unusual.
00:02Do you know the name of the council?
00:04I don't know, some country club type.
00:16The public health service had started a massive screening to find people who had syphilis
00:22and an even more massive roundup to try to get them in.
00:26The Iran-Contra scandal.
00:46Who was going to say that selling weapons in secret to Iran would end up harming the government of President Ronald Reagan?
00:54Iran-Contra, possibly the most disastrous and explosive political scandal of the 1980s,
01:00was such a big public relations mistake for the US government that Reagan had to assume all the responsibility
01:06on live television in 1987.
01:09Not once, but twice.
01:24The thousands of documents to the various investigations.
01:27And I appointed a special review board.
01:30Although two independent investigations found Reagan guilty of any crime,
01:34many other participants in the scandal were denounced.
01:37Like Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North.
01:39His participation was partially exposed by the journalist John Maris,
01:43who informed the Senator of Massachusetts and future Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry.
02:00PG&E, Chromosase and Erin Brockovich.
02:23Several of the entries in this list adapted to the screen after reaching national notoriety,
02:28but the incredible real story of the brave legal assistant Erin Brockovich
02:32exploded after it became the theme of the Oscar-winning biographical film
02:37by director Steven Soderbergh, starring Julia Roberts.
02:59For those who don't know, Brockovich was a single, unemployed mother
03:06who, after finding work in a law firm,
03:09discovered a sinister conspiracy related to a mysterious disease
03:13generalized in Hinckley, California.
03:15After investigating a little, it became clear that the Pacific Gas and Electricity Company
03:20was responsible for the health problems resulting from the consumption of contaminated water with hexavalent chromium.
03:27Not only that, but PG&E had successfully covered the conspiracy for years.
03:32Very good, Erin.
03:54The truth about tobacco
03:57What are those boxes?
04:00I'm going to the store. You need anything?
04:02What do you need at the store?
04:03Soy sauce.
04:04Right now?
04:06That's my stuff from the office.
04:07Why did you take your stuff from the office?
04:10I didn't want to leave it there.
04:11I don't understand.
04:16I got fired this morning.
04:17I hope this doesn't have to be said, but smoking is a significant risk to health
04:22and it is probably better to avoid it completely.
04:25However, if it were for the tobacco industry experts,
04:28the pressure groups and others, you wouldn't know.
04:32I'm a producer with 60 Minutes.
04:34Yeah.
04:3560 Minutes, the television show?
04:37Yes.
04:39He doesn't want to talk to you.
04:43How does he know he doesn't want to talk to me? He doesn't know what I'm calling him about.
04:46He doesn't care to know.
05:02He was not the first denouncer to make it public, but Deep Cog,
05:06the key name of a former employee of RJ Reynolds,
05:09who accused the tobacco industry of denying addiction to nicotine.
05:32Research.
05:35You declare as a badge of honor you don't even know what makes water boil.
05:38Case Dreyfus.
05:39He was utterly patriotic.
05:41He was absorbed with the idea of being an officer and an officer as a man of honor.
05:49He was a dedicated military man.
05:51He saw himself first as a Frenchman and only secondarily as a Jew.
05:56Sometimes pulling a small and loose thread can cause a devastating outcome.
06:01An example of this is the legendary Dreyfus case,
06:04in which Captain Alfred Dreyfus, a 35-year-old French artillery officer,
06:09was convicted without basis for treason in this case for reporting to Germany.
06:14That a spy should be found, that a spy should be arrested,
06:18is already a sensational piece of news.
06:22That this spy should be Jewish,
06:24a Jewish captain in the Holy of Holies, the General Staff,
06:29is even hotter news.
06:31The scandal developed for a decade, from 1894 to 1906.
06:37In 1896, evidence was discovered that Dreyfus had been accused,
06:42but the army hid them.
06:44The article of the French writer Émile Sola,
06:47Jacques, an open letter to the French president, Félix Fauré,
06:51provoked a wave of public support for Dreyfus,
06:54whose politicized judicial process was attributed to anti-Semitism.
06:58He was finally re-admitted to the army and appointed Lieutenant Colonel.
07:22Incident of the Tonkin Gulf.
07:41This is an incident that the US government surely wants us to forget.
07:45Its authenticity and the subsequent cover-up
07:48were questioned even at that time, 1964.
07:52Basically, two sea battles between the US forces
07:56and the neo-Vietnamites in August of that year,
07:59caused a significant escalation in the Vietnam War.
08:19The problem is that the second of these clashes did not occur,
08:23and due to wrong information,
08:25it led the United States to get more and more involved in the conflict.
08:29In 2005, the historian of the NSA, Robert J. Hanlock,
08:34revealed his forceful conclusion,
08:36that the NSA had intentionally manipulated the evidence
08:40to justify the presence of troops in Vietnam.
08:43Documents from the Pentagon.
09:13But Bob said it was quite detrimental to him.
09:18In case you hadn't noticed,
09:20the Vietnam War was a disastrous and deeply embarrassing period
09:23in the history of the United States.
09:25But the fact is that the public,
09:27and even members of Congress,
09:29were largely unaware of the scope of the lies and deception of the government.
09:33Nothing else of interest to the world.
09:35Yes, they are very significant,
09:37this goddamn New York Times expose
09:41the most highly classified documents of the war.
09:44You mean that was leaked out of the Pentagon?
09:47The whole study that was done for McNamara,
09:51this is a devastating security breach.
09:54In this prequel to the infamous Watergate scandal,
09:57don't worry, we'll talk about that later,
10:00the military analyst Daniel Ellsberg denounced the government.
10:04That is, he leaked the documents from the Pentagon to the New York Times,
10:08which disclosed in detail the participation of the United States in Vietnam.
10:13As a result, he was accused and then acquitted of theft and conspiracy.
10:39COINTELPRO
11:02This series of illegal operations carried out by the FBI
11:06aimed at subverting organizations and individuals
11:09considered potential threats to U.S. security.
11:13COINTELPRO's objectives included, among others,
11:16the protesters against the Vietnam War,
11:19the Communist Party of the United States,
11:21and Martin Luther King Jr.
11:37Officially in force between 1956 and 1971,
11:41COINTELPRO used dirty and strictly unofficial tactics
11:45against its victims,
11:47such as forged documents and illegal surveillance.
11:50The ultra-secret program was discovered in 1971
11:54by the Citizens' Commission to investigate the FBI,
11:57which led to its dissolution each year.
12:00However, evidence suggests that the FBI
12:03has continued to use many of the illicit methods of the COINTELPRO era.
12:31TUSKEGEE EXPERIMENT
12:54Get ready!
12:56The Tuskegee Syphilis Study
12:58is one of the most atrocious chapters
13:00not only in the history of the United States,
13:02but in the history of humanity.
13:04It began in 1932 and was administered
13:07by the Public Health Service
13:09and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
13:12Carried out in collaboration
13:14with the historically black University of Tuskegee,
13:17the study was intended to observe
13:20the effects of untreated syphilis.
13:28And in terms of syphilis,
13:31it was the leading cause of maternal mortality,
13:34leading single cause of admission to mental hospitals
13:36and many other things.
13:37So it was in the national interest to get the information
13:40so that you could provide the greatest protection
13:43for the entire community, black and white.
13:46The Center did not reveal its diagnoses to the 600 patients
13:49and prescribed risky, experimental
13:52and generally harmful treatments.
13:55Initially planned to last only 6 months,
13:58the experiment was not interrupted
14:00until 4 decades later,
14:02when journalistic leaks
14:04caused its abrupt cancellation.
14:26MKULTRA
14:43Did you think that only the FBI
14:45had done shady things in the 20th century?
14:47Let me introduce you to the Central Intelligence Agency.
14:51The goal of MKULTRA,
14:53which received this arbitrary name
14:55to keep the program secret,
14:57was to design new torture methods
14:59through the use of powerful psychoactive drugs
15:01that would weaken the determination of the detainees.
15:24Widely condemned in later years
15:26as a blatant violation of human rights,
15:29the records of MKULTRA
15:31were destroyed as a result of the Watergate.
15:33It's coming, we promise.
15:35However, some were recovered later
15:37and the Church Committee
15:39revealed the existence of the program in 1975,
15:42after a report by the New York Times in 1974.
15:54They all were behind it,
15:56they all knew what they were doing,
15:59but they weren't doing it out of care or love,
16:02they were doing it out of military and political reasons.
16:05Hey, we're not done yet, but almost.
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16:12of our most recent videos.
16:14You will surely like them.
16:16Now, let's go to the end.
16:18Watergate scandal.
16:20White House.
16:21Howard Hunt, please.
16:23Mr. Hunt isn't here just now.
16:25He might be in Mr. Coulson's office.
16:27I'll connect you.
16:31See? We said we were going to mention him.
16:33After all, how could we not include
16:36what is perhaps the most condemnatory
16:38US political transgression of all time,
16:41the one that caused the most recent resignation
16:43of a US president to date.
16:46Did you know Howard Hunt?
16:49Didn't he work in the office?
16:50Yeah, I knew Howard.
16:51Nice.
16:52He's a nice person.
16:54He's secretive.
16:55He's secretive, but a decent man.
16:57Do you have any idea what he did?
17:01Well, the White House said he was doing
17:03some investigative work.
17:05What did you say?
17:06Although you probably already know
17:08the general aspects of this saga,
17:10let's quickly review it.
17:11A failed search at the headquarters
17:13of the National Democratic Committee
17:15in June 1972 revealed
17:17a large-scale surveillance operation
17:19directly related to the re-election campaign
17:22of President Richard Nixon.
17:24The scandal could very well have gone unnoticed
17:27if it hadn't been for the vital work
17:29of journalists Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward,
17:32whose writings for the Washington Post
17:35led to the resignation of the president.
17:49Well, she ain't gonna give it to you
17:50because I was with the woman for six hours.
17:52We're gonna try.
17:53Well, then you're gonna have to trick her,
17:54threaten her. She's not gonna do it.
17:55What conspiracy from our list surprised you the most?
17:58If we may sound a little grim,
18:00we might say that we are looking forward
18:02to a rich harvest of some 200 autopsies
18:05in the next 5 to 10 years.
18:08Is there anything else that the United States
18:10has done and we have forgotten?
18:12Tell us here in the comments
18:13and don't miss these other videos
18:15from WatchMojo Español.
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