MEDI1TV Afrique : LE GRAND JOURNAL MIDI - 19/03/2025
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00:00We are still together on Mediantv, thank you for staying loyal to us, here are the titles
00:15of your day.
00:16Morocco pleads for the support of countries in political transition in order to accelerate
00:22the return to the heart of the African Union, a position expressed during informal consultations
00:28with these countries, convened by the Kingdom, which presides during this month the UN Security
00:34and Peace Council.
00:35The horror and carnage of the return to Gaza after the resumption of Israeli strikes on
00:42the Palestinian enclave, 970 deaths in 48 hours, this is only the beginning, assures the Prime
00:49Minister of Israel.
00:50A surprise meeting yesterday in Doha between Congolese and Rwandan presidents, under Qatari
00:59mediation.
01:00The two leaders have engaged in favor of ceasing the immediate and unconditional fire in the
01:06east of the EDC.
01:09But before developing these titles, know that His Majesty the King Mohammed VI addressed
01:16a message of congratulations to the Moroccan boxer Huidad Bertal after her sacrifice to
01:22the world champion of women's boxing in Serbia.
01:26In this message, the Sovereign salutes the perseverance of the Moroccan boxer to raise
01:32high the national colors on the podiums and engraved her name among the great champions.
01:39The Sovereign wishes her more success and success in the next competitions.
01:46Morocco and Cameroon are experiencing a new dynamic in their military cooperation.
01:56On high royal instruction, the Moroccan minister in charge of the administration of the defense
02:01in Belletifluidi received yesterday his Cameroonian counterpart Joseph-Betty Assomo, a visit
02:08which is part of the consolidation of relations between the two countries.
02:13She was marked by the signing of a military cooperation agreement.
02:17Training, health, technical assistance.
02:20This agreement is mainly articulated around training.
02:23At this meeting, Cameroon saluted the Atlantic initiative of His Majesty the King Mohammed VI
02:29as well as the efforts of the kingdom to strengthen stability and regional security.
02:35We now go to Addis Ababa, where Morocco presides.
02:40During this month, the Council of Peace and Security of the African Union highlighted
02:45yesterday in front of the CPS the imperative to accompany countries in political transition
02:51to accelerate their return within the Pan-African institution.
02:55A position expressed during informal consultations convened by the kingdom with Burkina Faso,
03:01Gabon, Guinea, Mali, Niger and Sudan.
03:05The Moroccan delegation emphasized the importance of dialogue and regular discussions
03:11with countries in political transition.
03:18And to talk about it, we are with Mohamed Eshkoundi, teacher, researcher,
03:22specialist in governance in Africa.
03:25Mohamed Eshkoundi, hello and thank you for accepting our invitation.
03:30Hello and thank you for your invitation.
03:32So, we have seen it, Morocco insists on the imperative to accompany countries in political transition
03:38for their return within the African Union.
03:42What are, according to you, the deep motivations of this Moroccan position,
03:47in particular in connection with its reaffirmed Pan-African commitment?
03:51Yes, you know, it is a very important initiative in view of the crisis
03:56that some African countries are going through, who are currently experiencing an institutional transition.
04:01And we know that this institutional transition is the result of a long process,
04:06a set of problems in which these African countries are,
04:09which they are trying as hard as they can to solve, to start a period of transition.
04:14And so, we also know, in relation to the Security and Peace Council,
04:17regarding the governance of the African Union and the decisions of the African Union,
04:22and if we focus more on the Security and Peace Council,
04:25in relation to its governance, its role, first of all, its vocation, is to see the crises come,
04:30that is to say, to do preventive diplomacy and to manage the crises in which some African countries find themselves,
04:36multidimensional crises, and in particular political crises,
04:40because it is political crises that degenerate and give rise to other crises.
04:44So, there is a complexification of crises.
04:47And so, in relation to the governance, let's say, of the Security and Peace Council,
04:51nothing prohibits regarding the articles governing its functioning,
04:55that is to say, nothing prohibits to establish mechanisms of dialogue, I would say informal,
05:02with the countries that have been suspended by the African Union
05:06for reasons related to institutional change mechanisms.
05:10And so, the Moroccan initiative is important.
05:12Precisely, Mohamed Eshkoundi, the text presented by Morocco mentions the importance of dialogue
05:18and regular consultations with the countries in transition.
05:21How could these informal mechanisms that you have just spoken about be institutionalized
05:27to become, let's say, an effective strategic tool, as proposed by the Moroccan delegation?
05:33I believe that Morocco offers a very good approach,
05:36because in relation to the functioning of the Security and Peace Council,
05:40normally, if the African Union suspends certain countries,
05:44the Security and Peace Council, as I said earlier, has a vocation to manage the crises.
05:48So, to accompany the countries that go through transition mechanisms
05:53so that they can go through these transitions in good conditions.
05:57So, already, I have just said, in relation to the governance of the Security and Peace Council,
06:01this approach deserves to be institutionalized.
06:04So, already, as I said earlier, there is an article that stipulates the possibility
06:10of opening an informal dialogue with the countries that go through transition periods.
06:17And Morocco affirms the importance of maintaining the dialogue.
06:21Because the aim is not to maintain the dialogue.
06:23After suspending certain countries, it prevents them from settling.
06:28We understand, for reasons related to institutional change mechanisms,
06:32it also prevents them from benefiting from continental dynamics.
06:36Because there are ongoing projects.
06:38And so, in the end, the suspension has a negative impact on the populations.
06:45So, from there, it is also important to reflect on the rights and means,
06:50and Morocco is right to make this proposal, to maintain the dialogue.
06:54Even if it is an informal dialogue, it must be maintained.
06:57Because the Security and Peace Council should continue to support the countries.
07:02Because, first of all, the Security and Peace Council, as I just said,
07:06is doing preventive diplomacy.
07:07So, we must understand the deep causes that have led to non-functional change mechanisms, in a way.
07:14And so, the fact of institutionalizing the approach,
07:18it also allows us to make a diagnosis of everything that causes this crisis.
07:22So, rather than continuing to make a preventive approach,
07:27which consists of managing the visible symptoms of the crisis,
07:31and not focusing more on the deep causes.
07:34So, the Moroccan approach, being insularized in the governance mechanisms
07:39of the Security and Peace Council of the African Union,
07:42would also allow us to maintain the dialogue and, beyond that, maintain this proximity.
07:47Because there must be a distance between the countries that have been suspended
07:53and the African Union.
07:54Because this could lead to reactions, sometimes,
07:57that are not beneficial for the continental dynamics
08:02and also for the insular dynamics of the countries in transition.
08:06Mahmoud Eshkondi, Morocco underlines the Nexus Peace, Security and Development
08:11from Tangier's declaration.
08:13Could you explain how this approach would allow us to respond to the deep causes
08:18of instability in the countries in transition?
08:22You know that we make the diagnosis of certain crises in which certain countries are located.
08:27This crisis is multidimensional.
08:30And so, it includes a set of risks that have degenerated.
08:33Afterwards, these are crises that have interacted in a way.
08:39And so, Morocco proposes a new approach.
08:42Until now, when it came to dealing with a security crisis,
08:47the approach was strictly security.
08:50Whereas behind the initiation of a security crisis,
08:54there is a set of elements of socio-economic, economic and social fragility
08:59that have led to this degradation of the security situation.
09:03And so, for Morocco, the Moroccan approach is very, very important
09:07because it speaks of the principle that we need a multidimensional approach.
09:12We can't get to the bottom of the security problem in certain countries
09:18without activating other levers, like socio-economic levers,
09:23because sometimes the problem is economic development.
09:26The problem is economic marginalization, which feeds the security crisis.
09:33And so, the Moroccan approach on security and development is very important.
09:37Now, let's leave the institutionalization.
09:41How do we make sure that this approach becomes operational?
09:46So, I believe that there is a fundamental work to be done,
09:50first within the institutions of the African Union,
09:53because we have a set of institutions that continue to work in a way,
09:57I want to say, not burst, but in a compartmentalized way.
10:01While the ideal is to make sure that there is an implementation
10:04and that there are no trials, but that at the level of the Security and Peace Council,
10:09this approach could find a deployment ground.
10:12How?
10:13For example, opening an informal dialogue with these countries
10:18allows us to understand the origins of the crisis,
10:21the origins, I forgot to say, of the profound causes,
10:23and at the same time start to put in place the approach.
10:26That is to say, see how the Security and Peace Council
10:29can make sure that an entire African department,
10:32the department that takes care of the Commission, I mean,
10:35that takes care of the socio-economic elements,
10:37and the Commission that takes care of everything that is economic, everything that is integration,
10:40can work together, in addition to the Security and Peace Council.
10:44So, we have a work of implementation.
10:46The second problem that must not be denied,
10:49is that there is the work of the African Union to put in place this approach,
10:52so it would be necessary to establish a governance
10:55that allows this approach to be well implemented.
10:58The second element is to make sure that the African Union,
11:03the regional economic communities, can work together,
11:06beyond the African Union, the regional economic communities.
11:09So, find a ground of agreement between all these institutions.
11:12Find a ground of agreement, Mohamed Eshkoundi, you said it.
11:15In any case, Morocco calls for a multidimensional,
11:19security, socio-economic, humanitarian support.
11:22What are, in your opinion, the major challenges to coordinate these different actions,
11:27especially in the face of the mentioned transnational threats?
11:31So, the major challenges, and we have the problem of coherence.
11:35So, until now, the approaches, they were a bit burst, in a way.
11:40So, there were approaches, there were very good initiatives
11:43within the African Union, within the regional economic communities,
11:46but that is to say, there was no coordination work.
11:49We have seen, in relation to the crisis of the East of the DRC,
11:52the two regional economic communities, namely the SADC and the CEAC,
11:56we have understood the importance and the vitality of working together.
11:59So, the first challenge for this approach to be put in place,
12:03so that we can remedy these institutional fragilities,
12:06which end up giving state costs.
12:08So, first of all, we must ensure that within the African Union,
12:11there is a fundamental work of coordination
12:14against all the institutions that intervene in a given country.
12:17That is the first element.
12:19The second element is to ensure that there is coherence.
12:22Coherence against what is being done at the national level,
12:26what is being done at the continental level,
12:28what is being done at the regional level.
12:30Sometimes, some countries have a national transition and go through a crisis.
12:33If the crisis fails to have been resolved,
12:36that is to say, it gives rise to other crises.
12:39Hence the importance of opening an informal dialogue
12:42with the countries that are going through a transition period,
12:45to understand how the approaches that are being put in place
12:49to resolve the political problem of insular transition,
12:54to support them through the consolidation of the peace and security process,
12:59and to plan and explore with them the reasons,
13:03let's say, deeply related to the degradation of the socio-economic conditions,
13:07and to ensure that other departments of the African Union can intervene.
13:12So, there should be an institution of coordination
13:16through the Council of Peace and Security
13:18to work together with all African departments,
13:22departments linked to the regional economic community,
13:24and at the national level, together.
13:26Mohamed El Chikondi, in any case, through his position,
13:29Morocco reaffirms here its attachment to the sovereignty of African states.
13:35How to reconcile this imperative with the necessary external interventions
13:39to support political transitions without falling into interference?
13:46Yes, of course.
13:47Because, first of all, I think that this Moroccan approach is very important.
13:51Because we cannot, because the fact of maintaining an ensemble...
13:54So, first of all, there are principles of the African Union
13:57that are fundamental in respect of the insular mechanisms linked to democracy.
14:01The second element is that when the crisis degenerates,
14:04there should be support mechanisms.
14:07And when we talk about support mechanisms,
14:09we are not talking about interference,
14:11we are not talking about imposing preconditions on the countries.
14:14No, these countries sometimes express the need for support
14:18because they are countries, as I have just said,
14:20that are going through a lot of crises at the same time.
14:23Not to mention, now there is an internal crisis,
14:25not to mention what is happening internationally
14:28in relation to the emergence of a new generation of very complex crises
14:32that are in nature to shrink the budgetary space of the state.
14:37So, of course, these countries are in need of support.
14:40We know that Morocco has always played an important role
14:43in the operations to maintain peace.
14:45It has always played a very important role
14:47in relation to the active and perceptive solidarity
14:51with other countries of the continent.
14:53And Morocco is a voice that is understandable within Africa.
14:58In addition to the fact that it has just been elected
15:01to preside over the 57th meeting of the African Union Commission
15:06attached to the UN.
15:08So all this is very important.
15:10It shows that there is a demand.
15:12These countries are in demand.
15:13These countries are going through a crisis.
15:15So they need support.
15:17And not to mention that as a government,
15:19they need to be accompanied.
15:21Especially since most of the leaders of these countries
15:25recognize their continental affiliation
15:30and they affirm in their foreign policy
15:33the attachment to palafricanism in a way.
15:36So they need proximity with Africa.
15:40Perhaps this proximity in Morocco has just found a new formula
15:43since it does not sit in the center of the African Union.
15:46But they need this proximity to be accompanied.
15:50And we see that there are voices that rise up.
15:53Yes.
15:54Ramel Eshkoundi, thank you.
15:55Thank you for all these details.
15:57Thank you for answering our questions.
16:00We go back to Addis Abeba
16:05where it closed yesterday
16:07the 57th session of the Economic Commission for Africa.
16:11A session of the ministers of finance of our continent
16:14chaired by Morocco.
16:16On this occasion, a series of decisions and recommendations
16:19have been approved.
16:21They are mainly focused on the strengthening of the Economic Commission
16:25and the improvement of its role.
16:27The autonomization of African countries in trade
16:31and the promotion of payment exchanges
16:34in order to guarantee their decision-making independence.
16:37These recommendations also aim to strengthen the industrial areas
16:42by relying on the experience of Morocco in this area.
16:48Supported by the United States, Benyamin Netanyahu
16:50wants to settle everything by force
16:52and obviously does not intend to retreat
16:54after the resumption of the strikes on Gaza.
16:56For the Israeli Prime Minister, this is only the beginning.
16:59From now on, negotiations on the liberation of hostages
17:02still held in Gaza will only take place under fire.
17:05These are the words he said yesterday
17:07during a televised speech.
17:09He responded to the hostages' families
17:11who accused him of sacrificing their loved ones
17:13by ordering these intensive and murderous bombings
17:16costing the lives of 970 Gazans in 48 hours.
17:25In Yemen, the Houthi rebels claim
17:28to have carried out a fourth attack in 72 hours
17:32against the US aircraft carrier USS Hyde Truman
17:35in the Red Sea in response to American strikes on their country.
17:40Earlier, the Houthi media reported
17:43new American bombings targeting several locations
17:46under the control of the rebels
17:48which promise to intensify their military operations
17:52until the brutal aggression against Gaza ceases.
17:59Today, the Kremlin accuses Ukraine
18:02of going against the US efforts to settle the conflict
18:06by reproaching it for not immediately bending
18:09to the suspension of strikes against energy sites
18:12concluded the day before by Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin
18:15during a telephone interview on which Raja Ingo just came back.
18:22The US president and his Russian counterpart
18:25held more than an hour and a half.
18:28Donald Trump seeks to convince Vladimir Putin
18:31to cease hostilities in Ukraine.
18:33During this telephone conversation,
18:36the Russian president set the conditions
18:38for a ceasefire in Ukraine
18:40including the end of the country's rearmament.
18:43In this statement, Moscow says it has accepted
18:45a 30-day mutual break
18:47in the strikes on Ukrainian energy infrastructures.
18:51The Kremlin described in detail and frankly
18:54the conversation between the two leaders.
18:56Vladimir Putin said he was ready to work with the US
19:00on possible ways to settle the conflict in Ukraine.
19:03Ukraine has already accepted
19:05a 30-day unconditional ceasefire,
19:08a first step that Russia has not rejected.
19:11The head of Ukrainian diplomacy, Andrei Sibyga,
19:14said on Tuesday that Moscow had to accept a break
19:18without conditions.
19:19At the end of this exchange,
19:21the US president seems ready to discuss
19:23the granting of Russia
19:25five Ukrainian regions including Crimea.
19:28Donald Trump has already accepted Russian claims
19:31by judging, for example,
19:33the impossibility of maintaining
19:35the territorial integrity of Ukraine
19:37and its adhesion to NATO.
19:39As a first step, Russia and Ukraine
19:41will proceed on Wednesday
19:43to an exchange of 175 prisoners of war from each camp.
19:47In Turkey, where the mayor of Istanbul
19:49was arrested this morning,
19:51as well as more than a hundred of his collaborators,
19:54elected officials and members of his party.
19:56His party denounces a coup d'état against the opposition,
19:59the main opponent of Turkish President Erdogan.
20:02Ekrem İmamoğlu fell under the judicial procedures
20:06at his meeting.
20:07He was accused seven times of corruption.
20:09His arrest caused an immediate fall
20:12of the Turkish book,
20:13which broke the record of 40 books for 1 dollar
20:16and 42 for 1 euro.
20:21For the first time in more than a year,
20:23Congolese and Rwandan presidents
20:25have met.
20:26The face-to-face meeting took place yesterday in Doha.
20:30It was a surprise meeting
20:32under the mediation of the emir of Qatar
20:34to try to find a solution
20:36to the security crisis in the east of the RDC.
20:39Félicité Kédy and Paul Kagamin
20:41have engaged in favor of
20:43stopping the immediate and unconditional fire.
20:46This meeting took place
20:48while talks,
20:49boycotted by the M23,
20:51had to be held on the same day in Rwanda.
20:57It was predictable.
20:59After his Nigerian and Burkina Faso allies,
21:01it was the turn of Mali
21:03to knock on the door of the International Organization
21:05of Francophonie.
21:07For the Malian Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
21:09the country, I quote,
21:10can not remain a member
21:12of an organization
21:13that is incompatible
21:15with the constitutional principles
21:17based on the sovereignty of the state.
21:19End of quote.
21:23In Senegal,
21:24just last weekend,
21:25nearly 500 migrants
21:26have been arrested
21:27by security forces,
21:29which shows the persistence
21:31of the phenomenon
21:32of irregular migration in the country,
21:34from the call of human rights defenders
21:36to sustainable solutions.
21:38This is a report
21:39by Marème Adiop and Sheyana.
21:42The waves of irregular migration
21:44have resumed in Senegal.
21:45Authorities have intercepted
21:47nearly 500 migrants
21:48off the Senegalese coast
21:50during the weekend
21:51of March 14 to 15.
21:53The policies and other measures
21:55put in place
21:56do not discourage the candidates
21:58for migration.
22:00If I see a boat
22:02of fortune today,
22:04I will not hesitate to leave.
22:07Most young people in the country
22:09are unemployed.
22:10They go abroad
22:11in search of a better life.
22:13To have a visa,
22:14it is the cross and the banner.
22:16The government must facilitate
22:18regular conditions of migration.
22:23Associations of struggle
22:24against irregular migration
22:26are worthy of association.
22:28This is the case of Action for Human Rights
22:30and Friendship, ADHA,
22:32which has been fighting the plague
22:34since 2006.
22:36You know,
22:37some will take the pirogues.
22:38Others who have a lot of money
22:39will try to take
22:40like what happened not long ago,
22:42this migratory route
22:44by taking regular flights
22:46from Dakar to Nicaragua.
22:48After Nicaragua,
22:49it will be irregular.
22:51And others will take the road.
22:53And recently,
22:54we saw 33 Senegalese
22:56who came back,
22:57who were stuck in Niger
22:59for almost six months.
23:01At the time we speak,
23:02there are practically 50 Senegalese
23:05who are still stuck in Niger
23:07in extremely difficult conditions.
23:09They were expelled from Algeria
23:11and in conditions,
23:13once again, inhumane.
23:14For these observers,
23:16this new episode
23:17highlights the inefficiency
23:18of the measures
23:19put in place
23:20to curb
23:21the migratory phenomenon
23:22in Senegal.
23:23What we recognize
23:25is a change of paradigm.
23:27It is necessary,
23:28this re-founding of politics,
23:31to see our educational system,
23:33to see our system
23:35of insertion of these young people,
23:37because young people
23:38just want to migrate
23:39for better futures.
23:41Because they think
23:42that by staying in this country,
23:43they will not succeed.
23:44And our statistics say it.
23:46In 2001,
23:47we conducted surveys.
23:49And these surveys proved that,
23:51which were published,
23:53these reports,
23:54which proved that
23:55out of four young people,
23:56three young people
23:57want to leave the country
23:58as soon as they have less.
23:59Because they think
24:00that by staying here,
24:01despite discovering
24:02all that is gas and oil,
24:03they will not succeed.
24:05And out of these three young people,
24:071.2 are young people
24:08who already have the mass of 2.
24:10And these figures
24:12were confirmed
24:13by our national agent
24:14of statistics and demographics
24:15who say that
24:16every year,
24:17there are 300,000 new young people
24:18who knock on the door of employment.
24:20There are only 30%,
24:2110% who are taken,
24:22which becomes the remaining
24:23290,000.
24:25Senegal is one of the main
24:27starting points
24:28for thousands of candidates
24:29for irregular migration.
24:31So far,
24:32the policies put in place
24:33have not given
24:34the expected results.
24:38Welcome back to the kingdom.
24:40If you are in Tangier,
24:42you have certainly noticed
24:44the city of Detroit
24:45is submerged
24:46by monster traffic jams,
24:48especially a few hours
24:49before the break of fasting.
24:51Between a slap in the face
24:52and frustration,
24:53Mohamed Richi and Dinam Rini
24:54took the wheel for us.
24:59Demographic explosion,
25:01transformation into an industrial hub,
25:03attracting a workforce
25:04coming from different cities,
25:06adoption of new organizations
25:08in circulation and transport,
25:10Tangier faces a big challenge,
25:13the monster traffic jams.
25:15The multiplication of these traffic jams,
25:17especially during the month of Ramadan,
25:19gradually suffocates the city,
25:21to the point of making driving
25:23almost impossible.
25:25This situation causes frustration
25:27among some drivers,
25:29who propose to adapt
25:30road infrastructure
25:31to the challenges of mobility.
25:37The city of Tangier
25:38has experienced massive traffic jams
25:40during the month of Ramadan.
25:42I think this is due to the fact
25:44that school leave schedules
25:46coincide with those of administrations
25:48and factories.
25:49Traffic agents do their best
25:51to make driving
25:54more fluid.
26:08The congestion in the streets of Tangier
26:10is intense,
26:11and the city's infrastructure
26:13is unable to absorb
26:14the excessive number of cars.
26:16We often encounter serious traffic problems
26:18due to traffic jams,
26:20which make the task difficult,
26:23I prefer to ride a motorcycle
26:25to avoid this phenomenon
26:27and save time.
26:31According to the civil society,
26:33the efforts to deploy
26:35road axes and various infrastructure projects
26:37show their limits,
26:39because they are not able
26:41to absorb the increasing number
26:43of vehicles driving in the city.
26:45Other difficulties are raised by these actors,
26:47such as the considerable weakness
26:49of urban transport.
26:53The city's infrastructure
26:55is unable to support
26:57this number of vehicles
26:59that exceed the capacity
27:01of road absorption.
27:03There has been a massive influx
27:05of cars since 8 am
27:07until midnight or more.
27:09Those responsible for the sector
27:11should quickly find solutions
27:13to avoid these traffic jams,
27:15especially as we are preparing
27:17for international demonstrations.
27:20The fight against traffic congestion
27:22is a major issue
27:24for the sector's professionals.
27:26Improving infrastructure,
27:28such as widening roads,
27:30opening alternative routes,
27:32and setting up new parking
27:34are among other solutions
27:36to avoid the multiplication
27:38of traffic jams.
27:41This is the end of this newscast.
27:43Thank you for following it.
27:50I
27:51hope
27:52you
27:53enjoyed
27:54it.