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00:00I'm Chiko-chan, nice to meet you.
00:05Hello, I'm Chiko-chan.
00:08I'm Chiko and I'm 5 years old. Nice to meet you.
00:11Nice to meet you.
00:13First, the original member.
00:15When she goes abroad, she brings a lot of sweets from Japan.
00:19Mayuko Kawakita.
00:23Long time no see.
00:24Long time no see. I missed you.
00:26Nice to meet you.
00:29That was fast.
00:31And the other one is...
00:33He's been practicing baseball for 5 years.
00:36Kun Abareru.
00:38Nice to meet you.
00:40You're a referee, right?
00:42That's right. I recently made my debut as a referee.
00:45I was praised for my voice.
00:48Your voice.
00:49Nice to meet you.
00:52Okamura, who is the best shopper among us?
00:57I love shopping.
01:00I love shopping, but I'm not good at it.
01:03Do you often go to department stores?
01:05Yes, I do.
01:06Where is the department store?
01:09It's in the basement.
01:10Why?
01:12Why?
01:14Why is the department store in the basement?
01:23Why?
01:24I want to know the reason.
01:26I don't want to know.
01:29Why?
01:32Have you ever wondered why the department store is in the basement?
01:42There are a lot of food in the department store.
01:46Yes.
01:47Don't you think the basement is cold?
01:49Yes.
01:50The basement temperature is low, so the electricity bill is low.
01:56Yes.
01:57Don't ask me.
02:00I was scolded.
02:02I don't want to save electricity.
02:04That's not true.
02:07There are a lot of food in the department store, right?
02:09Yes.
02:10If there are a lot of food, do you cook?
02:13Yes.
02:14Do you use fire to cook?
02:16Yes.
02:17Okay.
02:18Do you use fire to cook?
02:22That's not true.
02:26I think it's a summary of what you said earlier.
02:33No.
02:34I can't summarize what you said earlier.
02:38You can't?
02:40No.
02:42What kind of setting is this?
02:45Now, I will ask all Japanese citizens.
02:50Why is the department store in the basement?
02:53I want to know.
02:54I asked people who were shopping in the department store.
02:58I've never thought about it.
03:02I've never thought about it.
03:04I think it's because there is a counterfeiter in the basement.
03:09The temperature in the basement is related to food.
03:15So it's hard to get food.
03:19That's right.
03:20I don't know why the counterfeiter is in the basement.
03:23I said, this is delicious.
03:25I was told that I bought it.
03:27I was asked which one was delicious.
03:29I pointed at it.
03:30I was told that I bought it.
03:32There are many Japanese people.
03:35I didn't know that.
03:36Let's notice that she cut her bangs.
03:39I didn't know that.
03:41I didn't know that.
03:43That's amazing.
03:44I didn't know that.
03:45I didn't know that at all.
03:46However, Chiko-chan knows.
03:49The reason why the counterfeiter is in the basement is because...
03:52The counterfeiter is not allowed to sleep.
03:56What?
03:57What?
03:58The counterfeiter was not allowed to sleep in the past?
04:03Because the counterfeiter was not allowed to sleep.
04:07That's amazing, Chiko-chan.
04:08You know that when you are 5 years old.
04:11Let's go to the counterfeiter with me next time.
04:14I will.
04:15The person who tells me in detail is the vegetable bread marketer,
04:19Mr. Takehisa Hiruchi, who is in charge of various counterfeiter products.
04:23Now, this is a famous counterfeiter in the department store.
04:29Originally, it was a supporting role in the department store.
04:33The first counterfeiter was born in Japan.
04:36It is said that it is a food store called Tozai Meibutsugai,
04:39which was built by Matsusaka and Nagoya stores on the first floor of the basement.
04:43This is the first Japanese counterfeiter.
04:48In the basement space, they collected famous stores in Tozai,
04:52and treated youkai, tsukudani, and youyashi.
04:56In the basement of the department store at this time,
04:59there were no counterfeit goods such as side dishes and bento.
05:04Then why was the food store placed in the basement?
05:09In the first place, the Japanese department store was born
05:12after the renewal of the Shinisei Gofuku store,
05:15and the main product was mainly Gofuku.
05:18Many of the Shinisei department stores you know were originally Gofuku stores.
05:23In other words, the main products of the department store were medical goods and clothing.
05:28I see, I see.
05:29I prepared a diagram here.
05:31On the first floor of the building, there are small items such as cosmetics, shoes, and bags.
05:37And on the second floor, Gofuku, which is the main product, was placed.
05:42On the third floor above that, accessories such as metal were placed.
05:47In other words, Gofuku, which is the main product of the department store,
05:50was placed in the center of the building so that customers can see the fashion-related floors,
05:55such as clothes, underwear, and clothing.
06:00Furthermore, on the fourth and fifth floors, there are stores such as furniture and stationery.
06:05The cafeteria is placed at the top floor so that you can enjoy your meal while looking at the scenery.
06:11No, it's true, but the scenery is good.
06:14The amusement facilities such as the observatory and zoo were placed on the roof.
06:19It hasn't changed much.
06:20Now it's full from the first floor to the roof.
06:24However, the first floor of this remaining basement wasn't actually a selling place.
06:28When the department store was built, the first floor of the basement was a storage room.
06:33What?
06:34Storage room?
06:35Really?
06:36When the department store first appeared,
06:38in Japan, it was a custom since the Gofuku period that tatami mats were laid on the floor,
06:43and it was prohibited to sleep in the building.
06:46Therefore, at the entrance of the department store,
06:49a person in charge of keeping the underwear called the basement board was in charge.
06:53Customers were entering the store after leaving their underwear at the entrance.
06:58The underwear was stored in the basement storage room,
07:02and when they left the store, the staff would turn it back to the exit.
07:05This was the mainstream in the department store.
07:08I didn't know that.
07:11However, this system caused confusion at the entrance,
07:15and it became a problem in the department store all over the country.
07:19So Matsuakaya decided to move to the basement storage room in 1924.
07:24Then you don't need to keep your underwear.
07:28Do you know what happens then?
07:30You don't need to keep your underwear.
07:32You don't need a basement storage room.
07:34That's right.
07:35You're participating a lot.
07:37I'm sorry.
07:38The basement floor, which used to be a basement storage room, was vacant.
07:42To make use of this vacant space as a storage room,
07:47they placed food, kitchen utensils, and water dispensers, which had nothing to do with the main Gofuku.
07:56In this way, a part of the basement floor was vacant,
07:59and food was placed in front of the department store.
08:04However, the main focus of the department store was Gofuku fashion,
08:10so the food was not expected to sell well.
08:14I see.
08:15Then how did the department store, which was such a supporting role,
08:19climb to its current flower-shaped position?
08:23In the background of the rise of the department store,
08:25there was a lot of good luck because it was in the basement.
08:29What?
08:30Here is the story of the rise of the department store.
08:35First of all, around 1930.
08:38At this time, the number of customers who come to the basement began to increase.
08:43What is it?
08:44It's a subway.
08:46The first good luck of the department store is the popularity of the subway.
08:51In 1927, the subway was born in Toshin,
08:55and what was done to expand the line was to build a station in front of the department store.
09:02By having the department store bear the cost of building the station,
09:05the subway will succeed in extending the line.
09:09On the other hand, in the department store,
09:11because the station of the subway and the basement of the department store are connected,
09:15more and more customers enter the department store using the entrance to the basement.
09:19Well, of course.
09:20That's right.
09:21Customers who use the subway will come to the food store from the entrance to the basement.
09:29I see.
09:30And in the second half of the 1980s, Japan entered the bubble era.
09:37At this time, due to the change in the system of society,
09:40it brought even more good luck to the department store.
09:43This is the Equalization of Men and Women Employment Opportunities Act.
09:46I know.
09:47This is the Equalization of Men and Women Employment Opportunities Act.
09:50In 1986, the law was enacted to provide equal opportunities for companies
09:56regardless of gender in employment and promotion.
10:01As the number of women working increased,
10:03people's lifestyles were chosen to choose financial burden over time burden.
10:09As a result, the demand increased.
10:12I see.
10:14I understand.
10:16I really understand.
10:18Because it doesn't matter if it costs money,
10:20in line with the needs of customers who are looking for food that is already cooked,
10:24food floors are expanded in department stores across the country
10:28to enrich the ingredients.
10:31In addition, where are the water pipes and gas pipes necessary for cooking the ingredients?
10:36They are in the basement.
10:38That's right.
10:39The reason why we were able to provide food floors
10:42was because they were in the basement where the infrastructure was easy to prepare.
10:46I see.
10:47Easy to prepare infrastructure.
10:50The basement of the department store was suitable for the installation of a kitchen
10:54that required food processing and manufacturing,
10:57so that the infrastructure such as water and gas could be easily prepared.
11:01That's right.
11:03That's right.
11:13I see.
11:15That's right.
11:19I see.
11:20Why?
11:32That's why the department store became interested in food floors.
11:37For example, let's say you buy a 1,000-yen bento at a department store.
11:41It's a luxury, isn't it?
11:42It's a luxury.
11:43It's a luxury.
11:44Yes.
11:45Can you buy food at a department store for 1,000 yen?
11:49No, you can't.
11:51Food floors are not expensive in department stores,
11:55but they are still easy to reach and you can see the number of customers.
12:00The department store basement, where you can enjoy luxury for 1,000 yen,
12:03has developed further due to the collapse of the bubble.
12:06He's a genius.
12:07In the food floor, you can get imported goods from overseas,
12:11or you can attract customers with a tuna disassembly show,
12:14and so on.
12:18In 2000, a large-scale renovation of the food floor was carried out
12:21at the Ote department store in Shibuya,
12:25and a new department store was rebuilt,
12:28incorporating popular sweets and other food trends.
12:31Various media such as magazines and TV are paying attention to it.
12:35The word department store has spread all over the country,
12:38and a huge department store boom has taken place.
12:41Now, a quarter of the department store sales are dominated by food.
12:47In other words, since the department store was built on an empty basement,
12:52Chiko was the lucky owner of the department store.
12:57By the way, is there anything that made you lucky recently?
13:02When I went surfing in Chiba, no one was there,
13:05so I was really able to keep Inami alone.
13:08Wow, it was a surfer.
13:11So, the reason why the department store basement is in the basement
13:14is because the department store is not allowed to sleep.
13:18Chiko, what do you usually buy at the department store basement?
13:22Stir-fried squid and celery.
13:24It looks delicious.
13:26That's it.
13:28It's interesting.
13:29Right?
13:30It's a three-leaf clover.
13:32If you are quiet in the second and third part, I'll get angry.
13:38Can the adults answer properly?
13:41If you live without thinking about anything,
13:44Chiko will scold you.
13:46Don't live without thinking!
13:59Hey, Okamura.
14:00Yes.
14:01Who is the adult who likes bread the most?
14:04Bread?
14:05Abareru-kun, Asawa.
14:07I think it's rice.
14:08I see.
14:09It's rice cooked with agama.
14:10Then, it's Abareru-kun.
14:11Why?
14:12I want you to look at this.
14:14Do you know what this is?
14:16I know.
14:17Croissant.
14:18Croissant is this shape, right?
14:21Yes.
14:22Why?
14:24What?
14:25Why is croissant this shape?
14:30What?
14:32This shape...
14:35Well...
14:42Croissant has a unique shape even among bread.
14:46Have you ever thought about why it became this shape?
14:51Yes, I have.
14:52Go ahead.
14:53Because the oven is limited,
14:56to bake more,
14:58I combine them like this.
15:00I got it.
15:01Don't live without thinking!
15:04I see.
15:05I thought so.
15:08It doesn't matter if it's a square.
15:11Right?
15:13If you say so.
15:15You're right.
15:17Now, we ask all Japanese people.
15:21Why is croissant this shape?
15:25We asked people who eat croissant.
15:29What?
15:30Why?
15:31Is it because it's in my pocket?
15:33I don't know.
15:34It's cute.
15:35Did you step on it?
15:37Did you step on it?
15:39Why is croissant this shape?
15:42I wonder how you felt when you ate croissant for the first time.
15:46My father is talking about the old days.
15:50He's a good father.
15:51When I ate melted cheese for the first time,
15:54I had a backache.
15:56Mr. Morita.
15:59What?
16:02However, Chiko knows.
16:05The reason why croissant is this shape is
16:08because it won the war against the Ottoman Empire.
16:13The Ottoman Empire?
16:14The Ottoman Empire?
16:16I've heard of the Ottoman Empire.
16:20Because it won the war against the Ottoman Empire.
16:23What do you mean?
16:25As expected, Chiko.
16:26You're five years old, but you know that.
16:29You have a lot of knowledge like a croissant.
16:32I'm Chiko.
16:33The fifth person to tell us in detail is
16:36President Masanobu Udagawa,
16:38who is familiar with French culture and history.
16:42Nice to meet you.
16:43Croissant is a bread with a crispy texture
16:47that is sandwiched between butter and many layers of dough.
16:52The shape is like a crescent moon and a star.
16:56This crescent moon is the reason why I was born.
16:59Croissant.
17:00Then, what is the reason for this shape?
17:03There was a miracle in the birth of croissant
17:06that was caused by the Austrians.
17:12Austrian old story
17:18My boy is a good boy
17:24Where am I?
17:30Croissant story
17:32What is this voice?
17:33A long time ago, more than 300 years ago,
17:38in the 17th century, it was about Austria.
17:42There was a baker in a town called Wien.
17:48I'm so busy.
17:50I have to bake bread every morning.
17:52I'm so busy.
17:54I have to knead, bake, knead, bake.
17:57I've been busy for years.
18:00It was still early in the morning.
18:03He was preparing bread with great effort.
18:10One night,
18:14I couldn't get out of the bakery.
18:21You'd better be careful.
18:23What are you talking about?
18:26What are you talking about?
18:31Then, he heard a strange sound from the wall.
18:34What is it?
18:37What?
18:38Didn't you hear anything?
18:40Is it just my imagination?
18:42What?
18:43I didn't hear anything.
18:45By the way, your ears are very long.
18:51At that time, Austria was in the middle of a war with the Ottoman Empire.
18:59At that time, the Ottoman Empire was a huge empire that conquered from America to Europe.
19:05In 1683, they launched an offensive to encircle Wien.
19:12While the Ottoman Empire encircled the city of Wien with a large number of troops,
19:17the Austrian army continued to be in poor condition for more than two months due to the hard defense.
19:23The Ottoman Empire, which was hit by the harsh defense of the Austrian army,
19:30That's right.
19:32We should dig a tunnel to the underground of the Austrian army and crush it at once.
19:40But won't we be found out soon?
19:43That's not a problem.
19:45We should dig a tunnel while everyone is sleeping.
19:49Let's do it together.
19:53In this way, the underground tunnel operation was carried out by the Ottoman Empire at midnight when the Austrians were asleep.
20:04But...
20:05I can't reach the bread at all.
20:07I can hear something strange.
20:10What's that sound?
20:12I can hear it, too.
20:14What's that sound?
20:17The tunnel of the Ottoman Empire was dug by a baker who happened to be in the basement.
20:28Hey, it's getting bigger and bigger.
20:31It's creepy.
20:33I'll report it to the baker.
20:37The baker reported to the army just in case.
20:41When I was eating bread in the basement, I heard a strange sound.
20:46What's that?
20:48I'm scared.
20:51Oh, really?
20:55I'll check it out.
20:57I'll go to the bakery.
21:00Then, there was...
21:02Hey, hey.
21:03I found it.
21:04What?
21:05Did you dig a tunnel?
21:07I think I cut my hair.
21:08Why did you find out?
21:10I'm Remini Water.
21:13Thanks to the baker's report, the Austrians stopped the invasion of the Ottoman Empire.
21:21I can't find Mr. Takahashi.
21:23He's the baker who noticed the sound of the tunnel.
21:29Really?
21:31The baker?
21:33That's amazing.
21:35In commemoration of this victory, let's make a special bread.
21:41At that time, the emperor was making the final decision.
21:45The bread was highly praised, and the emperor was given the right to make a new bread.
21:52The baker made a new bread in commemoration of the victory of the Ottoman Empire.
21:59Emperor, I made a new bread.
22:03What? Really? How is it?
22:06Mr. Takahashi, check!
22:08It's not Mr. Takahashi.
22:10What is this shape?
22:12Why is it like this?
22:14The bread made by the baker was crescent-shaped.
22:19I made it into the shape of the moon of the emperor because it was a celebration bread bought by the Ottoman Empire.
22:27It's good, isn't it?
22:29What are you doing?
22:31This is the flag of the Ottoman Empire at that time.
22:35The bread was made by imitating this crescent-shaped mark.
22:39It seems that this bread also contained the meaning of eating the Ottoman Empire.
22:46This crescent-shaped bread is thought to be the prototype of the croissant.
22:52This croissant was named Kiffern, which means crescent moon in German.
23:01However, this Kiffern seems to be a little different from the current croissant.
23:07Hello, I'm Sailor.
23:09Sailor made the bread for the Austrian baker.
23:14He made the dough with flour, salt, sugar, and margarine.
23:19Hold the dough with your left hand and roll it with your right hand.
23:24That's how you make it.
23:26Put the end inside and it will be in the shape of a Kiffern.
23:31Apply egg to the surface and bake in the oven for 10 minutes.
23:37Yes, it's done. It's a Kiffern.
23:41Huh? It's quite different.
23:43It's different.
23:44Let's cut it.
23:46It's not a croissant at all.
23:48It's like this. It's like a roll bread.
23:51Yes, it's a roll bread.
23:53It's a little sweet and delicious.
23:56So how did this Kiffern become the current croissant?
24:02It was named Marie Antoinette, who was from Austria.
24:09Marie Antoinette, who came to the French king Louis XVI in 1770.
24:16She brought many people from Austria, including doctors, hairdressers, and carpenters.
24:22Some of them were bread makers.
24:25Antoinette was told that the bread in the shape of a crescent moon,
24:29which she ate with wine, could not forget the taste of Kiffern.
24:32So she ordered to make it in the Palace of Versailles.
24:35It was said that it was transmitted from Austria to France.
24:38And time has passed.
24:40In the late 1830s,
24:43a bakery in Paris sold Kiffern,
24:47and it became well-known among French people.
24:51And the croissant was made with this Kiffern in the early 20th century.
24:56It was made by a Parisian craftsman.
24:59In a French cookbook published in 1915,
25:04there is an item called croissant,
25:07which introduces a method of layering the same dough as it is now.
25:12From Kiffern to croissant.
25:14We don't know who came up with the idea,
25:18but Kiffern, who was familiar with Austria, has evolved,
25:22and now it is spread all over the world.
25:25The name of this bread, croissant,
25:28means crescent moon in French.
25:31In other words, croissant was born in Austria,
25:34and it is a bread grown in France.
25:37Is there a way to prevent croissant from spilling?
25:41No, there isn't.
25:43How is it?
25:45It's spilling.
25:47It's spilling.
25:48It's okay.
25:49It's okay.
25:50So, the reason why croissant is in this shape
25:53is because it won the war against the Ottoman Empire.
25:57Chico, have you ever won recently?
26:00Yes, I broke the dial record that I forgot the number.
26:04What?
26:05684.
26:08Abarel, how was it?
26:10It was like Kouji's solo concert.
26:12It was great.
26:13I saw something wonderful.
26:15It would be nice if it was alive.
26:17Croissant has crescent moon and star shape,
26:21but there was a difference originally.
26:25Can you see it?
26:27What?
26:28In France, the croissant made of margarine was crescent moon,
26:32and the croissant made of 100% butter was star shape.
26:39So, some stores still make croissant in that way.
26:42So, star shape croissant is more expensive?
26:44Yes, it is.
26:45It depends on your preference.
26:49It's a difficult corner.
26:53What is it?
26:54It's a corner to do interesting phenomena related to the body.
26:57It's easy for everyone in front of the TV,
26:59so please try it.
27:01This time, it's from Uematsu Hirotomo, 37 years old.
27:06If you rub your fingers at the same time with other people's fingers,
27:09what kind of unpleasant phenomenon will it be?
27:12With my fingers?
27:14Okamura and Mariko,
27:17please put your index fingers on each other's fingers.
27:21On each other's right fingers.
27:23It's E.T.
27:24Okamura, rub your index fingers on each other's fingers.
27:30Like this?
27:32How is it?
27:33I feel something strange.
27:36What is it?
27:37It's not my hand.
27:40It's like rubbing a normal stick.
27:42I don't feel anything.
27:43It's like a normal stick.
27:45What do you mean?
27:46It's not my hand.
27:48It's like rubbing a stick.
27:50Mariko, rub your index fingers on each other's fingers.
27:53How is it?
27:54It's unpleasant.
27:55What is it?
27:56It's unpleasant.
27:57It's unpleasant.
27:59Wait a minute.
28:00I don't feel anything.
28:01I don't feel anything.
28:02You can't do anything.
28:04Prof. Tatsuo Sakai of the Department of Health and Medicine at Juntento University will explain.
28:11When you rub your fingers and other people's fingers at the same time,
28:14the reason you feel unpleasant is the confusion of the brain.
28:18Confusion of the brain.
28:20The human sense is that the right hand is the left brain and the left hand is sent to the right brain.
28:27From the rubbing left hand,
28:29you can feel two fingers touching the right brain.
28:34From the index and middle fingers of the right hand,
28:36you can feel only one finger being rubbed on the left brain.
28:41The brain is confused by the wrong information of the left brain and the right brain,
28:46and it feels unpleasant.
28:48That's why.
28:50That's right.
28:51I lost my sense of my fingers.
28:54Do it again.
28:56Do you feel unpleasant?
28:57I didn't do anything.
28:59We are still looking for more questions.
29:01We are waiting for your questions.
29:11I want to be more funny.
29:15Hey, Okamura.
29:16Who is the most handsome man who reads books?
29:21Can I say something?
29:23I don't read that much, but I think I have to read it.
29:26Okamura, can you read this?
29:28I'm not good at kanji.
29:30Don't you know?
29:31I don't know how to read it, but I can read it.
29:33You're not a Yubaba.
29:34I'm not a Yubaba.
29:35I thought you were a Yubaba.
29:37I thought so.
29:38Can you read this?
29:41Yutanpo?
29:42Yes.
29:43It's called rubi.
29:47Yes.
29:48Why?
29:50Why is it called rubi?
30:05Have you ever thought about the reason why it's called rubi?
30:12This is related to Taiga.
30:15In the Taiga drama, teachers write kanji.
30:21It's very difficult to read.
30:26There was a great actress who said,
30:29I don't know how to read this.
30:31She said...
30:35The poem is wrong, but it's a bonus.
30:38It's boring.
30:41Now I will ask all Japanese people.
30:45Why is it called rubi?
30:49I recently asked people who couldn't read the word rubi.
30:54You don't have to say that.
30:56Why is it called rubi?
30:58Build in English.
31:00Rubi.
31:01Build.
31:02Build words.
31:04Is it?
31:06I thought it was some kind of abbreviation.
31:13Why is it called rubi?
31:19There are many Japanese people who can easily accept the lyrics of the song.
31:26This is...
31:30This is...
31:31I don't know the meaning.
31:34I don't know the meaning.
31:36Thank you, rubi.
31:38Amazing.
31:42Is that so?
31:43But Chiko knows the meaning.
31:46The rubi in the Furigana is a ruby of a jewel.
31:54I thought so.
31:57Thank you for your applause.
32:00The poem was wrong, so there was only an answer.
32:03That's right.
32:06The ruby of a jewel.
32:09As expected of Chiko.
32:11You are 5 years old, but you know such a thing.
32:14Your eyes are sparkling like ruby.
32:16Mr. Murakami is shining.
32:18Professor Shinji Honno, who is familiar with Japanese history, will tell us in detail.
32:25The ruby in the Furigana is actually a ruby of a jewel.
32:31It is from the late Edo period.
32:34There is a person named Shozo Motoki, who is called the founder of modern printing.
32:39This person holds the key.
32:42Shozo Motoki was born in Nagasaki in the late Edo period.
32:46He translated books and manuscripts imported from the Netherlands.
32:51While I was working as a translator in Dutch, I had a lot of opportunities to interact with manuscripts.
32:57I think I was interested in the technology of paper printing.
33:02Paper printing is a technology that combines metal and other materials to turn them into paper.
33:09It is possible to make a large amount of the same print.
33:13Around 1450, a printing machine was invented in Germany.
33:18The technology of paper printing spread to Europe.
33:22Shozo Motoki also saw the wave of paper printing in the Netherlands.
33:29However, in Japan in the late Edo period, the technology of paper printing was not yet widespread.
33:36This is the mainstream of Japan at that time.
33:40It is a technology called semi-permanent printing that craftsmen dig one by one by hand.
33:47Because humans dig one by one, the output varies depending on the craftsman.
33:53Comparing Dutch and Japanese manuscripts at that time,
33:58Dutch manuscripts were like handwritten letters carved by craftsmen,
34:03while Dutch manuscripts were like unified letters lined up neatly.
34:09At the end of the 16th century, the technology of paper printing was transmitted to Japan.
34:14In Japan, paper printing was also used a little.
34:17For example, if you want to make an alphabet, you can make a 26-letter kanji.
34:22In the case of Japanese, you need a lot of kanji to make hiragana.
34:28It was difficult to make kanji, so it didn't stick.
34:33However, Shozo was impressed by the quality of Dutch manuscripts.
34:37He imported the printing machine himself,
34:41and learned printing technology from William Gamble, an American printer.
34:48Shozo, who learned the technology of paper printing, established a printing company
34:53and built a printing house in Osaka and Tokyo.
34:57At the beginning of the Meiji era, paper printing was mainly used in newspapers.
35:04In fact, ruby is closely related to paper printing for printing newspapers.
35:10Why?
35:12The percentage of people who can read and write in Japan at the end of the 20th century is about 48%.
35:19For that reason,
35:21I published a small newspaper with hiragana and ruby on all kanji.
35:27This is the actual small newspaper.
35:31There are hiragana and ruby on all kanji.
35:36What I want you to pay attention to is the size of the letters.
35:40At that time, Shozo decided to use a letter size of 5, which has nine sizes when printing newspapers.
35:48Among them,
35:50The size of 7 was used for the hiragana of the newspaper.
35:54This was called ruby in the United States.
35:58Why?
36:01Why is it called ruby?
36:15For that reason, in Europe and the United States,
36:18the size of the letters was called by the name of religious books.
36:31This is a religious book.
36:34This is called paika.
36:36In English, it means the Tenets of the Ten Tribes.
36:41Paika is a book that marked the beginning of religious rituals in medieval Europe.
36:48This was called paika because it was the size of the letters used for printing paika.
36:57In addition, the size of the letters was called by the name of religious books.
37:02In addition, the size of the letters was smaller than the breviary.
37:05The name of the jewel was used for less than 8 points.
37:10Do you know what this kanji is called?
37:13Is this ruby?
37:16No, it's an emerald.
37:19I see.
37:21You look happy.
37:23Is this ruby?
37:25No, it's a diamond.
37:27A diamond? Why?
37:30This is the ruby that was actually used.
37:33I see.
37:35Then why was it called a jewel?
37:39I don't know the details,
37:41but rubies have also appeared in the Old Testament.
37:45The kanji is small,
37:47so I think the name of the jewel came from the fact that it was small.
37:53Let's compare the size of the kanji ruby and the old New Testament jewelry number 7.
38:04The ruby and the number 7 are almost the same size.
38:22I see.
38:29At first, the size of the letters used in the jewelry number was called ruby,
38:34but it was eventually called ruby.
38:39Is there any jewelry number that impressed you the most?
38:44In the song Dream and Magic Country by Southern All-Stars,
38:50this is the ruby that impressed the teacher.
38:57My baby.
38:58She has a jewel called My Baby,
39:02and it's a little shocking.
39:04It's an English name.
39:06So the ruby that impressed her the most was the ruby of jewels.
39:12Chiko, what do you cherish like a jewel?
39:17The Matsui Hideki doll from the Jankis period.
39:21Chiko, you like baseball.
39:23I also write the word ROKE and read it as TATAKAI.
39:27Oh, that's cool.
39:29You look like you're going to win.
39:33Even if I won, the camera wouldn't come to me.
39:36I couldn't breathe at all.
39:38I couldn't breathe at all.
39:42Chiko, we have a lot of gifts for you.
39:45Thank you, everyone.
39:47Today's gift is from Tomochi, who lives in Kyogen.
39:54It's a stylish checkered shirt.
39:56And it has pockets.
39:59I see.
40:00It has pockets on both sides.
40:01There's something in it.
40:02There's something in it.
40:03Can I take it out?
40:04Isn't it okay?
40:05It's like a handkerchief.
40:06It's a handkerchief.
40:07Wow.
40:08It's cute.
40:09It's my own.
40:10It was surprisingly good.
40:12All right, then.
40:14Giza Giza Heart's Komori Uta.
40:18It's a checkered shirt.
40:19It's a checkered shirt.
40:20It's nostalgic.
40:21I don't mind if it's a necklace, but I'm a fan of Takamoku.
40:24Takamoku.
40:25You're a Takamoku fan.
40:27Yes.
40:28Well, today I'm going to tell you the secret to getting through the exam season.
40:35Is it okay?
40:36It's like a teacher.
40:37The day before the exam, you should watch Korean dramas, play games, and stay up all night.
40:42No, no, no.
40:43You should go to bed early.
40:44You look sleepy.
40:46If you study all night, you'll be impatient, so you'll lose the peace of mind of some of the other students.
40:52I think you're losing it.
40:53And write the name of the proposal at the very end.
40:56Isn't it the first one?
40:57If you're not good at it, I recommend you write the name of a student you know.
41:01I don't know.
41:02There are two pieces of paper with the same name on them, so think about it.
41:05If you do it well, you can retake the exam.
41:08It's impossible.
41:09You can't do it.
41:10It's impossible.
41:11There's an exam number.
41:12That's right.
41:13Until you pass the exam, you should be confident that you've passed it.
41:17If you don't pass, no one will scold you because you're so pitiful.
41:21I see.
41:22You're pretending.
41:23That's how the teacher is here now.
41:28I'm the teacher on the other side.
41:31Please be careful.
41:32Please do it the other way around.
41:34Please be careful.
41:35Yes, please.
41:36Here's the letter.
41:39Nanami Hida
41:415 years old x 2 years old
41:44Hello, Chiko.
41:45Hello.
41:46I'm always curious when I wake up in the morning.
41:50Yes.
41:51Why do you remember dreams and don't remember them?
41:55Please tell me.
41:57That's a good question.
41:58That's true.
42:00Do you have any dreams that you remember?
42:04My mom said she'd buy me a cake.
42:07I bought a bun.
42:08I complained about the cake.
42:10She said,
42:11The bun is a cake, isn't it?
42:14Why?
42:15That's funny.
42:16Information from an expert.
42:19Chiko, please.
42:23When I'm sleeping, I repeat REM sleep and non-REM sleep.
42:27I'm dreaming while I'm sleeping,
42:30but I often have a clear dream when I'm REM sleep.
42:34So when I wake up in REM sleep,
42:37I often remember my dreams.
42:41I don't remember much, either.
42:44You don't remember?
42:45I really don't remember.
42:47Chiko,
42:48I've seen three idols in a row.
42:52That's amazing.
42:53It's the best dream.
42:54What's your dream?
42:55It's a three-story apartment.
42:57When I open the door on the third floor,
42:59I see Yuu Hayami.
43:01When I open the door on the second floor,
43:02I see Higemi Ishikawa.
43:04At the bottom,
43:05I see Io.
43:08It's a group of 82-year-olds.
43:10It's a group of 82-year-olds.
43:12Yuu Hayami.
43:14The first idol I went to see was
43:16at a supermarket called Izumiya in the neighborhood.
43:19Izumiya.
43:20At the supermarket,
43:21I saw a supercar and Yuu Hayami.
43:24A supercar?
43:25That's not a dream, is it?
43:27It's not a dream.
43:29I really saw them.
43:30It was like a dream.
43:32I see.
43:33Anyway,
43:35it doesn't matter if it's a chat or anything.
43:36Please send it to me.
43:38I'd like to have a video.
43:40Please subscribe.
43:44I turned on the washing machine,
43:45but I forgot to dry it.
43:46I had a dream that I would wake up in three days.
43:48What would you do?
43:50The person who washes it again
43:52is the type of brainwashed person who decides that there was no failure.
43:55I can't trust you because you repeat the same mistake.
43:58The person who dries it as it is
44:00is the type of brainless person who doesn't think failure is failure.
44:02I can't trust you because you only say,
44:04It's okay to consult your worries.
44:07Which one can you forgive?
44:09Let's ask your lover before you get married.
44:13Both of them are bad results.
44:15We'll find out later.
44:17Bye-bye.
44:19I'm going to be scolded by Chiko-chan next time.
44:23I'm Morita, a narrator.
44:26When I look at the food sample in front of the cafe,
44:29I just want to touch it.
44:31Especially the pancake.
44:33Maybe that's real.
44:35Next time,
44:37Why do I feel cold when the temperature rises when I have a fever?
44:41The other two.
44:43Please watch the next video.
44:46Please subscribe to the channel.