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Explore diverse ecosystems, witness the behavior of magnificent creatures, and gain insight into conservation efforts around the globe.
Whether you're a nature enthusiast or simply curious about the wonders of wildlife, these expertly crafted documentaries promise to educate, inspire, and entertain.
Follow now and embark on a journey to discover the beauty and complexity of our planet’s natural heritage.
:
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• Wildlife is suffering.
Wildlife on planet Earth is under siege from all sides, facing down habitat loss and the impact of climate change. Some of the biggest threats to wildlife include illegal wildlife trade, habitat destruction, invasive species, pollution, and climate change.
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AnimalsTranscript
00:00Although the reasons are very diverse, in reality animals, like human beings, engage
00:13in conflict chiefly for five reasons.
00:17One reason is to achieve power, dominance and supremacy.
00:31Many animal species, including humans, live in complex structured societies.
00:44In groups of varying natures, all-powerful leaders make the most life-impacting decisions
00:49on everyone's behalf.
01:02The position of head of the clan is highly coveted.
01:05Usually comes with wide-ranging privileges in terms of eating, sleeping and reproducing.
01:15Being human, baboon or wolf is not easy.
01:26Wolves live in complex societies in which each individual must fight to achieve and
01:30maintain its position.
01:33It's a permanent and exhausting struggle.
01:41The sophistication and efficiency of wolf society has earned it the apex spot among
01:46northern hemisphere predators.
01:51This is how they can take down large prey such as wild boar and red deer.
02:19Once the prey has been caught, the power disputes begin.
02:39Wolves are extremely hierarchical animals.
02:43Each individual has its very specific rank, a fact that is never more clearly observed
02:48than when the pack eats.
02:55This is a pyramidal society with one absolute monarch, whose authority is rarely questioned,
03:01reigning at the top.
03:07So leaders look for allies within the pack, making clear who is in charge through a range
03:12of admonishments that include growls, snarls and on occasions, physical altercations that
03:18may end with blood being drawn.
03:30Sometimes the most antagonistic individual, probably not well liked within the clan, ends
03:35up feeling the business end of the whole group's powerful canines.
04:05Amongst the large herbivores, the concept of dominance is gauged simply by force and
04:31nowhere is this truer than on the African continent.
04:42More or less ritualized skirmishes decide who is the boss.
04:49African buffalo live in complex societies led by a group of dominant individuals.
04:59In order to achieve power, they must train and fight from when they are very young.
05:10The herd's future leaders will emerge from such adolescent scuffles.
05:40And so herds of African or Cape buffalo are led by a small coterie of males, all well
05:45acquainted with each other.
05:51The highest ranking adult males lead in a kind of council of elders.
05:56This is the best way to survive a life lived at the mercy of the king of the savannah.
06:06The dominant buffalo, locked in an eternal conflict on the African plains, two powerful
06:13societies forever engaged in their daily struggle.
06:23And often the buffalo, with their fearsome bands of brothers, put the lions to flight.
06:33The clan of felines knows that discretion is the better part of valor when faced with
06:38a group of herbivore leaders on the charge.
07:03In some animal societies, the battle for dominance lasts literally a lifetime.
07:25From almost the moment you are born until the day you die.
07:34This is the case of Chacma or Cape baboons.
07:40These primates form clans of dozens or even hundreds of individuals, all ruled over by
07:46one large male.
07:54No one dares challenge the position of leader unless they are very sure of themselves.
08:06That said, under the umbrella of the overlord supremacy, young males are in a constant state
08:12of confrontation with the aim of climbing the primate social ladder.
08:22From very young they confront each other, engaging in prolonged shoving matches and
08:27pursuits.
08:36These war games serve to test each other and establish relationships of dominance and finally
08:42prepare them in the fight to be boss.
08:50In baboon society, no one comes to power without the backing of a court of loyal followers.
09:08Physical strength clearly has a huge part to play in questions of hierarchy.
09:21A loser lies prostrate on the Pacific coast of Chile.
09:36A South American sea lion has lost his last fight and in the process, his life.
09:43But exhaustion rather than his rivals has probably killed him.
09:51During the mating season, large male sea lions establish their little kingdoms on beaches
09:56among the rocks where they install their harems of females.
10:04To obtain such a prized territory, you have to fight off many rivals.
10:18His position of superiority is always at stake, and so during this time, he barely rests and
10:24never eats.
10:32Rivals put the commanders of the coastline to the test.
11:02Achieving and maintaining power is a never-ending question of struggles, alliances and wars.
11:18Leaders have access to the best locations, the most nutritious food and the best chances
11:23for their offspring.
11:26But leaders throughout the animal kingdom must not only defend their own status, but
11:31also the territory that they and their clan inhabit.
11:35Territory is the home, the place where animals rest, find food and have their children.
11:45Many animals are very territorial.
11:48Each must define, protect and defend their little kingdoms against invasion from outsiders.
11:54Their very survival depends on it.
12:12Violeteas, the genus of hummingbirds, bright and beautiful as emeralds, cute and small
12:17as toys, are in fact both as fast as lightning and extremely combative in temperament.
12:45All hummingbirds need super-energy foods in large quantities, so a significant part
12:50of their day is spent searching for flowers from which to sip their sugary nectar.
13:06The small territory of the Violeteas is a permanent humming battlefield.
13:17The owner of each bit of space must expel its competitors over and over again to prevent
13:23its supplies of fuel being stolen.
13:42Fights to eject the freeloaders that invade territories and branches where they rest are
13:47not only incessant, they are far more violent than meets the naked eye.
14:47Away in another jungle in the heart of the Amazon region, the air throbs with a similar
14:52noise, the buzzing of bees busy with their daily chores.
14:58Curiously, the bees have made their hive right up against a huge tropical anthill.
15:04However, it seems that bees and ants are friendly neighbors.
15:13It is until something disturbs their peaceful coexistence, a monkey shaking the branches
15:20as it moves through them.
15:34But instead of the monkey up above, the ants set upon their unprepossessing insect neighbors,
15:39the bees.
15:40A praetorian guard of bees stands firm against the first wave of ants, but the combat has
15:49only just begun.
15:59In an instant, a terrible fight to the death ensues.
16:04Thousands of ants against dozens of bees.
16:08The fight seems utterly one-sided, but the bees have a perfect strategy.
16:13A tight cordon of fighters mercilessly decapitates the advancing ants.
16:38The battle leaves hundreds of bodies on the ground, but the bees have once again saved
16:44their little piece of the forest.
16:48The air of Central America throngs with magnificent frigate birds, excellent flyers that live
16:54largely on the wing, snatching food from the surface of the sea.
17:13Frigate birds fly en masse, looking for food as they do so.
17:17They will fight over fish, and they reproduce in large, boisterous colonies.
17:25During the mating season, males look for easily visible places, and then, in groups of a dozen
17:31or more, put on a dazzling show for the females watching them from the sky.
17:43And the small, land-based territory occupied by suitors becomes a curious little battlefield.
18:01With their scarlet throat pouches inflated and trembling like balloons, males attract
18:07the females flying above.
18:26But these colorful displays often also draw the eye, and the beak, of jealous neighbors.
18:44The attacker is literally trying to burst his rival's beautiful red bubble, and so
18:50prevent the females from noticing him.
18:54But when under attack, magnificent frigate birds defend themselves magnificently.
19:03The attacker ends up being hooked, and gets what he deserves from his determined neighbor.
19:15In no more than one square meter of territory, mating couples are decided, disputes resolved,
19:23all joined, wars won and lost.
19:31A third reason for conflict between animals is what, in human terms, we call love.
19:43Attraction and reproduction are two very potent driving forces in the animal world.
19:48Intense, often breathtaking, and on many occasions very aggressive behavior is a common symptom.
20:12Flamingos come together for breeding and to participate in a series of spectacularly synchronized
20:18dances that help them channel the tension generated by reproductive passions, whilst
20:24at the same time form a defensive colony.
20:43But despite efforts to manage such an outpouring of energy in a civilized way, there are times
20:50when battle becomes unavoidable.
21:13In this case, one of the male hopefuls is attacked by a group of roustabouts.
21:22The suitor has no choice but to flee.
21:36Far away, high up in the rugged mountains that tower over the Mediterranean forests,
21:42another conflict of interest begins with the onset of the colder days of autumn.
21:59On the sheer rocky outcrops of the Sierra de Gredos, Iberian ibex, Spanish wild goats,
22:06face deadly dangers every day.
22:09But right now, those risks are heightened.
22:15An urgent, new, and cyclical question is added to the perils of living in their vertiginous
22:21mountain home.
22:23During the mating season, vertigo in the heights and vicious horns are the twin prongs of a
22:29daily dilemma.
22:39When in heat, males focus all their energy on driving away any rival.
22:51And that leads to more than just a bout of head-scratching.
23:09They smash into each other in rutting contests that can last for hours.
23:38The Sierra shudders with the sound of the head-on collisions of rivals, blinded to
23:43all except the reproductive impulse.
24:03And yet, despite the ferocity of the fighting, there are never casualties, although maybe
24:08a fair few headaches.
24:16At the foot of the mountains, in Mediterranean home oak groves, as the amorous zeal of the
24:21goats abates, some very scandalous birds keep the flame of passion alight.
24:38Cranes
24:45Common or Eurasian cranes spend the winter among the Iberian home oaks, feeding on acorns
24:51and tender shoots.
24:54As winter starts to recede, it's time to think about returning to the north.
25:04It's also time for lovers and pretenders tiffs.
25:19Their iconic, suggestive courtship dances take place against the backdrop of home oaks.
25:30Males proudly display their plumage.
25:32They stretch their necks and trumpet loudly.
25:44The most ardent males noisily face up to each other.
25:48The tension increases.
26:03Females look on without wishing to seem too interested.
26:12At the climax of the show, the males finally jump and attack each other.
26:42On the beaches of the Valdez Peninsula in Argentina, southern elephant seals rest.
27:04They spend only a couple of months each year on land in order to reproduce.
27:20Only a few males are able to maintain a harem.
27:23They do so only once in their lives, so at that time they must fight without rest.
27:33Each male must defend his group of fertile females.
27:41Judging by their appearance, male elephant seals would seem to be capable of the fiercest
27:46combat in the natural world.
28:06In reality, however, determination is the most important thing.
28:11Shouting and pushing intimidates most competitors.
28:21And it certainly helps if you can really throw your weight around and back up your verbal
28:25threats.
28:32Titanic males weighing up to four tons smash into each other to establish priority when
28:38it comes to passing on their genes.
28:44And once he has driven off his rivals, a male will focus on his females in a display of
28:50surprisingly tender affection.
29:05Love, sex, violence, an explosive recipe, and one not only seen in Hollywood.
29:33Back-flanked rock wallabies swarm over the ancient rocky outcrops of Australia.
29:43These little kangaroo-like marsupials are usually very peaceful, until the script turns
29:50to sex and ignites their passions, that is.
30:11The mating season for rock wallabies is a free-for-all boxing match.
30:15No rights or rules in this bout.
30:18The gloves are off, and anything goes.
30:48Flying kicks, punches, slaps, and scratches, and one male emerges victorious.
31:44In a no-limit street fight like this, serious injuries are incurred.
32:09The loser can come off very badly indeed.
32:16As well as sex, power, and territory, in terms of pure survival, the most elemental fight
32:22is to obtain food.
32:27But not all warriors are fearsome carnivores.
32:33Dinosaurs still roam the rocky Canary Island of Tenerife, or at least their modern-day
32:39cousins do.
32:43Gran Canaria giant lizards can reach up to 80 centimetres in length.
32:53But despite their terrifying and primitive appearance, they're almost exclusively vegetarians.
33:07Summer here is extremely hot.
33:09The sun scorches the lava fields the island is formed from, and the vegetation dries up.
33:17The scarcity of resources is the trigger for a pitched battle for succulent hydrating fruit.
33:27These fights are often not particularly well-matched.
33:30Larger individuals are usually stronger and faster.
33:36In this setting, reptile Goliath invariably defeats reptile David.
33:43The larger lizards harass and chase their smaller cousins, and so can get at the most
33:48nourishing portions of food.
34:14The struggles between species are limitless when it comes to feeding.
34:23The Atacama Desert is a place for only the hardiest of ascetics.
34:34Even the parched remains of a dead guanaco can be a banquet for the desert's few opportunists.
34:41A culpeo, or Andean fox.
34:49The desiccated skeleton of the guanaco has barely any flesh left on it.
34:54Nevertheless, this is an unburied treasure in the middle of the desert.
35:11It will provide enough protein to keep the fox fed for several days.
35:20But this culpeo is not the only one in the neighborhood.
35:24Several relatives want to join the feast.
35:38The problem is establishing the correct order at the table.
35:42The hungriest and strongest enjoy the food first.
36:03For the concept of finders keepers to prevail, the finder has no choice but to defend the
36:09loot from the other foxes.
36:24The discoverer's peaceful meal is over.
36:27Before the fox can continue eating, it has to remind everyone of the hierarchy at mealtime.
36:35And this sometimes leads to dangerous fights.
36:55The fifth and final motivation in the fight for survival is the family.
37:01Family is everything for many animals.
37:06The survival of each individual depends on the family, and the family itself depends
37:11on the bonds that unite all its components.
37:23It really is a case of all for one and one for all in conflicts that test the strength
37:28of the family and the strategies it employs in the fight to survive.
37:39Wild boar live in clans made up of mature females, the great matriarchs of the species,
37:45young individuals and infants.
37:49In these close-knit communities, they roam the countryside and forests in search of food.
37:57Although as adults they're respected for their ferocity in battle, the young are often
38:02in the crosshairs of large predators such as wolves, lynx and eagles.
38:12A tasty suckling piglet is a temptation for any hunter.
38:21For this reason, the powerful matriarchs are ever vigilant.
38:24With the first sign of danger, a warning bellow puts the entire herd on alert and on the hoof.
38:54One sow goes head-to-head with the wolf, and the herd is saved.
39:24And not only are the piglets saved, but she even manages to emerge victorious herself.
39:53In Patagonia, tens of thousands of Magellanic penguins nest on the beaches.
40:23It's a massed land invasion in the form of a camped beachhead of small trenches where the penguins make their nests,
40:34lay their eggs and raise their broods.
40:37Coming together to form breeding colonies offers the penguins protection,
40:47but at the same time causes conflict between families.
40:52Bitter disputes arise over partners, nesting spots and even offspring.
41:14The tension in the colony is as palpable as it is audible.
41:19Clashes between neighboring couples are frequent.
41:26Rivals will lash out at each other and even duel with daggers drawn.
41:30Their sharp, powerful beaks are dangerous.
41:58And sometimes even fatal.
42:02And yet despite such tragedy, many penguins manage to raise their chicks.
42:07They provide warmth while they're small, with both parents taking turns to feed their precious charges.
42:14And so the vast majority will survive.
42:21On the same beaches, elephant seals have a very intense infancy.
42:30Their mothers will take care of them for just a month.
42:33But in that time, their milk is so nutritious that each day the youngsters gain between four and five kilos of fat.
42:43Theirs is a short and happy childhood that abruptly comes to an end after 30 days,
42:49when their mothers return to the sea to replenish their strength and never come back.
43:01The abandoned pups gather together near the water's edge, creating self-governing creches
43:07where they spend their time playing and familiarizing themselves with the sea.
43:27And in that sea, close by, other mammals look after their offspring for several years
43:33in family groups that remain very close their whole lives.
43:38Orcas, killer whales, with the females looking after and teaching their offspring to feed themselves and also to hunt as a team.
43:54The orcas take advantage of the moment when the young elephant seals approach the shoreline alone to teach some hunting techniques.
44:04This is the most crucial moment in the lives of both species.
44:09Orcas learn to hunt from their mothers.
44:12Elephant seals have to learn to flee or defend themselves alone.
44:19The killer whales have the experience and support of the family, and that drives them on.
44:35The young and inexperienced elephant seal has everything to lose.
44:50The orca calves have the opportunity to catch a large prey essential for their continued survival now and in the future.
45:20But fortunately, so many seal pups are born each season that the sacrifice of a few allows the rest to survive.
45:42The struggle between life and death that the seal pups face symbolizes the quintessential balance in nature.
45:51Every animal, each species has its own particular tools and strategies to enable it to meet its vital needs and satisfy its desires.
46:01Life is an unending series of events impelled and governed by competition.
46:08Guerrilla fighting or open warfare.
46:21In the battle for territory, supremacy, family, food and sex, everyone has their own reason for being wild fighters.