Panas bumi, merupakan energi hijau yang paling layak dikembangkan sebagai ‘tulang punggung’ transisi energi nasional. Selain untuk menuju pencapaian target net zero emission 2060, hal ini juga menjadi sumber energi baru terbarukan yang stabil. Karena energi panas bumi berperan penting dalam mendukung transisi energi Indonesia, dan mengurangi ketergantungan pada sumber energi konvensional.
Sebagai perusahaan energi hijau kelas dunia, PT Pertamina Geothermal Energy Tbk (PGEO) memiliki kapasitas dan potensi besar, sebagai motor penggerak dalam pengembangan panas bumi di Indonesia. Seperti apa inovasi dan adopsi teknologi pengembangan energi panas bumi di Indonesia?
Sebagai perusahaan energi hijau kelas dunia, PT Pertamina Geothermal Energy Tbk (PGEO) memiliki kapasitas dan potensi besar, sebagai motor penggerak dalam pengembangan panas bumi di Indonesia. Seperti apa inovasi dan adopsi teknologi pengembangan energi panas bumi di Indonesia?
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TVTranscript
00:00Indonesia International Geothermal Convention and Exhibition 2024.
00:14I am Prisa Asompodatu in this special dialogue,
00:17we are live from Jakarta Convention Center
00:20in Indonesia International Geothermal Convention and Exhibition 2024.
00:26Talking about green energy, this hot earth exhibition has a great potential
00:31to create a more sustainable energy sector in Indonesia in the future.
00:36How far can this PGE or Geothermal Energy Exhibition
00:43contribute significantly in Indonesia?
00:46This is what we discuss in this special dialogue.
00:48And this is the complete special dialogue for you.
00:57Green Energy
01:00Talking about green energy,
01:04hot earth is considered as the green energy that is most suitable to be developed
01:09as the backbone of the transition of national energy.
01:12And this is done as a step towards achieving the net zero emission target in 2060.
01:19Before we go further, let's take a look at the information first.
01:26Hot earth is the green energy that is most suitable to be developed
01:31as the backbone of the transition of national energy
01:34towards achieving the net zero emission target in 2060.
01:40Where hot earth is a stable renewable energy source,
01:45reliable and plays an important role in supporting the transition of Indonesian energy,
01:49while reducing dependence on conventional energy sources.
01:56The Director-General of PT Pertamina Geothermal Energy, T.B.K. Julfi Hadi, said
02:02that Indonesia has a total hot earth potential of 24 gigawatts
02:07or equivalent to 17% of global reserves
02:10and the second largest after the United States
02:14with most of the reserves being high quality sources
02:18that are very suitable for generating electricity.
02:21In addition, for every US$1 investment in the green business sector like hot earth,
02:28will be able to produce an increase in gross domestic product
02:32reaching US$1.25,
02:36which can provide significant benefits for the Indonesian economy.
02:42Not only that, around 70 to 100 jobs are predicted to be created
02:48for every US$1 million investment in the hot earth sector.
02:58Although the potential is very large,
03:00currently there are only 2.6 gigawatts or around 11% of Indonesia's hot earth resources
03:07that have been used.
03:09This shows that there is still a lot of room and opportunity
03:13for the future of hot earth investment.
03:18Various sources of IDX Channel
03:48Mr. Yanni, how are you?
03:58Alhamdulillah, very extraordinary today, Mrs. Prisang.
04:01Thank you for joining us.
04:03We want to discuss the 2024 Indonesia International Geothermal Convention and Exhibition
04:10on the development of hot earth energy.
04:14It can be said that PGE is the main player in Indonesia,
04:20even a world-class company.
04:23How is the development so far?
04:26We are taking concrete steps to develop hot earth in Indonesia.
04:31Currently, we are one of the largest developers in Indonesia and the world.
04:37The current installation capacity is 672 megawatts.
04:41And we have a target in the next 1-2 years to increase the capacity to 1 gigawatt.
04:48In the next 2-3 years, it will be 1 gigawatt.
04:54And now 672 megawatts.
04:57The hope is that in 2030 we will reach 1.5 gigawatts.
05:03This is the concrete step we are taking.
05:06If you attend this event, you can see the signing of the Cogen project,
05:13or the binary generator,
05:15the addition of 40 megawatts capacity up to 230 megawatts,
05:18one of the programs to reach 1 gigawatt.
05:22At the end of this year, we will try to add 55 megawatts from the Lumut Balai project.
05:28We also have other projects that will wait in the next 2-3 years
05:33as our concrete steps to reach the targets we mentioned earlier.
05:38Mr. Yanni, is it already included in the new paradigm that is being implemented by the PGE right now?
05:46Yes, we know that Indonesia is very rich in the world's hot earth potential.
05:5340% of the world's geothermal potential is in Indonesia.
05:57But currently only 11% is being utilized.
06:01Why? Because one of the issues is the economic project.
06:05Or the ERR of this project has not yet met the development expectations.
06:11We, Pertamina Geothermal Energi, offer a new model paradigm
06:16in the development of geothermal business right now and in the future.
06:22With this paradigm, we hope that the ERR can be leveraged to the economy
06:28to achieve the expectations we want.
06:30In a simple way, in this paradigm implementation, we divide it into two.
06:35There are internal and external.
06:37The implementation of this paradigm is on the internal side.
06:40Later I will explain more about the implementation.
06:42On the external side, in supporting the achievement of ERR according to the development expectations,
06:48there are our stakeholders.
06:50For example, the government will regulate the tax and incentive.
06:56This is very helpful in achieving the ERR that meets the expectations.
07:02Then there is the financing side.
07:04For example, soft loan and green financing.
07:07From the external side, this combination is also very much expected to help leverage the economy.
07:14Let's go to the internal side.
07:17We are not passive, so we have to be proactive.
07:20Proactive in terms of development.
07:22How to make our efforts as much as possible to improve the economy of this geothermal business.
07:30So in the paradigm model that we offer, there are two approaches.
07:34The first approach is to reduce the cost of investment through the implementation of proven technology.
07:42We apply the proven technology so that we can reduce the cost per megawatt for this development.
07:49With the existence of proven technology, we can have efficiency, acceleration.
07:56For example, with the implementation of ORC technology or the Kogen project that we do.
08:03So by using technology, with the existing capacity, we can maximize it.
08:09We can maximize it without having to do the process from the beginning.
08:12Doing the process of exploration development.
08:14That is one of the approaches.
08:16Okay, Mr. Yanni. But is the investment in this technology also not significant?
08:23If compared to doing the process from the beginning.
08:27So if the development of the geothermal business is to generate electricity.
08:31Almost 50-60% of the investment is in the steam field.
08:37In terms of preparing wells for the development of the geothermal business.
08:43So that's the biggest.
08:45With the existence of technology, this is one of the ORC or binary that I mentioned.
08:50We no longer need to do the wells exploration from the beginning.
08:54With this, we have a cut cost investment and there is acceleration.
08:59Well, the process of wells exploration also needs time.
09:01This is also there.
09:02With the existence of, without having to do the wells exploration, we can cut the cost of time.
09:08Save less time.
09:10It can be up to 2-3 years.
09:12To reduce the time to get an increase in production.
09:17That's it.
09:18That's from the first approach, reduction of investment costs.
09:22Is there a comparison between wells exploration replaced by technology that you said is more efficient?
09:31Is there a comparison of how much percent the operational cost is reduced?
09:36Yes.
09:37It can be said, from our conventional business, from existing production,
09:43we can up 20-30% of the production capacity.
09:49And the investment that we don't have to do from the beginning, we have to do the wells exploration,
09:55as I explained earlier.
09:57One of the biggest investment in the Binis Geothermator project is to prepare the production wells.
10:03Okay.
10:04What is the second paradigm?
10:06We will discuss it later.
10:07Let's go further.
10:09Okay.
10:11And Mr. Mir, stay with us in Special Dialogue.
10:13We will discuss it, of course, with the Director of Geothermal Energy Department, Usai Jedah.
10:28Stay with us, Mr. Mir.
10:29And we will discuss the potential and concrete steps of the Geothermal Energy Department
10:36for the development of geothermal energy in the water with Mr. Ahmad Yani, the Director of Geothermal Energy Department.
10:42Okay.
10:43Mr. Yani, you mentioned about two paradigms.
10:47One of them is efficiency and acceleration with the use of binary technology.
10:53Can you elaborate further, Mr. Potensi, what is the potential of binary technology?
10:59Yes.
11:00The application of binary technology.
11:02So, it is very open, very wide for binary.
11:06Because for now, the use of geothermal energy in Indonesia is still focused on high entropy.
11:11So, it is still in the conventional stage.
11:14So, there is still a chance for all geothermal fields in Indonesia,
11:18we can increase or extend the capacity by using binary technology.
11:25So, indirectly, some areas can directly increase the capacity to 20-30% with binary technology.
11:34Okay. With binary technology.
11:35With binary technology.
11:36It means that this technology can be brought from outside to Indonesia, local manufacturing.
11:41We will discuss this in the second paradigm.
11:46So, the second paradigm of business model that we know in the future of geothermal development is business diversification.
11:54In this business diversification, PGE, we make two focuses.
11:58The first focus is to make local manufacturing.
12:05So, to bring technology from outside, we build it in the country.
12:11One example is this binary technology.
12:14So, this binary technology, if we break it, 20% is from the turbine side,
12:2220% is from the heat exchanger side, 20% is the cooling, 40% is the EPCC.
12:30Yesterday, in this IGCC, we did a collaboration to start manufacturing with Multifab, with LNUSA,
12:39there is a company called LNUSA and TBK,
12:42to start manufacturing from the heat exchanger side and the cooling system.
12:48So, it has started?
12:49It has started. We have started the joint development agreement on the way.
12:54So, we have cooperated with our partner in EPCC.
13:00We have done the signing yesterday.
13:02So, these three components we can do it in the country.
13:07So, it's just the turbine.
13:08Soon, it will start manufacturing.
13:11Our hope is that this binary technology can be 100% done in the country.
13:18So, the TKDN will be higher.
13:20So, the positive impact will be very big.
13:23So, our hope is that with the TKDN, with our stakeholders, we can get incentives.
13:29So, there are two sides, internal and external, can be combined,
13:33to increase the economy and development of the geothermal business in the future.
13:37Why external and internal?
13:39Because this requires collaboration with various parties, of course.
13:43So, for the main component, especially in Kamojang, Ulub-Ulub, Lahendong,
13:51those are the biggest right now, right?
13:53So far, it's still conventional?
13:56It's still conventional.
13:58Where the cost is quite high, compared to binary, right?
14:02Yes, we will see the opportunity.
14:04So, one of the things we signed yesterday with PLN for the development of binary project,
14:10for the Lahendong and Ulub-Ulub area, there are 40 MW,
14:15there are still projects up to 230 MW that we can develop for this binary.
14:20Actually, there is still a chance.
14:22Besides local manufacturing and implementation of the technology,
14:26what kind of diversification?
14:29The news is that you want to do diversification in the future?
14:32As mentioned earlier, there is local manufacturing, the first focus.
14:35The second is new stream revenue from beyond energy product, we call it.
14:40So, in the future, maybe some people know that geothermal is only electricity.
14:45So, in the future, geothermal business is not only limited to electricity,
14:50but more than that, beyond electricity.
14:52So, we can talk about energy.
14:57From the energy side, we can develop green hydrogen, green methanol,
15:02or in Iceland, if you search on the internet, vulcanol.
15:06That is one of the forms of energy that can be environmentally friendly,
15:09we can use it for fuel.
15:11In Iceland, the tourist destination, is that?
15:14Also, one of the things we will do there, one more form of use of beyond energy,
15:20we can build geotourism.
15:22We already have it. For example, the pilot project.
15:25Have you thought about it?
15:26Yes, we have thought about it.
15:27The pilot project that we have monitored for a year is in Lahendong.
15:32We call it Laulau Geopark in Lahendong.
15:37So, we use geothermal heat energy to build tourism.
15:41How is the pilot project so far?
15:43Can it be visited by the local community?
15:46For stakeholders, related parties, for development, we are like a showroom.
15:52To see, this is it, geothermal has the potential to be developed.
15:55So, in pilot, we are close.
15:57Later, we will enter the next stage for commercial.
16:00So, we already have...
16:02If the map, we already have certain points for commercial development.
16:07That has tourism potential.
16:08Because we know, in general, geothermal areas are very beautiful.
16:12Very close to tourist destinations.
16:15So, for tourism promotion, visiting there,
16:17there is no need to work hard.
16:19Because there will be visitors.
16:20We just need to prepare the place, they will definitely come.
16:24So, they will come to the tourist destination.
16:27Wow, like...
16:29I imagine it will be like Iceland.
16:31Blue Lagoon Iceland.
16:33For green hydrogen, methanol, lithium,
16:38how is the development or supply?
16:44Especially hydrogen.
16:45We have a pilot project in Ulu-Ulu.
16:49We are in the process of pilot project.
16:52Hopefully, from here, we can see what is the next step.
16:56There is a process in Indonesia.
16:59Hydrogen, what is it?
17:02The economic value.
17:03But, the world is heading there.
17:08We see this potential.
17:09We have a chance.
17:12Because geothermal potential in Indonesia,
17:14from Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi,
17:17Sulawesi is very...
17:20can create a hub.
17:23To create a marketplace.
17:28To create a market.
17:30To create a new market.
17:33A challenge and a chance.
17:36A chance.
17:37So, it can be directed there.
17:41So, it depends on the economic value.
17:44For now, it is not there yet.
17:46But, if there's someone offering a premium price,
17:51why not?
17:52Because our position in Indonesia is very strategic.
17:55We have cooperated with TEPCO, NEDO,
17:57with our supporting, PNRE, in North Sulawesi.
18:00They have surveyed the opportunity for green hydrogen.
18:04Who knows, we'll build green hydrogen in North Sulawesi,
18:07export to Japan, Singapore, Australia, and other places in the Pacific.
18:11But, our big potential from diversification to green hydrogen,
18:14hydrogen, methanol, lithium,
18:15which one has the biggest potential so far?
18:17In your opinion.
18:21So far, we're still in the study stage.
18:23But, in the study stage.
18:25Actually, we're looking for many opportunities
18:28for business development,
18:30diversification of business
18:33from the development of Beyond Energy.
18:36What's the target?
18:37When can we reach the target?
18:40We're just starting.
18:42There's still a lot.
18:44There's for product drying,
18:47such as coffee, palm sugar,
18:49it's already on the way.
18:50So, there's using palm sugar from geothermal,
18:53palm sugar export in North Sulawesi,
18:55export to European market.
18:57So, with eco-label,
18:59using clean geothermal energy,
19:01the selling value will be high.
19:03Our coffee is being harvested
19:05from companies to export.
19:08From geothermal coffee.
19:09Like direct use?
19:11Yes, from direct use.
19:13Okay, Mr. Yanni.
19:14We'll talk about it later.
19:15You're the director of operation.
19:17Making sure that the operation of geothermal production
19:20which is done has no negative impact
19:22on the environment.
19:23What's it like?
19:24We'll stop for now.
19:25We'll stop for now.
19:26It's getting more interesting.
19:27We'll be back with the last segment.
19:29Stay tuned for the special dialogue.
19:41Geothermal Energy
19:47From geothermal energy.
19:49Mr. Yanni,
19:50how is it related to other challenges?
19:53For example, competition with
19:55other renewable energy.
19:57For example, nuclear maybe.
19:59How is it?
20:00Yes.
20:01Geothermal is an environment friendly energy
20:05that has advantages
20:07compared to other environment friendly energy
20:09like water, sun, wind.
20:14Because we're baseload.
20:16So, it can last 24 hours.
20:19It doesn't depend on weather, temperature, season.
20:22This is the advantage of geothermal.
20:24So, it's equivalent to nuclear.
20:27Equivalent to nuclear.
20:29But, each of them...
20:31Maybe you can analyze it yourself
20:34how is the comparison between nuclear and geothermal.
20:38For now, we have a huge geothermal potential.
20:42Environment friendly energy
20:44from a very low risk side.
20:47Maybe, in my opinion,
20:50geothermal is a suitable energy
20:53to bring green energy to our energy system.
20:59Okay.
21:00We agree that it's suitable
21:02because we're high quality, right?
21:05High quality.
21:07High quality.
21:09But, in terms of...
21:10You talked about the paradigm.
21:12It's more like how PGE picks up the ball.
21:15But, in terms of economy,
21:17which is said to be more expensive
21:19compared to other green energy,
21:21what's your opinion?
21:22Green energy?
21:24Yes.
21:25So, in terms of economy and project,
21:27everyone has a pattern.
21:29A way out to find the value of economy
21:31according to the expectation of each developer
21:33in developing energy.
21:35Including the binary earlier.
21:36Yes. Including the binary earlier.
21:37The efforts that we do
21:39with a certain price from the government,
21:41we're looking for an effort to achieve
21:44according to our expectation.
21:46So, again,
21:48collaboration with all parties
21:50that we divided into internal and external.
21:53So, we're not just silent.
21:55We're trying to be proactive as much as possible
21:58to do whatever effort we can
22:00to improve our business economy.
22:02So, as I explained earlier,
22:04the paradigm that we've mentioned,
22:06the geothermal business that we do,
22:10let's say the conventional business.
22:13So, in terms of the conventional business
22:15that is currently underway,
22:17there will be several other businesses
22:19that will be run together.
22:21So, the geothermal business,
22:23there will be CO2 liquefaction business,
22:26there will be tourism business,
22:28there will be business that run together.
22:31So, run together,
22:33will eventually give added value
22:36to increase the economy of the main business.
22:39So, the geothermal business that we do
22:41will become a way.
22:42Maybe in the future,
22:44the main business will be defeated
22:46by the subsequent businesses.
22:48Why not?
22:50But, Mr. Yanni,
22:52this is a different sector.
22:54When it's a little bit
22:56investment outside the core,
22:58sometimes there are challenges
23:00that haven't been predicted.
23:02How do you mitigate those things in the future?
23:08Challenges and obstacles,
23:10for something that we don't know yet,
23:12there must be.
23:13But, those things won't
23:15extinguish our spirit.
23:16So, the challenges,
23:17we try to make it an opportunity.
23:19This is the mindset
23:21that we always plant in our team,
23:23especially in PGE.
23:24Together, we look for,
23:26see challenges or obstacles
23:29as an opportunity.
23:30This is what we're doing right now.
23:32The investment is not small.
23:34So, the financial position
23:36of PGE right now is still extraordinary.
23:39Yes. This is one of the
23:41strengths or challenges
23:44that we have compared to others.
23:47What we need to know is,
23:48we have a large volume
23:50in terms of resources.
23:51We have a large captive market.
23:53Our resources are large.
23:54Up to 3 gigawatts that can be developed.
23:56Then, we are part of
23:59Pertamina.
24:00High aviation.
24:02Our resources from Singgung,
24:04the quality is high. High enthalpy.
24:06Then, the distribution is close to
24:08PLN's electricity network.
24:10So, it's easy for us to develop.
24:12We can do it faster.
24:13Then, the financial is strong.
24:15You still have a lot of IPO left.
24:18Yes.
24:19From the last IPO, if I'm not mistaken,
24:219 trillion, right?
24:22Yes.
24:24Lastly,
24:26related to how PGE
24:28ensure that the heat production operation
24:30is not negative to the environment.
24:32That's our main concern.
24:34So, we have 40 years of experience.
24:3740 years in managing
24:39this geothermal business.
24:40So, it's not a new thing for us.
24:42So, when we are together,
24:44there are stories related to geothermal,
24:46negative things related to geothermal.
24:49Those are things that,
24:50in my opinion, are out of the ordinary.
24:52So, indeed, for new things,
24:54usually,
24:56we get some kind of
24:58retraction or something.
25:00But it's our job together to educate the people.
25:03And I think for the future of geothermal,
25:05to educate the people is an easy thing.
25:07Because we already have the proof.
25:09The 40 years we've been doing it.
25:10We just need to bring it to Kamojang.
25:12How to see Pertamina manage geothermal well.
25:15We grow together with the people.
25:17Yes, Jirating.
25:19Proper, gold.
25:2013 times in a row.
25:22That's one thing that
25:24I think the negative things related to geothermal,
25:27we can...
25:28Hopefully, with this special dialogue in IDX channel,
25:30it opens our eyes more.
25:33Related to the potential of
25:35hot earth in Indonesia as a green energy
25:38that is the most sustainable in the world.
25:40And the target of this 1 gigawatt PGE
25:421 gigawatt.
25:43Will be achieved soon.
25:45Good luck for PGE and also for Mr. Ahmad.
25:48See you again.
25:51And that's it for this special dialogue.
25:52I hope this can be a reference,
25:54a source of information for your investment portfolio.
25:57I'm Prisa Somodhatu.
25:59Thank you and see you again.