Avez-vous déjà entendu parler d’éclairs bleus mystérieux se produisant dans l’espace vide ? Les scientifiques ont observé ces éclairs étranges et ne sont toujours pas entièrement sûrs de ce qui les cause. Ils sont extrêmement puissants mais ne semblent pas être liés à des étoiles ou galaxies connues. Certains experts pensent qu'il pourrait s'agir d'un nouveau type d'événement cosmique que nous n’avons jamais vu auparavant. Ils enquêtent encore, mais ces éclairs bleus tiennent certainement les passionnés d’espace en haleine. C’est comme si l’univers organisait une fête surprise, et nous essayons encore de dresser la liste des invités ! Animation créée par Sympa. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nos réseaux sociaux : Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/ Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres): https://www.depositphotos.com https://www.shutterstock.com https://www.eastnews.ru ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici: http://sympa-sympa.com
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00:00Strange explosions with vivid blue tones
00:03arise here and there in the universe,
00:05captivating the attention of astronomers.
00:07This rare phenomenon, and of exceptional power,
00:10bears a scientific name.
00:12Transitional, Optical, Rapid Blue.
00:15Curiously, this phenomenon behaves like nothing we know,
00:19and things took an even more unexpected turn
00:22when the last one took place in an improbable region.
00:26To fully grasp what happened last year,
00:28we need to go back in time.
00:30This unusual type of explosion
00:32was observed for the first time in June 2018.
00:36The blue eruption,
00:37located about 200 million light years from Earth,
00:40was nicknamed The Cow.
00:42Of course, this event had nothing to do with a cow,
00:45but it had an unusual configuration.
00:48At the time, this explosion was distinguished
00:50as the most asymmetrical event ever detected by astronomers,
00:54deploying in space in a flattened shape similar to that of a pancake,
00:59unlike the expected spherical shape.
01:02This phenomenon is reminiscent of a supernova,
01:05a current cosmic explosion that occurs
01:07when a star runs out of its nuclear fuel
01:10and collapses under its own gravity.
01:14However, researchers have made three major distinctions.
01:18First, this phenomenon is much more powerful than an ordinary supernova.
01:23When it occurs,
01:25the blue flare releases more energy than an entire galaxy
01:28made up of hundreds of billions of stars comparable to the Sun.
01:32Secondly, it is much faster.
01:34The explosion reaches its maximum brightness and disappears in a few days,
01:38while a supernova can take weeks,
01:41even months, to completely disappear.
01:44Finally, third difference,
01:46these blue flashes can be of a much more intense brightness.
01:50These enigmatic objects are considered
01:52as the brightest optical phenomenon known in the universe.
01:56But unlike a classic supernova,
01:58it seems that no radioactive element is at the origin of this brilliance.
02:03This implies that the energy comes from another source.
02:06But the question remains, what source is it?
02:09Scientists are still far from having solved all the mysteries surrounding this phenomenon.
02:14Since it was first observed,
02:16in-depth investigations are underway,
02:19and 11 telescopes around the world are constantly scrutinizing the sky to detect it.
02:23Since 2018, these extreme explosions have been observed about once a year.
02:28So, although they are rare,
02:30they are not as exceptional as one might think.
02:33Several hypotheses have been advanced
02:35to explain the existence of these fast optical transistors.
02:39The most plausible is that it would be a stellar residue.
02:43In other words, what subsists when a star reaches the end of its cycle.
02:48The two main candidates are a neutron star, or a black hole,
02:52emitting radiation at speeds close to that of light.
02:57The theory suggests that it would be a massive star,
03:00much more imposing than the one that gives birth to the usual supernova.
03:05The moment this star begins to collapse,
03:07it would be logical that it leaves a black hole behind it.
03:11If this gigantic star refuses to leave the universe discreetly,
03:15it could form a disk of turbulent accretion around the black hole,
03:19made up of gas, dust, and other matter.
03:24This disk could project jets of matter at extremely high speeds,
03:28similar to powerful cosmic jets.
03:31This could correspond precisely to what we observe
03:34in the form of these abrupt light eruptions.
03:37However, this remains a theory among others.
03:40The real cause of these explosions remains a mystery,
03:43requiring even more observations and analysis.
03:47Researchers consider that understanding such a phenomenon
03:50represents a true omen,
03:52because it is a stellar residue far from being inactive,
03:55but on the contrary, in full effervescence.
03:58Since this phenomenon was first detected,
04:01all similar occurrences observed by our telescopes
04:04occurred in the same type of region.
04:07In other words, these explosions had always taken place
04:10in the spiral arms of different galaxies.
04:12However, last year, the situation changed.
04:15In April 2023, the Hubble Space Telescope surprised scientists
04:21by capturing images of this same unusual type of explosion,
04:25but this time, in the middle of intergalactic space.
04:29Contrary to expectations,
04:31this explosion did not occur inside a galaxy,
04:34but in space between two of them,
04:36about 50,000 light years from a large spiral galaxy,
04:40and 15,000 light years from a smaller one.
04:43This event was called the Finch.
04:46That's our vein.
04:48As we began to see answers,
04:51the appearance of the Finch phenomenon in such an unexpected location
04:55came to shake our certainties.
04:57There could therefore be another explanation.
05:01Following this discovery, speculations quickly emerged.
05:04One of the advanced hypotheses suggests
05:06that it could be a collision between two neutron stars,
05:09moving away from their original galaxy.
05:12These two stars could have been attracted in a spiral for billions of years
05:15before colliding.
05:17During this collision,
05:19they would have produced an explosion 100 times brighter
05:22than a classic supernova.
05:24To validate this hypothesis,
05:26one of the neutron stars should have a very powerful magnetic field,
05:30which would amplify the explosion.
05:32Another possible explanation is
05:34that the explosion results from a star torn by a black hole
05:37whose mass would represent between 100 and 1,000 times that of the Sun.
05:42Although many questions remain unanswered,
05:45one thing is certain.
05:47The Finch is indeed a blue-fast optical transitory.
05:51Apart from the unusual location of its appearance,
05:54this phenomenon presents all the characteristics required to be classified as such.
05:58An exceptional luminosity and a dazzling speed,
06:01with an origin still extremely difficult to elucidate.
06:05In addition, observations of the Gemini-South telescopes,
06:08the X-ray observatory Chandra,
06:11and the Very Large Array radiotelescope
06:13have confirmed this classification.
06:15The addition of these new data only complicates the researchers' efforts
06:20to discern a possible pattern in this set of phenomena.
06:23The Finch is not the only unusual phenomenon in this category.
06:27Let's go back one year, in 2022.
06:30A blue explosion was detected in September,
06:33and it was nicknamed the Devil of Tasmania.
06:36Like other similar events,
06:38this blue explosion appeared and quickly disappeared.
06:45Then, a mysterious event occurred.
06:48Exactly 100 days later,
06:50the observers who continued to follow the phenomenon
06:53were given an anticipated Christmas gift.
06:55A new eruption, as bright and fascinating as the first.
07:00Incredible.
07:01This means that we are talking about two strange and similar explosions,
07:05occurring in the same place and in a short period of time.
07:08It was a first in the field.
07:10Very quickly, 13 telescopes around the world,
07:13including one equipped with a high-speed camera,
07:16focused on the phenomenon of the Devil of Tasmania.
07:19In the space of 120 days,
07:21they managed to capture 14 other irregular light impulses.
07:26This feat is all the more remarkable
07:28because it proves that,
07:29far from manifesting itself only once to disappear as planned,
07:32the Devil of Tasmania continued to emit explosions of energy
07:36comparable to that of a supernova,
07:38on rare occasions.
07:40Imagine such power.
07:42This scenario continues to captivate the scientific community
07:46because it pushes the limits of physics.
07:49Not only because of this extreme energy production,
07:52but also because of short-term bursts.
07:55To give you an idea,
07:57these light bursts last from 10 minutes to about 4 hours.
08:01And believe me,
08:02at the scale of the universe,
08:03it is prodigiously fast.
08:07This is the only time that a prolonged season of this event has been observed.
08:11However, after reflection,
08:13opinions within the scientific community are shared.
08:17On the one hand,
08:18some think that the Devil of Tasmania could be a totally unique event.
08:23On the other hand,
08:24it is possible that this is simply the first time
08:26that our telescopes have observed it from such a direct angle.
08:30To deepen our understanding of this phenomenon,
08:33scientists need to study a greater number of samples.
08:37All hopes now rest on the future Verace-Rubin observatory
08:42under construction in Chile.
08:44It will be equipped with an 8-meter telescope
08:47and the largest digital camera
08:49ever designed for this type of observation.
08:52According to NASA,
08:54this technology could finally provide answers
08:57to these mysterious blue explosions.
09:00We have something to rejoice about,
09:02because it could mark the beginning of a new era
09:05in our understanding of stellar evolution.