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00:00Hi kids! Today we will learn what are equivalent fractions and how to write the fractions in their simplest form.
00:11So let's start.
00:14Here are three fractions.
00:17This is 1 by 2 pizza.
00:21This is 2 by 4 pizza.
00:25This is 4 by 8 pizza.
00:29What you see here?
00:31These are all the same parts of a whole pizza or they are all equal.
00:39That is 1 by 2 equals 2 by 4 equals 4 by 8
00:46as they are all representing the same portion of this pizza.
00:53So they are equivalent fractions.
00:57Let's see more examples of equivalent fractions.
01:01The shaded portion in two figures is representing the same portion of this figure.
01:08But here it is 2 by 3 and here it is written 4 by 6.
01:16So 2 by 3 and 4 by 6 are equivalent fractions
01:22as both are representing the same part of the rectangle.
01:26Now let's take another example.
01:30From this picture you can see 1 by 4 equals 2 by 8 equals 4 by 16
01:39as these two are representing the same portion of a rectangle.
01:45So kids, now you know what are equivalent fractions.
01:50Now let's learn how you can make equivalent fractions.
01:56Let's make equivalent fractions of 1 by 2.
02:01You have to multiply both the numerator and denominator with the same number.
02:08It can be 2, 3, 4 or just any number.
02:14Here we multiply both the numerator and denominator of 1 by 2 with 2.
02:22And we will get 2 by 4 which is the equivalent fraction of 1 by 2.
02:30Again we will multiply both the numerator and denominator of 2 by 4 with 2
02:38and we will get 4 by 8 which is an equivalent fraction of 2 by 4.
02:46You can see in the image 1 by 2, 2 by 4, 4 by 8 are all representing same portion of the whole.
02:57So they are equivalent fractions.
03:01Now let's take another example.
03:05Let's make equivalent fractions of 1 by 3.
03:09We know we have to multiply both the numerator and denominator with the same number
03:16to get the equivalent fractions.
03:19So here we multiply with 3.
03:23Multiplying both the numerator and denominator with 3 we will get 3 by 9.
03:31So 3 by 9 is an equivalent fraction of 1 by 3.
03:37Now let's multiply with 4.
03:41Multiplying with 4 we will get 4 by 12.
03:45So 4 by 12 is also an equivalent fraction of 1 by 3.
03:53Kids, here is a picture to prove it.
03:581 by 3 equals 3 by 9 equals 4 by 12 are all representing the same portion of the figure.
04:08So kids, now you know how to make equivalent fractions.
04:14Kids, now we will learn how we can check whether two fractions are equivalent or not.
04:21Here are two fractions.
04:24Can you tell these fractions are equivalent fractions or not?
04:30Here is the method.
04:32For this we have to write the fractions in their simplest form.
04:37Now let's see what is its simplest form.
04:41You have to divide both the numerator and denominator with the same number.
04:47It can be any number, 2, 3, or 4.
04:52Whichever is a divisor of both numerator and denominator.
04:57First take the fraction with smaller numbers, 1 by 2.
05:03We cannot divide the numerator and denominator with any number.
05:09So it's already in its simplest form.
05:13Now let's take the other fraction.
05:17It is 2 by 4.
05:20Here we can divide both the numerator and denominator by 2.
05:262 by 2 equals 1, so cut 2 and make it 1.
05:324 by 2 equals 2, so cut 4 and make it 2.
05:39So fraction left is 1 by 2, which is equal to the other fraction, which is also 1 by 2.
05:48So this proves that both the fractions are equivalent fractions.
05:53Now let's take another example.
05:57Here are two fractions, 1 by 3 and 9 by 27.
06:04Can you tell these fractions are equivalent fractions or not?
06:09We will be using the same method.
06:12That is, we will reduce the fractions to their simplest form.
06:17To know whether they are equivalent or not.
06:21We have to write the fractions in their simplest form.
06:25First take the fraction with smaller numbers.
06:29It is 1 by 3.
06:32We cannot divide the numerator and denominator with any common number.
06:39So it's already in its simplest form.
06:43Let's take the other fraction.
06:46It is 9 by 27.
06:49Here we will divide both the numerator and denominator by 3.
06:559 divided by 3 equals 3, so cut 9 and make it 3.
07:0227 divided by 3 equals 9, so cut 27 and write 9.
07:11So the fraction left is 3 by 9.
07:153 by 9 can still be divided by a common number, 3.
07:213 by 3 equals 1, so cut 3 and write 1.
07:279 by 3 equals 3, so cut 9 and write 3.
07:32Remember, we can divide only with a number that can divide both the numerator and denominator.
07:41Now the fraction left is 1 by 3.
07:45So 1 by 3 is the simplest form of 9 by 27.
07:51So we get 1 by 3 and 9 by 27 are equivalent fractions.
07:58As if we reduce them to their simplest form, they give same fraction.
08:04Now let's take another fraction.
08:08Let's check whether these two fractions are equivalent or not.
08:13Again, we have to reduce both of them to their simplest form to check whether these are equivalent fractions or not.
08:23First take the fraction with smaller number.
08:27It's 4 by 8.
08:29We can divide both the numerator and denominator with 2.
08:354 divided by 2 equals 2, so cut 4 and write 2.
08:418 divided by 2 equals 4, so cut 8 and write 4.
08:49And the fraction left is 2 by 4.
08:53We can again divide numerator and denominator with 2.
08:592 divided by 2, we get 1.
09:044 divided by 2, we get 2.
09:08So the simplest form of 4 by 8 is 1 by 2.
09:14Now reduce the other fraction to its simplest form.
09:18Let's reduce 16 by 32.
09:23We will be dividing both the numerator and denominator with 2.
09:2916 divided by 2, we get 8.
09:3332 divided by 2, we get 16.
09:38So cut 32 and make it 16.
09:43Now again divide numerator and denominator with 2.
09:498 divided by 2 equals 4.
09:5316 divided by 2 equals 8.
09:58So our fraction is now 4 by 8.
10:02We can again divide both the numerator and denominator by 2.
10:084 divided by 2 equals 2.
10:138 divided by 2 equals 4.
10:17So our fraction is now 2 by 4.
10:21We can still divide by 2.
10:242 divided by 2 equals 1.
10:284 divided by 2 equals 2.
10:32So our fraction is now 1 by 2.
10:37So the simplest form of 16 by 32 is also 1 by 2.
10:44So the simplest form of both the fractions is 1 by 2.
10:50So we can say 4 by 8 and 16 by 32 are equivalent fractions.
10:59Let's take one more example.
11:02Here are two fractions, 2 by 10 and 20 by 100.
11:10Let's reduce these fractions to their simplest form.
11:13To check whether these are equivalent fractions or not.
11:182 by 10.
11:20Here we can divide both numerator and denominator by 2.
11:25Dividing 2 with 2 we get 1.
11:29Dividing 10 with 2 we get 5.
11:33So the fraction left is 1 by 5.
11:37So 1 by 5 is its simplest form.
11:41As we cannot divide numerator and denominator with any common number.
11:47Now let's take the other fraction.
11:50It is 20 by 100.
11:54We can both divide the numerator and denominator with 10.
12:0020 by 10 equals 2.
12:03100 by 10 equals 10.
12:07So the fraction left is 2 by 10.
12:10Again divide 2 and 10 by 2.
12:15Dividing 2 with 2 we get 1.
12:19Dividing 10 with 2 we get 5.
12:22So the fraction left is 1 by 5 which is its simplest form.
12:29As we cannot divide it further with any common number.
12:33So both the numbers are reduced to their simplest form which is 1 by 5.
12:40So we can say these are equivalent fractions.
12:44So kids what we learned today.
12:47We learned what are equivalent fractions.
12:50How to make equivalent fractions.
12:53And also how to check whether the given fractions are equivalent or not.
12:59Now you may go ahead and take a quiz to learn more.
13:03Bye-bye.