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Transcript
00:00:00You feel some rumbling from below. No, it's not your tummy. It's low and ominous.
00:00:06You look up and see strange lights hanging above the ground. They look like
00:00:10shimmering balls of light hovering high up in the sky. Your throat goes dry and
00:00:16you gulp. That's what they call the earthquake lights. This phenomenon is
00:00:21poorly understood, but witnesses say they've seen it in different shapes and
00:00:25sizes. It could be in the form of light balls, sheet lightning, streamers, and a
00:00:30steady glow in the sky. Soon after, a strong earthquake follows. Scientists
00:00:36can't explain why those lights appear, and they don't always do either. Some
00:00:40believe that's a reaction of underground gases released into the atmosphere. Sure
00:00:45enough, an earthquake begins, but lucky you, it's not as strong as you expected.
00:00:52The ground is shaking, but you even manage to keep your balance. It stops as
00:00:56abruptly as it began, and you walk home. On the way home, you see a flash and hear
00:01:02a whip crack. Lightning has struck a lone tree near where you just stood. It's
00:01:06caught on fire, and there's a column of flames rising to the sky. Still no rain,
00:01:13and the pillar becomes taller and taller. Have you heard of such a thing as a fire
00:01:17tornado? These phenomena occur when the wind is caught in a circle close to the
00:01:23ground because of the difference in air pressure. Such mini tornadoes are usually
00:01:27easy to notice. Small rubble, dust, sand, and leaves rise into the air and start
00:01:33flying in rapid circles. But then, if there's a source of fire nearby, the
00:01:38funnel can catch it and blow it stronger like bellows. The flames go round and
00:01:43round, reaching ever higher and eventually creating a swirling blazing
00:01:48tower. Luckily, fire tornadoes are short-lived and don't normally cause
00:01:53much damage. But don't try to hide from the storm under that tree. You can find
00:01:58this unusual plant in Florida and in some parts of the Caribbean coast.
00:02:02Externally, it doesn't look special at all. A great trunk, green leaves, and fruit
00:02:07similar to small apples. What you must remember is never to pluck these apples
00:02:12and never stand next to the tree, especially if it's raining. This is the
00:02:17Manchineel tree, which is considered the most dangerous in the world. Its trunk,
00:02:22bark, branches, and fruit contain poisonous juice. One drop of this
00:02:28corrosive acidic liquid can harm your skin a lot. The tree can secrete this
00:02:33juice and if you accidentally touch it, you risk burning your hand. When it rains,
00:02:39water droplets fall on the tree and mix with the poison. Water can also bounce
00:02:44off the bark and get on your skin. That's why you shouldn't stand nearby either.
00:02:49There are almost no other shrubs or mushrooms growing around. Animals avoid
00:02:54these trees and people don't chop them and don't pluck the fruit. You can't make
00:02:59a bonfire from their branches. Burning wood emits poisonous smoke that can
00:03:03damage your eyes. Locals know this tree well, but tourists and travelers might
00:03:08accidentally get harmed. That's why most Manchineel trees are marked with paint
00:03:13or have a warning sign. In Western Venezuela, locals living close to the
00:03:19Catatumbo River aren't afraid of lightning because they see it almost
00:03:23every single night. It starts at around 7 o'clock and doesn't stop until dawn.
00:03:29The everlasting Catatumbo lightning did once stop for a few months from January to
00:03:34March 2010. It was probably due to drought or maybe the charge ran out.
00:03:40In 1991, a scientist suggested that the phenomenon happens because of cold and
00:03:45warm air currents meeting in the area. Another theory is that the lightning
00:03:50could be due to the presence of uranium in the bedrock. Not all lightning happens
00:03:55inside clouds. There's a rare phenomenon called a dirty thunderstorm. The
00:04:00lightning happens above a volcano. The most famous is in Japan. It erupts almost
00:04:05every day and spits black clouds high into the air. So it's super scary
00:04:11volcano clouds plus lightning! Whoa! Regular lightning happens during a storm
00:04:16when ice crystals bump into each other. In a dirty thunderstorm, bits of volcanic
00:04:22ash collide, create friction, and spark up the sky. In the hottest and one of the
00:04:28driest places on Earth, Africa's Danakil Desert, temperatures often rise above
00:04:33120 degrees Fahrenheit. The out-of-this-world landscape has many
00:04:37active volcanoes and geysers that spit out toxic gases like chlorine and sulfur.
00:04:43The vibrantly green, electric blue, and yellow waters are all rain and seawater
00:04:48warmed up by magma. One wrong step here and you'd be gone for good.
00:04:54This happened in June 2009. People in certain areas in Japan left their homes
00:05:00after a heavy downpour, only to find fish, frogs, and tadpoles everywhere. Fields,
00:05:06roads, lawns, and rooftops were littered with these aquatic creatures. One man was
00:05:12shocked to see 13 carp on and around his truck. Apparently he stopped to count
00:05:17them. No one knows for sure where the bizarre rain came from, but the most
00:05:21popular theory claims that a powerful water spout picked up all these
00:05:25creatures. Then it carried them through the upper atmosphere and dropped the
00:05:29animals on the unsuspecting people below. And now, welcome to Abraham Lake in
00:05:35Canada. It's completely frozen. You step onto the transparent ice and look down
00:05:40at what lies beneath. No fish, just some mysterious frozen bubbles. They look like
00:05:46small clouds frozen in ice, or jellyfish who forgot to pack a winter jacket.
00:05:51There are thousands of these little bubbles made up of methane, but don't try
00:05:56to dig a hole in the ice to touch it. Methane is highly flammable. It's created
00:06:00by methane-producing bacteria that eats leaves, grass, insects, or any other
00:06:06organic stuff that gets into the lake. When the methane touches the frozen
00:06:09water, it turns into tens of thousands of frozen little balls. When the ice melts,
00:06:15they burst open and sizzle. Similar lakes can be found near some shores of the
00:06:20Arctic Ocean. There, the size of the bubbles can reach several times the size
00:06:24of hot air balloons. Beautiful for sure, but not exactly safe. The next shocking
00:06:30lake is in Indonesia, the island of Java. You come to a majestic volcano, overgrown
00:06:37with grass and trees. The volcano seems to be asleep, but smoke is pouring out
00:06:43of it. You climb to the summit. Exhausted, tired, sweaty, you're ready to cool off.
00:06:49Nice work, you made it to the top. You look into the mouth of the volcano.
00:06:53Hmm, no boiling lava, just a beautiful, bright, turquoise lake down there. It looks
00:06:59like an oasis. Perfect time for a refreshing dip. You run down and get
00:07:03ready to jump in, but that's not water, that's acid! Sulfurous gases get into the
00:07:09lake from under the volcano. The lake itself is full of metals. When the gases
00:07:14touch them, they form that beautiful turquoise water. I mean, acid. Better head
00:07:20back to the nearest village, rest, and come back at night when it's cooler. In
00:07:24the dark, the lake seems to glow. Right above it, you see light-filled, exploding
00:07:30little clouds. The sulfurous gases rise out of the lake, combine with the air, and
00:07:35flash bright blue. Still, don't get too close. The sea turns sinister red, and no
00:07:43living being can survive in it. Must be some dark magic. In fact, it's tiny algae
00:07:48that spread uncontrollably, giving the water this specific tint called the Red
00:07:53Tide. They have toxins that destroy sea mammals, birds, and turtles, as well as
00:07:59creatures that feed on them. For humans, contact with it ends in breathing
00:08:03problems or seafood poisoning. Sometimes even huge ships sink in the open seas
00:08:09for no visible reason. That reason is often the pockets of bubbles that
00:08:14underwater volcanoes produce even while they're sleeping. Those productive magma
00:08:19factories are hidden under 8,500 feet of water. When they wake up, they act just
00:08:24like land volcanoes, and they can cause destructive tsunamis. This tree looks
00:08:30like a bottle. No wonder it's called the Bottle Tree. It grows in Namibia and
00:08:35attracts many tourists, but don't get too close to the tree because it's one of
00:08:40the most dangerous on Earth. Milky juice flows inside the trunk. It's highly toxic
00:08:45to the human body. On the bright side, though, the trees have beautiful pink
00:08:49white leaves with a red core. There's a tree growing in Western Australia that
00:08:54was once used as a prison. A cell for criminals existed inside the Boab Prison
00:09:00Tree for a long time. People were usually kept there temporarily just for one
00:09:04night. After that, they were taken to their final destination. The prison was
00:09:09built more than 1,500 years ago and has been perfectly preserved to this day.
00:09:14Tourists visiting this place can sneak a peek inside. You're in the Atacama
00:09:20Desert in northern Chile, one of the driest places on Earth. But this desert
00:09:25has a beautiful secret. Every three to five years, flowers pop up out of nowhere.
00:09:31It's so famous, it's also called the Flowering Desert. Seeds lie around in the
00:09:36ground just waiting for some rain. When the desert gets enough water, about 200
00:09:42types of flowers sprout up. The yellow sands of the Atacama turn purple, white,
00:09:47green, and even pink. Another mystical phenomenon that can be seen in the
00:09:52desert is called a sand waterfall. When the wind brings a lot of sand to the
00:09:57edge of the canyon, it begins to fall down. Now amplify this effect 100 times,
00:10:02and you get a sand waterfall in Saudi Arabia. It really is like Niagara Falls,
00:10:08only there's not a drop of water. The locals say this phenomenon warns of an
00:10:13impending sandstorm. Fairy rings, also known as elf rings or pixie rings, are
00:10:18mysterious circles of mushrooms that appear in grasslands and forested areas.
00:10:23There's a lot of debate about why these fairy rings form a nearly perfect circle.
00:10:29Some superstitions claim that fairy dances would burn the ground,
00:10:33causing mushrooms to rapidly grow. In southern India, between July and September 2001,
00:10:39people witnessed one of the strangest weather phenomena in recorded history.
00:10:44The rain was red. What many would've thought to be a typical rainstorm left them
00:10:50shocked. The color was bright enough to stain clothes. There were other colors too,
00:10:55such as green, yellow, brown, and even black. In the middle of a monsoon, red rain started to fall,
00:11:02and so did periodically for several weeks. Researchers have found this unusual rain is
00:11:07stained either by dust or algae, so don't try to catch any on your tongue. Scientists aren't
00:11:14entirely sure how the algae got all the way up there. This does make events like this a little
00:11:20unsettling. People who live in rural central Norway, over the Hestalen Valley, can often
00:11:26witness floating lights of white, yellow, and red cross the sky. The lights appear both at day and
00:11:33night, and once back in the 80s, they were spotted 15 to 20 times in a single week. The Hestalen
00:11:41lights can last just a few seconds, but sometimes they can last more than an hour. The lights move,
00:11:47seeming to float or even sway around. Some scientists believe that the reason for these
00:11:53lights is due to ionized iron dust. Others say it's a combination that includes sodium, oxygen,
00:11:59and hydrogen. Many people claim they're just misidentified aircrafts. Norway!
00:12:06Snow doughnuts are one of the rarest meteorological sights to see, with perfect weather
00:12:10conditions needed just to create them. Found in any snow-covered mountain area, like the Rocky
00:12:16Mountains, the wind, temperature, snow, ice, and moisture all have to work together for us to see
00:12:22these phenomenal rings. A thin layer of wet snow on the ground. Under that layer, ice or powdered
00:12:29snow. Then, a strong enough breeze to roll the doughnut down a hill, just like a snowball. Once
00:12:36it stops rolling, it can be the size of a baseball or as large as a car tire. It all depends on how
00:12:42strong the wind is. A newly formed snow doughnut won't stay around for very long, so hurry up with
00:12:47that camera and watch your head! Can you believe there's another place on Earth with its own
00:12:53ecosystem and atmosphere, similar to another planet? Well, start believing! Movil Cave,
00:13:00located in southeastern Romania, remained closed in complete darkness for a whopping 5.5 million
00:13:06years. It wasn't until workers discovered the cave, when they were looking for a place to build,
00:13:12that anyone learned about it. Scientists carved out an opening to the cave and found that a
00:13:17completely sustained ecosystem was thriving inside. As a pathway was carved through the
00:13:22rock past numerous tunnels, scientists found a lake of sulfuric water that stank like rotten eggs.
00:13:29The air was filled with hydrogen sulfide and had 100 times more carbon dioxide than Earth's
00:13:35atmosphere contains. Needless to say, this air is completely toxic. What's even crazier is that a
00:13:42whole ecosystem has been existing in this cave, with 33 species that can't be found anywhere else
00:13:48on Earth. This cave gives us a glimpse of what could possibly exist on other planets with
00:13:54completely different atmospheres. How it managed to exist on Earth all this time without anyone
00:14:00knowing is rather unbelievable, isn't it? Now, check these trees out. They're called
00:14:05Indian rubber trees. Their strong roots grow not underground but on the surface. With the help of
00:14:12special frames and fasteners, people have learned to control how these roots grow. Let's say a tree
00:14:18is next to a small pit. You need to make a bridge from one end of this pit to the other. You direct
00:14:24the growing tree roots in the needed direction. Over time, the roots penetrate the ground and
00:14:29strengthen under endless downpours. It takes about 15 years to create one bridge.
00:14:36Here's another amazing tree called the Tree of Life. It grows in Bahrain's desert. The tree
00:14:41has been standing on top of this sandy hill for more than 400 years, surrounded by miles of sand.
00:14:47It's extremely hot here, and there's no moisture. But despite this, the tree has green leaves,
00:14:53and it continues to grow. So far, scientists haven't figured out yet how the tree gets
00:14:58moisture and nutrients. There are only places with oil deposits around. Locals think the tree
00:15:04is sacred. After all, it demonstrates the magic of life and the power of nature. Some experts are
00:15:10sure it's all about the roots. They go so deep that they can reach underground sources of water.
00:15:18So, there you are. You've been driving for hours through the night.
00:15:22You didn't have any chance to sleep, so your mind is hanging by a thread.
00:15:26You stop the car and go out to stretch your limbs. And then you look up into the sky and
00:15:32see a beautiful sunrise. Whoa, wait, there are three suns in the sky. You rub your eyes, but
00:15:39nope, there are still three bright stars in the sky. No, our home star hasn't been torn into three
00:15:45pieces, nor has it been visited by two other stars. This is called a sun dog. It occurs mostly
00:15:52during severe frosts. Small ice crystals in the sky bend the light. As a result, you may see three
00:15:59bright spots in the sky instead of just one. This phenomenon is officially called a halo. Usually,
00:16:05it's just a circle around the sun. You can even see a halo at night, too. Just look at a street
00:16:11lamp, and you'll see a bright circle around it. Sometimes, a halo can take on a fancier shape.
00:16:17If there's a lot of ice in the air, the light is warped even more. Just like in a room with
00:16:22a dozen mirrors, then the halo can take on the shape of a human eye. Because of this phenomenon,
00:16:29a false dawn can also occur. While you're looking at the horizon, the dawn begins, and the edge of
00:16:35the sun appears. A little bit more, and wait, the sun starts to just dissolve in the sky.
00:16:43After a few moments, it's dark again. And only a minute later, the real sun shows its face.
00:16:49It was the same light curvature effect you saw before with the three suns. Only now, the light
00:16:55is curved vertically, not horizontally. And instead of the real sun, its reflection in ice crystals
00:17:01in the sky appeared. But the sunrise with three stars on the horizon is actually real. Not on
00:17:08Earth, though, but 340 light-years away. There's a star system at the center of which lurks a star
00:17:15almost twice the size of the sun. And there are two smaller stars orbiting around this giant.
00:17:21This strange world has a planet too. Sunsets and dawns there really happen with three stars.
00:17:27If you brought your significant other to a park bench to watch a sunset here,
00:17:32your date would go just fine. Whatever that means.
00:17:36And since we're talking about the most baffling natural phenomena,
00:17:40it would be a crime not to mention snow in a desert. Yep, in the winter of 2018,
00:17:46the inhabitants of the Sahara Desert, one of the driest and hottest places on this planet,
00:17:51woke up to discover a thick blanket of snow covering the sand. In some places, the layer
00:17:57of snow enveloping the dunes reached a staggering 15 inches. Meteorologists, however, had an
00:18:04explanation for this exciting phenomenon. They stated that cold pools of air, combined with
00:18:10the precipitation from the most recent storm, resulted in a snowfall instead of rain.
00:18:15So, what do you do in that case? Build snow camels? Hmm, one hump or two.
00:18:21Gwajan volcano in Indonesia is not your ordinary lava belching mountain. Instead of producing black
00:18:28smoke and red lava, as most volcanoes do, this eccentric guy lets out a blue flame,
00:18:34and electric blue lava. This phenomenon occurs because the volcano contains some of the highest
00:18:39levels of sulfur in the world. And when the sulfuric gases interact with scorching air
00:18:44and get lit by the molten lava, they start to turn blue. Unfortunately,
00:18:50you can see this mesmerizing sight only at night, but you can smell it all day long.
00:18:57By the way, the world's largest acid lake is also located inside this crater.
00:19:02The Dead Sea has a high concentration of salt and minerals compared to other seas,
00:19:07even though it's technically a lake. Swimming is almost impossible, but people go there for
00:19:12the natural chemicals for the body. Floating on the surface is a great way to relax. This
00:19:17ancient body of water got its name because no macroscopic organisms can live there since it's
00:19:239.6 times saltier than oceans. Only a few bacteria and fungi can be found enjoying the salt. It's
00:19:30also Earth's lowest elevation on land at 1,400 feet below sea level.
00:19:37An underground crystal cave exists in Mexico, and it looks like some interstellar world.
00:19:43It's roughly 1,000 feet beneath the surface, with each spike measuring up to 35 feet in length
00:19:49and weighing up to 55 tons. These are some of the largest crystals in the world.
00:19:55Leskintar Beach is an endless strand of white sand dunes in azure water. But don't let the
00:20:01tropical vibes fool you. It's located in Scotland. That's why it mostly looks like this during May
00:20:06and June only. In December, the place gets only an average of one hour of sunshine per day,
00:20:12making it way more dramatic and monochrome.
00:20:16The Georgia Guidestones is a collection of giant stones in a star pattern.
00:20:20It has inscriptions in 8 languages, including Hindi, Chinese, and Swahili. It also has an
00:20:27astronomical calendar finished in 1980 and was built to last centuries. No one knows who built
00:20:33it or why. All the way over in sunny California is Sequoia National Park, home to the Giant Forest,
00:20:42which has been around for thousands of years. More than 8,000 of these colossal trees rule
00:20:47the land, including 10 of the largest living plants in the world. The General Sherman Sequoia
00:20:53is estimated to be up to 2,700 years old and is recognized as the world's largest known living
00:20:59tree by volume. The famous stone heads of Easter Island have been around for hundreds of years.
00:21:06No one knows exactly why they were built. Some scientists think that local people believe the
00:21:11statues would make the soil more fertile. Soil analysis proved the heads did their job well.
00:21:17It's the best agricultural spot on the island. The chemical composition of the ancient hot springs
00:21:24in Pamukkale, Turkey, makes the water pouring over the edge look magical. They're not only
00:21:29good for cleansing your body, but the mind too. All the way in Saudi Arabia is a rock
00:21:35sliced perfectly in the middle with two pieces sitting parallel. What makes al-Nasla so unique
00:21:41is that it wasn't artificially done, but is a result of nature's work over the years.
00:21:47Now this glacier may look like someone dropped tons of red paint in the middle of Antarctica,
00:21:52but it's actually the natural color. Blood falls is a result of extreme salted water
00:21:57mixed with iron oxide, giving out this eerie vibe in the middle of nowhere.
00:22:022. In early May 2018, New England observed one of the scariest and most dangerous phenomena ever – a
00:22:10super long-track tornado. The frightening natural phenomenon started not far from Charleston,
00:22:16New Hampshire, and traveled toward the town of Webster in Merrimack County. It took the tornado
00:22:2133 minutes to cover 36 miles and become the third on the list of the longest track tornadoes in New
00:22:27England. 3. In the Philippines, you can swim in some of the most crystal-clear waters and
00:22:33discover an underwater world below you in the province of Palawan. The municipality of Coron
00:22:39has white sandy beaches with many small boats riding through the many amazing sceneries.
00:22:464. Tristan da Cunha is a small volcanic archipelago in the Atlantic with the only
00:22:51neighboring cities of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Cape Town, South Africa. It takes 7 days
00:22:56by ship to get to this unique place. If you want to escape from the rest of the world,
00:23:01staying with the 280 locals will make you feel like you're away from everything.
00:23:085. During the first week of January 2018, unusually cold weather in the northeast United
00:23:13States froze the Atlantic Ocean in North Thalmouth, Massachusetts. What's more,
00:23:18the ocean was frozen so thoroughly that people were walking on the waves.
00:23:22Now that's obviously something you don't see every day.
00:23:276. Red sand is what makes this beach unique and why tourists flock to Tianjin, China. A
00:23:32red-colored plant called a suede salsa dwells in the salt water. The whole beach is covered in red
00:23:39with only the top layer of the sea visible. 7. If there ever was a thing that said,
00:23:44I defy gravity out loud, it's the stone of Devasco in Argentina. The huge 300-ton boulder
00:23:51stands precariously on the edge of a cliff and rocks a little bit from side to side in the wind.
00:23:57People even checked it by putting glass bottles under one of its edges. They exploded with
00:24:02another movement of the rock. Unfortunately today, you can't see this wonder of nature as
00:24:07it was a century ago. In 1912, the boulder suddenly dropped from its perch, which it
00:24:13had occupied for literally hundreds of years. The people of the nearby town of Tandil were
00:24:18so sad about this event that 95 years later, in 2007, they decided to restore the stone.
00:24:26They made a plastic replica of the rock and put it on the same spot and even in the same position.
00:24:31So even today, coming by Tandil, you can see its famous balancing boulder. More of a symbol now,
00:24:38of course, because it's no longer rocking and only weighs 9 tons, but instantly recognizable
00:24:44nonetheless. Socotra is an alien-like island off the coast of Yemen in the Indian Ocean with one
00:24:51of the most unique trees ever seen. It's called the Dragon Tree, and it can only be found on this
00:24:57amazing island. In 2008, it was labeled as a World Heritage Site. If you ever see a tight-burning
00:25:05column of air, don't panic, it's not the end of the world! The creepy combination of whirlwind
00:25:11sounds and scorching inferno means that you have crossed paths with a fire tornado, also known as
00:25:17fire twister or fire whirl. This dangerous phenomenon occurs mostly during wildfires.
00:25:24These fires create a big area of super hot air just above the ground. When this scorching air
00:25:29gets mixed with the cooler air higher up, it results in a whirlwind that churns up burning
00:25:34debris and flames. The most powerful firenados can stretch hundreds of feet into the air.
00:25:41The House of Mystery in Gold Hill, Oregon amazes its visitors with gravity-defying effects.
00:25:47You can't stand straight there, always leaning to the side and having to hold on to something for
00:25:52balance. Balls roll upwards. There's also a broom that stands perfectly still wherever you put it,
00:25:59unlike virtually everything else in the shack. The local Native American tribes called this place
00:26:05the Forbidden Ground, even before the house was built there, and they avoid approaching it.
00:26:11The owners of the shack, though, decided to turn it into an attraction, and they succeeded. They
00:26:16created an atmosphere of mystery around the place, and spread the news about it in newspapers and
00:26:21later on the Internet, and voila! A perfect anomaly is made. In fact, it's no more than a
00:26:27curiosity. A human-made optical illusion that tricks your eyes and other senses.
00:26:33Now, if you travel to the Philippines, Indonesia, or Papua New Guinea,
00:26:37you'll have a chance to see some of the most unusual and cheerful trees in the world.
00:26:42The trunk of the Rainbow Eucalyptus looks as if it had been painted orange, green, red, purple,
00:26:48yellow, brown, blue, hey, you name it! Some trees are so bright that they seem artificial.
00:26:54The Rainbow Eucalyptus regularly sheds strips of bark, which reveals a bright green layer
00:27:00underneath. A bit later, this green layer gradually changes its color. And since the
00:27:05shedding happens at a different time in different places on the trunk,
00:27:09the tree starts to look multicolored and very attractive.
00:27:14Yemen is home to the oldest skyscrapers in the world and the oldest metropolis. The ancient
00:27:19city of Shabam is considered to be the Manhattan of the desert due to the collection of mud
00:27:24buildings popping out of the desert floor. It used to be a caravan stop during ancient times.
00:27:35You're hiking in the wilderness, looking for a safe spot to set up camp.
00:27:39All you can hear are leaves and branches crackling under your footsteps. Some squirrels are running
00:27:44up a tree over there. But suddenly, something unexpected happens. You notice something weird
00:27:50in the distance in between the trees. It kinda looks like a concrete structure of some kind.
00:27:56Weird. At this point, you're at least 20 miles deep into the woods, and there are no nearby
00:28:01towns or villages, as far as you know. So, you decide to go off the trail with your friends
00:28:08to get a closer look. But as you get nearer, you realize that it's leading to… nowhere.
00:28:14Hmm, what's it doing here, in the middle of literally nowhere? And it doesn't even lead to
00:28:20anything! You put on your Sherlock Holmes cap and investigate. So, maybe there used to be an
00:28:27old house or mansion here that collapsed over the years, and the only thing left is a staircase?
00:28:33But, weirdly enough, after circling the bizarre structure, you realize there's no trace of any
00:28:39ruins or even foundations. It's like someone just sliced a staircase off their house,
00:28:45cake-style, and plopped it here, for no reason. Okay?
00:28:50You and your friends aren't really into getting a whole lot closer. Something feels wrong. The
00:28:56longer you look at this weird structure, the more you feel a super creepy presence. Something tells
00:29:02you you should probably leave the area as fast as possible. As weird as this sounds,
00:29:08discoveries of random staircases, illogically found in the woods, are surprisingly common.
00:29:15Some are made of wood, others of brick or stone. Some look ancient, while others look like they
00:29:20were finished yesterday. The one thing they all have in common, they all lead to absolutely
00:29:26nowhere, and they're all found in super mysterious locations. One of the most famous ones is in
00:29:32Chesterfield, New Hampshire. A long, medieval-looking staircase, made of stones with
00:29:38Roman arches in the middle of the woods. It's believed to have been part of Madame Antoinette
00:29:44Cherie's castle. She was a big singer back in Paris. The castle dates back about 100 years,
00:29:49and it was later discovered again in 1962. This time, there was nothing but a staircase.
00:29:57Another mysterious ancient staircase dates back to 9,000 years ago. It's in a forest in Italy.
00:30:04It looks like a series of stairs that lead to a tiny platform at the top. Now, why go through
00:30:09all the trouble of building the thing if it leads to nowhere? Well, some scientists think it could
00:30:15have been some sort of ritual tower, but your guess is as good as theirs. There's an anomaly
00:30:23in the Indian Ocean known as the Indian Ocean Geoid Low, or IOGL. It produces the largest
00:30:30distorting natural gravitational force in the world. Heavy mineral deposits, many deep-sea
00:30:36trenches, and magma reservoirs disturb the magnetic field in this area. Earth's gravity
00:30:42changes in different places around the planet. It allows researchers to look for patterns and
00:30:48figure out what's happening beneath the surface. Higher gravity fields usually mean denser
00:30:54materials below, and vice versa. Some scientists believe that the anomaly might be a dent in the
00:31:00planet's mantle that is working its way up to the crust. The Niihau Island actually rejects
00:31:07the fruits of today's advancements. There are no cars in sight since the locals get around on foot
00:31:13or by bicycles. No wonder their legs have great definition. They thrive without running water,
00:31:20internet, or shops. The only school on the entire island is powered by solar energy with a backup
00:31:26generator. And what's awesome is that it's the only school in the state that's powered by the sun.
00:31:33Being a resident of the island, the local explains some ground rules the permanent
00:31:37residents must abide by. If they do break these rules, they can be evicted.
00:31:44Now, not far from Bangkok, in northeastern Thailand, there's a 75-million-year-old rock
00:31:49formation. These rocks look like three whales swimming together. The beautiful design created
00:31:56by nature became known as Three Whales Rock. Millions of years ago, this area was just a
00:32:02desert. But the land was changing. Gradually, sandstone got pulled apart by the movements
00:32:08of tectonic plates and erosion. That's how these spectacular formations were created.
00:32:14If you decide to explore this system of trails around Three Whales Rock,
00:32:18you'll find waterfalls and an abundance of fauna and flora there.
00:32:24Located on Gamal and Gaiden peninsulas, these expansive pit holes were discovered in 2014.
00:32:30They seem to be still changing and evolving. The pits grow wider, and people find them more often.
00:32:36Of course, there's no shortage of theories about how they appeared.
00:32:41Suggestions range from meteorite impacts to the activity of other civilizations.
00:32:46But the most common explanation is that methane gas reacted to water molecules after the planet's
00:32:52permafrost started to melt. This resulted in bubbles of methane bursting through the ice.
00:32:58The craters could be thousands of years old, but nobody knows for sure.
00:33:03You're driving to the state of New Mexico, to the small town of Taos. 2% of the locals hear
00:33:10a strange buzzing in the air every day. Some residents believe the sound is somehow connected
00:33:16with technologies used by guests from other galaxies. Also, there is a theory that something
00:33:23sinister lives in the town. They say Taos is cursed. An evil spirit or a phantom punishes
00:33:30people for something their ancestors did in the past. Scientists still can't explain the nature
00:33:36of this sound. Another theory says it's caused by unusual acoustics of the location, while others
00:33:42think the buzzing is a hallucination. Some can hear it because everybody talks about something,
00:33:48and our minds create an illusion of the sound that doesn't really exist.
00:33:52The sound isn't the same for everyone, either. For some, it's a low hum. For others, it's more
00:33:58of a buzzing sound. But this is not the only place where you can hear the strange noises.
00:34:04It's called the hum, and people worldwide claim to have heard it. Some dwellers of a small village
00:34:10in Scotland describe it as a low, thick hum, while some residents of Florida heard a similar sound
00:34:17too. It's not exactly known where this phenomenon appeared, but the first time the media started
00:34:23talking about it was in the 1970s in England. Also, there are written records of a mysterious
00:34:30buzzing dating back almost 200 years. According to some estimates, only about 2% of people on
00:34:37the planet can hear the hum. Perhaps their ears pick up some low frequency waves, or the reason
00:34:43is something else entirely. Maybe, just maybe, they hear humming because the person doing it
00:34:49doesn't know the words to the song. Yeah, that joke is also 200 years old.
00:34:55A volcano in Indonesia spews bright blue lava and produces electric blue and purple flames.
00:35:03This phenomenon occurs because the volcano has some of the highest levels of sulfur in the world.
00:35:09You can also know you're near it by its foul stench. But I digress. And when sulfuric gases
00:35:16interact with scorching hot air and get lit by the molten lava, they turn blue. You can also find
00:35:23the world's largest acid lake inside this crater. Yup, it's a real stinker.
00:35:30Underwater rivers and lakes are called brine pools for a reason. High salinity makes the water in
00:35:36them denser than the seawater around. That's why it sinks to the bottom, forming rivers and lakes.
00:35:42Those have waves of their own, and these waves can sometimes lap up against the shorelines.
00:35:48If you went down there in a submarine, it would easily float on the surface of a brine pool.
00:35:53But without a submarine, swimming in such a lake would be too risky. They contain too much
00:35:58toxic methane and hydrogen sulfide. Yeah, I'd pass on that too. But hey, be my guest!
00:36:05Cave of Crystals in Mexico is home to the world's most unique crystal formations.
00:36:11Thanks to super-rare conditions in the cave, crystals there grow to unbelievable sizes.
00:36:16The air inside is incredibly humid. The water contains tons of minerals that boost the growth
00:36:22of the milky white giants. Some of them are longer than telephone poles.
00:36:28Cylindrical snow donuts occur when a wind gust starts to roll some snow across a snowy area,
00:36:34as if making a snowball. If it was a real thing, it would eventually become too heavy for the wind
00:36:40to move. But a snow donut's center is hollowed out. This happens because its inner layer is too
00:36:46thin and is blown away when the donut is formed. This makes the thing lighter than a snowball.
00:36:52That's also why it rolls further. Unfortunately, snow donuts are rare
00:36:57because they need very precise conditions to appear.
00:37:01The Danikil Depression in Ethiopia is probably one of the most bizarre-looking places you'll
00:37:07ever see. It's dotted with neon-colored hot springs, lava pools, and vast salt flats.
00:37:13You've got to be especially careful there. Toxic gases are swirling over hydrothermal fields,
00:37:19and many pools are super-acidic. So, don't go swimming. Until at least 30 minutes after lunch.
00:37:26Just kidding. And finally, there's nothing mysterious
00:37:30about 28,000 rubber ducks found in the sea in 1992. That's when a ship transporting bath toys
00:37:38got lost in the ocean while traveling from Hong Kong to the US. Some of these ducks are still
00:37:43floating in the ocean several decades later. They've been spotted in South America, Alaska,
00:37:49Hawaii, and even Australia. And they make bath time lots of fun. Ooh, rubber ducky!
00:37:57Now picture this. You're watching a volcano erupt, which is a scary view by itself. But
00:38:02suddenly, you notice ominous bright flashes lighting up the sky over the volcano. It takes
00:38:09the nightmarishness of the experience to a whole new level! One causes static electricity,
00:38:15which occurs when dense ash particles rub together not very high above the ground.
00:38:20The other source of volcanic lightning is high above the surface near the stratosphere,
00:38:25where chaotically moving ice crystals set free powerful jolts.
00:38:30Salar del Uyuni feels like you're standing on top of a large mirror, but it's actually a salt
00:38:36flat of more than 4,000 square miles. It's located in Bolivia, South America's highest
00:38:41elevated country. This natural mirror is a remnant of prehistoric lakes that had evaporated a long
00:38:49time ago. Even though it may look flat, GPS technology proved that some of the landscape
00:38:55has some little defaults that are all less than an inch small. The place is so bogged that it has
00:39:01around 10 billion tons of salt. If you get there at the right time, some of the nearby lakes
00:39:07overflow with a small layer of water, which acts as the mirror of the sky. Many locals extract salt
00:39:13and lithium from there. Don't forget to pass by the world's first salt hotel when you visit!
00:39:19You can find a real rainbow mountain in Peru. Scientists still can't explain it. The colorful
00:39:24peak is hard to reach, but seeing the blue, red, green, yellow, and pink colors in nature
00:39:30is something to remember. Now, what looks like frozen flying saucers is, in fact, pockets of
00:39:37highly flammable and combustible methane gas. Trapped underwater, it forms psychedelic landscapes
00:39:44in stunning patterns. Typical for northern lakes, such as Lake Abraham in Alberta, Canada,
00:39:49these bubbles appear when dead animals, leaves, and plants fall into the water and get consumed
00:39:55by bacteria. These bacteria later excrete methane gas. Wow, I can smell it from here!
00:40:02In late March 2018, Eastern Europe witnessed an event as beautiful as it was spooky.
00:40:09Skiers glided down tangerine slopes under the red-tinted sky. Puzzled and excited,
00:40:15people described this experience as walking on Mars or skiing down sand dunes. But however
00:40:21mysterious this phenomenon seems, it has a disappointingly simple explanation. The sponsor
00:40:27of the extraterrestrial landscape was a powerful sandstorm that had arrived from the Sahara Desert.
00:40:33This storm had brought along dust, sand, and pollen particles that colored the snow orange.
00:40:39It's not a one-time natural phenomenon. Meteorologists say that orange snow covers
00:40:44the lands of Eastern Europe at least once every 5 years. Meanwhile, don't eat the orange snow!
00:40:51On February 20 and 21 of 2018, people in the northeastern part of the US experienced one of
00:40:58the most extraordinary weather events of recent times, and it was… a heat wave. Yep, in February!
00:41:05In fact, it was the most impressive winter heat wave since official weather records started in
00:41:10the 1800s. For example, in Freiburg, Maine, people were taking off their coats after the
00:41:15temperature had risen to a baffling 70°F. In Fitchburg, Massachusetts, confused people put
00:41:22on sandals when they saw the temperature outside, 80°F. The same was happening in
00:41:27Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, where the temperature reached 83°F, and in Wells, Maine, where the
00:41:32thermometer showed 77°F. Around 11,000 years ago, in present-day Turkey, with no cities or metal
00:41:41tools whatsoever, some incredibly skilled craftsmen completed Gobekli Tepe, how they managed
00:41:48to chip and lift limestone blocks three times as heavy as a T-Rex, and what they symbolized is still
00:41:54unknown. One mind-blowing fact about Devil's Tower in Wyoming, USA, is that scientists can't
00:42:02explain how it came to existence in the first place. You see, it's an 867-foot rock formation,
00:42:09with walls so steep they're basically vertical. This piece of stone just arose amid the rolling
00:42:15plains of Wyoming with nothing like it for miles and miles around. So how is it that such a flat
00:42:21landscape could have suddenly given birth to something so tall? Theories abound, but nobody
00:42:27has the answer yet. Croatia's Plitvice Lakes National Park is a major tourist attraction
00:42:35and a World Heritage Site, with many unique animals and plants teeming around. It looks
00:42:41like an epic movie set, with infinite waterfalls flowing from every direction and the clear lakes
00:42:47all around. In the mid-1980s, a scuba diver discovered the Yanaguni Monument off the coast
00:42:54of Japan. Scientists are positive this collection of structures is thousands of years old, but they
00:43:00still can't decide if it's natural or man-made. In case it proves to be an ancient city, the new
00:43:06mystery is what lost civilization built it, and how did it make it to the bottom of the sea?
00:43:13The shape and formations of these rocks aren't a result of some human's work.
00:43:17They were created by intense volcanic eruptions. Scientists are still confused
00:43:22why the Giant's Causeway in Ireland is shaped in such a weird way.
00:43:28Back in 1812, for an unknown reason, an English farmer paid a local painter to remove tons of
00:43:34soil on a hillside and fill the contours with chalk. The painter ran away with the money,
00:43:40so the farmer had to pay a second time to get the Alton Barn's white horse finished.
00:43:47Black Falls in Iceland get their name from the dark lava columns surrounding it.
00:43:51The base of the waterfall has sharp rocks. The entire structure was the inspiration
00:43:56for Icelandic architecture seen in some of their famous buildings.
00:44:004. You can see hair ice in the forest on a humid winter night.
00:44:06Resembling cotton candy or a white hair wig, unusual ice crystals grow on rotting wood.
00:44:12Unfortunately, this beauty melts as soon as the sun comes up. Only recently have
00:44:17scientists discovered what creates hair ice. All this time it was, are you ready? Fungus. Yep.
00:44:24It allows the ice to form super-thin hairs and helps them to support this form throughout the
00:44:29night. When this particular type of fungus isn't present, instead of fragile hair,
00:44:34ice forms a crust-like structure. 5. One of the most common causes of
00:44:40wildfires is lightning from thunderstorms. But have you ever heard of a wildfire that
00:44:46triggered a thunderstorm? Well, now you know! It happened on May 11, 2018, not far from Amarillo,
00:44:52Texas. Then, the super-powerful Mallard Fire not only created a massive dense cloud high
00:44:58in the air, its heat also caused a violent thunderstorm that later dumped tons of
00:45:04quarter-sized hailstones 60 miles away in Wheeler County, Texas.
00:45:096. Carhenge is the weirdest landmark of Nebraska. Its author studied the real Stonehenge and
00:45:16created his own version out of old cars as a tribute to his father. Some cars stand like
00:45:22monoliths. Others are connected into arches. 7. When asked why he did all this, the creator
00:45:31of the construction said, why not? 8. Another Stonehenge lookalike was found
00:45:37on the bottom of Lake Michigan in 2007. There's a group of rocks in a circle and carvings of a
00:45:43mastodon. This beast ceased existing over 10,000 years ago, so the carving has to be older than
00:45:50that. Its location is kept secret from the public. Good luck finding it!
00:45:549. Canada's Hudson Bay is probably the only place in the world where gravity is indeed lower than
00:46:01anywhere else on the planet. Even skeptics can't smirk at it because the difference has been
00:46:06measured with precision equipment. So, does it mean that the gravity here is as low as, say,
00:46:12on the Moon? Unfortunately, or is it luckily, I'm not sure yet. The difference is minuscule.
00:46:19The exact value is 0.005 or 1 200th of a percent. You won't be able to feel it even if you try your
00:46:27hardest, but it's still there. Scientists say this anomaly exists because of the ice sheet that
00:46:33covered the area about 10,000 years ago. It compressed the rocks so much that they still
00:46:38can't fully recover, shifting the gravitational field in Hudson Bay. Sometime in the future,
00:46:44the gravity will return to normal in this area as well.
00:46:4910. In 2010, fossilized fish were uncovered 250 miles west of the Nile River, where the
00:46:55Sahara Desert was as arid as ever. This chance finding led scientists to believe there could've
00:47:01been a sea where the Sierra is now. So, they conducted a geological survey of the area,
00:47:07and it yielded unexpected results. They found evidence of something huge under the sands,
00:47:13and it wasn't part of any sea at all. For several months, the research continued with
00:47:19GPS equipment on land, and later, when all the ground data was collected, scientists took a
00:47:24look at the area from a satellite. The view was astounding. It turned out there was an enormous
00:47:30basin underneath the desert, with another, smaller one nearby. Along the shores of these basins,
00:47:37ancient human settlements had been found previously, and now the researchers finally
00:47:42had the answer as to why exactly they had chosen those spots to live. There had been a lake of
00:47:48impressive proportions, over 42,000 square miles of freshwater in total, about half the size of
00:47:55Lake Michigan. Ah, a purple sunset. You must've seen one of those at least once in your life.
00:48:02Normally, it's nothing ominous and has to do with the way light travels. The light that the sun
00:48:08produces is white. When it goes through a prism, you see light waves of different colors, from red
00:48:14and orange to blue, green, and indigo. Light normally travels in a straight line if there's
00:48:20no obstacle in its way. The shorter light waves, including blues and purples, are scattered easier
00:48:26when they meet with those obstacles, like molecules and aerosols in the atmosphere.
00:48:31Because the sun is low on the horizon at sunset and sunrise, its light has to pass through more
00:48:36molecules that scatter the violet and blue light. The colors that your eyes pick up, then, are yellow,
00:48:43orange, and red. But with the right conditions, you can see the gorgeous purple sky. Sometimes,
00:48:49purple sky appears for much scarier reasons. It can be caused by hurricanes, wildfires, or dust
00:48:55storms. The concentration of vapor in the air increases, and the light scatters more than
00:49:01usual. Dust, a setting sun, and low cloud cover all contribute to this natural show, too.
00:49:08The sky turns orange and red at dusk if there's still enough light. Then, it gives off pink hues,
00:49:14which mix up with the dark blue sky above. Now, do you remember what happens when you
00:49:18mix pink and blue? You get the color purple. Not every hurricane makes the sky turn purple,
00:49:26and trying to predict if it's going to happen is like trying to forecast a rainbow.
00:49:31Still, people reported several major hurricanes made the skies turn purple.
00:49:36Now, green skies might look just as spectacular as purple ones, but they actually also scream
00:49:42danger. They're usually there to tell you a thunderstorm, hailstorm, or tornado is somewhere
00:49:48nearby. The unique color is a result of yellow sunrays getting mixed with the blue light coming
00:49:54from storm clouds. So, you're enjoying a nice day by the ocean with a fresh breeze in your hair,
00:50:02when suddenly, you notice the water starts retreating from the beach at a huge speed.
00:50:07This is a sign for you to start running as fast and far away from the beach as you can.
00:50:12This most likely means that a tsunami is on the way. A quick reaction maximizes your chances of
00:50:18survival. Now, if you notice the sea level is rising, but it doesn't seem too extreme,
00:50:25it could be another sign of an approaching tsunami. It happens in 40% of cases, and the
00:50:31incoming water is the first tsunami wave. The next one, way larger and more dangerous, usually
00:50:38follows in about 10 minutes. Another thing about tsunamis is that they like to arrive with some
00:50:43loud sounds. People describe them as thunder, the sound of a locomotive, a helicopter, or just a loud
00:50:50boom. Do you see a channel of choppy water on the beach? It's in your best interest to stay away
00:50:56from the water. There might be a rip current under the surface that can be extremely dangerous.
00:51:02Sometimes, waves hit the shore in a weird way, which forms these rip currents. You might see
00:51:07a strange break in the waves, or an area with a different color than the rest of the water.
00:51:13Random bits of seaweed going in all directions is another rip current warning sign. If you happen to
00:51:19find yourself caught in a rip current, try to stay afloat, but don't try to go against the current.
00:51:25You'll only waste precious energy. Scream for help and try to float your way along the beach.
00:51:31Once you break out of the current, swim diagonally to the shore.
00:51:36The next time you spot conically shaped clouds in the sky, remember it's a good time to start
00:51:41looking for some shelter. If it just stays like that, a severe storm is on the way. But if a cloud
00:51:48of that shape starts spinning around, it means it's about to transform into a tornado.
00:51:55If you have bees nearby, they can save you from big trouble one day. These hard-working little
00:52:01guys get more active than usual when they feel like a storm is on the way. They speed up to
00:52:06collect more nectar before it hits them, and once they're done with it, they'll always come back to
00:52:11the hive 10-15 minutes before heavy rain, even when there are no obvious signs of it coming.
00:52:17Their secret is super-sensitive hairs on the back that can pick up electrostatic build-ups from
00:52:23storm clouds. For centuries, people have noticed that animals act weirdly a couple of days before
00:52:29big seismic events. Dogs can't start barking, cows halt their milk, and toads, rats, and snakes leave
00:52:37their homes. It looks like animals can feel smaller initial shock waves that humans don't
00:52:42even notice. Scientists have tried to find some legit explanation for it and run endless tests
00:52:48and experiments. But so far, they're still on their way to explaining this mystery.
00:52:54Can you smell ozone in the air? When a thunderstorm is on the way, it's the most distinct and pungent
00:53:00smell you can pick up. An electrical charge of lightning sets it free from higher altitudes.
00:53:06The other, more pleasant smell of rain is petrichor. Rainwater wakes up molecules on plants,
00:53:12trees, concrete, and asphalt. Their aroma spreads all over the place. You can even feel that smell
00:53:19in your own mouth. All those positive ions in the air that a lightning bolt sets free
00:53:24gets mixed with ozone and your saliva, and that's how you get that bitter metallic taste.
00:53:31When lightning is about to strike, you might hear bizarre crackling, buzzing, or vibrating
00:53:36sounds coming from metal objects nearby. Your palms may begin to sweat, and then you can feel
00:53:42your hair stand on end. That's a clear call for action, and that action is to run for your life.
00:53:49Positive charges are going through your body trying to reach toward the negatively charged
00:53:54part of the storm. Trust me, you don't want these charges to meet. If you see no shelter that you
00:54:00can reach fast, try to make yourself smaller than the objects around you. Drop down your umbrella
00:54:06and stay away from wire fences, metal pipes, rails, and other metallic objects. And don't
00:54:12lie flat on the ground – it's likely wet, which means it's a great conductor of electricity.
00:54:18If you suddenly notice crevices in the asphalt next to your house,
00:54:22it could be a sinkhole warning sign. Inspect your house on the inside. Does that door begin to jam?
00:54:29Or maybe there's a gap where the walls meet the ceiling. Uneven kitchen cabinets and drawers,
00:54:35slanted floors, stairs that begin to slope, water leaking after every rain,
00:54:40and displaced moldings are all signs that a sinkhole is about to open.
00:54:45To find out if it's definitely a sinkhole and how dangerous it is,
00:54:49you gotta consult with an engineering company. If you find a sinkhole that's already there,
00:54:55you gotta stay away from the sinkhole area. Fence or rope it off to make it less dangerous for
00:55:00others. You'll need professional help to fix it. Some volcanoes scream when they're about to erupt.
00:55:07Small earthquakes, which often happen before, produce a hum. It's mostly non-audible to human
00:55:14ears, but sometimes it reaches a frequency that lets you hear it as a strange rumbling or hissing
00:55:20sound coming from the ground. This noise is known as a harmonic tremor. With some volcanoes,
00:55:26it's the sound of magma bubbles vibrating when they're going through crevices in the crust of
00:55:31the Earth. But it's not always like this. If scientists managed to understand what exactly
00:55:37causes these volcanic screams, they could create a limited early warning system for volcanic
00:55:42eruptions. If you're out in the wild, pay attention to the water in creeks, streams, and rivers.
00:55:49If its level is quickly falling, even if it's raining, this might be a sign of a nearing
00:55:55landslide. And if you hear a faint rumbling noise or unusual sounds, like boulders knocking together,
00:56:02it could mean debris is on its way to you. It's a sign to head to safety immediately.
00:56:08Right now. Hey, ever heard of a fire rainbow? Yeah, me neither. How about a circumhorizontal
00:56:16arc? Didn't think so, but just so you know, they're one and the same thing. At first glance,
00:56:22it looks like a painting, or like a rainbow-colored splash in the sky. Despite the name,
00:56:28they have nothing in common with either fire or rain. This phenomenon happens on rare occasions
00:56:34when the sun shines through a particular type of ice cloud formation.
00:56:39The rainbow halos are just as unique. Again, a specific type of ice crystals in clouds needs to
00:56:45be present for the surface of the Earth to bend light from the sun into a perfect ring. The same
00:56:51thing can happen with moonlight. The only difference will be that moon halos are usually white,
00:56:57and sun halos can be rainbow-colored. When visiting regions with high altitudes,
00:57:03you may be one of the lucky people to stumble upon penitentes. They're basically naturally
00:57:09formed ice spikes. For them to be formed, they need a really cold and elevated environment where
00:57:14the air is dry. The sunlight turns ice directly into vapor, rather than melting it into water.
00:57:21And that's why these blades of snow and ice start to pop up on the surface of the Earth.
00:57:26As cute as they may be, they can end up as tall as 15 feet!
00:57:31Now, what happens when small, individual droplets of lava meet the wind? Pele's hair, basically.
00:57:38Let me explain. The word Pele comes from an ancient Hawaiian symbol for volcanoes.
00:57:44Whenever the wind picks up little drops of lava, it stretches them into hair-like strands,
00:57:50similar to the process of glass wire creation. These delicate strands can stretch as far as
00:57:556 feet. On rare occasions, it can rain without any clouds. But does it really?
00:58:03Let's look at the science behind this rare phenomenon. It's sometimes called a sun shower,
00:58:09just because it looks like the rain is falling straight from the sun. Let's be clear though,
00:58:14there is no way rain can ever come down directly from a star. Rain clouds are at a bit of a
00:58:20distance from that specific location. With sun rays being angled, the clouds become out of sight.
00:58:26Add a little wind to blow the rain in your direction, and ta-da! You get sun showers!
00:58:33Located in Bolivia is a place called Salar de Uyuni. It's the largest salt flat in the world.
00:58:40It's also the home of half of the world's lithium, which is a crucial component for
00:58:44making batteries. But what else is so special about this place? Well, whenever the rain
00:58:50season comes, it turns this piece of flat land into a perfectly reflective mirror lake!
00:58:57What comes to your mind when you hear about the Blood Falls? A horror movie?
00:59:02Well, they are merely a series of waterfalls located in one of the driest regions of Antarctica.
00:59:07They emerge from an underground lake filled with a special kind of bacteria.
00:59:12These little organisms use sulfates as fuel instead of sugars, which makes them very
00:59:17intriguing for scientists. The water contained in this lake is so full of iron that it basically
00:59:23just rusts when it meets the air. Hence the reddish color of the waterfall, which also gives
00:59:28it its trademark name. Okay, we all know the song, but it's not really made up. There is actually
00:59:36such a thing called a desert rose. It's not a plant, though, but a unique form of the mineral
00:59:41gypsum. It develops in dry sandy places that can occasionally flood. This constant switching
00:59:48between a wet and dry environment lets the gypsum crystals emerge between grains of sand,
00:59:53trapping them and forming a rose-like shape. Ever heard of the Eye of Sahara? Scientists are
01:00:00still trying to figure out how it was formed. You can only see it if you fly above it, but it's
01:00:06basically a naturally formed dome that dates back to approximately 100 million years ago.
01:00:12And no, I wasn't around then. It has a rough diameter of 25 miles and consists of a bunch
01:00:18of concentric rings. The biggest one, or the central area, measures about 19 miles in diameter.
01:00:25Astronauts were some of the first people to notice it, and it's been studied ever since. In fact,
01:00:31even to this day, when landing in Florida, they know they're almost home when they see the Eye
01:00:37of Sahara. One of the most beautifully colored trees in the world is located in the Philippines
01:00:43and Indonesia. It's called the rainbow eucalyptus. It got its name because of its bark that switches
01:00:50colors and peels away as the tree ages. The bright green bark is the youngest, as it contains a
01:00:56substance called chlorophyll, usually found in leaves. It then switches to purple and then to
01:01:02the color red. And finally, it turns brown as it grows and loses the chlorophyll.
01:01:08Now, don't be tricked into thinking that's a whole forest. It's one single tree. And no,
01:01:14it's not some sort of optical illusion either. Let me explain. Underneath that soil,
01:01:20there is a complex network of roots that connects around 47,000 tree-like shapes
01:01:26you see above the ground. It's called the quaking aspen. Some of these trees are among the oldest
01:01:32and largest organisms in the world. Now, here's a good destination for all travelers. Or maybe
01:01:39not so good, after all. The most lightning-stricken area in the world, according to recent data
01:01:45released by NASA, is Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela. Out of all the days in a year, 300 of them
01:01:52feature thunderstorms in this location. What makes this area so unique, though, that storms happen so
01:01:58often? Well, it's because where cool mountain air meets the warm moist breeze and generates
01:02:04electricity over the lake. The Eternal Flame Falls are located in upstate New York,
01:02:11near the Canadian border. In this region, there is a tiny waterfall with a big secret,
01:02:17a spark about 8 inches tall. Turns out there's a natural gas seep that provides fuel to the flame
01:02:23behind the waterfall. The waterfall provides enough coverage so that it stays lit pretty
01:02:28much every time. Hikers do enjoy to relight it if they see that it's been blown out.
01:02:34This phenomenon is actually quite common, but this one gained more popularity because it is
01:02:40younger than most. And it looks very good in pictures, let's be honest.
01:02:45I've heard of yellow sand, white sand, and even black sand here and there. But I've never heard
01:02:50of green beaches until now. Papakolia, also known as Green Sand Beach, is located in Hawaii and is
01:02:58one of the few beaches in the world that features green sand. The unique coloring comes from
01:03:03olivine rock that was formed when a nearby volcano erupted. Actually, in Hawaii, all the
01:03:09volcanoes are nearby. Move over, green sands, because some of the other beaches around the
01:03:15world can even glow at night. And it's completely natural. The culprit? A little thing called
01:03:22photoplankton, or microalgae as they're sometimes called. They're basically little plants that
01:03:28contain chlorophyll and need sunlight in order to live and grow. Most photoplankton kinds are
01:03:34able to float in the upper part of the ocean, where the sunlight can still reach them beneath
01:03:39the water. When the photoplankton gets agitated by the movement of waves and currents, they emit
01:03:45light, which looks like some glow during the night. These special microorganisms are found
01:03:50on beaches in a lot of places around the world, such as the Maldives, Puerto Rico, and the Everglades.
01:03:58At the base of a mountain located just outside of Afton, Wyoming, is a little river called the
01:04:04Intermittent Spring. There are only 3 of this kind in the whole world, but what makes this
01:04:09little string of water so mysterious? Well, the fact that it starts and stops every few minutes.
01:04:15Scientists have yet to pinpoint precisely why this happens. They speculate that it's basically
01:04:21just a siphon effect that happens deep within the ground that causes the river to just start
01:04:26and stop so often. Should you ever be interested in checking it out, be sure to do so in the late
01:04:32summer as that's when the intermittent spring is most active. Do you see the irony here? You can
01:04:39only see the spring in the summer? Okay, I'm done. The Baltic Sea Anomaly. In 2011, a diving team came
01:04:47down to the bottom of the northern part of the Baltic Sea. They went on a treasure hunt, but what
01:04:52they came upon was a pretty weird object. When they took photos and showed them to others, many
01:04:58believed it was a sunken spaceship of another civilization. Other people thought that some
01:05:05natural causes formed the object, but the metals inside the structure definitely couldn't have been
01:05:11formed naturally. Now, some scientists even believe it was something that appeared way back in the
01:05:17Ice Age. Maybe it was even a meteorite that ended up trapped under ice back then.
01:05:25A maelstrom is a whirlpool, some sort of a powerful rotational current that forms when two
01:05:31currents collide and create a circular vortex. Even fearless Vikings were afraid of maelstroms
01:05:37because those were forces so powerful that they could sink large ships. These whirlpools remain
01:05:43dangerous even today, but luckily not for big modern ships that are large enough to withstand
01:05:49the power of maelstroms. But a cruise ship that gets into a maelstrom usually faces massive waves
01:05:56that can rock even big vessels from side to side pretty intensely. A maelstrom can be so strong
01:06:04it can turn into some sort of an underwater black hole. Yep, black holes are not only present in the
01:06:10cold expanse of space, you can find them here on our home planet too, swirling in the oceans.
01:06:17They're similar to those in space since they're compacted so tightly that nothing they trap can
01:06:23escape. Underwater black holes often span up to 93 miles in diameter, and if you got into one of those,
01:06:32you probably wouldn't even know it. These black holes act like vortices, but because of their size,
01:06:38even professionals can hardly see their boundaries. Here's something relaxing. Next time you go to the
01:06:46beach, pay attention and maybe you'll see an optical phenomenon called the green flash. You can see it
01:06:53shortly after sunset or right before sunrise. It occurs when the sun is almost completely below
01:06:59the horizon, while its rim, the upper one, is still visible. For just a second or two, that upper edge
01:07:07of the sun will appear green. It's because you're looking at the sun through thicker parts of the
01:07:13atmosphere as it's moving down in the sky. As it's dipping below the horizon, light refracts or bends
01:07:20in the atmosphere and gets dispersed. Wait for a clear day with no clouds or haze on the horizon
01:07:28to see this phenomenon better. You've been looking forward to a nice swim, only to realize that the
01:07:35water in the ocean is red? Better avoid going in. Florida is known for its red tides. It occurs when
01:07:44the concentration of specific microscopic algae is higher than normal. Thousands of species of algae
01:07:52in marine and fresh waters are mostly harmless to animals and humans. They even help us, since
01:07:58they're an important source of oxygen. But some, like the algae that makes the ocean red, can be
01:08:04extremely dangerous for marine animals, like sea turtles, fish, and seabirds. This kind can grow out
01:08:12of control and produce neurotoxins harmful to humans, especially those who have some respiratory
01:08:18issues. Such people should avoid red tide areas, especially when winds are strong enough to push
01:08:24the algae toward the shore. Volcanoes can spew poisonous gas, ash, and red-hot lava. Those are
01:08:33the most obvious dangers most of us already know about. But submarine volcanoes can be very tricky
01:08:39in their own way. Sometimes, when they're located in shallow waters, they reveal their presence
01:08:45by blasting debris of rock and steam high above the surface. Since submarine volcanoes are surrounded
01:08:52by an unlimited supply of water, they can behave differently from those on land. When they erupt,
01:08:58seawater gets into active submarine vents. Lava can be spreading across a shallow seafloor,
01:09:06or sometimes even flowing into the sea from land volcanoes. When in water, it may cool down so
01:09:12quickly that it shatters into rubble and sand. So, there are large amounts of volcanic debris
01:09:19left there. You know those popular black sand beaches in Hawaii? That's how they formed.
01:09:24Hot lava and powerful eruptions certainly don't sound safe, but submarine volcanoes in deeper
01:09:30waters are equally dangerous, even though they're not necessarily erupting. They produce pockets of
01:09:37bubbles. These bubbles reduce the density of the surrounding waters, which can even sink ships.
01:09:45The worst thing is that when you look at the surface of the ocean, you can't understand
01:09:50something's wrong. But at the same time, tiny bubbles are there, causing ships to lose buoyancy,
01:09:57and with very little warning. A cross-sea is a rare phenomenon, beautiful to observe, but also very
01:10:06dangerous. It's when you see square waves, which are more common in shallow parts of the ocean.
01:10:12That's something you can often see in France or on certain beaches of Tel Aviv. But it can also
01:10:18happen in many coastal areas across the world. A cross-sea occurs when two wave patterns travel
01:10:26at oblique angles. They form this checkerboard-like pattern. It mostly happens when two swells meet,
01:10:33or when a swell pushes waves in one direction while a strong wind pushes them in another.
01:10:39These square waves can be dangerous for swimmers and boaters.
01:10:43The waves produced by strong ocean currents can be pretty unpredictable
01:10:47and tall, sometimes up to almost 10 feet. This phenomenon is sometimes called
01:10:53white walls. These waves can be so powerful that they can turn over even big boats.
01:11:00If you fill a clear glass with some ocean water and take a closer look,
01:11:04you'll see it's full of very small particles. Sea water contains dissolved salts, fats,
01:11:11algae, proteins, detergents, and other bits of artificial and organic matter.
01:11:17If you shake that glass, you'll see tiny bubbles forming on its surface.
01:11:22That's how sea foam forms when waves and winds agitate the ocean. When you see thick sea foam,
01:11:29algal blooms might have caused it. When big blooms of algae fall apart in the sea,
01:11:34large amounts of that matter move in the direction of dry land.
01:11:37Most kinds of sea foam aren't dangerous to humans, but when blooms of algae fall apart,
01:11:43it can have a negative impact on both the environment and people. For example,
01:11:48when sea foam bubbles pop, the toxins they contain get released into the air,
01:11:53and they can irritate your eyes or cause some other health issues.
01:11:59You can see a tidal bore in the areas where a river empties into a sea or an ocean.
01:12:04It's a powerful tide that goes against the current and pushes up the river. A tidal bore
01:12:10falls into a category of something called the surge, which is a sudden change in depth. A tidal
01:12:16bore is a positive surge, which means it pushes up a river, making it much deeper. A negative surge
01:12:23is when the river suddenly becomes very shallow. You won't see tidal bores everywhere. The river
01:12:30must be fairly shallow with a narrow outlet to the sea. The place where the sea and the river
01:12:38meet must be flat and wide. Also, the area between low and high tide must be at least 20 feet across.
01:12:47Of course, there are some exceptions, like the Amazon River, the world's largest one.
01:12:53The mouth of the Amazon is not narrow, but the river experiences tidal bores.
01:12:58That's because its mouth is shallow and has many sandbars and low-lying islands. The tidal bore
01:13:04is so strong there that the river doesn't even have a delta. Its sediment goes directly into
01:13:10the Atlantic Ocean, where fast-moving currents take it away. A tidal bore is often unpredictable
01:13:17and can be extremely rough. In many cases, it changes the color of the river from greenish
01:13:23or blue to brown. It can damage vegetation or even tear trees out of the ground.
01:13:29So, recreation sports like kayaking and river surfing can be hazardous in these areas.
01:13:36Even if you just want to take a look at a tidal bore, be careful. Tidal waves can
01:13:41sweep over lookout points and drag whatever or whoever is there into the churning river.
01:13:47Ah, Kyiv, you've been dreaming of getting here for years. Getting out your trusty camera,
01:13:54you start taking pictures of the cathedrals, aviation museum, and the Dnipro River when,
01:14:00without warning, there's an enormous boom behind you. Turning around, you see something
01:14:05towering in the distance. It looks like a gigantic explosion. Uh-oh, time to leave fast!
01:14:12In June 2020, what the people of Kyiv were looking at was an anvil cloud,
01:14:17a rare storm formation in the sky. Forming when strong air currents carry water vapor upwards,
01:14:24the air expands and spreads out as it hits the bottom of the stratosphere. It pushes the dense
01:14:30cloud into the cool anvil shape you see, and sometimes it even gets to be a mushroom.
01:14:37Anvil clouds produce some of the most dangerous lightning of all storms,
01:14:42one that's called a bolt out of the blue. This lightning strike seems to magically come out of
01:14:47the blue sky with the storm being many miles away. This type of bolt comes from the top of the anvil
01:14:55and can be 10 times more powerful than a typical lightning strike. People got so frightened after
01:15:02witnessing a giant cloud just 60 miles away thinking something terrible must've happened.
01:15:08The locals had pictures of the large billow on social media before officials could explain what
01:15:13was going on. Authorities managed to calm everyone's fears by informing them it was
01:15:19nothing more than a natural phenomenon, and a beautiful one at that. Before dissipating,
01:15:26these clouds typically stay in one area, regardless of how strong the wind is.
01:15:32Touring around the northern tip of Queensland, Australia,
01:15:35way away from those creepy crawlies, it's time to take a break and relax at the beach.
01:15:41Getting comfortable, you notice a great big shadow passes over you, then another, and yet another.
01:15:49Looking up, this weird weather is simply stunning. The clouds are called morning glory,
01:15:55a very rare type of cloud that almost seems to roll across the sky, looking like a massive tube.
01:16:02These clouds can measure up to 600 miles long, even appearing in large groups as well.
01:16:09This phenomenon is the result of an updraft pushing through the cloud,
01:16:14creating a rolling appearance, while moist cooler air at the back causes them to sink downward.
01:16:22Southern India, between July and September 2001, people witnessed one of the strangest
01:16:28weather phenomenon in recorded history. The rain was red. What many would've thought to be a
01:16:35typical rainstorm left them shocked. The color was bright enough to stain clothes.
01:16:40There were other colors too, such as green, yellow, brown, and even black.
01:16:46In the middle of a monsoon, red rain started to fall, and did so periodically for several weeks.
01:16:54Researchers have found this unusual rain is stained either by dust or algae,
01:16:59so don't try to catch any on your tongue. Scientists aren't entirely sure how the algae
01:17:06got all the way up there. This does make events like this a little unsettling.
01:17:11Like to take a bubble bath to relax after an exhausting day but taking too long to fill the
01:17:17bathtub? Problem solved! Head to any coastline after a big storm and take a dip.
01:17:24Foamy tides aren't native to any one place or location. They can be formed anywhere in the
01:17:29world. They're most likely to happen along rocky coastlines like the coast of San Francisco,
01:17:36Northern Ireland, or the Mooloolaba, Australia. Each coast has differing conditions forming the
01:17:42sea foams. If you scoop up seawater into a glass and look at it closely, you'll see it's full of
01:17:49tiny particles. Many things like plants, chemicals, and lots of salt and minerals create the perfect
01:17:56formula for foam. When powerful currents and wind mix it all together, we get something that
01:18:02resembles a cappuccino top floating on top of the water. When freezing temperatures hit orchards in
01:18:10Michigan, all kinds of unusual things happen. Like ghost apples. No, they're not going to scare you
01:18:16at all. But if you plan on sneaking away one winter to find one, be warned. Everything has
01:18:23to be perfect for this to occur, and it's going to be freezing cold. This is actually a rare
01:18:30weather phenomenon caused by having the apples freeze where they are with rain coating the fruit
01:18:36in a thin layer of ice. The apples then thaw and leak out like applesauce, leaving just the
01:18:43beautiful ice shell behind. The Catatumbo River in Venezuela might be the most electric place in the
01:18:51world, with nearly 300 storm days per year. The lightning storms are so consistent, they're
01:18:57predicted for 3 months in advance. During the wet season in October, you might see 30 lightning
01:19:04flashes in a single minute, a truly shocking experience. With each bolt having the energy to
01:19:11power a single light bulb for 6 months, the impressive display could power all of Venezuela
01:19:17forever. At sunset, strong winds flow around the 3 surrounding mountains, forming storm clouds over
01:19:25the water. As the water droplets of humid air collide with ice crystals from the cold air,
01:19:31it produces the static charges that cause the lightning storms nearly every night.
01:19:37If that wasn't bad enough, some storms have lightning above them as well. Try to take a
01:19:43picture of this one! Jellyfish lightning sprites are electrical discharges high in Earth's atmosphere.
01:19:50They're associated with powerful thunderstorms, but they have nothing to do with rain.
01:19:55These sprites occur 30 to 50 miles up in the sky, in the mesosphere. Artificial lights at night make
01:20:03it a lot harder to see this faint lightning. If you spot one, it'll look tiny but can be well over
01:20:1030 miles wide. The red sprites are a type of cold plasma discharge above a thundercloud.
01:20:18They're the balance of the lightning charges between the storm clouds and the ground below.
01:20:23Don't try to find this type of doughnut at your favorite bakery. It won't be there!
01:20:29Snow doughnuts are one of the rarest meteorological sites to see,
01:20:33with perfect weather conditions needed just to create them.
01:20:38Found in any snow-covered mountain area, like the Rocky Mountains, the wind, temperature,
01:20:43snow, ice, and moisture have to all work together for us to see these phenomenal rings.
01:20:50A thin layer of wet snow on the ground. Under that layer, ice or powdered snow. Then a strong
01:20:57enough breeze to roll the doughnut down a hill, just like a snowball. Once it stops rolling,
01:21:03it can be the size of a baseball or as large as a car tire. It all depends on how strong the wind
01:21:10is. A newly formed snow doughnut won't stay around for very long, so hurry up with that camera!
01:21:16Sun Dogs
01:21:18Watching the sunset over the horizon, the beautiful purples and pink overhead are nothing
01:21:24compared to the three suns you see in front of you. Wow, since when did Earth get three suns?
01:21:31These phantom stars sometimes appearing besides the sun are called sun dogs. Maybe they're called
01:21:37that because they're kind of dogging the actual sun? Sun dogs often appear as colored areas of
01:21:45light at the same height above the horizon as the sun. They're mostly observed on a ring or halo,
01:21:51where ice crystals best reflect the light. There are also moon dogs that appear alongside the moon
01:21:58and are formed by lunar light passing through ice crystals,
01:22:01though these aren't seen nearly as much as their daytime partners.
01:22:07Taking photos in the wild, you've finally found the perfect spot to take that dream shot – the
01:22:13crystal-clear water, the pines, the mountains, and the flying saucer! Wait, a flying saucer?
01:22:20Oh, aliens are here! You might be thinking this if you saw a saucer-shaped cloud.
01:22:28I'm not even going to try to pronounce their name, though. Put that on the screen, please.
01:22:32Wait, just kidding! It's Altocumulus lenticularis. Aren't you impressed? These are really just
01:22:40unusual cloud formations over mountaintops. When moist air flows over a mountain, a wave
01:22:46is created if the temperature difference is perfect. As the air passes through the wave,
01:22:52evaporation occurs, and a series of these clouds may form into an oval shape. Not aliens at all!
01:23:02The sky is falling! The sky is falling! Well, people who've experienced these clouds say
01:23:08they look like they're coming down from the sky. Mammatus clouds look like giant white lumpy
01:23:14marshmallows, but it might be hard to toast these ones. These weird fluffy clouds can extend
01:23:21hundreds of miles in any direction, remaining visible for short periods at the bottom of anvil
01:23:26or other thunderstorm clouds. The strange bubble shapes are formed from turbulence within the storm
01:23:33itself, creating an uneven cloud base and appearing anywhere in the world. Mammatus
01:23:40clouds form when moist air sinks into dry air. The air must be cooler than its surroundings,
01:23:46cooled with ice, or be heavy with water. Well, this happened in June 2009. People in
01:23:55certain areas in Japan left their homes after a heavy downpour, only to find fish, frogs,
01:24:01and tadpoles everywhere. Fields, roads, lawns, rooftops were littered with these aquatic
01:24:07creatures. One man was shocked to see 13 carp on and around his truck. Apparently, he stopped to
01:24:14count them. No one knows for sure where the bizarre rain came from, but the most popular theory
01:24:21claims that a powerful water spout picked up all these creatures, then it carried them through
01:24:26the upper atmosphere and dropped the animals on the unsuspecting people below.
01:24:32Shelf clouds look like something from a sci-fi movie. They form when warm and moist air gets
01:24:37caught in a thunderstorm updraft. These ominous clouds most often mean a storm is coming.
01:24:44Breathtaking rainbow clouds appear on top of cotton-like puffy clouds after thunderstorms.
01:24:51The puffy clouds are low-altitude ones. They usually hover at a height of around 6,000 feet.
01:24:57When the water vapor they contain condenses, the resulting droplets act like prisms.
01:25:03This forms multicolored caps over the clouds. Morning glory clouds are extremely rare. They
01:25:10look like massive tubes stretching across the sky. They can snake for more than 600 miles,
01:25:16sitting relatively low. Most researchers agree that these clouds appear when an updraft squeezes
01:25:23through the cloud. This creates the signature rolling appearance. The cool air at the back
01:25:28of the cloud makes it sink downward. The best, but not the only place to see morning glory
01:25:34is Australia's Gulf of Carpinteria. If you decide to travel there to see these clouds,
01:25:40choose a period from late September to early November.
01:25:45It was 2012 when the sky turned first ominous dark, then yellow. After that, blue gelatinous
01:25:53balls started to fall to the ground. A man from the UK found these balls outside during a hailstorm.
01:26:00He was walking to his garage when he spotted something unusually bright among the whitish
01:26:04hailstones. When researchers examined this jelly rain, they found out the balls were made from the
01:26:11substance used in diapers or potting soil. It's used to absorb liquid. It's still unclear whether
01:26:18the balls fell from the sky, or maybe the melting ice made a few already existing crystals expand
01:26:24in the blink of an eye. Huge white lumps over your head are called mammatus clouds. They can
01:26:31make you believe the sky is falling. Most clouds form when the air rises into the atmosphere,
01:26:38but not mammatus ones. They appear when moist and cool air goes down and mixes with dry air.
01:26:44The result? Unique puffed rice clouds. By the way, if you spot this phenomenon,
01:26:50bad weather is just around the corner. Whoa, mama!
01:26:55Colorful nacreous clouds occur extremely high in the atmosphere. I mean, twice as high as a
01:27:01commercial airplane's cruising altitude. The air at such heights is extremely dry and cold.
01:27:07Ice crystals in nacreous clouds are much smaller than those that form more common clouds.
01:27:13They scatter light in a different way. And this gives the clouds their mother-of-pearl appearance.
01:27:20Blood rain looks more terrifying than any horror movie. But in reality, there's nothing
01:27:25strange or unnatural about this weather phenomenon. People have known about such
01:27:31scarlet-tinted rains since the time of ancient Rome. Sometimes, powerful winds lift red dust
01:27:37into the atmosphere and carry it far, far away. To another galaxy. In the end, this dust gets
01:27:45mixed with clouds, which colors the rain. By the way, dust from coal mines can make the rain black.
01:27:52Pollen is responsible for yellow rains. And some other kinds of dust can turn the rainwater white.
01:28:00In Australia, it sometimes rains spiders. That's because these creatures can balloon.
01:28:05That's a highly unusual way of traveling. A spider climbs to the very top of a tall
01:28:11tree or shrub. And then it spins several strands of silk. These strands help the
01:28:17spider to be carried away by the wind. It's not easy to spot ballooning. But sometimes,
01:28:23if the weather is especially damp and unpleasant, mass ballooning happens. And then, you can't help
01:28:29but pay attention. Millions of spiders set off on a journey to find another place with better
01:28:35conditions. It may seem like it's snowing outside. But no, those are spiders drifting down to the
01:28:42ground. Ever see huge round disks in the sky? Most likely, those were lenticular clouds.
01:28:50They usually form over large and high places, like mountains or hills.
01:28:54When strong winds bump into some barrier, this creates an air wave. The air kinda wraps around
01:29:00the obstacle. And the higher the barrier is, the colder the air that's rising over it becomes.
01:29:06At some point, the moisture it contains turns into water droplets, and they form the unusual
01:29:12clouds. Lenticular clouds can look like waves, a pizza, or even a stack of pancakes. How yummy!
01:29:20Volcanic tornadoes are possibly one of the most terrifying natural phenomena.
01:29:25When a volcano erupts, it spews red-hot rock and ash high into the air. As for solid lava pieces
01:29:32and hot gases, they travel down the volcano's slope. When this flow moves down, some of the
01:29:38trapped gases begin to rise and spin at the same time. They get squeezed by the surrounding air,
01:29:44which makes them spin faster and faster. That's how a volcanic tornado gets born.
01:29:50Luckily, this phenomenon has a very short lifespan.
01:29:54On March 19, 2018, the inhabitants of Alabama had to run for their lives. Otherwise,
01:30:01they would've been hit by huge chunks of ice falling from the sky. It was the infamous hailstorm
01:30:07that caused millions of dollars worth of damage. After the hailstorm, the area looked gloomy.
01:30:13Broken shop windows, smashed car windshields, busted billboards, holes in the roofs. At least,
01:30:19researchers got excited when they found a hailstone near the town of Cullman. This softball-sized
01:30:25monster was more than 5 inches across. No wonder it set a new state record.
01:30:31Cylindrical snow doughnuts occur when a wind gust decides to make a snowball. It starts to roll some
01:30:38snow across a snowy area. If it were a real snowball, it would eventually become too heavy
01:30:43for the wind to move. But the snow doughnut's center is hollowed out. This happens because
01:30:49its inner layer is too thin and is blown away when the doughnut is formed. This makes it lighter than
01:30:55a snowball, and that's why it also rolls farther. Unfortunately, you just can't go and find snow
01:31:01doughnuts. They're rare because they need very precise conditions to appear.
01:31:07Moonbows are a much rarer phenomenon than rainbows. They're caused by moonlight rather
01:31:12than direct sunlight and occur only when the moon is near full. Moonbows are dim and often seem to
01:31:19be white. But it's just an illusion. The human eye is just not sensitive enough to catch all
01:31:25the colors. Lightning balls are small floating spheres of light. They can be orange, yellow,
01:31:31or even red. Sometimes lightning balls descend from the sky. In other cases, they appear out
01:31:37of nowhere, hovering several feet above the ground. They don't emit any heat or produce
01:31:43very little sound. Lightning balls can bounce off objects. If they come across something electrical
01:31:48like a TV, they usually disappear with a quiet pop, leaving behind the smell of sulfur. But
01:31:55lightning balls can also start fires or explode. Scientists believe lightning balls might be
01:32:01connected with thunderstorms, but there's no solid proof yet.
01:32:06Fogbows are almost white, pale blue on the inside, and faint red on the outside. You have higher
01:32:13chances of seeing a fogbow over the cold sea or ocean when warm air comes into contact with much
01:32:19colder air. This phenomenon also occurs when the sun is bright, and the fog is thin enough for the
01:32:25light to get through. Pele's hair is thin lava threads. They look golden and pretty, but don't
01:32:32even think about picking them up. Yeah, they can harm you. The wind sometimes catches small droplets
01:32:38of lava coming from active volcanoes. These droplets get carried miles away from the vent.
01:32:45They get stretched into super-thin glass wires, also called hair lava. Some strands can be as
01:32:51long as 6 feet. In March 2018, those who looked up in the sky in northern Nevada saw one of the
01:32:59rarest and most bizarre clouds ever. It was a horseshoe cloud. Such a vortex happens when a
01:33:06flat cloud travels over a column of warm, rising air. This air not only gives the cloud its
01:33:12impressive shape, but also adds some spin to its movement. But you've gotta be quick! Horseshoe
01:33:18clouds are very fleeting and usually last for only several minutes.
01:33:23Frost flowers bloom on young sea ice in the Arctic Ocean or on thin lake ice. They're fragile and
01:33:30delicate ice crystals. These structures grow during temperature changes. They draw moisture
01:33:36from the ice surface and rise, capturing bacteria and salt. You can find frost flowers in Antarctica
01:33:42too. But wherever these crystals grow, people know, disappointingly, very little about them.
01:33:49Still, they're awfully pretty!
01:34:01You begin to panic, but then immediately you bounce back up. You test your footing and jump
01:34:06slightly. The grass bounces with you, like a trampoline. This phenomenon is caused by soil
01:34:12liquefaction. Excess water from heavy rain or floods becomes trapped in the soil, causing it
01:34:17to be waterlogged. This makes the ground temporarily act like a giant water bed. While it may be
01:34:24tempting to run and bounce on this springy grass, it's best to tread carefully. The grass could
01:34:29potentially break open, and if someone fell through, it would be incredibly tricky for them
01:34:34to get back out again. An erupting volcano is already a pretty terrifying sight, with clouds
01:34:40of dark smoke and flowing molten hot lava. What's even more terrifying is that they can produce
01:34:46lightning. Volcanic lightning is pretty hard to study, so scientists don't know exactly what
01:34:51causes it. A common theory is that during an eruption, the ash picks up so much friction that
01:34:56it creates a buildup of static electricity. This static electricity then triggers the volcanic
01:35:01lightning. A fire whirl, or fire tornado, is exactly what it sounds like. They occur when
01:35:07ground winds pick up flames and escalate the embers into a whirling force. These spinning
01:35:12columns of fire can reach up to 1,000 feet tall, but luckily, they only last for a couple of minutes.
01:35:18Fire tornadoes are pretty rare, but they can be extremely dangerous. In Tokyo in 1923, a large
01:35:25citywide fire produced a gigantic fire tornado. The tornado lasted 15 minutes and devastated the
01:35:31city, causing significant damage and leaving 38,000 people injured. On a cold and cloudless winter
01:35:39night, you might have been lucky enough to witness colorful beams of blue and orange light
01:35:43reaching up towards the sky. These are called light pillars. They occur when light is reflected
01:35:49from tiny ice crystals that float about in the atmosphere. These pillars are more common in cold,
01:35:54northern countries like Canada or Russia. We've all seen the colorful rainbow arches that the sun
01:36:00produces. It's much rarer to see a rainbow light up in the sky produced by the moon. This is called
01:36:06a moonbow. It's bright and colorful like a rainbow and occurs when moonlight reflects off water
01:36:11droplets in the sky. Moonbows are incredibly rare and can only occur in specific conditions.
01:36:17The moon must be very low, the sky has to be dark, and rain must fall directly opposite from the moon
01:36:23to create this lunar rainbow. If you're taking a moonlit stroll along the beach at night,
01:36:29you might come across the strange phenomena of a bioluminescent beach. This occurs when a
01:36:34microorganism in the water called plankton are agitated by the movement of the waves and give
01:36:39off a bright blue color. These microorganisms tend to live in warmer waters, so you can find
01:36:45these luminescent beaches in places like the Maldives, Puerto Rico, and even Florida.
01:36:50In Antarctica, you'll find the famous blood falls. Blood-red colored water pours out of the Taylor
01:36:56Glacier from an underground lake. Scientists originally believed that the striking color
01:37:00was caused by a microorganism similar to the luminescent beach's glowing plankton. But after
01:37:06further studies, it was discovered that the water has abnormally high levels of iron that oxidize
01:37:11and turn to rust the second they hit fresh air. In colder climates where lakes are frozen all
01:37:19year round, if you look pretty closely beneath the icy waters, you'll notice frozen bubbles trapped
01:37:24in the ice. These are small pockets of methane gas. Bacteria in the water feast on other organisms
01:37:30and digest them to produce methane. The methane turns into floating bubbles in the frozen water
01:37:35trapped beneath layers of ice. Asperatus clouds are one of the rarest events in nature.
01:37:41This cloud formation consists of incredibly dark and storm-like waves of clouds.
01:37:46Although these clouds appear ominous and look like they carry a heavy storm, they usually
01:37:50dissipate without ever affecting the weather. These clouds most commonly appear in the Great
01:37:55Plains of the United States, but they haven't been observed since 2009. Despite being a famously
01:38:02harsh climate, the desert can produce some beautiful things, like desert roses. These are
01:38:07intricate rose-like formations of crystal clusters. The intense switch between dry and wet conditions
01:38:14forms the crystals and traps grains of sand within them to give them their signature color.
01:38:20From afar, you could easily mistake a waterspout as a large tornado traveling over a body of water.
01:38:26In reality, waterspouts are a type of funnel-shaped cloud. They are rotating columns of cloud-filled
01:38:32wind which often take on a darker color. Waterspouts are much weaker and smaller than tornadoes,
01:38:38and they aren't strong enough to suck anything into them. This phenomenon typically occurs in
01:38:42tropical climates, and they usually dissipate before reaching land. Lenticular clouds are flat
01:38:49clouds that lay on top of the other, looking like stacks of pancakes in the sky. They typically form
01:38:54in high altitudes where geographic features like mountains or tall buildings interrupt the airflow.
01:39:00Because of their unique shape, lenticular clouds have been suggested as an explanation for some UFO
01:39:05sightings. As our climate changes, new natural phenomena develop. One of these is exploding
01:39:12permafrost. The increasing temperature in arctic zones is causing the permafrost to melt.
01:39:18Just like in frozen lakes, bubbles of methane gas are trapped in the permafrost. As the permafrost
01:39:23begins to melt, the gas is released. This results in large explosions in the ground, which leave
01:39:29behind massive holes. The first case of this was reported in 2013, and several more have been
01:39:34reported since. When you think of icebergs, you usually think of a large chunk of pristine white
01:39:41ice. But in Antarctica, you find icebergs striped with colors of green, blue, yellow, and more. The
01:39:47different colors are caused due to the ice forming in special conditions. Green typically appears when
01:39:52water that is rich in algae freezes. Blue stripes are more often freshly frozen water. Other colors
01:39:58are typically caused by sediments of debris picked up by the water as it freezes.
01:40:04Nacreous clouds are some of the rarest clouds on the planet. They typically occur at high altitudes
01:40:10and are only visible within two hours after sunset. The clouds appear beautiful as they
01:40:14display light waves of various colors. But don't be fooled. These clouds are actually a pretty
01:40:20dangerous sight. Nacreous clouds are incredibly destructive to our atmosphere. Their presence
01:40:25encourages the chemical reaction that breaks down our ozone layer. The ozone layer is an
01:40:30essential shield protecting us from the sun's harmful rays. The more depleted it is, the more
01:40:35at risk we are of global warming. The last place you might expect to find a natural fire is in the
01:40:42middle of a waterfall. But it's more common than you think. In upstate New York, in the middle of
01:40:47a small running waterfall is an eternal flame around eight inches tall. Beneath the waterfall
01:40:52is a natural gas seep, a low pressure of gas that escapes from underground into the earth's
01:40:57atmosphere. The small fire is sheltered enough by rocks from the waterfall's spray to stay lit
01:41:03permanently. Typically, green sand isn't what you'd imagine when you think of tropical beaches.
01:41:09But in Hawaii and other volcanic islands around the globe, you'll find beaches covered with dark
01:41:14green sand. This remarkable color is due to the erosion of olivine, a type of rock formed by
01:41:20nearby volcanic eruptions. Over the years, the rock slowly withers into sand and washes onto
01:41:25the shore, resulting in these strange colored beaches. Penitentes are fields of ice spikes
01:41:32formed in high altitudes. These occur when sunlight beams directly onto ice,
01:41:37turning it into water vapor rather than melting them. The sun beams vaporize small dimples in
01:41:42the snow's surface, resulting in sharp crystal-like formations. The spike can grow as tall as 15 feet.
01:41:50Mammatus clouds are some of the most unusual and distinctive formations of clouds. The clouds can
01:41:55extend over hundreds of miles and appear like the sky has been blanketed with cotton balls.
01:42:00The clouds themselves are harmless, but they often signify that a dangerous storm is nearby.
01:42:06So if you see them, head inside! A green flash sunset is a rare phenomenon that occurs briefly
01:42:13at sunset or sunrise. When the sun is almost entirely out of the sky, in the right conditions,
01:42:19onlookers can witness a distinct green flash, making the sun appear bright green. This is
01:42:24caused by sunlight reflecting off the Earth's atmosphere, causing the light to refract into
01:42:29different colors. The sun appears green, but really, it's just an optical illusion.
01:42:3650 ships and 20 airplanes have gone missing. Many people have disappeared, and mysterious
01:42:42forces might have… oh wait, the wrong script. This Bermuda Triangle is located in Transylvania.
01:42:49So, once upon a time in the heart of Transylvania, there was a mysterious place that people named
01:42:55the Bermuda Triangle of Transylvania. Look at these twisted trees and their tangled undergrowth.
01:43:01It seems like some evil creature may appear from behind a tree at any moment. There might even be
01:43:07ghosts and mysterious creatures that came from space. As stories said, the forest became so
01:43:13popular in the 1960s when a man was chilling there on a warm August afternoon with his girlfriend and
01:43:18a couple of friends. Suddenly, his girlfriend pointed at something unusual in the sky. A man
01:43:24came closer to the spot where she was standing and, to his surprise, saw it too. It was a weird
01:43:31silver disc, shining in the sky. He quickly pulled out his camera and took four photos before the
01:43:37creepy object bolted away. The object was there for a mere two minutes, but the man developed his
01:43:42film and the picture ended up being published in local papers. Many people were skeptical about
01:43:48this. They claimed that those were most likely some weather balloons that looked like a spaceship
01:43:53because they were photographed in odd lighting. But no weather balloons, blimps, or any other
01:43:59objects were in the sky above the forest on that day. Spooky, huh? That's not the only campfire
01:44:05legend from that area. Stories say that those who venture too deep into the murky depths of this
01:44:11creepy place often did not return, which is how it got its nickname in the first place.
01:44:17There was a shepherd who entered the forest together with his 200 sheep. They were never
01:44:22found again. People have also been whispering stories about a five-year-old girl who disappeared
01:44:27one day. She re-emerged one day, five years later, wearing the same clothes as the day she went
01:44:34missing. Plus, she hadn't aged a day. There are people who entered the forest and did manage to
01:44:40return but with severe burns, high fever, and some other health issues they didn't have before.
01:44:47Some were sure that happened because the subsoil had lots of natural uranium with a high level of
01:44:52radioactivity. And according to others, it's not unusual that you come to this forest and feel like
01:44:59someone's watching you or your electronic devices just switch off. And now, here's something that's
01:45:05not a legend. The forest has a rich history. Some sources say it was home to the oldest
01:45:11settlement in Romania, dating all the way back to 6,500 BCE. Trees themselves are pretty mysterious.
01:45:20They grow in creepy spirals or have some unexpected zigzag patterns. Even though some scientists have
01:45:26come there to explore this phenomenon, they couldn't find the answer to why they're like this.
01:45:32It seems as if trees are twisting their limbs so they can reach out and grab you when you're not
01:45:37looking. And that's what's interesting. Each of these twisted trees spirals in a clockwise direction.
01:45:44But legends say lots of inexplicable things have happened in a specific part of the forest
01:45:48where you can't find trees or any other types of vegetation. It's a perfect circle called the
01:45:55clearing, the perfect name for a horror movie inspired by all these stories. The soil in this
01:46:02area with no vegetation has been tested and no one has found any weird stuff or anomalies that
01:46:07could potentially stop plants from growing there. Some locals believe the forest has positive energy,
01:46:13which is why it's good to make a wish there. But many more people let their imagination run wild,
01:46:19telling stories about paranormal activities happening there, like mysterious spheres
01:46:24popping out in the middle of the forest or extraterrestrial lights. Either way, you and your
01:46:30castle can step aside, Dracula, because you're not the only scary story from Transylvania.
01:46:35Here's another reason you won't be able to sleep well tonight. The Isla de la Munecas or the Island
01:46:42of the Dolls. In the middle of the eerie and murky waters of canals near Mexico City, there's a small
01:46:48island. It may look charming at first, until you realize it's home to hundreds of dolls hanging
01:46:55from the trees and scattered throughout the overgrown vegetation. These dolls are old and
01:47:00decaying, they've lost their color over time, and their once cheerful faces are now twisted into
01:47:06expressions of despair and horror. There is a sad story behind this disturbing place. It says the
01:47:14island used to be home to a reclusive man who left his family more than 50 years ago to live
01:47:20alone on the island. He started obsessively collecting dolls that were lost in the canal.
01:47:26The story says he even traded products he grew to locals to get more dolls. The man didn't clean
01:47:32these dolls nor show any interest in fixing them. He would just decorate his island with them
01:47:38regardless of the state in which he found them. Even those that looked good ended up ruined due
01:47:44to winds and rain. They weren't just outside, his cabin was full of these scary dolls too.
01:47:50Many people were terrified of this place, claiming it was cursed, but others believed the dolls
01:47:56safeguarded the island. Moving to the suburbs of North London, where you can find the mysterious
01:48:02Highgate Cemetery. It's definitely not a typical resting place for the dearly departed. This
01:48:08cemetery has so many peculiar graves, including those of Karl Marx and Douglas Adams, but that's
01:48:14not what draws visitors to its gates. People come there because of the legends claiming that this
01:48:20place is haunted by all sorts of spooky creatures, including vampires. Yep, stories about shadowy
01:48:27figures hovering over graves with glowing red eyes and sharp fangs never get boring. But this place
01:48:34wasn't always this creepy. It was established in the middle of the 19th century, once neglected and
01:48:40overgrown with crumbling monuments and vegetation that seemed to swallow up graves. But these legends
01:48:46became popular along with the place itself in the 1970s, after the cemetery had appeared in several
01:48:52horror movies. Some visitors there are even self-proclaimed vampire hunters. There's this
01:48:58peaceful and charming village called Pluckley, just a short drive away from London. At least that's
01:49:04what it seems at first sight. People whisper Pluckley could be the most haunted village in
01:49:09England. As you go through its winding streets, you'll come across many spots legends say are
01:49:15haunted. Many of them are connected to the Daring family, which held the title of Lords of the Manor
01:49:21for over four centuries. What gives the sense of old times is the round-topped windows on many
01:49:28buildings. Legend has it, hundreds of years ago, Lord Daring escaped when his enemies captured him.
01:49:35He jumped through one of these windows headfirst. In commemoration of this pretty daring act,
01:49:40every window in the manor house and the village was made in the same style. Even though the manor
01:49:46house burned down in 1951, the legacy of Lord Daring's escape lives on in the charming village
01:49:52of Pluckley. Some say Pluckley is surrounded by the so-called Screaming Wood. There are many
01:49:59legends about paranormal events that have occurred there. There are nice walking trails in this wood,
01:50:04but to be honest, I'd only be brave enough to hit them during the day. And how about the Crooked
01:50:09Forest? It's in Poland, and it consists of 400 pine trees whose trunks take a sharp 90-degree turn
01:50:17and then become weirdly curved, like the letter J. Someone planted them in the early 1930s,
01:50:24but it's still not completely clear how all these trees got the same curve. One scientist said this
01:50:29looked like a typical response to gravity. Plants have a special mechanism that allows them to
01:50:35reorient themselves when the stem is horizontal to gravity. So, these trees may have been grown
01:50:40this way for making boats or furniture. Of course, human imagination goes way beyond science,
01:50:47so many tried to explain the existence of these trees with stories of spirits that possess these
01:50:52trees or mysterious creatures from space that made them this way. Okay, I'm on. Let me just grab my
01:50:59popcorn. Saint-Laurent-de-Yuzhouny feels like you're standing on top of a large mirror,
01:51:04but it's actually a salt flat of more than 4,000 square miles. It's located in Bolivia,
01:51:09South America's highest elevated country. This natural mirror is a remnant of prehistoric lakes
01:51:15that had evaporated a long time ago. Even though it may look flat, GPS technology proved that some
01:51:21of the landscape has some little defaults that are all less than an inch small. The place is so
01:51:27bogged that it has around 10 billion tons of salt. If you get there at the right time, some of the
01:51:32nearby lakes overflow with a small layer of water, which acts as the mirror of the sky. Many locals
01:51:38extract salt and lithium from here. Don't forget to pass by the world's first salt hotel when you
01:51:44visit! You can find a real rainbow mountain in Peru. Scientists still can't explain it. The
01:51:51colorful peak is hard to reach, but seeing the blue, red, green, yellow, and pink colors in nature
01:51:57is something to remember. Baratara Gorge Waterfall has 3 natural bridges for anyone to walk across,
01:52:06take awesome pictures, and even have picnics. The waterfall is a result of limestone erosion
01:52:11that's been going on for millions of years, even though it looks like someone punched a hole right
01:52:15in the middle. It's located in the village of Tanurin, which is just 2 hours away from the
01:52:21capital, Beirut. The Dead Sea has a high concentration of salt and minerals compared
01:52:28to other seas, even though it's technically a lake. Swimming is almost impossible, but people
01:52:34go there for the natural chemicals for the body. Floating on the surface is a great way to relax.
01:52:39This ancient body of water got its name because no macroscopic organisms can live there,
01:52:45since it's 9.6 times saltier than oceans. Only a few bacteria and fungi can be found enjoying
01:52:51the salt. It's also Earth's lowest elevation on land, at 1,400 feet below sea level.
01:52:58Al-Naslah All the way in Saudi Arabia is a rock
01:53:02sliced perfectly in the middle with two pieces sitting parallel. What makes Al-Naslah so unique
01:53:08is that it wasn't artificially done, but is a result of nature's work over the years.
01:53:15This glacier may look like someone dropped tons of red paint in the middle of Antarctica,
01:53:19but it's actually the natural color. Blood falls is a result of extreme salted water
01:53:24mixed with iron oxide, giving out this eerie vibe in the middle of nowhere.
01:53:31In Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam, you can enjoy your coffee just a few feet away
01:53:36from an actual moving train. The locals who live in this neighborhood have to make sure
01:53:41no one is on the tracks when the train drives by twice a day. On a crowded day,
01:53:46you would have to stick yourself on a wall behind you or head inside the many coffee shops nearby.
01:53:51Frozen bubbles are a common thing in Abraham Lake, Canada. They look like some jelly-like substance,
01:53:58but they're just methane gas produced by bacteria when they eat the organisms that sink to the
01:54:03bottom. During the process, methane bubbles are released, but since it's below freezing
01:54:08temperatures, these bubbles become frozen in place. Australia is home to a unique horizontal
01:54:15waterfall on the coast of the Kimberley region. It's really just a fast tidal flow moving through
01:54:21narrow aligned rocks. The tides can rise 30 feet. The falls reverse whenever the tide changes.
01:54:28Also down under is the biggest single rock in the world. It's so big that it even looks like
01:54:33a large hill. It has a circumference of 6 miles and is 1,100 feet high. The edges are eroded
01:54:40since the rock has been around forever. Antelope Canyon in Arizona, also known as
01:54:47the place where water runs through rock, has two sections of slotted canyons. Throughout
01:54:52the years, the water running through sandstone has created picturesque formations like no other.
01:54:59In the Philippines, you can swim in some of the most crystal-clear waters
01:55:03and discover an underwater world below you in the province of Palawan. The municipality of Coron
01:55:10has white sandy beaches with many small boats riding through the many amazing sceneries.
01:55:17Tristan de Cunha is a small volcanic archipelago in the Atlantic with the only neighboring cities
01:55:23of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Cape Town, South Africa. It takes 7 days by ship to get to this
01:55:29unique place. If you want to escape from the rest of the world, staying with the 280 locals will
01:55:35make you feel like you're away from everything. An island even more isolated than Tristan de Cunha
01:55:42is Pitcairn Island. 1,350 miles off of Tahiti, this place is a mixture of British, Polynesian,
01:55:49and other Pacific Islanders living remotely with the volcanic soil used for crops.
01:55:54The population is around 50 people. The little island is considered to be the second-largest
01:55:59marine protected area. If you plan on visiting, be ready for a long sea voyage on a supply ship
01:56:05that hosts 12 passengers. This abandoned fantasy-like railway tunnel in Ukraine is one
01:56:12of the most romantic places you could visit. Walking through leaves and lush green plants
01:56:17feels like you're in a fairy tale. Croatia's Plitvice Lakes National Park is a major tourist
01:56:25attraction and a World Heritage Site with many unique animals and plants teeming around.
01:56:30It looks like an epic movie set with infinite waterfalls flowing from every direction
01:56:35and the clear lakes all around. Lake Baikal, Siberia, is the oldest lake in the world
01:56:42and contains 20% of unfrozen fresh water on Earth. It's also the deepest lake in the world
01:56:48with a maximum depth of 5,400 feet. It's one of the most diverse places for organisms due to its
01:56:54age and isolation. More than 1,300 species of animals and 570 plants live here. An underground
01:57:04crystal cave exists in Mexico, and it looks like some interstellar world. It's roughly 1,000 feet
01:57:10beneath the surface with each spike measuring up to 35 feet in length and weighing up to 55 tons.
01:57:16These are some of the largest crystals in the world.
01:57:21Red sand is what makes this beach unique and why tourists flock to Tianjin, China.
01:57:26A red-colored plant called the Suida Salsa dwells in the saltwater. The whole beach is covered in
01:57:32red with only the top layer of the sea visible. Also in China are the Tianzi Mountains, which
01:57:40inspired a famous Hollywood movie. These unique mountains spread across 20 square miles located
01:57:45in the Wuling-Yuan area. Millions of years of rock erosion created this amazing beauty.
01:57:54All the way over in sunny California is Sequoia National Park, home to the Giant Forest. It's
01:58:00been around for thousands of years. More than 8,000 of these colossal trees rule the land,
01:58:06including 10 of the largest living plants in the world. The General Sherman Sequoia is estimated
01:58:11to be up to 2,700 years old and is recognized as the world's largest known living tree by volume.
01:58:20Japan's Cat Island has a population of less than 10 people and over 120 cats. The island
01:58:27is located in a remote region, and the locals love it. If you're visiting this place,
01:58:32make sure to bring someone who loves cats. Yemen is home to the oldest skyscrapers in the world
01:58:39and the oldest metropolis. The ancient city of Shebam is considered to be the Manhattan of the
01:58:45desert due to the collection of mud buildings popping out of the desert floor. It was used as
01:58:50a caravan stop during ancient times. These mud-brick buildings are 7 stories high and were
01:58:56built out of fertile soil, hay, and water that were made into bricks and left to bake under the
01:59:01sun for days. The ground floors were used for keeping livestock and grains, and the upper
01:59:06levels were places for socializing and catching good views. The chemical composition of the ancient
01:59:14hot springs in Pamukkale, Turkey, makes the water pouring over the edge look magical. They're not
01:59:20only good for cleansing your body, but the mind too! The shape and formation of these rocks aren't
01:59:26a result of some human's work. They were created by intense volcanic eruptions. Scientists are
01:59:31still confused why the Giant's Causeway in Ireland is shaped in such a weird way.
01:59:38Suqatra is an alien-like island off the coast of Yemen in the Indian Ocean, with one of the
01:59:43most unique trees ever seen. It's called the Dragon Tree, and it can only be found on this
01:59:49amazing island. In 2008, it was labeled as a World Heritage Site. Black Falls in Iceland gets
01:59:57its name from the dark lava columns surrounding it. The base of the waterfall has sharp rocks.
02:00:02The entire structure was the inspiration for Icelandic architecture seen in some of their
02:00:07famous buildings. That's it for today! So, hey, if you pacified your curiosity,
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