Survival Tricks You Must Know Even If You'll Never Use Them

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Transcript

00:00:00So, you're on vacation and things go horribly wrong.

00:00:05If you're falling from a cliff, do your best to break your way down to several parts

00:00:09– the shorter the better.

00:00:11Each of the segments will absorb some impact of the fall, and you'll have much higher

00:00:16chances of surviving.

00:00:18Try to grab onto a sturdy object, like a bush or a rock, on your way to the bottom to slow

00:00:23down your movement.

00:00:24A piece of wood or a plank can also be useful – it might help you to soften your fall

00:00:29when you hit the ground.

00:00:31If your pan has caught fire, don't take it outside or try to put the fire out with

00:00:36water.

00:00:37It'll worsen the situation.

00:00:38Cover the flames with a metal lid.

00:00:40This way, you'll take away the source of oxygen.

00:00:43Your movement should be fast, but smooth and calm.

00:00:47Remember to keep the lid between yourself and the flames.

00:00:50Leave it on until the pan has cooled.

00:00:52If a fire is tiny and manageable, you can use salt or baking soda to put it out.

00:00:58By the way, using baking powder, flour, and other cooking powders that look like salt

00:01:02or baking soda is a big no-no.

00:01:05They won't help you because their chemical makeup is different.

00:01:09If you find yourself in a panic-stricken crowd, your main task is to create some space around

00:01:14yourself.

00:01:15To do it, keep your hands by your chest, your arms bent at the elbow.

00:01:20Boxers often use this position to protect their vital organs.

00:01:24As you cross the crowd's path, move together with it, slowly drifting toward one of its

00:01:28sides.

00:01:29Be careful not to block anyone's way because, in this case, you can be pushed to the ground.

00:01:34If you're with your family, put the kid on your shoulders and let the weaker members

00:01:38of the family go in front of you.

00:01:41This way, you'll be able to control the movement and won't lose anyone.

00:01:45If someone's attacking you from behind on the street, stomp on their foot.

00:01:49Do it with all the strength you have and aim for the top of the foot.

00:01:53It can damage and even break several foot bones, which will make it difficult for the

00:01:57attacker to follow you.

00:02:00If you get locked in a car trunk, try to send an SOS signal to people outside.

00:02:05To do it, look for the taillights wires.

00:02:08There are usually at least two of them for each light.

00:02:11Find something sharp in the trunk and cut one of those wires.

00:02:14When you connect the ends again, the lights will flash.

00:02:18If your car brakes suddenly stop responding, ask the passengers, if you have any, to make

00:02:23sure their seatbelts are buckled.

00:02:25Then turn on the emergency lights.

00:02:27Inform other drivers you're having an emergency by using your car horn and long-range lights.

00:02:33With strong and abrupt moves, press the brake pedal.

00:02:36That's how you can create pressure in the braking system.

00:02:39After that, downshift carefully and put the gearshift into the L position.

00:02:44If your car has a mechanical gearbox, press the clutch pedal.

00:02:48After that, use manual brakes but do it very slowly.

00:02:52A sudden movement, and your car will begin to drift.

00:02:55To slow your car down, you can also try to turn left and right going from one row to

00:03:00another.

00:03:02If you've fallen through ice into freezing water, try to get back to the edge of the

00:03:06ice.

00:03:07Don't pull yourself out by grabbing it.

00:03:09The edge will keep breaking, and you'll exhaust yourself in no time.

00:03:13Kick your legs until your body is positioned horizontally in the water.

00:03:17After that, get out of the water and onto the ice like a seal.

00:03:21Once you've made it there, don't stand up.

00:03:23Remain spread out.

00:03:25This way your weight will be distributed over a larger area.

00:03:28Then the ice will be less likely to break.

00:03:32The most effective way to help a person who's choking is to perform the Heimlich maneuver.

00:03:37But what if you choke while you're on your own?

00:03:40Make a fist with one hand and position the thumb side above your navel but below your

00:03:45ribcage.

00:03:47Grab this fist with your other hand and lean over a table edge or a chair.

00:03:51Then start pressing into the upper part of your abdomen using fast upward thrusts.

00:03:56Repeat them until the foreign object pops out.

00:03:59Or you can stand on your elbows and knees and then throw your arms forward really fast.

00:04:04You'll fall flat on the floor with your arms stretched out in front of you and your

00:04:08chest and stomach hitting the ground.

00:04:10It'll push the air out of your lungs and, hopefully, dislodge the object stuck in your

00:04:15airway.

00:04:16The whole process is going to be painful, but it can save your life.

00:04:21If you're at sea and spot a whirlpool coming towards you, don't panic.

00:04:25If you understand which way it's spinning, ride its side and use the whirlpool's current

00:04:30to catapult you out of danger.

00:04:32If you start fighting it, you're likely to get pulled inside.

00:04:35There's also a chance a whirlpool will dissolve or become weaker closer to the bottom.

00:04:41So if you do get trapped by it, take a deep breath and wait for an opportunity to swim

00:04:45away and up.

00:04:48If you're stuck in a falling elevator, lie down on your back and try to occupy as much

00:04:53space as possible.

00:04:55Your body fat and muscles are compressible – they'll absorb the impact force.

00:04:59If you can't lie down, opt for sitting – it's still better than standing.

00:05:03Your backside will act like an airbag in a car.

00:05:07But whatever position you take, try to cover your head.

00:05:10The best way to do it is to put one arm in front of your face and the other on the back

00:05:15of your neck.

00:05:16A lightning storm might catch you out in the open, and there will be nowhere to hide.

00:05:21Kneel or squat down with your head between your knees and your hands covering your ears.

00:05:26If there's a tall object in the area, stay away from it.

00:05:29There must be a distance of at least two objects' heights between you and this thing.

00:05:34Other people count too.

00:05:36So if you get caught in the storm with a group of friends, spread out until it's over.

00:05:42If you get trapped under some debris, for example, during an earthquake, your main

00:05:46task is to protect your breathing organs.

00:05:49Plus, you have to make your air supply last as long as possible.

00:05:53Take your shirt off and tie its bottom in a knot.

00:05:55Then put it back on your head through the neck hole.

00:05:58The knot should be on the top of your head.

00:06:01This way, you'll get a makeshift hood that will protect your face from dust, sand, and

00:06:05debris.

00:06:06It will also provide you with a bit of oxygen while you're trying to get back to the surface.

00:06:12If you see a tornado closing in, and you have no basement in your house, lie down in a bathtub.

00:06:19Use a pillow to protect your head from all kinds of debris that may fall down.

00:06:23Experts claim that the plumbing in the bathroom walls adds structural strength to this place.

00:06:28But if your bathroom has windows or an exterior-facing wall, opt for a more secure place.

00:06:34For example, a closet.

00:06:36The more walls that separate you from the tornado, the better.

00:06:40Smoke is the most life-threatening thing about a house fire.

00:06:44If you find yourself trapped in a burning building, stay low and crawl toward the nearest

00:06:49exit.

00:06:50The smoke usually rises up to the ceiling, that's why crouching might help you to avoid

00:06:54inhaling it.

00:06:55If you have a piece of cloth or a handkerchief, put it against your mouth.

00:06:59It'll act as a filter against the smoke.

00:07:02If you got stuck in quicksand, do all you can to keep your head and arms above the surface

00:07:07at all times.

00:07:09Start to carefully wiggle your legs.

00:07:12Quicksand should fill the space they once occupied.

00:07:15As soon as you can, stretch out on your back.

00:07:17It'll increase your surface area.

00:07:19Keep making tiny movements until your legs are free.

00:07:23You can also use backstroke motions with your arms.

00:07:25It'll help pull your legs out.

00:07:28If you've gotten caught in an avalanche and are being dragged along with a huge mass

00:07:33of snow, try to stay on top of it.

00:07:35To do it, make swimming motions with your whole body as if you were moving against the

00:07:40river current.

00:07:41When you feel the avalanche is slowing down, try to raise something over its surface.

00:07:45It can be your arm, leg, or a ski pole.

00:07:48This way, rescuers will find you more easily.

00:07:51With the other hand, make a small air pocket in front of your face.

00:07:55Try to slow down your breathing to save as much air as possible.

00:08:00Bottom line – if all these things keep happening to you over and over, you're not very lucky,

00:08:06are you?

00:08:07So, please, don't invite me along on your next vacation.

00:08:13You can turn ordinary matches into waterproof ones.

00:08:16Apply a thin coat of nail polish to the matches and let it dry.

00:08:20Once they're ready, they'll stay dry enough to start a fire even if you drop the matches

00:08:24in the water.

00:08:26If you get lost somewhere during the winter and need a drink, then don't eat snow.

00:08:31It has much more air than water, so you won't even feel much more hydrated.

00:08:35Your body also wastes a lot of energy trying to eat it.

00:08:38Even worse, you might lower your body temperature and could even get sick.

00:08:43If you find yourself face-to-face with a coyote or a wolf, don't turn your back.

00:08:48Slowly retreat while facing the animal.

00:08:51This might only work for a single animal, though.

00:08:54If you meet a pack, then the most important thing is to make sure that they don't surround

00:08:58you.

00:08:59Back away towards a tree and pressure back against it.

00:09:02Then choose the right moment and climb it as quickly as possible.

00:09:06Several layers of clothing will warm you better than one warm fur coat or down jacket.

00:09:12Air will be trapped between the clothing layers, insulating you and keeping your body warm.

00:09:17If you get lost in the woods, always try to sleep a little above the ground.

00:09:21You can lay on a layer of branches and leaves as a makeshift bed, or stretch a hammock out

00:09:26between some trees.

00:09:28At night, the temperature drops, and the ground becomes cold.

00:09:31Even if you build a fire, it could go out while you sleep, and the ground will be sapping

00:09:36your body heat.

00:09:37You're in a boat in the middle of the sea, no food, no fishing net, and you're hungry.

00:09:43It was supposed to be only a 3-hour tour.

00:09:45Well, guess what?

00:09:47You can catch fish with the help of shoelaces and any object – phone, watch, or keys.

00:09:52The shadow cast by the boat in the sea can attract fish, and a reflective object can

00:09:57work as bait.

00:09:58Tie your keys to your shoelaces and use them as a fishing rod.

00:10:03Even if a fish doesn't bite, activities like this are a good way to maintain a healthy

00:10:07mind on the open sea.

00:10:11A short meditation can save you from a panic attack.

00:10:14You need to focus on your breathing and try to slow it down.

00:10:18Your brain will quickly calm down and turn its focus away from the panic.

00:10:23Oxygen masks and airplanes work on the same principle.

00:10:26When you control your breathing, your attention is redirected away from whatever bad thing

00:10:30is happening.

00:10:33You can make a torch out of a log.

00:10:35Put a small log vertically, make a deep star-shaped cut on the top, put dry grass leaves and sticks

00:10:41inside.

00:10:43Once you're done, set fire to the log and watch it burn for up to 3 hours.

00:10:47This should work the same, regardless of the size and type of wood.

00:10:52If you meet an angry grizzly bear, never try to run away because the bear can easily outrun

00:10:57you.

00:10:58Instead, lie down and don't move.

00:11:01Grizzlies only usually attack when they see a threat, so they'll often leave you alone

00:11:06if you show them that you won't cause them any problems.

00:11:09This only works with grizzly bears, though.

00:11:11If a confrontation is unavoidable, back away slowly and use bear spray.

00:11:16If you don't have any, pepper spray will work similarly and should disorient the bear

00:11:21and scare it away.

00:11:23Or not.

00:11:24Don't eat berries or mushrooms in the forest if you don't know exactly what they are.

00:11:30They could be poisonous.

00:11:32If you have no other option, eat the inner bark of maples, birches, and pines to fill

00:11:37your stomach.

00:11:38Use a knife to cut away the rough outer bark and get to the softer white stuff.

00:11:42You can boil it to make it even softer, or cook it over an open fire to make a crunchy

00:11:47snack.

00:11:48And if you're really starving, you can look for ants.

00:11:52They might not be the most appetizing, but they're pretty nutritious.

00:11:56If you don't have a watch, you can use your fingers to find out how much time is left

00:12:00until sunset.

00:12:02Raise your hand so the inside of your palm is facing you.

00:12:06Your fingers should be between the sun and the horizon line.

00:12:09See how many fingers can fit in this space.

00:12:12The thickness of one finger equals about 15 minutes, so you can calculate the time left

00:12:18before sunset.

00:12:20If you're lost and need to build a fire to attract attention, throw in a lot of pine,

00:12:24cedar branches, cones, and any unnecessary rubber objects.

00:12:29Your fire will emit more black smoke, which makes it visible from afar.

00:12:34If you have no water in the desert but have some food, try to avoid eating for as long

00:12:39as you can.

00:12:40The more you eat, the more thirsty you'll get.

00:12:42The body needs liquid to digest food, so it'll use up what little you have.

00:12:47A person can live much longer without food than without water, so don't be afraid to

00:12:52stay hungry.

00:12:54You found a huge puddle of dirty water in the forest.

00:12:58If you're desperate for a drink, you can fill your bottle and filter it into drinking

00:13:02water.

00:13:03To clean it, make a rope of gauze or clothing.

00:13:06Put one end into the dirty bottle and the other one into the empty one.

00:13:11Before long, the clean water will flow into the empty bottle through the rope while the

00:13:15impurities are left behind.

00:13:19Before hiking, replace your regular shoelaces with paracord shoelaces.

00:13:23If you don't have enough rope, these laces can give you a few extra feet in a pinch.

00:13:28If you're lost in the forest and have nothing to warm you, then take dry leaves and grass

00:13:33from the ground and put it between two layers of clothing.

00:13:37This will help you stay warm for a long time.

00:13:40When you're lost in the desert, try to move as little as possible during the day.

00:13:45Find a shadow or create it from improvised materials and sit in the shade until dark.

00:13:51At night, you'll spend much less energy and use up less fluid while you walk.

00:13:56This will help you to avoid the risk of a heat stroke.

00:14:00If you fall through some ice, don't try to get out like you would in a pool.

00:14:04If you put your hands on the ice and try to push yourself out with your arms, it could

00:14:08crack and make you fall back into the water.

00:14:11You need to stretch your arms parallel to the ice surface and stretch your legs way

00:14:15back so they float in the water.

00:14:18In this horizontal position, start waving your legs as if you're swimming, move your

00:14:22arms carefully without putting too much weight on the ice, and you should be able to escape.

00:14:28If you need to build a fire while it's too windy, here's what to do.

00:14:32Dig two holes next to each other and create a small underground tunnel between them.

00:14:37Make a fire in one of the pits.

00:14:40The wind can't extinguish it, and the fire gets its air through the second pit.

00:14:44This method is also useful if you need to build a fire without drawing attention.

00:14:49In the dark, this kind of fire won't be visible.

00:14:53Don't throw away or pop bubble wrap.

00:14:55Take it on a hike with you.

00:14:57It will protect you from the cold better than even a thick blanket would.

00:15:01Those tiny air bubbles are perfect insulation.

00:15:04Just put it in between layers of clothing, and it'll stop any warmth from escaping.

00:15:09The plastic it's made of is also waterproof, so it can stop you from getting wet too.

00:15:16Swimming in the sea not far from the shore, you can easily get swept up in rip currents.

00:15:21If this happens, the most important thing to remember is not to swim against the current.

00:15:26This will only waste your strength and sap your energy, and you're unlikely to ever

00:15:31overpower an ocean current.

00:15:33Instead, try to swim sideways along the shore.

00:15:37Sooner or later, you should get out of the current, and then you can safely swim to the

00:15:41beach.

00:15:42If you're stuck in a falling elevator, don't try to jump at the moment of collision.

00:15:49Don't take a sitting position or stand either.

00:15:52You need to lie on the floor, facing the ceiling.

00:15:55Spread your legs as wide as possible, cover your face with one hand, and put the other

00:15:59hand behind your head for protection.

00:16:02You reduce the pressure on your body in this position when you fall.

00:16:06Boom, you're lost!

00:16:08A rescue helicopter flies over the forest, but you don't have a flare and don't have

00:16:12time to build a fire.

00:16:14Use a small mirror or a phone screen to reflect the sunlight.

00:16:18Aim the light beam towards the helicopter.

00:16:20Rescuers should notice the glare and fly over to save you.

00:16:25If you're in the heart of the Sahara Desert, you're going to take part in a marathon.

00:16:30From this point, you need to walk 600 miles east to the meeting point.

00:16:34You want to prove to yourself that you can survive in any conditions.

00:16:37Open sea, the icy lands of Antarctica, the Amazon jungle – you've been everywhere!

00:16:43And now it's the turn of the hot desert.

00:16:46The key to success in any journey is preparation.

00:16:49You take a large backpack filled with necessary stuff.

00:16:52A small hatchet for chopping off dry branches.

00:16:55A compass.

00:16:56A sleeping bag.

00:16:57You can't rely on GPS as the connection may be lost in the desert.

00:17:01Matches.

00:17:02A first-aid kit.

00:17:03Water purification tablets.

00:17:05A flashlight.

00:17:06Also, you need a scarf, a bandana, sealed glasses that will protect your eyes from sand,

00:17:11and light clothing that can cover your entire body.

00:17:14A raincoat or a tent will also be useful.

00:17:17You need all this to protect your body from sand and sunlight.

00:17:21For the same reason, you pack gloves too.

00:17:24You can't eat highly nutritious food.

00:17:26To digest it, your body needs a lot of energy and liquid, and those are the most important

00:17:30and sparse things in the desert.

00:17:33Diet bars or dried fruits are great options.

00:17:36Also, you need a lot of water.

00:17:37A lot of water.

00:17:39It's safer to take several smaller bottles than one large container.

00:17:43If this container gets damaged, you'll be left without water.

00:17:47And when you have several bottles, you reduce this risk.

00:17:50The backpack is filled and you're ready to start your journey.

00:17:53A helicopter takes you to the middle of the desert.

00:17:56First of all, you lubricate your nostrils with a moisturizing cream.

00:17:59This is necessary to prevent the mucus membranes from drying.

00:18:03Hot air can burn your nose, and you can't breathe through your mouth not to lose valuable

00:18:08moisture.

00:18:09You walk a few feet and stop.

00:18:11It would be a mistake to travel through such a hot place during the day.

00:18:14You'll start sweating and lose a lot of liquid, but your water reserves are limited.

00:18:19The ideal time for traveling is in the evening and during the night.

00:18:23At this time, it gets cold.

00:18:25You'll need to move more to keep warm.

00:18:27So you find an old fallen tree and tie an awning to it.

00:18:31You've created a shadow, which means your sleeping spot is ready.

00:18:34It's important to move as little as possible to save your energy.

00:18:39You open the map and pull out your compass.

00:18:41Then you check the route, look around, and study the desert landscape so you can navigate

00:18:46it more easily.

00:18:48You want to drink some water, but you stop yourself.

00:18:51It's better not to drink for 24 hours to make your body go into survival mode.

00:18:55You close your eyes and fall asleep.

00:18:58Sand is blowing in your face.

00:19:00You get up and see a sandstorm approaching you.

00:19:03The tree near which you've been sleeping seems too fragile.

00:19:06It won't withstand the storm.

00:19:07You urgently need some shelter.

00:19:09You put on your glasses, tie the scarf around your head, and moisten it to make breathing

00:19:14easier.

00:19:15If you didn't have a scarf, you'd need to cover your face with your hands.

00:19:18All parts of your body must be protected with clothing.

00:19:22Tiny grains of sand collide with your skin at great speed.

00:19:25Despite the protection, you feel some of them on your face.

00:19:29There is no shelter where you can hide in your butt.

00:19:31It could be a large stone, a tree, but nothing.

00:19:35Now, you need to find a hill.

00:19:37During the storm, the grains not only fly but also bounce off the ground and one another.

00:19:42When you're on a hill, most sand grains fall down its slopes, and you remain more or less

00:19:47unscathed.

00:19:48You need to get to high ground as soon as possible since it's hard to move in such conditions.

00:19:53You're losing too much energy.

00:19:55You even have to walk backward with your back turned to the wind to protect your face.

00:19:59The storm is getting stronger, but fortunately, you're already rising.

00:20:04You find yourself on a small sandy hill.

00:20:07You wrap your tent around your body and wait.

00:20:10Tired, you fall asleep again.

00:20:12A couple of hours pass.

00:20:14You open your eyes and hear silence.

00:20:17The storm is over.

00:20:19You remove the tent, shake off the sand, and inspect the territory.

00:20:23The evening is getting closer.

00:20:25The sun is no longer warm.

00:20:27You take out the compass with a map to check the route.

00:20:30But in the next moment, you find out the sandstorm has completely changed the surrounding landscape.

00:20:35It's difficult to navigate using the map when there are no familiar landmarks.

00:20:40You can easily stray off course and get lost.

00:20:43So you're not sure where to go.

00:20:45But you have water and food, and other people know approximately your location.

00:20:50In this case, it's better for you to stay where you are.

00:20:54They will start looking for you and, eventually, find you.

00:20:57You won't waste your energy and reserves.

00:21:00But…

00:21:01You look at the compass, at the map, and decide to go east.

00:21:04You're here to complete the marathon, whatever it takes.

00:21:07The night is quite cold, but constant movement helps you stay warm.

00:21:12You check your pockets and find out that you've lost your matches during the storm.

00:21:17Then you see a dry tree ahead.

00:21:19You chop off some of its branches and tie them to your backpack.

00:21:23While walking, you leave markers on the sand.

00:21:26Those are branches with pieces of cloth tied to them stuck in the ground.

00:21:30This way, you can help rescuers find you if you don't get to the meeting point.

00:21:35It's dawn.

00:21:36The sun is scorching.

00:21:38You find another tree, create a shade using the tent, drink some water, and fall asleep.

00:21:45At night, you cut off the branches of the tree and again wander through the desert.

00:21:50It seems that you're lost.

00:21:52Your water is running out faster than planned.

00:21:54You're snacking on an energy bar, and your body demands even more water.

00:21:59The most important thing in this situation is to stay calm.

00:22:03Fear drains your energy.

00:22:05You try to imagine the desert as your home, and you know it perfectly.

00:22:09This gives you strength and confidence.

00:22:12You find the ruins of an old building and hide in its shadow.

00:22:16After that, you put the branches in one pile and set them on fire with a mirror.

00:22:21You need the fire so that rescuers notice the smoke.

00:22:24Unfortunately, there's no helicopter flying in the sky.

00:22:28You continue on your way the next night and discover that only one bottle of water is

00:22:32left.

00:22:33You try to eat as little as possible so that your body doesn't waste energy on digesting

00:22:38food.

00:22:39It makes you weaker.

00:22:40Now your goal is to replenish your supplies.

00:22:43To do this, you need to wait for dawn.

00:22:46Then you'll look at the sky, find the clouds, and go in that direction.

00:22:50Where there are clouds, there should be life and water.

00:22:54But very soon, you understand that the sun is too hot.

00:22:58You make a shadow again.

00:22:59Exhausted, you lie down and quickly fall asleep.

00:23:04The sun has changed its position and is now shining straight on you.

00:23:08Its heat wakes you up.

00:23:09You don't have any water left.

00:23:12You get up and look for some rocks or vegetation.

00:23:15You can get some liquid from grass, plants, or bushes.

00:23:18After rains, moisture remains under stones for a long time.

00:23:22Pick them up and check, but carefully.

00:23:24Scorpion snakes and spiders can hide there.

00:23:27Also, you need to look at the sand to find some animal or insect traces.

00:23:32Animals always go toward water sources, and you need to follow them.

00:23:36But be very attentive.

00:23:38Those can be traces of cheetahs or African wild dogs.

00:23:42You're too weak to defend yourself against them.

00:23:44You need to spot the animals from afar and wait for them to drink first.

00:23:49You find some footprints.

00:23:50A group of spotted hyenas is walking in the distance.

00:23:54You slowly follow them.

00:23:56They lead you to an oasis.

00:23:58You wait for a couple of hours for them to get enough to drink.

00:24:01Finally, they leave the place, and you can quench your thirst.

00:24:06Don't forget to throw purification tablets into the water.

00:24:09But even if you don't have them, you should drink anyway.

00:24:12In any case, it can't get any worse.

00:24:15Also, it's important not to drink a lot at once.

00:24:18Your body is exhausted and can't process a lot of liquid quickly.

00:24:22You drink slowly, in small sips.

00:24:25It feels as if you can do this for hours.

00:24:28Then you eat and pour some water into your bottles.

00:24:31No longer hungry, feeling satisfied and happy, you fall asleep again.

00:24:36Some noise wakes you up.

00:24:37A helicopter!

00:24:38It's flying right over you!

00:24:41You scream and wave your hands, but the rescuers don't notice you.

00:24:44It's too late to make a fire.

00:24:46The helicopter is leaving.

00:24:48Think, think.

00:24:49You take out the mirror, catch a sunbeam, and direct it at the helicopter.

00:24:54Ah, the rescuers have noticed you!

00:24:57You're saved.

00:24:58You're walking down the street and hear a familiar buzzing.

00:25:02You're so scared, you sweat and stop.

00:25:06The next second, you notice a yellow beetle with black stripes.

00:25:10The smell of your sweat attracted this bug.

00:25:12It's like nectar to it.

00:25:14No worries though, it can't bite you.

00:25:16The only thing this bug can do is lick you.

00:25:19And no, it's not a bee.

00:25:22This is a hoverfly, a kind of flies.

00:25:25Unlike bees, bumblebees, and wasps, it's harmless.

00:25:29But this is not the only reason why you shouldn't squish it.

00:25:34Hoverflies pollinate plants around them.

00:25:36Just like bees, they're crucial for nature's life cycle.

00:25:40The larvae of these beetles are indispensable helpers in any garden.

00:25:44They feed on aphids and other flower pests.

00:25:47When you instill a larva, one hoverfly can eat about 400 aphids.

00:25:52Imagine how many parasites thousands of larvae can destroy.

00:25:56These kind and harmless insects have no chance of resisting their enemies,

00:26:00birds and predatory insects.

00:26:03So they developed an amazing deceptive way of protection.

00:26:08Hoverflies are actors in the world of bugs.

00:26:11They learned to mimic the appearance of bees and wasps,

00:26:14to instill fear in those who want to eat them.

00:26:17Many animals and insects know how painful a wasp can bite,

00:26:21so they are wary of them.

00:26:22When a spider, a mantis, or a bird notices hoverflies,

00:26:27they are afraid to approach because they think it's a bee.

00:26:30But appearance alone is not enough, so these amazing flies can move like bees.

00:26:36Some species imitate a bite, flying towards the enemy,

00:26:40pretending they have a bee sting.

00:26:42Some hoverflies also raise their front paws above their heads

00:26:46to make them look like bees' antennas.

00:26:48Their behavior is sending a clear message to prospective enemies.

00:26:52Don't get closer, I'm a wasp and I'm going to sting you.

00:26:56But the coolest thing about rare types of hoverflies is their annoying hum.

00:27:01They make a sound resembling the buzzing of bees

00:27:03and scare away foes more effectively.

00:27:06Bees don't fight hoverflies, they pollinate flowers together and drink nectar.

00:27:11So don't squish it, it's not going to do you any bad.

00:27:14By the way, even if a bee or a wasp are flying nearby, don't try to hit them.

00:27:19Most likely, you won't catch them with the first hit,

00:27:22which will make the bugs angry.

00:27:23Just be calm and the bee will fly away.

00:27:27Another insect you shouldn't crush is the ladybug.

00:27:30First, it's beautiful and can be yellow, orange, red, grey and black.

00:27:35Not all of them have spots.

00:27:37Second, it doesn't pose any danger to you.

00:27:40But the main reason to keep ladybugs safe is that they feed on aphids

00:27:44and many other soft-bodied insect pests.

00:27:47So they can be a great help in the garden.

00:27:50The green lacewing is a tiny, fragile insect with transparent wings

00:27:54that resembles a miniature alligator because of its green color.

00:27:58Adult lacewings aren't that useful.

00:28:00They feed on nectar and make your garden more beautiful with their good looks.

00:28:04But at an earlier stage of life, these insects are effective aphid exterminators.

00:28:09That's why lacewings' larvae are called aphid lions.

00:28:13They also eat ticks and eggs of other insect pests.

00:28:17Bees are considered to be the most useful bugs in the world.

00:28:21According to some studies, they pollinate about 80% of fruits,

00:28:25vegetables, grains and nuts in the US.

00:28:29In one day, one bee can pollinate a huge number of flowers and trees.

00:28:35They also produce honey.

00:28:36According to research, honey is a product with an unlimited shelf life.

00:28:40Scientists have discovered an ancient Egyptian tomb

00:28:43and found plates with edible honey in there.

00:28:46Bees are absolutely necessary for our planet.

00:28:49About a third of the world's food production requires bee pollination.

00:28:53Cows eat vegetation that bees pollinate.

00:28:56And if there were no bees, it would greatly affect the health of all the world's cattle.

00:29:00A lot of fruits and berries would lose their taste if the bees stopped fertilizing them.

00:29:05We get most of the cotton on the planet thanks to pollination by these insects.

00:29:09There would be a shortage of genes if the bees disappeared.

00:29:13The taste of many products would deteriorate,

00:29:15and the food would likely lose its useful properties.

00:29:18So, think twice before swatting at a bee.

00:29:22These bugs look like huge mosquitoes.

00:29:24They have long paws and a thin proboscis.

00:29:27Don't squish them.

00:29:28They are crane flies, some of the most harmless and gentle insects on the planet.

00:29:33They mostly live near water and close to large vegetation in moist places.

00:29:38They don't bite anyone with their long proboscis,

00:29:40but use it to feed on the plant's nectar.

00:29:43Some species don't have a mouth and proboscis at all.

00:29:46They don't eat anything and live a short life.

00:29:48They use fat reserves they have accumulated while they were larvae.

00:29:52Some people believe if you see this insect, it's a sign the frosts are over.

00:29:57And spring will come soon.

00:29:59You shouldn't catch them because they are an important element in nature.

00:30:02Many frogs, birds, spiders, fish, and insects feed on crane flies.

00:30:07It's better to let a crane fly be someone's lunch than crush it.

00:30:12A house centipede is a pretty terrifying insect to encounter.

00:30:16This long creature with 15 pairs of long legs can live in your bathroom or even bedroom.

00:30:21But don't touch it.

00:30:22A centipede is a helpful neighbor.

00:30:25It preys on small insect pests, controls the population of cockroaches,

00:30:29midges, flies, termites, and other bugs.

00:30:32A centipede won't appear in your house just like that.

00:30:35It comes only if there's some crawling food for it in the room.

00:30:39You can squish it and relax for a while, but then small pests will arrive at your house.

00:30:44If you give a centipede a chance, it will destroy all unwanted guests and leave.

00:30:50These creatures are solitary predators and won't start a colony or build a nest on your bed.

00:30:56They don't carry any diseases either.

00:30:58And of course, they won't be the first to attack you.

00:31:00Most likely, they'll just run away if you scare them.

00:31:04By the way, they run fast.

00:31:07Other friendly but scary-looking neighbors you might have are spiders.

00:31:11They catch bedbugs, mosquitoes, flies, and other small insects.

00:31:16If you have a black widow or some other poisonous species in your house,

00:31:20it's better to call a pest control service to get rid of those monsters.

00:31:24Mantises are quite helpful creatures.

00:31:27They hunt insects that spoil your flowers and do it so effectively.

00:31:31They can exterminate entire colonies.

00:31:34They can control the population of some bugs.

00:31:36Many people buy mantises and release them in their gardens.

00:31:40A brown marmorated stink bug isn't helpful or too friendly, so you'd better not touch it.

00:31:46These bugs emit an awful smell when they sense any danger.

00:31:49Squishing them has the same effect.

00:31:52This is a pretty effective way to defend against enemies for these creatures.

00:31:56Stink bugs are pests and aren't welcome in any home.

00:31:59To get rid of them, use a vacuum cleaner or a bowl of soapy water.

00:32:03Throw a bug there, and the soap will stop the unpleasant smell

00:32:06and minimize damage to your smell receptors.

00:32:10Earwigs are not as nasty as you might think.

00:32:13And no, they don't crawl into your ears to lay eggs there.

00:32:16This is a common myth that turned them into dangerous enemies for many people.

00:32:20In reality, they're your friends and helpers.

00:32:23Earwigs have forceps, but they use them for defense, not attack.

00:32:27Don't touch this insect if you see it in your garden

00:32:30because it helps to dispose of rotten leaves, herbs, and plants.

00:32:34Earwigs are scavengers.

00:32:36If you found them in your apartment,

00:32:37then carefully use a piece of paper to throw it outside.

00:32:41You're unlikely to see peacock spiders in your house

00:32:44because they live in the forests of Australia.

00:32:46But if you happen to run into one, don't try to squish it.

00:32:49These tiny creatures are the size of a grain of rice.

00:32:53They are poisonous, but their jaws can't fight through human skin.

00:32:57So they are harmless.

00:32:59They have a multicolored pattern similar to peacocks.

00:33:02They use it not to scare some enemies, but to attract female spiders.

00:33:07They dance to mate and have offspring.

00:33:09In total, there are about 50 species of peacock spiders.

00:33:13And they all dance differently.

00:33:15They lift their buttocks, shake them, and tap their paws on the floor.

00:33:19They are some of the cutest spiders in the world.

00:33:22They belong to the jump spiders family, which means they don't spin webs.

00:33:26Instead, they stalk their prey like a leopard,

00:33:29then jump on it and inject venom.

00:33:32They can attack a prey three times bigger than their size.

00:33:40You're up to your neck in cold water.

00:33:42There's ice all around you.

00:33:43You've got to get out.

00:33:45When you're swimming in freezing cold water,

00:33:47your body can get a bit of a shock.

00:33:49Your reflexes might make you want to gasp, but don't.

00:33:53Just do your best to keep your head above water.

00:33:55Throw off any heavy objects like boots, jackets, or backpacks.

00:34:00When you reach some ice, don't just try and jump out.

00:34:02It's not exactly a swimming pool.

00:34:04Try to get into a horizontal position and use your strong legs

00:34:08to swim onto the ice.

00:34:10Use your hands to pull you out.

00:34:12Once you're on the surface, roll away from the edge, then crawl,

00:34:15then walk.

00:34:19If you're venturing into the wild, you may

00:34:21want to get some stuff ready beforehand.

00:34:24Make your own fire starter at home.

00:34:26Heat up some water in a pan.

00:34:28Put a Pyrex container in there and melt some paraffin wax inside it.

00:34:32Then take an egg carton and put some dryer lint in each section.

00:34:36Fill them with paraffin.

00:34:39Wait till it's all solid and cut out each little section.

00:34:42Just one of these little guys will make starting a fire way easier.

00:34:48Dental floss can be super handy for surviving in the wild.

00:34:51You can use it as fishing line with a canned tab as a hook.

00:34:55Or you can use it as a clothesline.

00:34:57Just stretch it between two trees.

00:34:59It looks kind of flimsy, but a single strand can hold up to five pounds.

00:35:03It's also quite flammable.

00:35:05So if you're having trouble starting a fire,

00:35:07you can use a few feet of floss to start it up.

00:35:11You can make a seriously strong rope using a simple plastic bottle

00:35:15if you have a good pair of scissors.

00:35:17Cut off the neck of the bottle so it looks like a tall and narrow cup.

00:35:21Then start cutting it like some people peel an orange,

00:35:24round and round in a spiral.

00:35:27Try to keep it the same thickness the whole time.

00:35:29It'll be a lot longer and stronger than you're expecting.

00:35:33You can use it to tie sticks together to make a hut.

00:35:36Or you can wrap it around your backpack in case it rips or something.

00:35:42Sugar might be damaging for your teeth, but it's got a pretty sweet superpower.

00:35:48Just pour some on a piece of cloth and use it like a Band-Aid.

00:35:51Oh, delicious.

00:35:54Mosquitoes can be a real pain, and there are loads of them around.

00:35:58You can make your own DIY repellent to keep those little guys away.

00:36:02All you need is an orange, a lemon, or any other citrus fruit.

00:36:06They're full of essential oils that mosquitoes can't stand.

00:36:11Peel an orange and rub the peel directly on your skin.

00:36:15Just make sure to crumple it a bit beforehand

00:36:17to help those precious essential oils come out.

00:36:20Another good way to keep the mosquitoes at bay

00:36:22is to add a bit of orange peel to your campfire.

00:36:25That releases the essential oils into the air.

00:36:30You're getting hungry, but you don't have anything to start a fire with.

00:36:34Empty your pockets.

00:36:36There might be something in there that you can use as a makeshift fire starter.

00:36:39If you have a battery and a metal chewing gum wrapper, you're in business.

00:36:44Cut a thin strip of the wrapper long enough

00:36:47to connect the two sides of the battery.

00:36:49The middle of the strip should be thinner than the ends.

00:36:52Grab some dry grass, twigs, or even some paper,

00:36:55whatever you're going to use to start your fire.

00:36:57The foil strip should ignite right away, so make sure you're ready.

00:37:03A human can go surprisingly long without food, but not water.

00:37:07Depends where you are, but a lot of the time, it might not be safe to drink.

00:37:13You can make a DIY water filter.

00:37:15Start with a fire.

00:37:17Boiling the water may not be enough, so as soon as those ashes are cool,

00:37:21grind them into a powder.

00:37:23Don't just use any ash you randomly found in the forest.

00:37:26It might have some melted plastic on it or something.

00:37:30Then you need a plastic bottle.

00:37:32Cut off the bottom and poke a small hole in the cap.

00:37:35Turn it upside down, put about three inches of charcoal in,

00:37:39and pour the boiled water in nice and slowly.

00:37:42The drips are ready to drink.

00:37:44If you're getting bits of ash in the water,

00:37:47wrap a piece of clean cloth around the cap for some extra filtration.

00:37:51A char cloth can come in handy if you're lost in the wild.

00:37:55To make it, you're going to need a metal container with a cover.

00:37:58Put a piece of cloth inside it, and put the container

00:38:01into a fire for a few minutes.

00:38:03The cloth should end up getting a bit black around the edges,

00:38:06but still be intact.

00:38:08A char cloth catches fire super fast, even with an old school flint.

00:38:15If you're ever hiking in an anaconda's backyard, listen up.

00:38:19Stay away from shallow rivers, because these giant snakes

00:38:22love to hang out there.

00:38:24If an anaconda decides to give you a little squeeze, don't exhale.

00:38:28Every time you do, the snake's going to squeeze you a little bit tighter.

00:38:32Anacondas do have a weak spot, though.

00:38:35They don't like their tail to be bitten.

00:38:37It's not exactly delicious, but it'll get the job done.

00:38:47Avalanches are pretty powerful, so remember these tips

00:38:50next time you're out on the slopes if things get a bit hairy.

00:38:53First off, cover your mouth.

00:38:56Use a scarf or some other piece of cloth, and don't let the snow in.

00:39:00Keep one arm straight above your head, and don't

00:39:02forget to dig out a little pocket in front of your face.

00:39:05That'll let you breathe for about a half hour.

00:39:08Get rid of anything heavy you're carrying, even if it's expensive.

00:39:12But make sure you hold onto your backpack.

00:39:15It's an extra layer of protection.

00:39:17And grab onto a tree if you see any.

00:39:20To get back to the surface, move like you're swimming straight up.

00:39:23Snow's just water anyway.

00:39:29If you ever somehow get trapped in a sinking car, don't panic.

00:39:34And don't try to open the door.

00:39:36The water pressure from the outside will be too strong.

00:39:38You'll just waste valuable energy, and that door just won't open.

00:39:42The best way to escape is through the windows.

00:39:45Roll them down and swim away.

00:39:49If you're not a great swimmer, you can try

00:39:51to create your own makeshift flotation device,

00:39:53like a plastic bag with air trapped inside.

00:39:56Tie a knot in it, and make sure it's tight.

00:39:59A plastic bottle would work great, but one probably won't be enough.

00:40:03You can also use a raincoat or a pair of those waterproof pants.

00:40:07You can even use an upside down trash can.

00:40:11If you have some car trouble at night, out in the woods for example,

00:40:15you need light to see what you're doing.

00:40:17All you need is a bottle of water or a jug,

00:40:20or even a pickle jar filled with water.

00:40:23Just strap it on a headlight, and voila.

00:40:25The water will spread the light so you can see better.

00:40:28Perfect for setting up an emergency tent, or finding wood for a fire.

00:40:33Mason jars, those pickle ones, are really handy

00:40:37when it comes to storing matches.

00:40:39If you're camping in a forest, it's really important

00:40:41to hide those matches away somewhere dry and safe.

00:40:45To make it even more convenient, make a strikable lid.

00:40:49Cut off the strips on the side of your match boxes,

00:40:51and glue them to the lid of your mason jar.

00:40:55Before your next big outdoor adventure, make

00:40:57sure you're all stocked up on dark chocolate.

00:41:00Chocolate is probably the most delicious survival food,

00:41:03but it's also one of the best.

00:41:06It's loaded with calories and helps keep your mood up.

00:41:09Plus, you don't need a fork, plate, or fire to prepare it.

00:41:14Last one for today, people.

00:41:15Still having trouble lighting that fire?

00:41:17Look no further than that bag of chips you secretly

00:41:20hid from your fellow campers.

00:41:22Corn-based chips are everywhere these days.

00:41:25And apart from tasting delicious and turning

00:41:27your fingers a weird color, they have one more trick

00:41:30up their sleeve.

00:41:31You can use them to start a fire.

00:41:33These kind of chips are flammable,

00:41:35so make a little mound of chips and keep that dry wood handy.

00:41:39They'll light in seconds.

00:41:42On the outside, the surface of this lake

00:41:44looks like the aftermath of a disaster.

00:41:47Empty tree trunks spike out of the turquoise waters.

00:41:50The lake is surrounded by mountains,

00:41:52making it a quiet but unsettling place.

00:41:55But those who dare to swim under these dangerous waters

00:41:58will soon discover a whole new world.

00:42:01This isn't the beginning of a fairy tale.

00:42:03It's the actual story of Kayendi Lake,

00:42:06located in Satti, Kazakhstan.

00:42:09Back in 1911, an earthquake caused a major landslide

00:42:12in this location.

00:42:14The valley created eventually filled up

00:42:16with rainwater, practically submerging the forest.

00:42:19The trees that are located above the waters

00:42:21might look very sad, but beneath the surface,

00:42:24they remind you of an underwater forest.

00:42:27Since the waters are crystal clear most of the time,

00:42:30you can still see this fascinating view

00:42:32even from its shores.

00:42:34The ice-cold water makes this lake so tricky

00:42:36and, at times, even dangerous.

00:42:39And don't forget about all the algae, plants,

00:42:41and submerged trees that can rapidly

00:42:44become risky obstacles.

00:42:46Hey, I enjoy a steamy hot bath, but this boiling lake

00:42:50I'll tell you about now is really the stuff

00:42:53of scary dreams.

00:42:55It's located on the Caribbean island of Dominica,

00:42:58and its waters have temperatures

00:43:00between 180 and 197 degrees Fahrenheit.

00:43:04And that's just around the edges,

00:43:06since no one has ever dared to reach the middle of the lake

00:43:08to measure its core temperature.

00:43:10It's true that the heat can go down from time to time,

00:43:13but you never know when these waters may start to boil again.

00:43:17The place is also dangerous

00:43:19because of the gases it releases,

00:43:21such as carbon dioxide.

00:43:23It doesn't smell nice, trust me,

00:43:25but that's mostly because of the sulfur

00:43:27stuck in the steamy air.

00:43:29This seemingly calm lake also carries a dangerous surprise.

00:43:33Lake Manan, located in West Province, Cameroon,

00:43:37it's one of the few erupting lakes on the whole planet,

00:43:40similar to a volcano.

00:43:42And most of the time, it does so without any warnings.

00:43:46Its last eruption dates back to 1894,

00:43:49when it caused serious damage.

00:43:51The chemical mechanism of such lakes

00:43:53works like a can of soda that you shake before opening.

00:43:56There are risky gases on the bottom of the waters,

00:43:59so any disturbance on the surface

00:44:01may trigger their eruption.

00:44:03Natron Lake in Tanzania may be beautiful to watch

00:44:07because of its unique reddish coloring,

00:44:09but it's definitely not a place

00:44:11you'd want to take a swim in.

00:44:13While the water is extremely salty,

00:44:15it also combines with algae,

00:44:17which, by the way, are responsible for the coloring.

00:44:21And that's not even the riskiest thing about it.

00:44:23Natron Lake has pH levels so high

00:44:26that they become corrosive.

00:44:28If you dampen a piece of dyed material in this lake,

00:44:31it'll soon be stripped of its color.

00:44:33These high levels of acidity

00:44:35can also cause serious problems to the human skin.

00:44:38It's not all bad for some creatures,

00:44:40as Lake Natron is the only home

00:44:42to over 2.5 million small flamingos.

00:44:45These acidic and brackish waters support their survival,

00:44:48so it's no wonder they like to stick around.

00:44:52Lake Nicaragua's danger factor

00:44:54has less to do with chemistry

00:44:55and more to do with its inhabitants.

00:44:58It's located on the border of Costa Rica and Nicaragua

00:45:01and is the largest freshwater lake in Central America.

00:45:04When you first look at it,

00:45:06you won't think it can be dangerous,

00:45:07but because of the bull sharks inhabiting it,

00:45:11I wouldn't recommend taking a swim.

00:45:13Sharks tend to be unpredictable,

00:45:15and at times, intimidating creatures.

00:45:18Plus, they will eat everything if needed.

00:45:20Scientists initially believed this species of shark

00:45:23was only found in this lake,

00:45:25but they soon discovered that people had seen

00:45:27the same sharks in the Caribbean Sea.

00:45:30These astonishing creatures not only cross a distance

00:45:33of over 120 miles to get here,

00:45:35but can also adapt to freshwater,

00:45:37something not all fish can do.

00:45:40Belize's Great Blue Hole may seem alluring to divers.

00:45:44I mean, it has a gorgeous deep blue color

00:45:46and is pretty close to the mainland, about 62 miles.

00:45:49The problem is that beneath the surface

00:45:51of these tranquil waters is a mixed-up series of tunnels

00:45:55which contain many types of coral and other wildlife.

00:45:59These caves are what makes diving

00:46:00through the Great Blue Hole tricky.

00:46:03More so, specialists discovered that deeper into the waters,

00:46:06there are fewer and fewer creatures.

00:46:09Why?

00:46:10Because of a hidden layer of hydrogen sulfide

00:46:12that spans over the whole width of the sinkhole.

00:46:15Since there's no oxygen,

00:46:17no creature can ever survive this deep into the hole.

00:46:21Lake Lanier is the largest lake in the state of Georgia.

00:46:24It has a lot of visitors each year, about 11 million,

00:46:28so that's about the same number

00:46:29as visiting the Louvre Museum in Paris.

00:46:32Despite its popularity,

00:46:33a lot of accidents happen on this lake

00:46:36and nobody knows for sure why.

00:46:38One of the explanations may lie beneath the surface

00:46:41of this mysterious lake.

00:46:43There's a lot of debris and rubble in there,

00:46:45along with random objects that have been tossed in,

00:46:48like boats, lawn chairs, and even fishing wire.

00:46:52All this creates a tricky underwater obstacle course.

00:46:55With the added low visibility on the surface of the lake,

00:46:58this place can become risky to navigate.

00:47:02Another one of those lakes

00:47:03that looks like someone might've overdone with editing

00:47:06is the Grand Prismatic Spring,

00:47:08located in Yellowstone National Park,

00:47:10which stretches into the states

00:47:12of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho.

00:47:15Swimming here is completely prohibited.

00:47:17Why?

00:47:18It's 189 degrees Fahrenheit in the center,

00:47:21almost close to boiling temperatures,

00:47:23and the outermost ring reaches around 131, hence the colors.

00:47:28Since the center of the water is way too hot

00:47:30for any life to make it,

00:47:32there's nothing clouding the surface.

00:47:34The lack of any living organisms here

00:47:36creates that vivid blue that looks almost painted over.

00:47:41On the small Mediterranean island of Cyprus,

00:47:43there's not a lot of rain during the summer.

00:47:46That's why some bodies of water here become so dry

00:47:49that in certain areas,

00:47:50they get covered in a layer of baked salt.

00:47:53It's the case for the Larnaca Salt Lake.

00:47:56Now, don't be fooled by the eerie landscape.

00:47:58These lands can easily become a trap.

00:48:01That's because it's easy to get confused

00:48:03about what's actually a dry surface

00:48:05and what's just a thin layer of salt

00:48:07on top of water or mud.

00:48:09More so, underneath the crust are salt crystals,

00:48:13which can cause problems for people's skin.

00:48:16Semisen Hole is one of the most dangerous places

00:48:19to swim in the whole of Thailand.

00:48:21It's because it's very deep,

00:48:23reaching 280 feet, and gets extremely dark.

00:48:27At certain points, as divers get lower,

00:48:29they can even reach places with zero visibility.

00:48:33No wonder a lot of people get confused

00:48:35and can't seem to find their way up anymore.

00:48:38The largest lake in Africa

00:48:39and the third largest lake in the entire world

00:48:42is called Lake Victoria.

00:48:44Not all of its waters are unsafe for people,

00:48:47but some regions can rapidly cause problems.

00:48:50Why?

00:48:51Particularly because it has its own isolated weather system,

00:48:54and that makes the weather really unreliable.

00:48:58It can go from bright and sunny

00:48:59to terrible in a matter of seconds.

00:49:02I mean, who'd want to get caught swimming

00:49:03in the middle of a storm, right?

00:49:06Pustoyi Lake is located in Siberia,

00:49:09so I'm guessing I don't need to tell you

00:49:11the waters here get extremely cold.

00:49:14But if you look at the lake,

00:49:15there's nothing out of the ordinary with these waters.

00:49:18Hmm, is that completely true?

00:49:20Eh, most likely not.

00:49:22And people tend to avoid swimming here at all costs,

00:49:25even if they can resist the freezing cold waters.

00:49:28So what makes Lake Pustoyi so mysterious and dangerous?

00:49:32Well, nothing seems to want to live here,

00:49:34and scientists have yet to discover why.

00:49:38They tried to fill the lake with many types of fish

00:49:40and various plant species

00:49:41to see if they could survive in the waters,

00:49:44but the results were disappointing.

00:49:46Since we don't know exactly

00:49:48what makes it so difficult to survive here,

00:49:50don't go running for your swimming trunks just yet.

00:49:53It's best if you stay away.

00:49:55Hey, you don't have to tell me twice.

00:50:00Let's head to the Middle East.

00:50:02There's a large desert here,

00:50:04and it's completely dark,

00:50:05except for one spot.

00:50:07It's a big circle that glows with a bright orange light,

00:50:11the Darvaza crater,

00:50:13and it's just a giant gas burner.

00:50:16Years ago, geologists found gas here,

00:50:18and they started mining for it.

00:50:20But when they excavated,

00:50:22they came across a void underground.

00:50:24The void collapsed,

00:50:26and it formed a crater.

00:50:28It's as wide as half a soccer field

00:50:30and as deep as a five-story building.

00:50:33Gas began to come out of the cracks in the crater,

00:50:36and since animals were often grazing near this place,

00:50:39the geologists decided to set these gas streams on fire

00:50:43to exhaust the source.

00:50:45Geologists thought the fire would be over in a day or two,

00:50:48but if you come here now,

00:50:50you'll see this gateway to the underworld is still burning,

00:50:54and it's been going on for almost 50 years.

00:50:57In 2013, a man descended to the bottom

00:51:00of the burning crater for the first time.

00:51:03He collected many different samples there,

00:51:05and scientists were able to find bacteria

00:51:08that aren't found anywhere else on Earth.

00:51:10They're quite comfortable at the bottom

00:51:12of this endless burning frying pan.

00:51:15In 2009, a man in L'Aquila, Italy,

00:51:19saw flickering lights dancing above the stone street.

00:51:22He immediately knew what to do

00:51:24and moved his family to a safer place.

00:51:27Only seconds later,

00:51:28a massive 8.3 magnitude earthquake hit the whole region.

00:51:33His knowledge of the strange lights

00:51:34saved his and his family's lives.

00:51:37So what are those mysterious warnings?

00:51:40For centuries, people interpreted the lights

00:51:42as something otherworldly.

00:51:45The scientific community didn't take them seriously,

00:51:48just put them down to a false recollection,

00:51:50a mind trick, or pure imagination.

00:51:53With the introduction of surveillance cameras

00:51:56and smartphones, the amount of evidence

00:51:58grew enormously.

00:52:00Now the connection was obvious.

00:52:01Lights appear and an earthquake hits.

00:52:05So experts finally started taking it seriously

00:52:08and started digging for the truth.

00:52:10But after years of research, to this day,

00:52:13geologists are still not fully sure

00:52:15what the source of the lights is.

00:52:17But they have recognized five types of them.

00:52:20Bright flashes that light up the sky,

00:52:23looking like storm lightning or a strong camera flash.

00:52:26Rays in the sky that can look like light columns.

00:52:30Different sized flames that come through the ground.

00:52:33Diffused glows over the mountains.

00:52:36And slow moving balls of light

00:52:39that can be misinterpreted as ball lightning.

00:52:41Another equally little understood atmospheric phenomenon.

00:52:45These are literal balls of lightning

00:52:47that can float and explode,

00:52:49leaving a sulfuric odor behind.

00:52:52But unlike ball lightning,

00:52:54these spherical EQLs seem to be harmless,

00:52:57if you don't count what's coming afterward.

00:53:00But with all these types of lights,

00:53:02experts can't know how exactly

00:53:04they're connected to earthquakes.

00:53:06They don't only show up before one hits.

00:53:08Some have been reported during and after earthquakes.

00:53:12They can also appear with other phenomena,

00:53:14like meteorite crashes, volcanic eruptions, or auroras.

00:53:19For now, scientists can only come up with theories

00:53:22to explain the unexplainable.

00:53:25One of the recent ones claimed the lights

00:53:27were electric lines being broken during an earthquake.

00:53:30But this theory doesn't explain

00:53:32how the phenomenon was observed

00:53:34hundreds or even thousands of years ago.

00:53:37Like the ancient Chinese tale of dragon looking clouds

00:53:40appearing in the sky as a warning of an upcoming quake.

00:53:44Or how an ancient Roman historian

00:53:47reported huge flame-like lights bursting out

00:53:50just before a huge earthquake occurred.

00:53:52The electric line theory was quickly dismissed.

00:53:56Another theory suggested it was escaping gas.

00:53:59During an earthquake, the underground rocks expand

00:54:02and shrink under pressure and heat.

00:54:05This opens and closes small spaces between them.

00:54:08Different gases make their way through these new openings.

00:54:12Radon, for example, can get released during seismic activity.

00:54:16It can ionize the air, making it electrically charged.

00:54:20But radon doesn't do it enough

00:54:22to create bright sparks of light.

00:54:24This theory is close, but doesn't quite hit the mark.

00:54:28One of the most accepted theories

00:54:30is that it might be from electricity

00:54:32traveling up from underground.

00:54:34When underground igneous rocks,

00:54:37ones that form from magma deep within the earth,

00:54:39are under stress, they release ionized,

00:54:42or electrically charged, oxygen.

00:54:45It travels through the surface and up into the atmosphere,

00:54:49creating a localized electric field.

00:54:51That can produce brief flashes of visible light.

00:54:54Some aren't even that quick

00:54:56and can go on for minutes at a time.

00:54:59So, there you are.

00:55:01You've been driving for hours through the night.

00:55:03You didn't have any chance to sleep,

00:55:06so your mind is hanging by a thread.

00:55:08You stop the car and go out to stretch your limbs.

00:55:11And then, you look up into the sky

00:55:14and see a beautiful sunrise.

00:55:16Whoa, wait!

00:55:18There are three suns in the sky!

00:55:20You rub your eyes, but nope.

00:55:23There are still three bright stars in the sky.

00:55:26No, our home star hasn't been torn into three pieces,

00:55:30nor has it been visited by two other stars.

00:55:33This is called a sundog.

00:55:35It occurs mostly during severe frosts.

00:55:38Small ice crystals in the sky bend the light.

00:55:42As a result, you may see three bright spots in the sky

00:55:45instead of just one.

00:55:47This phenomenon is officially called a halo.

00:55:50Usually, it's just a circle around the sun.

00:55:53You can even see a halo at night, too.

00:55:56Just look at a street lamp

00:55:57and you'll see a bright circle around it.

00:56:00Sometimes, a halo can take on a fancier shape.

00:56:04If there's a lot of ice in the air,

00:56:06the light is warped even more.

00:56:08Just like in a room with a dozen mirrors.

00:56:11Then, the halo can take on the shape of a human eye.

00:56:15Because of this phenomenon, a false dawn can occur, too.

00:56:20While you're looking at the horizon,

00:56:21the dawn begins and the edge of the sun appears.

00:56:25A little bit more and...

00:56:27Wait, the sun starts to just dissolve in the sky.

00:56:31After a few moments, it's dark again.

00:56:33And only a minute later, the real sun shows its face.

00:56:37It was the same light curvature effect you saw before

00:56:41with the three suns.

00:56:42Only now, the light is curved vertically, not horizontally.

00:56:47And instead of the real sun,

00:56:48its reflection in ice crystals in the sky appeared.

00:56:52And now, moving on.

00:56:54This cloud looks like a dinosaur.

00:56:56And this one looks like a cat.

00:56:58And this...

00:56:59Whoa, it looks like these clouds are falling down.

00:57:03Oh, phew, that's just a mammatus cloud.

00:57:06Their shape really makes them look like

00:57:08chunks of cloud about to slam on the ground.

00:57:11Well, that's not going to happen,

00:57:13but you better start seeking cover anyway.

00:57:16Such clouds are a sign of a severe thunderstorm coming.

00:57:20It takes a lot of moist air with ice crystals at the top

00:57:23and dry air at the bottom to create such clouds.

00:57:27Then, vertical currents of air appear between these layers.

00:57:31And these currents make the clouds

00:57:33take the shape of a human brain.

00:57:35Whoa.

00:57:37And this giant cloud looks like a dome

00:57:39that's going to cover an entire city.

00:57:42In fact, that's exactly what happens.

00:57:44A huge cloud covers a large area

00:57:47and then rains heavily on it.

00:57:49Sometimes, the front of such a cloud takes a bizarre shape,

00:57:52like in these pictures.

00:57:54It looks more like several giant spaghetti clouds

00:57:58or even giant cloud worms.

00:58:00This phenomenon can often be seen in Australia,

00:58:03and it's called morning glory.

00:58:06It happens because a strong wind twists part of the cloud

00:58:09on both sides, and then the huge sheet of air dough

00:58:12splits into thick strips.

00:58:15And sometimes, you can see clouds in the sky made of birds.

00:58:20Wow, that cloud moves quickly and changes shape.

00:58:23It becomes more transparent,

00:58:25but then denser and darker again.

00:58:28The birds seem to be involved

00:58:29in some kind of dance or performance,

00:58:32but they're not doing it for beauty

00:58:34or for the crowds of spectators gathered below.

00:58:37They're doing it for protection.

00:58:39When birds group themselves into such a cloud,

00:58:41they intimidate birds of prey.

00:58:44An eagle or hawk would have a hard time

00:58:46picking out a single target

00:58:48among the endless number of birds.

00:58:51And they move quickly, covering each other.

00:58:54Fish are huddled together in schools in the same way.

00:58:57Such a cloud might just spook a hungry predator.

00:59:01Grab some sunglasses and you're good to go.

00:59:04This phenomenon lasts around 40 minutes.

00:59:07These clouds are the same ones

00:59:09that can cause a spooky ring around the moon

00:59:11at night sometimes.

00:59:13Nature sends early signs of disasters

00:59:15in many different ways.

00:59:17J-shaped trees might mean there's a landslide coming.

00:59:21Since the ground is moving slowly,

00:59:23the trees grow into this super selfie-able shape.

00:59:26Try to find a flat area and avoid going near any trees

00:59:30unless you have superhuman strength.

00:59:33Another mystical phenomenon can be seen in the desert.

00:59:36A sand waterfall.

00:59:38When the wind brings a lot of sand to the edge of the canyon,

00:59:42it begins to fall down.

00:59:44Now amplify this effect 100 times

00:59:47and you get a sand waterfall in Saudi Arabia.

00:59:50It's really like Niagara Falls,

00:59:52only there's not a drop of water.

00:59:55The locals say this phenomenon

00:59:57warns of an impending sandstorm.

01:00:02Welcome to an uninhabited island.

01:00:05How did we end up here?

01:00:06Well, I don't know,

01:00:08but now we have to survive here for a couple of days

01:00:12and I'll teach you all I know.

01:00:14Gladly, wherever I go,

01:00:16I'm always prepared for a situation like this.

01:00:19So in this magical backpack,

01:00:21I've got everything we're gonna need for survival.

01:00:24The first thing is, of course, a knife,

01:00:27which will come in handy in many situations.

01:00:31Surrounded by the ocean,

01:00:33you don't have any drinking water available.

01:00:36Oops, I didn't put any water in the backpack,

01:00:39but don't panic.

01:00:40Your most reliable source of water here is the coconuts.

01:00:45So we need to fetch some of those.

01:00:48If you're lucky to get some green coconuts,

01:00:50you can cut them open with a knife.

01:00:52It's relatively easy,

01:00:54but the problem is that they grow high up on the tree.

01:00:57You're free to climb up there to get some,

01:01:00but it's not gonna be easy.

01:01:02Luckily, when coconuts mature,

01:01:04they turn brown and fall off the tree.

01:01:07The water inside stays safe to drink for about nine months,

01:01:11so you can pick some up from the ground.

01:01:14The problem here is that they can be pretty hard to open.

01:01:18However, if you're lucky to have a screwdriver,

01:01:21it won't be a big deal.

01:01:23Also, a simple stone can crack a coconut for you,

01:01:27but don't forget to wrap it in a towel

01:01:29or even a T-shirt beforehand.

01:01:32Remember that you can't drink as many coconuts as you want.

01:01:36Don't drink more than five brown coconuts a day

01:01:39unless you want to get an upset stomach.

01:01:41By the way, the same goes for green coconuts.

01:01:45After you drink a brown coconut,

01:01:47don't rush to throw it out.

01:01:48You can scrape off the white part and eat it.

01:01:51It's totally edible.

01:01:54I admit, I didn't bring any bowls,

01:01:56but this is once again where coconuts come in handy.

01:02:00It can be turned into one.

01:02:02After you cut it open, you have bowl-shaped pieces.

01:02:06Start by removing all the white stuff from the inside

01:02:09until it's just a shell.

01:02:11This is going to be your bowl, but we'll make it pretty.

01:02:15Scrape the hair off using the knife.

01:02:18Then you can rub it around with sand, making it smoother.

01:02:22The last thing to do is to polish it

01:02:24with the coconut's very own coconut meat.

01:02:27The oils in it will make your bowl shiny and pretty.

01:02:31Okay, the most important skill is to make fire, of course.

01:02:35I did put a couple of lighters

01:02:37and a matchbox in the bag to make it easier,

01:02:40but you just can't be a qualified survivor

01:02:42if you don't know how to start a fire without them.

01:02:46You need to find a curved piece of wood

01:02:48and tie a bow string to it like this

01:02:51so it looks like a bow.

01:02:53In case you don't have a nylon cord,

01:02:55a shoestring will work too.

01:02:57So whenever you go traveling, wear shoes with laces, I guess.

01:03:02Next, find a piece of dry hardwood.

01:03:05It will be your spindle.

01:03:07You will need to wrap the string of the bow around it

01:03:09so you can create friction.

01:03:12The spindle can be fixed to a board

01:03:14with a notch that can hold it.

01:03:16Also, you'll need to find another piece of wood

01:03:19that's usually called a hand block.

01:03:22It should have a dimple carved into it,

01:03:24which will make it easier for you to create friction.

01:03:29So here's how it goes.

01:03:30The board holds the spindle

01:03:32and you twist the bow string around it just like this.

01:03:36On top, you hold the spindle with a hand block.

01:03:39Then you start moving the bow,

01:03:41rubbing it around the spindle and creating friction.

01:03:44It will start heating up

01:03:46and in the end, you'll get an ember.

01:03:48After you get an ember,

01:03:50you need to carefully move it to a bundle of tinder

01:03:53and blow on it, trying to start the fire.

01:03:56It's gonna be tough to do it the first time,

01:03:58but after you get a hold of it,

01:04:00you can start the fire in less than five minutes.

01:04:04Now that we have the fire, we need food.

01:04:08The obvious choice is to go fishing.

01:04:10So in my magic backpack, I have a fishing kit.

01:04:14It's just a small box with some hooks and strings,

01:04:17but it's gonna be a tremendous help.

01:04:20The rest is just practice and skills.

01:04:23If you manage to catch some, you need to cook it.

01:04:26And that's the easy part

01:04:27now that you have both fish and fire.

01:04:30Wrap your fish in coconut leaves, tie it up with bark

01:04:34and put it on the coals of your fire.

01:04:37Wait for about 20 minutes,

01:04:39but before eating, make sure it's well-cooked.

01:04:42Just pierce the fish at an angle with a fork or a toothpick

01:04:46and twist gently at the thickest point.

01:04:48If the fish is cooked, it will flake easily.

01:04:51Bon appetit.

01:04:54Everything changes when the sun goes down.

01:04:57You have to be prepared for the night.

01:04:59So during the day, you have to make a shelter

01:05:02out of sticks and palm tree leaves.

01:05:04Pieces of bark can be used as strings,

01:05:07but it's also a good idea to walk along the shore

01:05:10and see what gets washed out.

01:05:13There can be a lot of trash there

01:05:15and some of that can be useful.

01:05:18If you go to an island,

01:05:20you need to have devices that will help you not to get lost.

01:05:24I have something here.

01:05:25It's a multifunction water-resistant watch I got on Amazon.

01:05:30Apart from the time, there's also a compass,

01:05:33a thermometer, a scraper, a whistle,

01:05:37and even a fire starter.

01:05:39Yeah, you don't really need to spend two hours

01:05:42with the sticks, but I wanted to teach you.

01:05:45So take the watch with you as you go into the jungle.

01:05:48We need material for the shelter,

01:05:50sticks, bark, and palm tree leaves,

01:05:53which are actually harder to pull off the tree

01:05:55than you may imagine.

01:05:57So dry ones on the ground work too.

01:06:00Make the roof of the shelter using palm tree leaves,

01:06:04but also put some on the ground for you to lie on.

01:06:07But be careful.

01:06:09Make sure that the leaves you're using

01:06:11are free of snakes, spiders, or scorpions.

01:06:14You don't want any of them in your bed.

01:06:17The other thing is that at night,

01:06:19insects and many other creatures come out,

01:06:22and they will be very happy to join you in your shelter.

01:06:26So the fire and termite mounds around the shelter

01:06:29will help to keep at least some of them away.

01:06:33Others can still sneak in and climb under your clothes,

01:06:37walk on you, and bite you.

01:06:39So time for the magic backpack.

01:06:43Here, I have a survival sleeping bag.

01:06:46Being just four inches long,

01:06:48it doesn't take up much space,

01:06:51but it's tear-resistant, waterproof,

01:06:54and keeps your body heat inside.

01:06:57Plus, it has sealed seams,

01:06:59which will keep out water, wind, and any insects.

01:07:03You can find it on Amazon.

01:07:06Also, don't build the fire

01:07:07right in front of the entrance of the shelter.

01:07:10In this case, you might end up breathing smoke all night.

01:07:15And now you're all set.

01:07:17Just a couple of tips on how to survive.

01:07:21Your phone, which is probably the one thing you'll have with you,

01:07:24is pretty useless here.

01:07:26But not exactly.

01:07:28The screen of your no-signal cell

01:07:30can be used to reflect sun and moonlight

01:07:33to send SOS signals.

01:07:36Second, in conditions when you don't particularly

01:07:39have much water resources,

01:07:41try to keep your body cool.

01:07:44So just walk in the water once in a while

01:07:46so it doesn't get overheated

01:07:48and so that you don't get too dehydrated.

01:07:51And, of course, always have a first-aid kit with you.

01:07:55It's the last survival thing I have in my backpack.

01:07:59Also, from Amazon.

01:08:00It's a water-resistant bag with a pair of scissors,

01:08:04band-aids, tweezers, bandages, and so on.

01:08:07Pretty useful stuff in the wild.

01:08:10Happy survival,

01:08:11even though I hope you'll never have to do it unprepared.

01:08:16Well, you finally made it.

01:08:18After all that training,

01:08:19you're ready for your first skydive.

01:08:22Full of confidence, you reach the door of the plane

01:08:24as it gets to 12,000 feet.

01:08:26You step off into the air,

01:08:28but at the last second,

01:08:29you hear the instructor screaming something.

01:08:31Sorry, I didn't check your chute.

01:08:34Well, you can't hear him as you drop away from the plane,

01:08:36seeing only his concerned expression.

01:08:39Well, feels like something has gone wrong.

01:08:41You pull the handle to release the parachute,

01:08:44but it hasn't deployed correctly,

01:08:46opening into a big wad,

01:08:47and you're now spinning faster and faster.

01:08:50You're getting dizzy,

01:08:51but you need to pull yourself together.

01:08:53Each second is crucial,

01:08:55and from this altitude,

01:08:56you have less than a minute to act.

01:08:58You throw yourself into the Bowman formation,

01:09:01spreading your body out with your arms and legs

01:09:03forming a big X.

01:09:04This creates a little more drag,

01:09:06allowing you to stabilize a bit.

01:09:08Hey, this whole thing is a drag.

01:09:10Now you have more time

01:09:11to get to your emergency reserve chute.

01:09:14Still dizzy from spinning,

01:09:15you try to remember where it is.

01:09:17You grab what you think is the right strap

01:09:19and pull it hard.

01:09:20Oh no, that's a leg strap.

01:09:22You've loosened the container on your back,

01:09:24and now you're slipping out.

01:09:26This is not your lucky day.

01:09:28You hold on and tighten up the leg strap.

01:09:30Oh yeah, the safety procedure is coming back to you now.

01:09:33Hmm, step one,

01:09:34cut away from the main parachute with the red handle.

01:09:37Done, now you're in free fall again.

01:09:40Step two, now find the silver ripcord handle

01:09:43to pop the reserve chute.

01:09:44Gotta hurry, the ground is rushing up at you.

01:09:46Where's that handle?

01:09:48Whoops, there it is,

01:09:49sitting on your chest on the left.

01:09:51You yank it hard.

01:09:52Ka-thump!

01:09:54The chute flies out and deploys

01:09:56and slams the brake on your descent.

01:09:58Now you're relieved.

01:10:00Breathtaking, heart pounding, oh yeah.

01:10:03Finally, you can enjoy the view

01:10:05for about 10 seconds before you land on the ground.

01:10:08Softly, feet first.

01:10:10Hey, looks like fun, sign me up.

01:10:13On another day, as always, instead of taking the stairs,

01:10:16you use the elevator.

01:10:18Now the odds of it falling are one in 10 million.

01:10:21You're 10 times more likely to be hit by lightning.

01:10:24But today, you're in that unlucky elevator.

01:10:27As you move down from the fifth floor,

01:10:29the pulley system fails, a cable snaps,

01:10:32and the elevator starts falling.

01:10:34Quickly, you lie down on your back,

01:10:36placing one arm around your head

01:10:38to protect it from the impact,

01:10:39and the other arm over your face

01:10:41to save it from possible falling objects.

01:10:44You spread your legs out evenly.

01:10:45In just a couple of seconds, you brace for impact.

01:10:48It crashes down and debris from above falls around you.

01:10:52Fantastic job, you've avoided injury.

01:10:55But could it be possible to alter the impact by jumping?

01:10:59Well, let's think this through.

01:11:01If you jump too early, your impact would be more severe

01:11:04as your speed would increase in the descent.

01:11:07And if you jump too late,

01:11:09the velocity of your jump upwards

01:11:11would cause you to bump your head

01:11:12as the elevator would've stopped.

01:11:14You need to jump at the precise moment

01:11:16to be effective in velocity.

01:11:18And without the ability to see through steel,

01:11:21it would be down to sheer luck.

01:11:23So it's better to use the lie down method.

01:11:25Yeah, good luck with that.

01:11:27You casually drive to work,

01:11:29passing over the same bridge as any other day.

01:11:32Today, there's more traffic than normal,

01:11:34and you're stuck in a jam.

01:11:35The bridge starts to creak.

01:11:37Unfortunately, it's possible for structurally faulty bridges

01:11:41to collapse under excess weight.

01:11:43And there you are.

01:11:44As the bridge falls into the river,

01:11:46your car floats on top.

01:11:48The water is slowly rising around you as it starts to sink.

01:11:52You're trying to remain calm and take a deep breath.

01:11:55You have up to two minutes before the car completely sinks.

01:11:58You need to act fast and roll down the window.

01:12:01As you take off your seatbelt,

01:12:02you notice the water has risen above the windows.

01:12:06You try to roll them down,

01:12:07but they're stuck in place from the pressure.

01:12:09You've missed your opportunity.

01:12:11You're sinking further down

01:12:13and thinking about opening the door.

01:12:15Hmm, better not.

01:12:16This will make your vehicle sink even faster.

01:12:19Plus, it'll be more dangerous to exit.

01:12:21The car hits bottom of the window.

01:12:23The car hits bottom,

01:12:25and the water is slowly entering it.

01:12:27You try to open the door,

01:12:29but the pressure is so intense that it won't budge.

01:12:32You think about the water coming in.

01:12:33Maybe if you waited until there's enough water inside,

01:12:37it could regulate the pressure,

01:12:38allowing the doors to open.

01:12:40But with the limited air that would remain,

01:12:43and if the doors still don't work,

01:12:44that's too much of a risk.

01:12:46Your only choice is to smash the window.

01:12:49You can do it easily due to the water pressure,

01:12:51and it spills in quickly.

01:12:53You take your last deep breath

01:12:55while holding onto the window frame.

01:12:57The car fills in quickly,

01:12:58and the suction suddenly stops.

01:13:00You pull yourself through the window

01:13:02and place your feet on the car,

01:13:04push upwards, and swim to the surface.

01:13:06Yeah, remind me not to carpool with you.

01:13:11Next, you're out hiking in a forest

01:13:13and find the perfect place to view the sunset.

01:13:16You take a photo, and it looks great.

01:13:18But wait, which way is it back to camp?

01:13:21It's getting dark,

01:13:22and you have no idea how you got here.

01:13:25You check your phone.

01:13:26It has a map, so you'll be fine, right?

01:13:29Well, you've taken way too many nature pics,

01:13:31and the battery has run out.

01:13:33You can survive up to 3 hours

01:13:35without shelter in harsh weather.

01:13:37You can go without water for 3 days,

01:13:39and up to 3 weeks without food.

01:13:41You need to address your next actions

01:13:43in order of importance.

01:13:45So your first task is to build a shelter.

01:13:48You lean a large stick onto a tree

01:13:49for the roof support.

01:13:51Then you build two walls on the sides

01:13:53making a sturdy frame.

01:13:54There are plenty of leaves in the forest,

01:13:56and you cover the roof with heaps of them

01:13:58for insulation and protection.

01:14:00On the inside, you build a nice leafy mattress.

01:14:03You enter and wait until morning,

01:14:05hoping to have a relaxing sleep.

01:14:08Well, you've slept horribly.

01:14:10But there's no time to leave a review

01:14:12on your booking app.

01:14:13The next task is finding water.

01:14:15You follow a clear decline in the land,

01:14:18eventually finding a stream.

01:14:20Clean water? Check.

01:14:21You continue to walk with the stream's flow,

01:14:24hoping it leads you to a river.

01:14:26You are more likely to find people

01:14:27and signs of civilization

01:14:29along large collections of water.

01:14:31Hours pass, and your belly grumbles.

01:14:34You look around for tasty snacks.

01:14:36There are berries and mushrooms,

01:14:38but you don't recognize them.

01:14:40So it's better not to eat something

01:14:42if you're unsure whether it's poisonous.

01:14:44You search under old logs and branches for bugs.

01:14:47You've found some mealworms that can be eaten raw.

01:14:50Some insects, when cooked,

01:14:51can be a major source of iron, protein, and vitamin B12.

01:14:55You look at them, and your appetite goes away.

01:14:58Hmm, maybe later.

01:14:59Finally, the stream connects to a river,

01:15:02and just ahead of that, a bridge.

01:15:04Not the one that fell down.

01:15:05Well, the struggle is over.

01:15:07You throw the bugs away

01:15:08and begin the next adventure,

01:15:10finding a diner.

01:15:12Yeah, we're not going camping together either.

01:15:15Next, you're walking in a field.

01:15:18The wind is picking up,

01:15:19and not far away, a tornado is forming.

01:15:22You start running away from it,

01:15:24but you can't outrun it

01:15:25as it travels up to 60 mph.

01:15:28Your main concern isn't the tornado itself,

01:15:30but the trees and buildings that the twister takes in,

01:15:33turning them into dangerous flying objects.

01:15:36They fly at crazy speeds

01:15:37as they're carried by fast winds,

01:15:39reaching up to 300 mph.

01:15:42You look for shelter, but there's nothing available.

01:15:45Your only possibility is a ditch

01:15:47that's not surrounded by trees or other breakable objects.

01:15:50You lie wedged in a ditch

01:15:52and cover your head with your jacket,

01:15:54holding it down with your arms for protection.

01:15:56While lying flat, with that thundering noise around you,

01:16:00you feel like you're in a giant jet engine.

01:16:02It's a terrifying sound,

01:16:04but luckily, you're not in the tornado's pathway.

01:16:07You can hear the small debris whistling over your head,

01:16:10and many make an impact, thudding all around you.

01:16:13But thankfully, they miss.

01:16:15Suddenly, everything goes calm.

01:16:17You lie there, controlling your breathing,

01:16:19trying to relax.

01:16:21You don't get up.

01:16:22Not yet, as the worst may be yet to come.

01:16:25Tornadoes can last from several seconds to up to an hour.

01:16:29You're not taking your chances

01:16:30and remain in your ditch for the full hour.

01:16:33But finally, when it's clear that it's gone,

01:16:35you dust off your jacket and head home.

01:16:39Meanwhile, you're really bad luck,

01:16:41so I'm removing you from my contacts

01:16:44and unfriending you on social media.

01:16:46And I'll do that once I get out of the hospital.

01:16:49Hello, distinguished guests,

01:16:50and welcome to Aquarium Bright.

01:16:53Here, you will get to see the most dangerous sea and ocean creatures.

01:16:57But don't let what I said mislead you.

01:16:59It's very well possible for you to come across

01:17:01one of these underwater animals

01:17:03during a walk on the beach.

01:17:05So, take a look at them carefully now,

01:17:08and you might just avoid a disaster.

01:17:12Is it fish or is it stone?

01:17:14What you're looking at is commonly known as the stonefish,

01:17:17but its fancier names include the doornorn and the sinansia.

01:17:22If you're into diving and observing the underwater,

01:17:25you might already have come across one without noticing.

01:17:28Its appearance makes it almost impossible

01:17:31to distinguish it from a real stone

01:17:33due to its gray coloration and mottled appearance,

01:17:36especially if you're wearing fogged snorkel goggles.

01:17:39So you better pay attention because otherwise,

01:17:42the consequences can be unfortunate

01:17:44since stonefish are the most venomous fish known.

01:17:47Although some types of stonefishes are known to live in rivers,

01:17:51and most of them are found in coral reefs

01:17:53near the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans.

01:17:56Their needle-like dorsal fin spines

01:17:58stick up when they're disturbed or threatened

01:18:01and inject the poison they contain.

01:18:03The most common reason why stonefish stings occur

01:18:06is swimmers stepping on them without realizing it.

01:18:09However, you don't need to be in the water to get stung.

01:18:12Since they can survive out of the water for up to 24 hours,

01:18:16you'll have to watch where you step

01:18:17when you're at the beach as well.

01:18:19Those who got stung by stonefish

01:18:21describe their experience to be extremely distressing.

01:18:25Their venom can result in infection,

01:18:27and in some cases, it is known to cause shock and paralysis.

01:18:31It might come as a bit of a shock,

01:18:33but despite its bad reputation,

01:18:35stonefish is edible if it's prepared properly.

01:18:38When the fish is heated, its venom breaks down.

01:18:41And if the dorsal fins,

01:18:42which are the main source of its venom, are removed,

01:18:45raw stonefish is served as part of sashimi too.

01:18:49This creature might look like it came out of a science fiction movie,

01:18:53but it's very much real.

01:18:55Say hello to the blue-ringed octopuses.

01:18:57Don't be deceived by their small size,

01:19:00which can range between 5 to 8 inches, including their arms,

01:19:03because they're packed with venom to cause great damage

01:19:06to as many as 26 people within minutes.

01:19:10Just like stonefishes,

01:19:11blue-ringed octopuses are found in the Pacific and Indian Oceans,

01:19:16from Japan to Australia.

01:19:18They typically live on coral reefs and rocky areas of the seafloor.

01:19:22Some may also be found in tide pools, seagrass, and algal beds.

01:19:27Blue-ringed octopuses are not aggressive in nature.

01:19:31When they're not seeking food, such as crabs or shrimps,

01:19:33or searching for a mate,

01:19:35they often hide in marine debris, shells, or crevices.

01:19:39It's only if they're provoked, cornered, or handled

01:19:42that they get dangerous to humans.

01:19:44When they're threatened, they turn bright yellow

01:19:46or blue iridescent rings appear all over their body

01:19:50as a warning display towards the potential predators.

01:19:53Their bites usually come unnoticed,

01:19:55so you might not be able to realize you're bitten until it's too late.

01:19:59The venom of a blue-ringed octopus can cause dizziness

01:20:02and loss of senses and motor skills,

01:20:05and ultimately, paralysis.

01:20:07So, better try to keep your hands to yourself

01:20:09and back away in a hurry if you see one.

01:20:14Nope, it's not a flower bouquet,

01:20:15so don't try to pick and smell one of those pink tube-like things.

01:20:19What's standing before your eyes is a marine animal

01:20:22called a flower urchin.

01:20:24It may look gorgeous, but don't let the looks deceive you.

01:20:27It was named the most dangerous sea urchin in the 2014 Guinness World Records.

01:20:32Flower urchins inhabit the tropical areas of the Indo-West Pacific

01:20:37and are found among coral reefs, rocks, sand,

01:20:40and seagrass tides at depths of 0 to 295 feet.

01:20:45The most noticeable feature of them is their pedicularia,

01:20:49which are claw-shaped defensive organs that are also found in sea stars.

01:20:53What makes flower urchins differ from any other sea urchin

01:20:56is the fact that their pedicularia is, as the name suggests, flower-like,

01:21:01and usually pinkish-white to yellowish-white in color,

01:21:04with a central purple dot.

01:21:06Hidden underneath those flowers, they possess short and blunt spines.

01:21:11Although many sea urchins deliver their venom through such spines,

01:21:15flower urchins deliver their venom through their pedicularia, or flowers.

01:21:20If they're undisturbed, the tips of these flowers are usually expanded

01:21:24into round, cup-like shapes.

01:21:26On their surface, they possess tiny sensors with which they can detect threats,

01:21:31and once they contact such threats,

01:21:33these flowers immediately snap shut and start injecting venom.

01:21:38What's weird is that the little claws of the flowers can sometimes break off from their stalks,

01:21:43stick to the point of contact,

01:21:45and continue injecting venom for hours into whoever touched it.

01:21:49Yeesh!

01:21:51Looks like a giant puddle of melted strawberry ice cream, right?

01:21:55You wish!

01:21:56It's a lion's mane jellyfish, which is also called giant jellyfish,

01:22:01arctic red jellyfish, or hairy jelly.

01:22:04They're known to prefer cool water,

01:22:06that's why they can mostly be found in the Arctic, northern Atlantic,

01:22:10and northern Pacific Oceans.

01:22:12But it's possible to spot them around the British Isles,

01:22:15or in the Scandinavian waters too.

01:22:18Lion's mane jellyfish are one of the largest known species of jellyfish.

01:22:23They get their name from their long, flowing hair-like tentacles,

01:22:27and can reach lengths up to 10 feet.

01:22:30And although the average bell diameter of a lion's mane jellyfish is around 20 inches,

01:22:35they can sometimes attain a diameter of over 7 feet.

01:22:40The largest lion's mane jellyfish recorded was seen in 1865 off the coast of Massachusetts.

01:22:47It was measured to have tentacles around 125 feet long and a diameter of 7 feet.

01:22:53To help you picture it, this is longer than a blue whale!

01:22:57Lion's mane jellyfish hunt by extending their tentacles outward and creating a trap to catch their food.

01:23:03Since they have around 1,200 stinging tentacles,

01:23:07the fish would have to be extremely lucky to be able to escape them.

01:23:12The sting of a lion's mane jellyfish is usually not life-threatening,

01:23:16but you would still want to avoid swimming into its tentacles

01:23:19because it can be very painful to humans.

01:23:21And if you see one washed up on the beach, better not touch it

01:23:25because it can still deliver a sting long after they've been on the shore.

01:23:29Fun fact, the lion's mane jellyfish appears in the Sherlock Holmes story,

01:23:33The Adventure of the Lion's Mane, as a suspect.

01:23:36But don't worry, we won't give you any spoilers.

01:23:40The last marine animal you're seeing now is a sea snake.

01:23:44And yes, they are different from eels.

01:23:47There are 69 identified species of sea snakes,

01:23:50most of them can be found in the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

01:23:56And they have been around for millions of years.

01:24:00To make things easier, scientists have separated all different species of sea snakes into two categories,

01:24:06true sea snakes and sea kraits.

01:24:09Whereas true sea snakes spend almost all their time at sea,

01:24:13sea kraits can spend some time on land as well.

01:24:17If you see a snake on the beach, you can tell whether it's a land or sea snake by looking at its tail.

01:24:23If it's paddle-like, then that's a sea snake you got there.

01:24:27But make sure to keep your distance in both cases.

01:24:30All sea snakes need to surface regularly to breathe since they have no gills.

01:24:35That's why you can come across one while swimming.

01:24:37If that happens, you better swim away as fast as you can

01:24:40because most sea snakes have more venom than the average cobra or rattlesnake.

01:24:45However, since they only attack if provoked, bites are quite rare.

01:24:50One more cool fact about sea snakes.

01:24:53They are the only reptiles to give birth in the oceans.

01:24:56The majority of sea snakes keep the eggs within themselves

01:24:59and give birth to nearly fully formed snakes while swimming.

01:25:03That's except for the yellow-lipped sea krait though.

01:25:06They come onto land to lay eggs of their little ones.

01:25:09Remember the stonefish from the beginning of our tour?

01:25:11They're hunted by sea snakes. Blame the food chain.

01:25:16Alright, so here's the situation.

01:25:18You're walking home after a night out with friends.

01:25:21That's when you hear footsteps behind you.

01:25:24You turn around to see someone walking toward you.

01:25:27You think to yourself, are they following me?

01:25:30If you're ever in this scenario, here's what you do.

01:25:34Start walking slightly faster.

01:25:36If you hear the person's footsteps catching up with you, then your suspicions are correct.

01:25:42Try to make turns.

01:25:43Three or four right turns are enough to bring you back to your starting position.

01:25:47It'll confirm that the person is after you,

01:25:50since they have no reason to circle the area, and you'll get a chance to disappear.

01:25:55The moment you make a turn, start running until they lose sight of you.

01:25:59If some people are walking by, you can loudly say,

01:26:02Hey! and pretend they're your friends.

01:26:05Tell them someone is following you

01:26:07and ask if they can walk with you to a more public area

01:26:10until you find another way home.

01:26:13Don't go to your house or apartment when you're being followed,

01:26:16even if the group of people is offering to help you get there.

01:26:19This pursuer will then know where you live

01:26:22and might come back later or wait for you to leave the house.

01:26:27But let's assume nobody is on the street and this figure is still behind you.

01:26:32If you're wearing a hoodie, tuck the hood into your sweater to hide it.

01:26:36If your hair is up in a ponytail or bun, let it down as you walk.

01:26:41It'll be harder for your follower to grab your entire set of hair

01:26:45or pull your clothes if they have nothing to hold on to.

01:26:49Now you must lose them.

01:26:51If you've turned off a busy road earlier,

01:26:53you can pretend you've forgotten something by patting your pockets.

01:26:57Say out loud, Ah, where is my wallet?

01:27:00As you do so, start walking even faster in the opposite direction.

01:27:04This person will be less likely to pursue someone who's running toward a busy street,

01:27:09and they probably won't run after someone who doesn't have their wallet.

01:27:14Never say you've lost your keys. They'll come in handy later.

01:27:18Don't take your phone out and start browsing or texting.

01:27:21The light from the screen will make it harder for your eyes to adjust in the dark.

01:27:25That and looking through your phone will slow you down.

01:27:30Observe your surroundings and learn your exact location.

01:27:34As you walk, find out the street name, look at the house numbers,

01:27:38and what stores or buildings are around.

01:27:40You'll need these details later.

01:27:43If you can't get away and the side street or alley you're on seems endless,

01:27:47turn around and look at your follower.

01:27:49Look at their clothes, eyes, height, and age.

01:27:53Hmm, black hoodie, navy blue pants, green baseball cap. Got it.

01:27:58Then you can give an accurate description to the authorities.

01:28:01Doing that will also send a clear message to this person.

01:28:04Yup, I see you.

01:28:06People with bad intentions rely on the element of surprise.

01:28:10With a long, hearty eye contact, you'll take that away from them.

01:28:14It'll catch them off guard, and they won't see you as a target.

01:28:18Stand confident with your shoulders back, chin up.

01:28:21Don't look like you're lost or nervous.

01:28:23You'll give off an I-know-what-I'm-doing vibe.

01:28:26They don't like that.

01:28:27Let's say the green hat guy is brave and decides to approach you and ask for something.

01:28:32Keep consistent eye contact.

01:28:34If they ask you for directions, don't look down or away from them to reach for your phone.

01:28:39You'll become distracted.

01:28:41Just tell them you don't know the way.

01:28:43Their asking is suspicious enough.

01:28:45Who doesn't have a phone with maps these days?

01:28:49If you're carrying books or shopping bags,

01:28:51be ready to drop them as soon as you feel something's off.

01:28:54Holding on to heavy items will slow you down.

01:28:59Now you'll need your keys.

01:29:01Place them in your palm with the key's teeth sticking out through your fist.

01:29:06If worse comes to worse, you'll have something pointy to defend yourself with,

01:29:11so you can get away.

01:29:13Don't stay quiet.

01:29:15Make a fuss as you try to leave, and yell,

01:29:17FIRE instead of HELP.

01:29:19People react to that word more often than a call for general help.

01:29:22Plus, nobody wants to chase someone screaming at the top of their lungs

01:29:26and drawing attention to themselves.

01:29:29If they're following you from a further distance,

01:29:31then get your phone out and call the police.

01:29:34That's when you need to know all those details about the street you're on,

01:29:37your location, and the buildings.

01:29:40Stay on the phone with the dispatcher and follow their instructions.

01:29:44Another possible scenario is someone following you in public.

01:29:48If that happens, try to get to a grocery store

01:29:50or anywhere you can lose yourself in the crowd.

01:29:53If your jacket is a different color from your shirt, take your coat off.

01:29:57It'll be harder for this person to identify you.

01:30:00If you walk into a restaurant or coffee shop,

01:30:03and your follower is determined,

01:30:05they'll walk in and wait for you.

01:30:07One option is to go straight to the bathroom and stay there for 5-10 minutes.

01:30:11They might get tired and leave.

01:30:13If you get out and they're still there,

01:30:16get in line, order something,

01:30:18and casually let one of the staff members know you're being followed.

01:30:22They'll probably do something and keep an eye out for you.

01:30:26Grab your order and sit down.

01:30:28Get on your phone and let your family or friends know where you are

01:30:32so they can come and pick you up or keep you company.

01:30:35While you wait, try these tricks.

01:30:38Yawn.

01:30:39If the person yawns too, it means they've been watching you.

01:30:42Yawning is visually contagious.

01:30:45Pretend to look at your watch.

01:30:46If they check theirs too, they've got their eyes on you.

01:30:50We instinctively mimic the person we have our attention on.

01:30:54To trick them, leave the cafe and walk a little bit down the street

01:30:57until they lose sight of you.

01:30:59Then, as soon as they come out, walk back into the coffee shop.

01:31:03They'll have no reason to walk back in with you unless they were following you.

01:31:08When someone comes to pick you up,

01:31:09ask the staff to guide you to the back exit just to be safe.

01:31:14Avoid walking alone.

01:31:15If you do, keep to busy streets and always be aware of your surroundings.

01:31:19You know, all that stuff that lies beyond your phone screen?

01:31:23Haha, just messing with you.

01:31:25Hey, bottom line?

01:31:26I hope nothing like this ever happens to you.

01:31:29But being prepared for it gives you confidence like nothing else.

01:31:34This is it. The end!

01:31:36You're packing up everything you can in whatever bags you have.

01:31:40Food, clothes, toiletries.

01:31:43The news in the background goes on.

01:31:45Red alerts flashing all over the screen.

01:31:48You check your watch and you know it's time.

01:31:50You haven't even finished packing yet.

01:31:52You rush out of your house and see everyone else lugging suitcases hurriedly.

01:31:57You get in your car and drive out as fast as you can,

01:32:01dodging all the people running around.

01:32:04You arrive at a secluded place in the woods.

01:32:07You've been working on your personal bunker for years.

01:32:10It's able to withstand the worst conditions.

01:32:12Tornadoes, hurricanes, volcanoes, and, hopefully, asteroids.

01:32:19You run to the bunker hidden away next to some bushes and trees.

01:32:23There's no way anybody would know it's there.

01:32:26The door looks like the ones in bank vaults that contain huge piles of money.

01:32:31On the other side, a ladder that goes down 30 feet through a dark tunnel.

01:32:36The first thing you do is power up the place.

01:32:39It's all run on heavy-duty batteries powered from solar panels above.

01:32:44As a backup, a fuel-powered generator.

01:32:47Hopefully, you won't need to use it,

01:32:49but your life motto is a person can't have too many fail-safes.

01:32:55The entire bunker is built from concrete and steel to maintain maximum durability.

01:33:00The walls are several feet thick.

01:33:03You can finally let out that sigh of relief because you made it just in time.

01:33:09You suddenly feel the ground vibrate.

01:33:11The walls tremble.

01:33:13Fear tightens in your chest when all the cabinet doors shake open

01:33:16and the stored food starts tumbling out.

01:33:19Did you miscalculate?

01:33:20Is this thing going to hold up?

01:33:23The asteroid made contact far from where you are,

01:33:27but it feels like it fell right on top of you.

01:33:29The sound is deafening and the shock waves seem to never end.

01:33:34The light flickers.

01:33:35The flying dust is hazing your vision and filling your lungs.

01:33:39You grab a mask with one final thought.

01:33:42This is it.

01:33:43The bunker is going to collapse.

01:33:45At least I tried.

01:33:48One month later.

01:33:50You're making breakfast after another sleepless night.

01:33:54Luckily, you stored more than enough food.

01:33:57And what variety?

01:33:59Canned tuna, corned beef, beans, sardines.

01:34:03Then there's the dried goods.

01:34:05Rice, powdered milk, pasta, noodles, and even some treats.

01:34:10Honey and chocolate.

01:34:11You also allowed yourself soda and juice,

01:34:14but water makes up most of your stored hydrators.

01:34:18This place has been and will continue to be your home for,

01:34:23who knows, weeks, months, years?

01:34:27The thought sends a chill down your spine.

01:34:30At least you're in an ideal location,

01:34:33far inland and away from any coast,

01:34:36so any possible tidal waves shouldn't have flooded your area.

01:34:39You can't imagine what it looks like up there.

01:34:42Please don't let it be like The Dinosaurs Part 2.

01:34:46You need a distraction to take your thoughts away from the worst-case scenario.

01:34:50You walk through your house like a real estate agent giving a tour to potential buyers.

01:34:56At the entrance, you have the living quarters,

01:34:59a couch and coffee table with some outdated magazines and board games.

01:35:04In front of you, a small flat-screen TV with a DVD player.

01:35:08Sadly, no internet, but all those movies should keep you company.

01:35:13On a table nearby, you have a radio and telecommunications speaker

01:35:18that's like your ears and mouth to the outside.

01:35:21You also have your library with all sorts of books,

01:35:25classics, contemporary, and any genre, as long as it keeps your mind occupied.

01:35:31And if none of that helps you pass the time,

01:35:33there's always the video game consoles linked up to the TV.

01:35:37Ah, yes, the gym area.

01:35:40It's modest, just a treadmill and some dumbbells.

01:35:43You try to get plenty of cardio and weightlifting in to keep yourself fit and healthy.

01:35:48Well, for someone living underground like a mole.

01:35:52Of course, you have the kitchen.

01:35:54It's got a good-sized mini-fridge and a stainless steel sink

01:35:58with a bunch of cabinets storing all the goodies.

01:36:01You hook this place up with plumbing and pipes, bringing in clean drinking water.

01:36:06In case those stop working, you have water stored.

01:36:10The bathroom has a functioning toilet, sink,

01:36:13and a shower that's connected to the hot water pump.

01:36:16There's even a washer and dryer nearby.

01:36:20There's also a little workshop area.

01:36:22If something breaks, you can fix it here.

01:36:25You can also build some things out of scrap material,

01:36:28a chair or table if need be,

01:36:31a little figurine to put on the shelf and keep you company.

01:36:35Down some steps, you have another vital piece of the bunker, the greenhouse.

01:36:40It's all on lamps with artificial sunlight for obvious reasons.

01:36:45You'd be way worse off if you didn't have your fresh fruits and veggies.

01:36:49It's all self-sustaining, too.

01:36:51Any rotten or bad crops go into making compost for the soil to keep it well-nourished.

01:36:58You can forget about relying on meat for protein.

01:37:01Quinoa, beans, lentils, chickpeas, mushrooms, they get the job done.

01:37:07And just in case you're not getting every single mineral your body needs,

01:37:11you manage to stock up on multis.

01:37:14Vitamin D is a big one for life underground without the sun.

01:37:18Not far away from your little subterranean farm is your bedroom.

01:37:23It's got a queen-size bed, nightstand on the right, small wardrobe on the left.

01:37:28You don't have much variety in your attire,

01:37:30but who's going to notice if you wear the same outfit twice?

01:37:34The dust mites?

01:37:36You go down a ladder to find the generator room.

01:37:40There's a reason why it's further underground and sealed with soundproof material.

01:37:45The generator kicks in every now and then, and it's pretty noisy.

01:37:49It's also hooked up with the ventilation system, so the exhaust goes outside.

01:37:55Then there's the lung room.

01:37:58All these weird-looking boxes are pumps that bring in oxygen from the outside world,

01:38:04but it has an advanced filtration system to clean the air before pumping it into your shelter.

01:38:11Down here is also the storage room.

01:38:13Every spare part of anything goes here.

01:38:17Extra couch, mattress, sinks, even two freezers for those frozen goods, just in case.

01:38:24So, what's a day like in the bunker?

01:38:27First, whip up some breakfast and enjoy a cup of coffee.

01:38:31Then you head over to the communication radio to hear if there's any news from the outside world.

01:38:37So far, there's been none.

01:38:40As soon as you're done, you head to the greenhouse for some quick farming.

01:38:44You really like being in there because it feels like you're outside enjoying nature.

01:38:49At least a little bit.

01:38:51You pick anything that's ripe and bring it into the kitchen for a wash.

01:38:55And wouldn't you know it, it's lunchtime.

01:38:58You prepare yourself a nice salad of cucumbers, tomatoes, and lettuce.

01:39:02Some beets on the side, pasta, and you eat it up.

01:39:07After lunch, you pop in a DVD you haven't watched in a while.

01:39:11After the movie, you go around and do a quick check on the oxygen levels in water.

01:39:17Today happens to be your scheduled generator check-up as well.

01:39:21You head down to the basement to glance at the fuel level and oxygen filters.

01:39:25All good so far.

01:39:27Though, the thought of an even more extended stay worries you.

01:39:32What if you run out of fuel?

01:39:34You spend a few hours in the workshop tinkering around.

01:39:38Currently, no fixer-upper projects, and you're not feeling especially creative today.

01:39:43So you head to the gym.

01:39:45Today's leg day.

01:39:47Ugh, you dread it.

01:39:49Some things never change.

01:39:52Before you know it, it's time for dinner.

01:39:54You heat up some noodles and chill in the living room,

01:39:57listening to some tunes in the music player.

01:40:01This place cost you a little over $100,000,

01:40:04from digging up the site, to construction,

01:40:07and finally installing all the necessary systems needed for survival.

01:40:11And that's not including the extra food and personal activities for the bunker.

01:40:16Yes, you're lucky.

01:40:18All those luxuries make life good.

01:40:20Almost.

01:40:22Nothing new from the outside world after a whole month.

01:40:25You've always been a bit of an introvert,

01:40:27but this place is starting to push you a little.

01:40:31You're getting lonely.

01:40:33The sound of the radio snaps you out of your thoughts.

01:40:36Static? No, a muffled voice.

01:40:39Someone's trying to contact you.

01:40:41You bolt over to the communication radio,

01:40:43nearly tripping over your own feet from the shock.

01:40:46We made it! Ha!

01:40:48You're overcome with emotion.

01:40:50You've gotten pretty used to your life underground,

01:40:52but it's finally time to swing the door open

01:40:55and head out into the world.

01:40:59Ah, the beauty of nature all around you.

01:41:02The fresh air, and days and days of meditative rest

01:41:05far away from civilization ahead of you.

01:41:08But you've been walking for quite some time to get this far,

01:41:11and now it's time to set up camp.

01:41:14The woods around are dense,

01:41:16and there's no suitable place to put up your tent.

01:41:19Then, you notice a nice green patch

01:41:21completely devoid of trees,

01:41:23and only sprinkled with some low-growing bushes.

01:41:26Well, you go there, smug about your find,

01:41:29and get to work on the tent.

01:41:31The ground is unusually soft and smooth,

01:41:34but that doesn't bother you too much.

01:41:36All the better!

01:41:37The pegs go into the soil like a knife into butter.

01:41:40By the time you're done, it's dark already,

01:41:43so you get inside the tent

01:41:44and crawl into your cozy sleeping bag.

01:41:47You wake up from a creepy feeling

01:41:50that something's not right.

01:41:52You feel... wet?

01:41:54You start wriggling inside your bag,

01:41:56and yes, it's almost completely soaked from below.

01:42:00You rush out of the tent as quickly as you can,

01:42:03and see that it's started to sink into the ground.

01:42:06Turns out, you've set up camp on a swamp.

01:42:10And you've been lucky too.

01:42:12Swamps aren't always obvious.

01:42:14Sometimes you won't even see them

01:42:16until you're knee-deep in muck and trouble.

01:42:19Getting out of there can be tricky as well.

01:42:21The moss and roots create a soft padding

01:42:24that's slowly pulling you under.

01:42:26And when you try to raise your feet,

01:42:28you might end up without your boots.

01:42:30Telling a forest swamp is fairly easy

01:42:33when you know what to look for.

01:42:35If you're in a dense thicket

01:42:36and see a lush, sunlit glade

01:42:38where nothing but moss and an occasional bush grows,

01:42:42chances are high it's a swamp.

01:42:44You can also check it by stepping lightly on this serene ground.

01:42:48If it feels springy, better stay away.

01:42:51One other thing the swamp can be dangerous for is,

01:42:54surprisingly, a forest fire.

01:42:57If you stay too close to a swamp and start a campfire,

01:43:00it might catch on, especially if there's a strong wind.

01:43:04Swamps and marshes are chock-full of tar

01:43:07hidden underneath the layers of water and moss.

01:43:10When it starts to burn, extinguishing it is nearly impossible.

01:43:14Always keep a safe distance from any swamp

01:43:17before starting a campfire.

01:43:19Another common mistake while breaking camp in the wild

01:43:22is not looking up.

01:43:24Let's say you found some solid ground to put up a tent,

01:43:27cleared it from all the nasty cones and stones,

01:43:30and made sure there aren't any anthills close by.

01:43:33You don't want anything to creep inside your sleeping bag at night, do you?

01:43:38The spot you've chosen is perfect.

01:43:40And the tree your tent is leaning to

01:43:43protects you from the wind and rain.

01:43:45You set up for the night, turning off your camping light,

01:43:48and suddenly, your tent is thrashing as if a wild beast has attacked you.

01:43:53Bewildered, you scrambled out

01:43:55and see a huge branch has fallen on top of your tent.

01:43:59The worst thing about this is that you would've seen it coming

01:44:02if only you'd looked up before setting up camp.

01:44:06Half-broken and rotten branches are easy to spot,

01:44:09and it's never a good idea to put your tent straight beneath them.

01:44:12Such a thing can break off at any moment,

01:44:15and you'll be lucky if it doesn't tear your tent and harm you.

01:44:18You know, crunch.

01:44:20Dozens of tourists make this mistake every year

01:44:23and often pay dearly for it.

01:44:25Looking up will also help you make sure

01:44:28there are no wasp nests or spider nets above you.

01:44:31These might prove even worse than a branch

01:44:34because wasps don't like to be disturbed,

01:44:37and spiders may turn out to be venomous.

01:44:40Now, if you see a beautiful river

01:44:42and decide to break camp on its banks,

01:44:45pay special attention to where exactly you put up your tent as well.

01:44:49If you stay too close to the water,

01:44:51especially in spring or fall,

01:44:53chances are you'll find yourself afloat in the middle of the night.

01:44:58Always check the weather forecast for the day and the night after.

01:45:01If there's a chance of rain,

01:45:03better stay away from any bodies of water, especially rivers.

01:45:07The rain might raise the water level in it

01:45:09and make it burst its banks,

01:45:11drowning your little camp and ruining your vacation.

01:45:15But even if you're far from water,

01:45:17rain could spoil it for you.

01:45:19Say you're once again deep in the forest

01:45:21and tree crowns are protecting you from the weather.

01:45:24Precipitation still gets to the forest floor,

01:45:27but at least it's not as bad as in the open.

01:45:30The next night, when you set up camp in another place,

01:45:33you feel the ground is soft and springy.

01:45:35It's not a swamp though,

01:45:37just the last night's rain has loosened the soil.

01:45:40If you're in such a spot,

01:45:42better move to somewhere solid.

01:45:44Thing is, soft and loose ground

01:45:46might start creeping out from under you at any point.

01:45:49This movement isn't as dangerous as when you're in a swamp,

01:45:53but the pegs of your tent might come loose too,

01:45:56and you'll end up buried underneath a pile of rugs

01:45:58that used to be your tent.

01:46:00And if you decided to set up your camp in a cozy-looking valley,

01:46:05and the rain starts falling when you're already there,

01:46:08well, prepare for a nice floating trip.

01:46:11All the water will naturally go down and into your shelter,

01:46:14eventually finding its way under your tent.

01:46:17No wonder you'll find yourself knee-deep in rainwater when you wake up.

01:46:22Oh, what a great spot for taking a bit of rest after a long walk!

01:46:26It's on a hilltop, so there's no water nearby,

01:46:29the sun shining, and not a single tree to block it out.

01:46:33Sunbathing here is gonna be fabulous!

01:46:36Well, it seems this way for the first few hours,

01:46:39but when you stay here long enough,

01:46:41you'll see the error of your decision.

01:46:44Direct sunlight on your tent can make it hot in a matter of hours

01:46:48due to the materials it's made of.

01:46:50And you'll feel it on your skin as soon as you crawl inside.

01:46:53Let's just say you won't want to stay in there for long until it's night,

01:46:57and the tent's cooled down at least.

01:47:00Same thing with the wind.

01:47:01In an open spot, gusts can reach crazy speeds,

01:47:05and if you haven't been careful while hammering down the pegs,

01:47:08you might say goodbye to your tent sooner than you'd like.

01:47:12It's best to find a spot near a tree that would protect you,

01:47:16both from the sun and the wind.

01:47:18Still, don't get tempted to camp near a lone tree

01:47:21when the weather forecast isn't in your favor.

01:47:23Both sunny and rainy weather are okay,

01:47:26but if there's a serious storm coming,

01:47:29a single standing tree will serve as a lightning rod.

01:47:32It's not hard to imagine what may come

01:47:35if lightning strikes a tree you're camping under.

01:47:38Hey, you might get a charge out of it!

01:47:40When winter camping, the weather can be even more treacherous.

01:47:44Remember what I said about direct sunlight?

01:47:47Forget it. In winter, it's best to have the sun shining on your tent.

01:47:51The cold might get to you no matter how cool and expensive your tent is,

01:47:55and the winds are generally much more vicious in the cold season.

01:47:59Direct sunlight will help you cope with much of the cold.

01:48:03One of the more common mistakes hikers make

01:48:06is starting a campfire too close to the tent.

01:48:09Again, the material of the tent conducts heat very well,

01:48:13and it's a good thing when it's warm.

01:48:15But it also catches on fire easily.

01:48:17Sometimes, one spark is enough to burn your shelter to cinders.

01:48:22Make sure there's enough room between your tent and the campfire,

01:48:25and never leave your fire unsupervised.

01:48:28When you go to sleep, it's a rule to extinguish the fire

01:48:32so that you don't wake up to a blazing inferno around you.

01:48:36Insects can ruin even the most exciting hike.

01:48:39Mosquitoes, ants, ticks, and other pesky bugs

01:48:43can find their way into your tent wherever you are,

01:48:46so make sure you protect yourself from them.

01:48:49Use skin repellents when you go outside,

01:48:52and put an anti-insect spiral next to the entrance to your tent.

01:48:56Don't put it too close or inside, though.

01:48:58The smell is irritating, and it can also cause a fire.

01:49:02To avoid the best part of mosquitoes, and especially ticks,

01:49:06try to stay away from lakes, ponds, and dense forests where swamps may occur.

01:49:11Skeeters reproduce in still water,

01:49:14so areas around such pools are replete with the winged pests.

01:49:18But they have a hard time flying when there's some wind,

01:49:22so choosing an open spot is your best bet to get rid of them.

01:49:26Don't let them bug you.

01:49:29Welcome back to Science and You.

01:49:32As you're walking in the wild, a snake appears from some dry bushes

01:49:36and bites you above your ankle.

01:49:38How rather unfortunate.

01:49:40Keep calm.

01:49:41You must keep your heart rate and blood pressure low

01:49:44to slow down the spread of the venom.

01:49:47Remove your shoes and socks.

01:49:49Now, you must find out whether the bite came from a venomous or non-venomous snake.

01:49:55If you see two deep puncture wounds on your leg,

01:49:58they came from the venomous fellow's fangs.

01:50:00In a non-venomous serpent's bite, you'll see small sharp teeth in a U-shape.

01:50:06There are around 600 venomous snake species,

01:50:09and you should look out for vipers and cobras.

01:50:13Each has a different type of venom and needs different treatments.

01:50:17If a viper bites you, don't put pressure on your wound.

01:50:20Strapping the venom in one area could make the tissue damage worse.

01:50:25Then, you must rush to the nearest hospital for treatment.

01:50:29If a cobra bites someone, you must tie the area with a bandage

01:50:33to stop the venom from going further into their system.

01:50:37Keep an eye on the fellow that was bitten to make sure they're breathing.

01:50:41Yes, cobra venom can paralyze the diaphragm.

01:50:45Don't suck out the venom.

01:50:47It travels so fast into someone's system, you'll achieve nothing.

01:50:51Take a good look at the snake,

01:50:53and if you can, snap a few photos of it to show the medical staff.

01:50:57Try to have good picture composition.

01:51:00Moving on from snakes to allergies.

01:51:03Most people respond to allergens with a runny nose or some sneezing,

01:51:07but others have far more complicated responses.

01:51:11An itchy rash may be a sign of an allergic reaction.

01:51:15It might look like dermatitis,

01:51:17and it can show up a week after your exposure to an allergen.

01:51:21There was a rare case a few years ago.

01:51:24Someone got braces for the first time,

01:51:26and after a week, they developed an itchy rash under their wristwatch and stomach.

01:51:32As it turned out, they were allergic to the nickel in braces.

01:51:36If you get blisters on your skin after sitting in the sun for one to two hours,

01:51:42it's probably not sunburn, but an allergic reaction.

01:51:45You may also have some skin redness, tiny raised bumps, and scaling.

01:51:50When that happens, go to the emergency room fast.

01:51:53Experts will run tests and give you advice on how to continue from there.

01:51:59Sometimes different medications might cause it too,

01:52:02or fruits such as limes and parsnips can.

01:52:05If you're allergic to pollen, stay away from fruits and veggies.

01:52:09Some of them have proteins like the ones found in pollen,

01:52:13and your immune system responds to it as real pollen.

01:52:17They can trigger the same allergy symptoms such as itchiness,

01:52:21swelling of the mouth, face, and, well, you know the gist.

01:52:26You're trapped in a car during a winter storm.

01:52:28Outside, it's freezing, and you begin to shiver.

01:52:32That's a good thing.

01:52:34When temperatures drop below a comfortable level, your body starts to shake.

01:52:39This action boosts your body's surface heat production by 500%.

01:52:44But shivering can only warm you up for so long.

01:52:48After a while, your muscles will run out of fuel, and they'll stop contracting.

01:52:54If someone suddenly stops shaking, and they grow tired and want to fall asleep, act fast.

01:53:00Bring them indoors, remove any wet clothes, rub their hands and feet,

01:53:05wrap them in blankets, and find warm, dry compresses

01:53:09to apply to their chest, neck, or lower tummy.

01:53:13Never put a warm compress on their arms or legs.

01:53:16The sudden heat will force cold blood back to the heart, brains, and lungs,

01:53:22causing the body's core temperature to drop.

01:53:25While you're driving down an empty road,

01:53:28you hear an emergency radio broadcast about the weather.

01:53:32A tornado watch in your area means that a tornado is likely to happen.

01:53:37But a tornado warning means a tornado has appeared on the radar,

01:53:42or has been spotted in person.

01:53:45You should also be on the lookout for hail.

01:53:48It appears when updrafts within a thunderstorm push the rain into the thick clouds,

01:53:53and it freezes.

01:53:54But when a tornado is approaching, hail can arrive without rain.

01:53:59Then, everything gets quiet.

01:54:01The air becomes still, and there's no wind.

01:54:05Suddenly, you'll see the clouds moving quickly in a rotating pattern or toward the sky.

01:54:11You'll hear a loud waterfall sound that will turn into a roar as the tornado gets close.

01:54:17It'll be similar to the sound of trains and jets.

01:54:21Debris will begin to fall, and a funnel-shaped cloud will start to rotate,

01:54:26pulling branches and leaves upwards.

01:54:29If the tornado is not moving to either the left or the right,

01:54:33it might be coming toward you, and you won't realize it until it's too close.

01:54:39Take shelter!

01:54:41Just as you're chilling at home watching TV, you hear an eerie whooshing noise.

01:54:47It sounds like a soft gush of wind,

01:54:50but you confirm there's nothing there after checking all the doors.

01:54:55The next day, you feel pressure in your chest,

01:54:58and it gets worse as the week progresses.

01:55:01The chest pains follow with a dreaded feeling of exhaustion.

01:55:05You can't help but think there's something wrong with your body.

01:55:09But the problems are within your house.

01:55:12You might have carbon monoxide poisoning.

01:55:15When this gas fills your home, it builds up in your bloodstream,

01:55:19and it replaces the oxygen in your body.

01:55:22Poisoning can also cause headaches, nausea, and confusion.

01:55:27In those cases, run outside to get fresh air and call emergency service.

01:55:33Also, get a carbon monoxide detector,

01:55:36and add it in the hallway or areas where you sleep.

01:55:39Check the batteries twice a year,

01:55:41and when the alarm goes off, step outside,

01:55:45and you know who to call.

01:55:48You go ice skating.

01:55:49The ice on the lake seems thicker than it was,

01:55:52and uh-oh, you hear a cracking snap,

01:55:56and you end up in the icy water.

01:55:58First, your body will go into shock

01:56:01because of the sudden change in temperature.

01:56:04Don't worry, it will pass after one to three minutes.

01:56:08Now, you must find a solid piece of ice and hold onto it.

01:56:12Don't try to climb it.

01:56:14Just put your arms on it, kick your legs, and push the piece forward.

01:56:19It will help you drag your body onto the ice.

01:56:22Once you're on an ice sheet, don't stand up.

01:56:26If you do, your body weight will concentrate on the smaller ice area,

01:56:30and it'll break again.

01:56:32Just keep rolling until you're further on the stable ground.

01:56:37What if you have to break the window of a hot car?

01:56:41Car windows have layers of materials that can resist force.

01:56:45Here's what you need to do.

01:56:47Avoid the back windows or the front windshield of the car.

01:56:51They're harder to break.

01:56:53Go for the passenger and driver's side windows.

01:56:56If you've got a hammer, don't hit the glass in the middle.

01:57:00Aim for the edges, where the glass breaks easily.

01:57:04Now, if the windows refuse to break with a hammer, screwdriver,

01:57:08or whatever you've got around, look for a small, pointy rock.

01:57:13If that doesn't work either, then your best bet is your car's spark plug.

01:57:18Pop your hood, pull out the spark plug,

01:57:21break the porcelain casing,

01:57:23and throw the broken ceramic piece anywhere at the window.

01:57:28It's the middle of summer, and you're vacationing somewhere on the Pacific Rim.

01:57:33Suddenly, you feel a strong quake.

01:57:36Well, this could be the first warning sign of an approaching tsunami,

01:57:41or it could trigger large waves thousands of miles across.

01:57:46But there are other telltale signs that a tsunami is approaching.

01:57:51One is a change in water levels, either rising or falling.

01:57:56If you see the ocean withdrawing quickly and the seabed getting exposed,

01:58:01you should run at least 100 feet above sea level and one mile inland.

01:58:07Many experts say once the seawater starts receding,

01:58:10you've got five minutes to evacuate before the enormous wave hits.

01:58:16Remember, it's all about science and you!

01:58:21You're walking down the beach toward the water, but something feels different today.

01:58:28The water is bright green, and your nose gets filled with a recognizable pungent stench of rotting eggs.

01:58:34Should you probably come closer to check this unusual phenomenon?

01:58:39Stop right now until it's too late!

01:58:42What you see is called a harmful algal bloom, also called algae bloom,

01:58:46and approaching it is a very bad idea.

01:58:50This bloom contains algae that can produce dangerous toxic gases.

01:58:54That's what makes previously popular touristy places deserted and outright treacherous.

01:59:00You can come to a sea or lake beach and spot something that looks like blue-green foam

01:59:04floating on or just beneath the surface of the water.

01:59:07Or it may resemble streaks of bright green paint.

01:59:10Some blooms, called red tides, can color the water brown or red.

01:59:15Anyway, once you notice something like that, try to stay away,

01:59:18keep in check that curiosity of yours, and don't go exploring.

01:59:22When algae decompose, pockets of toxic hydrogen sulfide gas are trapped under the crust.

01:59:29If you unknowingly step on such a pocket, you'll set the gas free and can accidentally inhale it.

01:59:35It's enough to say that this is likely to end tragically.

01:59:39On some beaches, bulldozers pile up the algae into dump trucks and bring it to special centers.

01:59:45There, workers dry the seaweed and get rid of it.

01:59:48But sometimes, these centers have to be temporarily closed.

01:59:52Algae mixed with sand and mud smells so awful that local people can't sleep at night because of the stench.

01:59:59There are three types of dangerous algae that can gather into harmful algal blooms.

02:00:04Cyanobacteria, dinoflagellates, and diatoms.

02:00:08All of them are made up of minuscule floating life forms that use sunlight to create their own food.

02:00:14The blue-green algal blooms are caused by cyanobacteria.

02:00:18They produce dangerous toxins that destroy nerve tissue.

02:00:21It can get so bad that water treatment plants might be unable to get rid of the toxin.

02:00:26Then, local people are recommended not to use tap water.

02:00:30Dinoflagellates and one diatom species are responsible for creating red tides.

02:00:36They occur mostly in ocean bays.

02:00:38For a red algal bloom to form, the water has to be warm, salty, and rich in nutrients.

02:00:44Such blooms release a huge amount of different toxins.

02:00:47In Texas, red tides used to happen once in a decade.

02:00:51Now, they occur every three years.

02:00:53In Florida, red algal blooms appear every year.

02:00:57Long, skinny diatoms can also produce toxic substances harmful to people.

02:01:02To make it even worse, if some shellfish, like razor clams, eat a lot of this plankton, they become toxic too.

02:01:08That's why cooking them for dinner can lead to a disaster.

02:01:12It's one of the reasons why marine waters are usually monitored.

02:01:15If toxin levels become too high, beaches get closed for shellfish harvesting.

02:01:20Harmful algal blooms can last for several days to a couple of months.

02:01:25They rid the water of oxygen, causing marine life to disappear.

02:01:29But it gets even worse when microbes start to decompose the algae at the end of the bloom.

02:01:34They consume even more oxygen in the process, and no fish can survive it.

02:01:39This creates huge areas of water almost totally devoid of oxygen and any kind of plant or animal life.

02:01:46Harmful algal blooms appear in the regions with too many nutrients in the water.

02:01:51And the most common of these nutrients comes from agriculture and other industries.

02:01:56Plus, winter monsoons have become warmer and now carry more moisture.

02:02:01This allows algae to gather in huge blooms.

02:02:04Some of them get so gigantic that the thick green swirls can be seen from space.

02:02:09Not all algal blooms are harmful, though.

02:02:12Some of them just add a terrible taste to the water, change its color, or produce revolting smells.

02:02:17Unfortunately, you won't be able to tell toxic algae from totally harmless kinds, judging only by their appearance.

02:02:25Algae aren't the only organisms that look deceitfully harmless.

02:02:29Here are other marine inhabitants you should never, ever touch.

02:02:33The arukinji jellyfish, found in Australia, looks tiny and totally innocent.

02:02:38But appearances are deceitful.

02:02:40And this baby, the size of a human thumbnail, is actually lethal.

02:02:45During stinger season, which lasts from November to May, tons of beaches get closed because of these itsy-bitsy creatures.

02:02:52What makes the jellyfish particularly dangerous is their miniature size.

02:02:56You will simply fail to notice one while swimming. Oops.

02:03:00The blue-ringed octopus looks not just harmless, it's breathtakingly beautiful.

02:03:06But don't let the looks fool you.

02:03:08You wouldn't want to disturb this relatively small, 8-inch long creature.

02:03:12It carries enough venom to bring down 26 adults within mere minutes.

02:03:16And once the animal feels threatened, well, you can probably guess the outcome.

02:03:21At the same time, when left alone, the octopus is absolutely docile.

02:03:26The infamous box jellyfish, named for its cubic body shape, lives in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

02:03:33Stay clear from a creature with a squarish bell and long, dangling tentacles.

02:03:38And even if you see only a single tentacle, without the jellyfish attached to it, don't come close or touch it.

02:03:45A box jellyfish can grow up to 10 feet, and each of its tentacles has about 500,000 microscopic harpoons to inject venom.

02:03:53Unlike other jellyfish, box jellyfish are hunters.

02:03:56They can latch on to you by wrapping their slender tentacles around your limb or body.

02:04:01With how dangerous their venom is, it won't be a pleasant experience.

02:04:06The crown-of-thorns starfish got its name because of the venomous spines covering its entire body.

02:04:12The second-largest starfish in the world, it can grow up to 20 inches across.

02:04:17They feed on corals, and they eat a lot.

02:04:20Just one hungry starfish can finish off more than 100 square feet of corals within a year.

02:04:25The creatures also tend to have loads of babies.

02:04:28They produce more than 500 million eggs at a time. Really, an overachiever!

02:04:35The fairly small, blue-spotted ribbon-tailed ray mostly lives in the tropical Indian and western Pacific Oceans, near coral reefs.

02:04:43No more than 14 inches across, the creature has a striking color pattern.

02:04:48It's yellow with electric blue spots on its body and several blue stripes on its tail.

02:04:53But however pretty this animal is, keep in mind that it's also dangerous.

02:04:58It can injure you with venomous tail spines.

02:05:02You can come across lionfish in the South Pacific Ocean and in the Caribbean Sea.

02:05:07Despite what most people think, it's okay to cook these fish.

02:05:11These creatures present real danger when they are alive.

02:05:14You can get accidentally stung by their needle-sharp fins that contain venom.

02:05:19If you're an enthusiastic shell collector, you should know the cone snail by sight.

02:05:24About 4 inches long, the snail looks cute and innocent.

02:05:28But this look is deceitful, especially if you're dealing with a tropical species.

02:05:33Imagine finding a pretty shell and picking it up.

02:05:36You aren't afraid. Your diving gloves seem to offer perfect protection.

02:05:40But cone snails have tiny needle-like protrusions they can deploy from their mouths.

02:05:45And those are full of lethal neurotoxins.

02:05:48These harpoons can easily get through your diving suit's fabric.

02:05:51But the worst thing is that the venom contains painkillers.

02:05:54You won't even know you've been stung.

02:05:58The flower urchin got to the Guinness Book of Records as the most dangerous sea urchin on the planet.

02:06:03These creatures live in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.

02:06:07And while a flower urchin may look like something you'd love to see in your aquarium, never ever touch it.

02:06:13Flower urchins have enough venom to make your holiday extremely unpleasant.

02:06:17Or short.

02:06:20The reef stonefish, the world's most venomous fish, knows how to camouflage.

02:06:25Oh goody.

02:06:26It can blend into the surroundings so well, you won't even notice it, even if you're paying attention.

02:06:31This makes it all too easy to step on the fish.

02:06:35Once the creature feels threatened, like when you're accidentally trying to crush it,

02:06:39it extends the venomous spines growing along its back.

02:06:42The more pressure, the more venom the fish produces.

02:06:45The creature remains dangerous even taken out of the water.

02:06:50The Indonesian needlefish isn't venomous, doesn't have sharp teeth,

02:06:54and will most likely stay as far away from you as possible.

02:06:57The danger lies in the fish's body shape.

02:07:00After all, it wasn't called the needle for nothing.

02:07:03Needlefish swim near the surface.

02:07:05In case of danger, they launch themselves out of the water, and their speed can reach 37 mph.

02:07:12Their long, sharp jaws turn the fish into flying spears.

02:07:17The striped surgeonfish got its name because of the spines growing near the base of its tail.

02:07:22When the fish feels in danger, it moves the tail and reveals these scalpel-shaped spines.

02:07:28If you don't hurry to move away, you can get several nasty cuts.

02:07:32Keep in mind that some species are also venomous.

02:07:35Hey, have a nice day at the beach, y'all!

02:07:39That's it for today.

02:07:40So hey, if you pacified your curiosity, then give the video a like and share it with your friends.

02:07:45Or if you want more, just click on these videos and stay on the Bright Side.

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