• l’année dernière
Sans biodiversité, pas de vie humaine. Les végétaux et les animaux ont tous une utilité, qu’on peut appeler «contribution de la nature à l’homme».

Le sujet de la thèse de Pierre-Louis Rey, qu'il réalise à l'Université de Lausanne, c’est d’étudier l’apport des espèces à l’humain. Et il peut autant vous parler d’un simple brin d’herbe comme du sapin, ou du canard au bord du lac et du bouquetin perché sur ses falaises.

Category

🐳
Animaux
Transcription
00:00 And for you, what is a tree? It's just a prickly tree.
00:02 Well, it's much more than that.
00:04 And it's the same for all living beings.
00:06 After identifying more than 30,000 relations between animal, plant and human species,
00:11 I will explain what I did, because that's the subject of my thesis.
00:14 (Femme Science)
00:16 You probably know it, without biodiversity, no human life.
00:18 Plants and animals all have a utility that can be called the contribution of nature to man.
00:23 The idea is to study the contribution of species to humans.
00:27 I can tell you about a simple grass arm, like a tree, or a duck by the lake,
00:32 and a pear tree perched on top of its cliff.
00:35 Come on, don't you want to shit, Bella?
00:37 All this to establish a kind of huge social network,
00:40 the largest table of relations known to date between the functions of more than 2,000 species and the well-being of humans.
00:45 Finally, biodiversity is just a huge Facebook where everyone could create a link with everyone.
00:51 And if there is one place to illustrate all this, it is on Pandora, the exo-moon of Avatar.
00:55 For example, Aiwa, the divinity of the Navi.
00:58 It is a spiritual tree that also serves for healing and communication.
01:02 The scientists of the film try to understand its functioning and its contribution to the balance of the ecosystem.
01:07 You can imagine that my job is to find the functions of each of these species, like with Aiwa.
01:13 But on Earth.
01:14 Except that on Earth, and even to be more precise, in Switzerland,
01:17 we never gathered all this knowledge to identify our relationship with the species.
01:22 Without even having to link your horse's tail to its branch, with my work,
01:26 you will know that the EPICEA can be useful for heating, construction, therapeutic care,
01:31 CO2 capture or to limit landslides.
01:34 There, I gave you 5 contributions of the EPICEA to humans.
01:37 But in total, we have more than 30,000 relations between these 2,000 species and humans.
01:42 With this basis, you will realize that all species are essential to our balance and our environment.
01:48 And here, the question that is annoying. Is this balance is bankable for the future or not?
01:53 It's true, with global warming and the disappearance of some of these species, the question is, after all.
01:58 The answer is obtained by means of statistics,
02:00 by modeling where all these species will be in the future, depending on different climatic scenarios.
02:06 These maps of the future allow us to know where the balance of our environment will be in danger or not.
02:12 And if its functioning will be modified because of emigration or the disappearance of species from our territory.
02:19 The first results show that with global warming, whether strong or very strong,
02:23 this balance will change and humans will lose in quality of life with a decrease in the contribution of nature.
02:29 CATASTROPHIC
02:31 You will understand, I'm not talking about an avatar spin-off, but about our real world.
02:35 So yes, it's important to limit our CO2 emissions, to protect polar bears and their penguins,
02:40 but that's not enough. If we want to maintain a balance and our well-being,
02:44 all species, and even the most basic ones like the simple pythondi, must be taken into account.
02:48 And that, on Pandora, they understood it well.
02:51 (upbeat music)
02:53 [BLANK_AUDIO]

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