Presiden Prabowo Subianto menargetkan 38 provinsi di Indonesia seluruhnya memiliki Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK). Kepala negara mengatakan, pengembangan KEK diperlukan untuk fundamental ekonomi negara yang kuat.
Salah satu KEK yang baru saja diresmikan Presiden Prabowo adalah KEK Industropolis Batang, yang sebelumnya bernama Kawasan Industri Terpadu Batang (KITB). Menteri Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian Airlangga Hartarto mengatakan perubahan status tersebut dilakukan agar lebih banyak investasi yang masuk ke kawasan tersebut.
Pemerintahan Presiden Prabowo mempercepat program akselerasi investasi dalam KEK, sebagaimana tertuang di Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) 2025-2029. Hal ini untuk meningkatkan peran industri sebagai penggerak sumber pertumbuhan baru.
Salah satu KEK yang baru saja diresmikan Presiden Prabowo adalah KEK Industropolis Batang, yang sebelumnya bernama Kawasan Industri Terpadu Batang (KITB). Menteri Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian Airlangga Hartarto mengatakan perubahan status tersebut dilakukan agar lebih banyak investasi yang masuk ke kawasan tersebut.
Pemerintahan Presiden Prabowo mempercepat program akselerasi investasi dalam KEK, sebagaimana tertuang di Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) 2025-2029. Hal ini untuk meningkatkan peran industri sebagai penggerak sumber pertumbuhan baru.
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TVTranscript
00:00Indonesia's Special Economic Zone
00:13President Prabowo Subianto estimates that ideally,
00:16every province in Indonesia can have at least one special economic zone.
00:21And the presence of the special economic zone is generally expected
00:25will be able to strengthen the foundation of the national economy.
00:33President Prabowo Subianto hopes that 38 provinces in Indonesia
00:37can have a special economic zone or KEK.
00:42According to Prabowo, ideally, every province in Indonesia
00:45has at least one special economic zone.
00:50We are optimistic, and this is one of the dozens of special economic zones
00:56that we are planning to build.
00:58Ideally, there should be one special economic zone in every province.
01:02So in the end, we should have 38 special economic zones.
01:06That's what we want to achieve.
01:09I think we will see that the more we move forward,
01:14the better, the stronger.
01:17Fundamentally, our economy is strong.
01:19If there is turbulence here, it is the turbulence of the world.
01:24But we are strong. Fundamentally, we are strong.
01:28The head of state also appreciates the development
01:31of the special economic zone, Industropolis Batang,
01:34which has a very good development plan.
01:38President Prabowo notes the positive of many large companies
01:42involved in the development of the special economic zone,
01:45Industropolis Batang,
01:47where seven companies have operated
01:49and seven other companies are still in the construction stage.
01:55The president said that the government's plan for the future,
01:58among others, creates jobs through investment
02:02as well as increasing the value of commodities through hillarization.
02:08According to Prabowo, hillarization is very much needed by Indonesia
02:12so that the added value of the commodities owned by Indonesia
02:16can be enjoyed by the entire Indonesian people.
02:21From Batang, Central Java, IDX Channel coverage team.
02:28To discuss our theme this time,
02:30the special economic zone, Game Changer, economic equality.
02:33We have been connected through Zoom
02:35with Mr. Yayat Supriyatna, a city surveyor from Trisarti University.
02:39Hello, Mr. Yayat, how are you?
02:41Hello, Mr. Pras. I'm good.
02:44Good. Good spirit and also good news.
02:46Thank you for your time.
02:48Then there is Mr. Yusuf Rendy,
02:50Manilat Peneliti Ekonomi Kor Indonesia.
02:52Hello, Mr. Yusuf, how are you?
02:54Good news, Mr. Pras.
02:55Good. Thank you also for your time.
02:58And before discussing further, Mr. Yusuf,
03:00maybe you can review first
03:02the development of the special economic zone in Indonesia
03:06until now.
03:08Has it made a significant contribution
03:10or are there still some challenges to be faced?
03:14Okay. Thank you, Mr. Pras.
03:16So, if we look at it now,
03:18Indonesia has about 24 special economic zones.
03:24Okay.
03:25So, of the 24, 12 special economic zones
03:28the special economic zone is intended for the industrial sector.
03:33Then there are 8 for tourism sector,
03:373 for digital sector,
03:39and 1 for other services.
03:41The accumulation of investment that has entered the sector
03:46is at 263 trillion.
03:50And even last year,
03:52the realization of investment that entered the sector
03:55reached 90 trillion
03:57and that exceeded the target set by the government.
04:02There is also for the absorption of labor in an accumulative way,
04:07the SEZ absorbed about 160,000 to 874 people
04:15in each SEZ.
04:17And just like the realization of investment last year,
04:21the labor that was absorbed also exceeded the target.
04:25So, if we look at it here,
04:27the SEZ has a contribution,
04:30especially in the context of promoting the realization of investment
04:34in several areas.
04:36Okay.
04:37But at the same time,
04:39we also need to say that
04:44the SEZ abroad does have its own challenges.
04:49If we look at the top 10 SEZ realizations,
04:54the SEZ is generally located in Java and Sumatra.
04:58But outside the top 10,
05:01it is located in islands such as Sulawesi and Maluku.
05:05So why is the SEZ in Sulawesi or Maluku
05:09not as good as the performance of the SEZ in Java and Sumatra?
05:14This is due to basic problems,
05:17including infrastructure problems,
05:20support for the SEZ itself,
05:24and also the problems of the SEZ management body itself.
05:28Because no matter what,
05:30the SEZ management body also plays an important role
05:34to ensure that the SEZ can promote or increase
05:38the realization of investment or not.
05:40So on the one hand,
05:42the SEZ does have an economic contribution
05:45through the increase in the realization of investment.
05:47But on the other hand, the SEZ, especially outside Java,
05:51still has room to be increased
05:53as an economic contribution in each region.
05:56Okay.
05:57Mr. Yayat, from your point of view,
05:59related to the development of the SEZ in Indonesia,
06:02how do you see it?
06:03Is it ideal enough to support
06:06the joint economic activities?
06:08Moreover, it was hoped that in every province in Indonesia,
06:11there is at least one SEZ.
06:15Yes, actually we refer to history.
06:18In the development of this particular economic area,
06:20we have had a lot of experience from the development of the SEZ.
06:24The SEZ was almost evenly distributed in almost every province.
06:28But the realization of the development of economic areas
06:33in my opinion, there are three things that are the biggest obstacles.
06:36Okay.
06:37The first is in the aspect of the institution.
06:39The realization of the institution sometimes becomes a dilemma in the region
06:43when the authorities who are actually responsible
06:47for the management of the area,
06:50then the organization,
06:52then the resources, and so on.
06:54The second question is the aspect of financing.
06:58Because the realization in the context of the development of this economic area,
07:02when referring to the fiscal space in the region,
07:05the regions that are placed as economic areas
07:08sometimes support from grassroots interest,
07:11from other aspects that have very high barriers.
07:15Just now Yusuf was right.
07:16Between Java and outside Java, the gap is very far.
07:20It means that we really have to re-evaluate the effectiveness
07:26if it is developed in each region.
07:28Because each region has different characteristics.
07:31Yes.
07:32Then other than the aspect of the institution and financing,
07:35we also have to look at the type of development.
07:38I have been handling this area for quite a long time,
07:41starting from the KPET to the development of the superpriority area.
07:46Okay.
07:47What is interesting is,
07:48as Yusuf said,
07:50there is a difference in my opinion,
07:52in the development of areas that are manufactured industry,
07:56indeed the dominance of Java is very interesting.
07:58But in the development of tourism areas,
08:01this becomes a very big challenge.
08:04Because the environment is not like manufacturing,
08:07the industry area.
08:08If tourism is very wide,
08:10and tourism is the one with the biggest obstacle,
08:13it is the infrastructure that does not fully support it.
08:17Because I learned from several areas that I was involved in the process,
08:22the synergy of the institution,
08:24the synergy of the government,
08:25and the synergy of the program becomes a problem too.
08:28It has not yet been added to the capabilities of each province.
08:31So, in my opinion,
08:33Mr. President's invitation for each province that has a specific economic area,
08:39we ask again to the regions,
08:41whether all regions are ready or not.
08:43Because based on the reports in the past,
08:47many economic areas are not developing at all.
08:50It was just proposed to get a project or get help from the program.
08:55But the initiative is weak.
08:57So don't look at it as a project.
09:01Okay, interesting.
09:02If we look at the report earlier,
09:03it was mostly about infrastructure.
09:05Now, if we talk about the infrastructure problem,
09:07it means that it requires not a small amount of funds,
09:10and not a short period of time.
09:12What do you think about it?
09:13Is this really a long-term project,
09:16if it is a multi-year project from the government itself?
09:18Yes, basically, when the government proposes to build KEK,
09:24of course the planning becomes very important.
09:27Including the planning for the infrastructure
09:31that will support the activities of the KEK itself.
09:35Unfortunately, it was not implemented well in all KEKs.
09:43Because the planning means that the KEK was built first,
09:49but the support infrastructure came later.
09:52In simple terms, it's like that.
09:54Even though this becomes crucial,
09:57because when investors want to enter the KEK,
10:02and when they see that the support infrastructure is not ready,
10:05it will also determine their decision
10:08in terms of whether they want to invest in the KEK or not.
10:15So I think the planning problem is important in the beginning.
10:20And if we look at the planning,
10:22it will involve many parties, including the central government,
10:26then the regional government, and also business actors in the region.
10:31Because the hope is that this KEK will also be used by several business actors in the region.
10:37So actually, the KEK should also be able to accommodate the interests of business actors in the region.
10:44Even for funding, I agree that this is one of the challenges.
10:50But we think that in the beginning,
10:53when the government wants to propose,
10:56there was a promise of one province, one KEK,
11:00it also has to be thought about how to fund the infrastructure.
11:04Remembering that in the past 5 or 10 years,
11:08infrastructure funding is still one of the main concerns
11:12in the development process in Indonesia.
11:14Okay, if we talk about categorization,
11:18the development of the KEK,
11:20then how to adjust it according to the capabilities of the Central Government,
11:22we will discuss it in the next segment.
11:24Mr. Yayat, we will take a break for a while.
11:26And Mr. Mirsa, we will be right back after this.
11:30NEXT EPISODE
11:45Yes, you are still watching Market Review.
11:47Our next guest,
11:48we will be back with a number of data for you
11:50related to the clusterization of special economic areas.
11:54Yes, as you can see on your television screen for KEK Industri,
11:58there are tourism, digital, education and technology,
12:02as well as other services.
12:04And next, we look at the realization of investment in special economic areas.
12:09Throughout 2024, it reached Rp 90.1 trillion,
12:14while the cumulative realization until 2024 reached Rp 263.4 trillion.
12:24The next is the supply of workers in special economic areas.
12:27In 2024, there were 47,747 people,
12:32while cumulatively, we see 160,874 people.
12:40That's it from the supply of workers.
12:42Okay, we will continue the discussion again with Mr. Yayat Supriyatna,
12:45then there is also Mr. Yusuf, then Mr. Manilet.
12:48Okay, if we deal with some of the information that has been mentioned earlier,
12:52if we talk about the categorization of KEK development,
12:55then it is adjusted according to the ability of each province.
13:00Mr. Yusuf, you see the scenario,
13:03then Mr. Yayat also mentioned who will be the leader there
13:08when it comes to managing special economic areas.
13:10What do you think?
13:12Yes, so we know that the area has a medium-term development plan,
13:20which basically outlines some of the development plans that will be carried out by the region.
13:29And in my opinion, when there is an option or plan to build a KEK,
13:35it should be accommodated in the development plan.
13:40And in our opinion, the region also needs to convey its view
13:47regarding this statement,
13:49because I think it has been explained by Mr. Yayat
13:53that each area or each province has different fiscal capabilities.
13:59And this will determine how the development of the KEK itself.
14:04Remember, if we look at one of the characteristics of the KEK,
14:08it is usually the regional government that provides various incentives.
14:13One of the incentives given in the region
14:16is that several local tax incentives are not allocated to the KEK.
14:22And of course, when this is done,
14:24it will affect the fiscal capabilities of each region.
14:27That's why I think the regional government should also convey their consent
14:33regarding the government's plan to build a KEK
14:37so that later the region does not build a KEK that does not perform in the future.
14:44So it must be one of the concerns that the regional government conveys.
14:49Okay. So, Mr. Yayat, how do you see the potential for the future?
14:54The President has already stated that each province must have a KEK.
15:00How about the preparation of land?
15:02Then we know that the locations of the KEK must also be supported by suitable infrastructure
15:06so that the distribution of products or production activities there can also be smooth,
15:12there is no obstacle.
15:14This is actually interesting.
15:16If I say that the KEK is better, it is made according to its typology and characteristics.
15:22So the KEK, the Special Economic Zone, is ready, ready, ongoing.
15:27Usually, if we look at what is practiced,
15:30it is the KEK or the Special Economic Zone that is managed by private investment or a certain business body.
15:38For example, I mentioned the Special Economic Zone for digital and education.
15:43Where is it?
15:44It's in the BDSB.
15:46There is a business body that manages the area.
15:48It prepares the infrastructure.
15:51Various other types of Special Economic Zones in the form of industrial areas are managed by business bodies.
15:57So don't ask the regional government.
15:59The regional government does not have a business body capable of such a large scale.
16:04So it means that there is an economic zone that is ready to immediately implement, move, and manage the infrastructure.
16:11Second, there is a KEK that is in the process, but between developing or not.
16:17For example, the Pariwisata Superiority Economic Zone.
16:21It has developed, but it cannot develop again because of various cases in the area.
16:27For example, in the Special Economic Zone for the Pariwisata Superiority and Otoba, Manadul, Kupang, and other areas.
16:37And the last one, the interesting one, is the KEK Wacana.
16:40In fact, if asked in every 38 provinces, it is only Wacana.
16:45Okay, we're ready, and so on.
16:47And one more thing asked by this president,
16:51don't be trapped only in the realization of the area, but is there any inconvenience in investment?
16:58For example, what is interesting, what is complained in the industrial area is premonition.
17:02Debt collection, and so on.
17:06So we are offered, but not comfortable and safe.
17:10There are already many complaints that are said by entrepreneurs,
17:13who complain about how uncomfortable it is to invest in industrial areas,
17:18because there are so many various concerns that disturb and become a burden for the convenience of the investment itself.
17:25So the requirements are not only the requirements of the technical infrastructure,
17:29the requirements of the rules and regulations of the support,
17:32but the most important thing is, is there any disturbance, instability in the form of pre-management interference,
17:39or interference through the rules made by the local government.
17:44The concern made by the entrepreneurs is,
17:47before anything else, they have been asked for various complaints,
17:51other things that make the investment so uncomfortable for them.
17:55Okay, this is interesting, Mr. Iyad.
17:57Mr. Soesop, what do you think?
17:59So if we look at it like that, what is it like, maybe,
18:01the implementation of the development of a special economic area policy that is ideal,
18:06so good for entrepreneurs, then the local government,
18:10there is no more non-technical interference that has nothing to do with industrial activities,
18:16which in fact becomes a hindrance when it makes investors think twice.
18:22Yes, if we talk about the non-technical aspects,
18:25I think it is the government's job to ensure that aspects such as previous complaints,
18:32complaints that are not formal, can be eliminated.
18:39Because it does add up to the cost of investment that will be borne by the investor
18:45or those who already exist in certain economic or industrial areas.
18:53So I think this is a classic problem, but unfortunately it still continues.
19:00I don't think the issue of pre-management is a new issue.
19:02So if the government wants to build a special economic area,
19:07it must also prioritize aspects that may not be discussed much.
19:13Because I think we always talk about the technical aspects,
19:18the problem of infrastructure, funding, but aspects like this
19:22that I think have not been seen much by the government.
19:26What is equally important is that when the government wants to build a special economic area,
19:33it also needs to be adjusted to see if there is a similar area in the province or district that will be built.
19:41Because this will also determine how successful the area will be in increasing investment.
19:50Because if we take an example, for example, one example is KAEKA Palu.
19:55KAEKA Palu was established for the basic metal industry.
19:59However, KAEKA Palu's performance is not very good
20:04because at the same time, in Central Sulawesi, there is a Morowali industrial area
20:09whose function and purpose are similar to KAEKA Palu.
20:12So I think things like this also need to be considered by the government.
20:16Don't have the urge to build KAEKA, but the aspects like this are forgotten by the government.
20:23Okay, but are you optimistic that KAEKA can finally be a game changer
20:28to support economic equality, support economic development up to 8% in 2029?
20:38Optimistic with the note that the things we discussed at the beginning,
20:43such as the problem of infrastructure, then funding, then non-technical aspects
20:49can be solved by the government.
20:52Don't let these aspects be forgotten.
20:56So that later, the realization of investment in KAEKA,
21:01in the end, it can push the development or the realization of investment in KAEKA
21:07in the so-called island of Java, but outside Java.
21:10In the end, the same episode repeats again,
21:13where the realization of investment becomes less
21:17and in the end, this will affect the achievement of the investment target
21:21that will be achieved by the government.
21:23And the outcome will also affect how the government can achieve
21:28the 8% economic growth target.
21:31Okay, Mr. Yateng Mbenasi, what can you give us
21:34if we talk about the experience you have shared earlier,
21:37then what is the most crucial thing that can support
21:40an area to develop into a special economic area,
21:43so that there are no more elements that interfere procedurally
21:49or production from one area itself?
21:52Yes, my first advice in the development of this economic area
21:56is not to be uniform, to diversify.
22:00The characteristics of a special economic area based on manufacturing or industry
22:05are different from the development of a special economic area based on tourism.
22:10So, for example, development in an economy that is manufactured industry
22:14is seen in supply and demand, depending on the global market
22:19and the aspects of the needs of the industry that are developed.
22:22But if we look at the aspect of tourism destinations, it is different.
22:28In the industry, maybe we have to calculate the capitalization
22:31of how many products we can produce and sell.
22:34But in the development of tourism areas,
22:37it is managed by humans.
22:40The hospitality, the culture, the approach is different.
22:44So, if we want to target the number, it's okay.
22:48But the obstacle that we have to fix is the management of the institution.
22:53So, from the characteristics of the economic area,
22:55I can say that there must be a clear typology for the industry,
22:59how to manage the development, how to manage tourism,
23:03and also for the aspects of education and digital.
23:06So, I think the balance is okay,
23:08but the characteristics must also be taken into account.
23:13Okay, that's it.
23:14It means that it also adjusts to the conditions of the area.
23:18In other words, maybe how the conditions are in each area
23:22can be differently ensured.
23:24So that the economic area can adjust to what is in that area.
23:29Okay, I'm out of time, Mr. Yusuf.
23:31Thank you very much for attending the analysis given by Mr. Eyad.
23:34Thank you for the information and updates given to the audience today.
23:38Good luck with your activities.
23:40Stay healthy and see you again.
23:42Thank you, Mr. Eyad.
23:43Thank you, Mr. Rasmuran.
23:45The audience has been with you for an hour in Market Review
23:48and keep sharing your information
23:50only on IDX Channel, your trustworthy and comprehensive investment reference.
23:54Because of business, the future must be ahead.
23:57I am an investor in stock.
23:59I am Prasetyo Wibowo,
24:00along with all the staff who are in charge of Pamit Undudiri.
24:03Thank you, see you.