MEDI1TV Afrique : LE GRAND JOURNAL MIDI - 30/12/2024
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00:00Hello everyone, glad to see you again for this new information meeting on Mediain TV.
00:23Man of deep conviction, defender of vulnerable people, the world salutes the memory and heritage of the former American president Jimmy Carter, who died yesterday at the age of 100.
00:39Day of mourning also in South Korea to honor the memory of the 179 people killed in the worst air crash in the history of the country.
00:52In Chad, yesterday's triple elections were marked by a participation rate that did not exceed 52%. Details to follow.
01:00The leaders of the world salute the memory and heritage of Jimmy Carter, the former American president, who died yesterday at the age of 100.
01:14Man of principle for Joe Biden, defender of the rights of vulnerable people for Emmanuel Macron.
01:20The challenges to which Jimmy was confronted as president have arisen at a crucial moment for our country.
01:27He did everything in his power to improve the lives of all Americans, wrote Donald Trump.
01:35Other foreign leaders reacted to the death of the 39th president of the United States and Nobel Peace Prize.
01:42The director of the World Health Organization, Tedros Ghebreyesus, saluted the work of the Jimmy Carter Foundation, which, I quote,
01:52has saved countless lives and brought closer to the elimination of many tropical diseases once neglected.
02:04It is also a day of mourning in South Korea, where the flags are in Bern this Monday to honor the memory of the 179 people killed in the crash of a plane that occurred yesterday morning.
02:16The Boeing 737-800 of the South Korean company Jeju Air, from Bangkok, transported 175 passengers and 6 crew members.
02:28All these passengers were killed, according to the final report, with the exception of two miraculous, an air hostess and a seaward.
02:37The country has declared a national mourning of 7 days, while the interim president will be at the scene of the tragedy for a commemoration ceremony.
02:47An investigation is underway to determine the cause of the tragedy and, according to the authorities, the presumed cause is a collision with birds.
02:58And following this air tragedy, South Korea launched today a complete inspection of all Boeing 737-800 aircraft used by air companies in the country.
03:13This morning, another Boeing 737-800 of Jeju Air encountered a problem related to the landing gear, already caused yesterday.
03:23The on-board commander communicated with the ground control and, after taking additional measures, the landing gear began to function normally.
03:33However, it was decided to return to Gimpo airport, in the northwest, shortly after takeoff.
03:39The South Korean air transport sector is considered to be globally reliable by experts and such tragedies are very rare.
03:48In Syria, the election organization could take four years, according to Ahmad Shara, during an interview yesterday with the Saudi Arabian channel.
04:02The new strong man of Syria suggested that it was necessary to rewrite the constitution, a task that could take two or three years.
04:12The new Syrian leader, Ahmad Shara, also called the administration of the future US President Donald Trump,
04:19to lift the sanctions imposed by the United States on Syria under the former regime of Bashar al-Assad.
04:29In France, the new Minister of Justice proposes to isolate in prison the 100 largest drug traffickers,
04:35whose goal is to prevent them from having contacts abroad, in order to continue their criminal activities.
04:41I suggest you listen to Gérald Darmanin.
04:44The objective is a first objective, a symbol to mark strong, to take the hundred,
04:51that's what I asked the prison administration, to identify people who could be linked to the Ministry of the Interior,
04:57who obviously have this information, to be able to show that we are going to stop, in France,
05:02to order the trafficking of its prisoners, or to order the murder of its prisoners,
05:06or to threaten the magistrates, the wardens, the lawyers, the penitentiary officers of its prisons.
05:13Direction Mayotte in prison, the new French Prime Minister, with the ambition to rebuild the devastated archipelago in the space of two years.
05:22François Bayrou promised this morning in Mayotte, where he is on the move, a plan of aid,
05:27with quick answers for the island devastated by the Chido cyclone.
05:31After a day of dialogue, the French government announced tonight a plan called Mayotte standing.
05:38This is what François Bayrou said.
05:41The fate of Mayotte could be the subject of a special bill,
05:44which will be presented at the next Council of Ministers, scheduled for next Friday.
05:53Direction Le Tchad, where some 8 million voters voted yesterday in the provincial and local legislative elections.
06:02Triple elections, marked by a low turnout, which did not exceed 52%,
06:08according to the estimates of the National Election Management Agency.
06:13And while the deployment is still underway,
06:15opposition parties have announced the withdrawal of the electoral process due to fraud, according to them.
06:23The scrutin intervenes in a geopolitical context,
06:27with the withdrawal of the French army after the breakup of the military cooperation agreement,
06:33which goes back to the end of colonization,
06:35but also attacks by the terrorist group Boko Haram in the Le Tchad region.
06:43Number 13, UNDF.
06:46Still in the news of the continent, Guinea,
06:49following the announcement of the report of the end of the transition period,
06:53the living forces are very angry.
06:56Opposition parties and members of civil society have decided not to recognize the military in power
07:02from 31 December.
07:05Details with Idele Sassissé.
07:07It is the execution of the 10 points of the transition schedule
07:11that should lead to a return to the constitutional order in Guinea.
07:15To date, many points remain unfinished.
07:19For the political formation of former Prime Minister Selouda Rengianglo,
07:23the authorities of the transition have lacked the will to give power to civilians.
07:28The transition will not end on December 30 because we did not do what we had to do.
07:31There is no basis yet.
07:33For me, I do not hear anything from the CEDEAO.
07:35We did not ask the CEDEAO to come here,
07:38to accept a so-called two-year dynamic schedule.
07:43As soon as in those two years, they included the Ravec,
07:47I understood that the CEDEAO too, if it has hopes, it is not quality hopes.
07:52Because we can't do a Ravec in two years.
07:54It is not possible.
07:55In any country in the world, we do a Ravec in two years.
07:57For the Alliance for Change and Progress,
08:01the actors involved in the transition in Guinea
08:04must give more time to the leaders for a real refoundation.
08:08The leader of this party refutes the use of street demonstrations
08:12announced by the living forces.
08:14This transition came following a difficult situation for the Guineans.
08:21Let's give time to those who have more power today
08:27to get us out of what we were,
08:30so that Guinea now lives the true era of democracy.
08:37This cannot be done in haste.
08:40How can we talk today about elections
08:43when we don't even have electoral files,
08:46when we don't even have electoral codes?
08:48Even the institution that will preside over the elections,
08:53we don't have a consensus on that yet.
08:56We think that the refoundation is on the right track.
09:02The living forces of Guinea intend to oppose by all legal means
09:06to avoid a shift that, according to them,
09:09will lead to a confiscation of power by the military.
09:12They are also planning a demonstration next January 6
09:16to demand respect for the commitment
09:18taken for a return to the constitutional order.
09:22Still in a continent, Sudan rejects a report
09:25supported by the UN on the spread of famine.
09:29A report that reveals that famine would have spread
09:32in five regions of the country.
09:34According to UN agencies,
09:36more than 630,000 people are facing catastrophic hunger levels
09:41and 8 million people are on the brink of famine.
09:45The Commissioner of the Government for Humanitarian Aid,
09:48Salwa Adam-Benia, has described, I quote,
09:51as pure inventions these rumors of famine in Sudan.
09:54According to her, some humanitarian aid agencies
09:57use food as a pretext to advance their own objectives.
10:07In Morocco, as the new year approaches,
10:09some markets are preparing to welcome many customers.
10:13The flower, chocolate and pastry shops
10:16know a real rush.
10:18These end-of-year celebrations are an opportunity
10:20to exchange gifts and share moments of joy
10:23with family or friends.
10:25This is a report by Eyup Draza and Drespeyod.
10:29In Rabat, the last days of December
10:32mark a special effervescence.
10:34Residents and visitors flock to the markets and shops
10:37to prepare and welcome the new year.
10:39Flowers occupy a central place in the celebrations of the end of the year
10:43and florists are in full activity
10:45to respond to a growing demand.
10:50Flowers are in high demand for this period.
10:55Customers want elegant compositions,
10:57often to offer to their loved ones or decorate their table.
11:03It is a very special period.
11:06Flowers are in high demand during the holidays.
11:10We have designed special gifts for the holidays.
11:17People like to offer flowers to their loved ones.
11:20They bring joy and amaze the houses.
11:22It is a gift that always pleases.
11:27Chocolate shops also know a peak of activity.
11:30Chocolate, a symbol of pleasure and sharing,
11:33is one of the favorite gifts for this period.
11:37I really like flowers because it allows to decorate the house.
11:41We can also offer to friends if we are invited.
11:44Here there are beautiful flowers and beautiful bouquets.
11:47There are even dried flowers, which allows to stay all year.
11:51It's just here a place full of poetry.
11:58The new year is synonymous with sharing and joy.
12:01I like to celebrate it as a family.
12:04I love to buy gifts for the new year.
12:07I like to offer gifts to my mother who gave me everything.
12:14Offering a gift in this period is a precious gesture.
12:19I wish a happy new year to all Moroccans.
12:24In parallel with the shops, the atmosphere in the streets is festive and joyful.
12:28The lights and animations create an enchanting setting
12:31that delights the inhabitants and visitors of the capital.
12:40And right away, our guest of the day.
12:43At the end of the year, we invite you to come back to a construction site,
12:47especially in Morocco, where there is a sector of activity
12:50on these achievements and the challenges that remain to be met.
12:53Today we are interested in a construction site
12:57that has been subjected to several reforms, several strategies,
13:00without being able to keep all the promises of successive governments.
13:04The labor market.
13:06The Moroccan economy is still struggling to create jobs
13:09to absorb assets, especially the youngest of them.
13:12The question of the quality of employment also arises.
13:15And to talk about it, we have the pleasure of having with us
13:19the economist Mohamed Djidri.
13:22Mr. Mohamed Djidri, hello.
13:26Hello, thank you for the invitation.
13:29Thank you for accepting it.
13:32First of all, to begin with, can you give us an overview
13:35of the labor market today in Morocco and its trends?
13:42As we know very well, the Moroccan economy has suffered a lot in recent years
13:48because, on the one hand, we have achieved a very average growth rate
13:52of 2 to 3%, which is not able to absorb the number of young unemployed
13:59who come to the labor market every year.
14:02We know very well that at each point of growth,
14:05only 16,000 jobs are created.
14:08And the second element, which is also essential,
14:11is that the Moroccan economy has suffered a lot in recent years
14:16after the COVID-19 health crisis.
14:19And then there was the inflationary wave,
14:22which increased the cost of income for a lot of Moroccan companies.
14:26And there is also the negative impact on the purchasing power of the Moroccans.
14:31So there is a lot of merchandise, a lot of services
14:33that are not found on the national market
14:37because people do not have the financial capacity to buy these things.
14:42But we must distinguish between two essential elements.
14:46Today, the non-agricultural added value is quite good
14:51because there are a lot of jobs that create wealth,
14:54that create added value and that also create jobs.
14:57We are talking about the automotive sector,
15:00aeronautics, craftsmanship, tourism, services.
15:04There are a lot of jobs that we manage to create every year.
15:09But when we talk about added agricultural value,
15:13for example, last year we lost about 297,000 jobs
15:18because there is no water.
15:20There is stress at the national level.
15:23So the agricultural sector has suffered a lot.
15:25We hope that this year, on the financial side,
15:28there will be an increase of 4.7%,
15:31but it is still linked to the generosity of the sky.
15:34So if there is rain, we will achieve an average growth.
15:38But if there is no rain, we will still suffer in 2025.
15:44But in general, today, there are about 300,000 to 400,000 young Moroccans
15:50who are coming to the job market,
15:52but we are not able to create enough jobs
15:56to absorb this wave that comes every year.
16:00Mohamed, you talked about growth,
16:05which is intrinsically linked to the creation of jobs.
16:10You also mentioned the agricultural sector,
16:13which is struggling or even losing jobs in recent years,
16:16especially this year 2024, because of drought,
16:19which itself is becoming chronic today.
16:21So can we affirm today that unemployment in Morocco
16:25is a structural problem of the Moroccan economy?
16:30Of course, of course.
16:33Today, we need to know that an essential element
16:37is that we will cohabit with a fairly high unemployment rate
16:42at least in 2025, 2026 and 2027.
16:46Why? Because beyond 2027,
16:49we will solve the water issue once and for all.
16:53So the agricultural sector will not be impacted by drought.
16:57Why? Because the strategic plan for drinking and irrigation water
17:02will reach its objectives in 2027,
17:05whether it is in relation to the water highway,
17:08which involves the link between the ponds and the hydraulics,
17:11whether it is for the construction and to continue to build
17:15water distribution stations,
17:17and also in relation to the used drinking water stations,
17:25and also we will continue to build small and medium dams.
17:30But this strategy will not yield results before 2026-2027.
17:38So once again, in 2025, we are talking about a growth rate of 4.7%,
17:44but it is linked to an agricultural season at least on average
17:48with 70 million serial clients.
17:52We see today that there is stress,
17:54that there is not enough rain in November and December
17:58and we hope that there will be rain in the weeks and months to come
18:01to save the agricultural sector.
18:04Meanwhile, I think that in general,
18:08the 4.7% rate is a bit difficult to reach in 2025,
18:16but it is a transition in which we will cohabit
18:19at least during the last three years.
18:22Subsequently, when we solve the issue of water
18:25and a little bit the issue of energy,
18:27we will go towards a growth rate of 5, 6, 7%,
18:31capable of creating a lot of jobs for Moroccans.
18:35And we also see that there are other sectors
18:37that will create wealth,
18:39namely tourism, which today is breaking records year after year.
18:45There is also craftsmanship.
18:47There is the aeronautics sector, which is quite a significant figure.
18:50And without forgetting our national champion,
18:53it is the automotive sector,
18:55because we will reach 2 million views by 2030.
19:03Mohamed Djidri, allow me to note that you are rather optimistic
19:07in terms of managing the water stress of the crisis
19:10that Morocco is experiencing today in the medium term,
19:15in 2-3 years, we hope.
19:17In any case, to fight unemployment,
19:19the government announced a few days ago
19:21a government plan with a budget envelope of some 14 billion dirhams.
19:27The Minister of Employment, Younes Khoury,
19:30spoke in detail about the role of the ANAPEC,
19:33training programs in alternation
19:35or the professional inclusion of young unemployed people within the SMEs.
19:40Is the answer that must be brought today
19:43a structural and exhaustive problem?
19:48To answer this question,
19:50it must be said that today the Arnouge government
19:54considers the issue of employment among its priorities.
19:58They even say that it is the first priority
20:01in the second mandate by September 2026.
20:06It is true that there are a lot of problems.
20:09I think that today, in the 2025 financial law,
20:12there is a budget envelope of 14 billion dirhams
20:16that will be affected as follows.
20:20First, we have a big problem through ANAPEC
20:24and especially the ANAPEC contract,
20:26which is called the ANAPEC contract,
20:28but it is an insertion contract.
20:30In the past, there was a condition
20:32that did not allow a lot of young Moroccans to benefit
20:36because until the end of 2024,
20:39the companies that work in automobiles,
20:42handicrafts, textile, tourism, handicrafts and others
20:46cannot benefit from an insertion contract or an ANAPEC contract
20:51if the young beneficiary does not have a diploma.
20:54Today, we have removed this condition
20:57and any young Moroccan,
20:59regardless of his academic background,
21:02with or without a diploma,
21:04will be able to benefit from an ANAPEC contract.
21:07I think it is a radical change in terms of professional insertion
21:10because there are a lot of companies
21:12that want to train young Moroccans,
21:15but there was this condition of having a diploma.
21:18So there is already an envelope of 1 billion dirhams
21:21to cover the costs allocated to this condition.
21:25The second element that is also essential
21:28is that we must keep the workforce in the agricultural sector
21:32and especially in the rural sector.
21:34So there will also be an additional 1 billion dirhams
21:37so that the people who work in the farms
21:40demand the workforce.
21:42So there will also be subsidies up to 1 billion dirhams.
21:45But there is also a fairly essential sector
21:48for the Moroccan economy,
21:50the TPEs.
21:51These are very small companies
21:53and small Moroccan companies
21:55that cannot access bank financing,
21:58that cannot access public order,
22:01that cannot access a lot of problems
22:04and that cannot have the treasury of the financing fund.
22:07So there will be, through the investment charter,
22:10an envelope of 12 billion dirhams
22:13that will be allocated specifically
22:15to small Moroccan companies,
22:17whether they are in the Ait Sefilet region,
22:19or in the Oriental region,
22:21or in the region of Casablanca,
22:23through the investment charter.
22:25And we know very well that in Morocco,
22:27these are the very small companies
22:29that give added value and also create jobs.
22:31So this budgetary envelope allocated
22:34in the 2025 Finance Act,
22:36up to 14 billion dirhams,
22:38I think it will help,
22:40but it does not prevent
22:42that in Morocco,
22:44to achieve the objectives of the TPEs
22:47and also to achieve our growth
22:49from 5, 6, 7,
22:51even from 2 to 2 figures,
22:53I think we need to work
22:55to solve some major problems
22:58of the Moroccan economy,
23:00namely the issue of water,
23:02which has become a crucial issue
23:04and a priority for the Moroccans,
23:06whether it is for drinking water
23:08or for irrigation.
23:10We also need to solve the issue of energy
23:12by investing in renewable energies.
23:16There is the issue of income,
23:18the issue of corruption,
23:20the issue of the climate of business.
23:22And of course,
23:24we also need to solve a lot of legal and legislative issues
23:26through the Labor Code,
23:28through a reform
23:30in pensions,
23:32and also today,
23:34we see that we will have
23:36a law on the strike.
23:38These are the elements that will promote
23:40investments,
23:42especially foreign investments.
23:44But I think that
23:46by 2030,
23:48we will achieve
23:50another growth of 7, 8, 9%,
23:52because there is also
23:54the Organization of the World Cup
23:56and international events
23:58that will help the Moroccan economy
24:00to take a breath
24:02and to move
24:04at a higher rate of growth
24:06so that it becomes
24:08an emerging economy
24:10as we wish for all Moroccans.
24:14Mohamed, I would like to go back
24:16to the first point of this plan
24:18that you mentioned,
24:20the role of ANAPEC.
24:22What do you think of this condition
24:24of diplomas that has been abolished?
24:26Which is a good thing
24:28for the first-time
24:30job seekers.
24:32But the question
24:34is today,
24:36what are the achievements,
24:38in your opinion, of ANAPEC,
24:40knowing that one of the major challenges
24:42of the labor market today
24:44is that of the quality of jobs,
24:46knowing that there is still the underemployment
24:48and the informal,
24:51No, of course, of course,
24:53we must not deny that ANAPEC
24:55plays an essential role,
24:57especially through training
24:59and through the insertion contracts,
25:01because these are contracts
25:03that give a lot of advantages
25:05for companies,
25:07especially small-scale companies.
25:09Today, through the insertion contract,
25:11the employer will not pay
25:13social insurance,
25:15he will not pay taxes on income,
25:17and he will also have a flexibility
25:19to fire, in case of need,
25:21the intern
25:23who is in front of him.
25:25But there was a condition of diploma.
25:27Today, we see that through
25:29the abolition of this condition
25:31of diploma,
25:33Moroccan companies,
25:35or even foreigners,
25:37they will continue to benefit
25:39because we, young Moroccans,
25:41they will not pay for them
25:43neither mandatory social insurance,
25:45it is a Moroccan who pays in their place,
25:47they will not pay taxes on income
25:49because it will be a loss
25:51for the Moroccan state,
25:53but also they will have flexibility
25:55because beyond 12 months
25:57to 24 months,
25:59they can recruit the young
26:01definitively through a CDI
26:03and they will benefit
26:05once again
26:07by not paying taxes on income
26:09for an additional 12 months
26:11up to 10,000 dirhams of salary.
26:13I think that today
26:15there are a lot of companies
26:17and especially foreign investors
26:19especially in the automobile industry
26:21who come to cities like
26:23Tangier, Meknes,
26:25Bourguindel, Kenetra and Casablanca
26:27who want to recruit young people
26:29through their geographic area
26:31but we do not find them
26:33because the young people
26:35of this locality do not have a diploma.
26:37Today, through
26:39this condition
26:41of diploma, I think it will
26:43help a lot
26:45and it has been the most
26:47loaned in the region
26:49and among the points
26:51asked by a lot of companies
26:53especially the multinationals
26:55who work here in Morocco.
26:57I think that the work of ANAPEC
26:59is an essential work
27:01because it is a work of proximity
27:03that plays the role of front office
27:05with the job seekers
27:07but it does not prevent
27:09that we should give the necessary means
27:11financial means
27:13so that they work
27:15and that they give quite substantial
27:17results in the coming years.
27:19Mohamed Zidri,
27:21there are so many points that we would have liked
27:23to address, especially the case of NIT
27:25of young people, one in four
27:27who are unemployed, without education, without training
27:29but we are caught up by time.
27:31I remind you that you are an economist.
27:33Thank you for answering the question today.
27:41And we come to the end
27:43of this section of information.
27:45Thank you for your attention.