(Adnkronos) - Con l’avanzamento della ricerca, documentato da un crescente numero di pubblicazioni scientifiche che di lei si sono occupate, la curcuma è diventata uno dei principi attivi di origine vegetale più studiati in forza dei suoi potenziali benefici sulla salute dell’uomo. Di questi tubero di origine asiatica che le antiche popolazioni indiane consideravano "oro delle spezie" “, tratta l’odierna puntata de Il Gusto della Salute, il format online condotto dall'immunologo Mauro Minelli, docente di nutrizione umana e nutraceutica alla Lum. "La specie più nota, Curcuma longa, cresce rigogliosa in tutto l’Oriente. La sua radice, di un vivace colore giallo-arancione, è da secoli il cuore della cucina indiana ed è anche uno dei principali coloranti naturali usati per tingere tessuti. Oggi la curcuma è diventata complemento tutt’altro che inusuale anche delle tavole occidentali, soprattutto come ingrediente di molte ricette vegane e vegetariane. È un componente chiave del curry. È usata per preparare il 'golden milk', una bevanda calda a base di latte, pepe nero e curcuma, nota per le sue proprietà antinfiammatorie. Può servire a replicare il colore del tuorlo d'uovo, ad esempio, nelle frittate di tofu", spiega Minelli. La curcuma è reperibile in commercio in diversi formati e in molteplici preparazioni atte a soddisfare una ricca varietà di usi culinari, medicinali e cosmetici. "In tutte le sue forme, la curcuma è in grado di fornire al consumatore le proprietà antinfiammatorie, antiossidanti, antilipidemiche del suo principio attivo, la curcumina, composto polifenolico capace, tra l’altro, di modulare l’espressione di diverse patologie tramite meccanismi di regolazione epigenetica. A proposito degli effetti antinfiammatori di tale sostanza- avverte Minelli - va menzionata la sua capacità, descritta in un cospicuo numero di lavori scientifici, di ridurre il dolore in persone che, affette per esempio da artrosi, grazie alla contestuale somministrazione di curcuma riducono la quantità di antinfiammatori assunti. Tale soluzione, oltre a limitare gli effetti collaterali di terapie analgesiche di lungo corso, potrebbe consentire, ove applicata con corretta tempestività, un’impostazione della cura finalizzata a prevenire e a stabilizzare il processo infiammatorio impedendone o comunque rallentandone l’evoluzione cronica". "Tra l’altro, una serie di studi che sull’argomento sono stati condotti sembrano evidenziare le efficaci potenzialità della curcumina nel contrastare l’inflammaging, ovvero quel processo infiammatorio di basso grado e, proprio per questo, subdolo e nocivo, che sottende all’invecchiamento e alle sue manifestazioni più invalidanti, come la perdita di massa ossea e muscolare e il declino cognitivo. Un’ulteriore applicazione della curcuma - osserva - è sul rischio di malattie cardiovascolari. I risultati emersi negli studi sulla modulazione del metabolismo di zuccheri e grassi portano a ritenere che l’assunzione di curcumina contribuisca al controllo del rischio cardiovascolare, tanto più in soggetti coronaropatici". "Povera di calorie, ma ricca di vitamine e sali minerali, la curcuma è generalmente sicura se consumata in quantità moderate che non dovrebbero superare i 3 grammi al giorno (circa un cucchiaino). Tra l’altro, al fine di aumentarne la biodisponibilità, sarebbe sempre il caso di assumerla associandola all'olio d'oliva o, eventualmente, al pepe. Tali combinazioni migliorano i benefici per la salute e rendono più efficace l'uso della curcuma nella dieta quotidiana", conclude l'immunologo.
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00:00A growing number of studies and publications have certainly contributed to highlight on the scientific level
00:08the spice of which today we will deal, due to its multiple nutritional and health properties.
00:15Also for this reason, it could not be missing in the now rich assortment of the taste of health,
00:22an episode dedicated to turmeric, this tuber of Asian origin, belonging to the botanical family of the Zingiberaceae,
00:31believed by ancient Indian populations to be the gold of spices.
00:52Turmeric is the most important active ingredient of turmeric.
01:07It is a polyphenolic substance capable of regulating, in some way, the action of a whole series of substances and molecules
01:16that intervene in inflammatory processes.
01:19For this reason, important anti-inflammatory properties are attributed to turmeric,
01:26in addition to a powerful antioxidant action capable of protecting the cells from the harmful action of the famous free radicals.
01:37Among other things, there is to say that a series of scientific studies, also quite recent,
01:43seem to have somehow highlighted the possible beneficial action that turmeric would also exercise on the so-called process of inflammation,
01:56that is, that long-lasting and low-tenure inflammatory process, which in some way is responsible for that cognitive decline that is typical of aging.
02:18The origins of turmeric are traced back to South Asia.
02:22The first writings that speak to us of this plant date back to about 2,500 years ago,
02:29but to this day turmeric is regularly grown in India, Thailand, Indonesia and Sri Lanka.
02:38Known to have always been used in cuisine and medicine, turmeric is also linked to some ritual areas,
02:47especially in India, in Hindu celebrations.
02:50And then, to this day, this plant has gained a space of prominence.
02:56In fact, we must imagine that many also choose it as the basis for the preparation of pizzas or doughs,
03:06and it has also become an elegant way of diversifying what once was more simply the tradition.
03:21The nutritional values of turmeric vary depending on whether we consider the fresh root or the dried powder.
03:28The fresh root certainly has a very intense flavor, and to fully preserve all the nutritional values it is appropriate to use it raw,
03:38or if ever at the end of the cooking of the pasta that must be flavored.
03:43Instead, the dried powder is a concentrate of nutrients.
03:47Taking into account 100 grams of dry powder, we note that they provide about 354 kilocalories,
03:53of which 65 grams of carbohydrates, 10 grams of fats, 8 grams of proteins and a lot of fiber, about 21 grams per 100 grams.
04:03In addition, turmeric, as a powder, is very rich in mineral salts such as iron, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium,
04:13manganese, but also copper and zinc.
04:16But how to best use turmeric?
04:18Turmeric, therefore its active principle, is not bioavailable.
04:22To make turmeric bioavailable, it is necessary to use strategies such as oil.
04:28Oil is a vector because turmeric, being very lipophilic, therefore very soluble in fats,
04:35is able, thanks to oil, to better penetrate our cells.
04:39In addition, another substance can be the pepper.
04:42So adding pepper to a dish flavored with turmeric makes the turmeric itself much more effective.
04:49Turmeric in Italy has been recognized as a food integrator and as such it has been immersed in trade.
05:04In order to make this substance more bioavailable,
05:07turmeric is generally associated with the phytosome, a molecule that is able to facilitate the intestinal absorption of turmeric.
05:17More than 30 studies conducted on about 2,000 people
05:22have highlighted the great benefits of turmeric associated with the phytosome in different fields of the medical field.
05:35In the elderly, appropriate lifestyles associated with the integration of turmeric in the diet
05:41could slow down the pathological processes that lead to the loss of muscle mass,
05:47i.e. sarcopenia, or even loss of bone mass, i.e. osteopenia or osteoporosis.
05:57In the eye field, an appropriate integration of turmeric in the diet
06:02could improve the visual function and reduce or slow down the damage to the sight caused by diabetes.
06:12Turmeric seems to improve insulin sensitivity
06:17and in this sense it can contribute to reducing the hematopoietic levels of glucose,
06:22resulting in a particularly useful and appropriate effect in diabetics.
06:30In the cardiovascular field, the addition of turmeric to conventional therapy
06:37could further facilitate the lowering of cholesterol levels in the blood,
06:42exercising a protective action on the cardiovascular system.
06:51In the dermatological field, turmeric seems to improve the clinical course of psoriasis vulgaris.
07:02According to a study published in the British Medical Journal,
07:06a treatment with turmeric in doses of 250 mg twice a day
07:13would have a therapeutic effect in some way superimposable to that of the so-called gastric protectors,
07:20therefore a favorable action in controlling pathologies
07:25related to excessive gastric acidity or digestive disorders.
07:30A whole series of scientific studies would show that turmeric
07:35would have important immunovolatile and antibacterial properties
07:40compared to a wide variety of pathogenic bacteria.
07:47Arthrosis is a progressively evolving inflammatory pathology,
07:53which affects especially elderly people
07:56and the predominant and invalidating symptom is represented by the pain
08:00so much that it forces these people to continuously take anti-inflammatory drugs
08:06with their consequent side effects.
08:09A recent meta-analysis has documented a reduction in pain in people who take turmeric
08:18to the point of allowing such patients to reduce the intake of anti-inflammatories.
08:25So turmeric could be used as a therapeutic and preventive presidium against arthrosis.
08:35Among the contraindications of turmeric, it should be remembered that high doses of this substance
08:41can cause irritation of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal system
08:47and therefore sometimes diarrhea, sometimes nausea, sometimes stomach burns
08:52or any other digestive disorders.
08:54It should also be said that turmeric, being able to stimulate bile production,
09:00is contraindicated in people who should suffer from cholecystitis.
09:09It should also be remembered that turmeric can interfere with the action of some drugs,
09:15in particular it can interfere with the action of anticoagulants,
09:19for example sodium bicarbonate or aspirin, increasing the risk of bleeding.
09:24It can interfere with the drugs for diabetes,
09:27excessively lowering the levels of sugar in the blood
09:31and it can still interfere with the action of antacids or gastric protectors, altering its effectiveness.
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