MEDI1TV Afrique : MEDI1 MORNING - 24/10/2024
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00:00Hello everyone, I am pleased to meet you for this new information meeting on Mediain TV.
00:22In one of these newspapers, the ministerial relocation in Morocco, His Majesty the King Mohammed VI received yesterday the head of the government, Aziz Arnouch, and the members of his new team. Details to follow.
00:37Israel intensifies bombings on Lebanon. A dozen strikes destroyed yesterday buildings in the southern suburbs of Beirut.
00:48In Turkey, after the attack that killed five people and injured near Ankara, the Turkish authorities designated the PKK and hit targets of the Kurdish party in northern Iraq and Syria.
01:03And we start this newspaper in Morocco with the new government team following the ministerial relocation that took place yesterday.
01:17His Majesty the King Mohammed VI received yesterday the head of the government, Aziz Arnouch, and the members of his new team.
01:27On the 24 ministerial portfolios, eight new ministers have joined the government team of the strategic ministerial departments, such as education, health, higher education, agriculture and investment.
01:57What do you think of this new governmental composition and the timing of this relocation?
02:08The answer is with Abdelatef Komat. He is the dean of the Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences at the University of Hassan II in Casablanca.
02:16In fact, this new government reflects precisely the re-dynamization that Morocco would like to give to a number of sectors, especially strategic sectors, which today have priority at the level of royal orientations,
02:36but also at the level of the governmental program, namely agriculture, health, education, higher education, investment. These are, as I said, strategic portfolios that are at the heart of the new development model and royal orientations that have seen a change.
02:59The second thing, of course, is the integration of state secretaries. You know that already at the level of the first government, it was planned that there would be state secretaries.
03:13Finally, it is today that they have seen the light of day. And of course, it is about giving support, especially to ministers who have important portfolios and who need to strengthen their teams with state secretaries who will also have a central role to play in the dynamic that we know of the sectors that are endowed with state secretaries to boost government action.
03:41We know that this is a crucial period. We are practically less than two years from the end of the current world. We are also, I would say, in the last two years of the completion of a number of strategic objectives for our country.
03:57You know that there is the social state, the social state project initiated by His Majesty, which envisages the two major stages that remain for 2025-2026, but also there are objectives in terms of employment, in terms of investment, in terms of the completion of a certain number of laws, which are structuring laws and structured at the level of the parliament that had to be treated.
04:21So, of course, it is a very sensitive stage. And today, I believe that the momentum is given for a new breath, especially to finish these two years and reach the objectives of the 2021-2026 mandate, which, we must remember, is part of more medium- and long-term objectives, more strategic.
04:45And here I am referring to new development models. I am referring to various strategic plans that are set, in particular, for the 2030 horizon. So, we are in a crucial period where Morocco achieves a certain number of successes on the diplomatic level, on the political level, and which are, of course, supported by economic and social results.
05:08The sovereign also received yesterday at the Royal Palace of Rabat the new Wali and governors appointed at the level of the territorial and central administration. During this hearing, the appointed governors gave a speech in front of the sovereign. It was in the presence, in particular, of the Minister of the Interior, Adloa Filftis.
05:38We stay at the Royal Palace of Rabat, where the sovereign also received the new members appointed to the Higher Council of Audiovisual Communication. These are Yassine Horbal, Mohamed Larossi, Abdel Latif Adil and Adil bin Hamza.
06:03This hearing took place in the presence of Latifa Akherbash, President of the High Authority of the Higher Council of Audiovisual Communication.
06:11Place à l'actualité internationale Israël intensifie les bombardements sur le Liban. Une dizaine de frappes ont détruit hier plusieurs immeubles dans la banlieue sud de Beirut. Selon l'agence libanaise, il s'agit des bombardements les plus importants dans ce secteur depuis le début de la guerre entre Hezbollah et Israël.
06:40Plus tôt dans la journée, Israël avait bombardé tiers dans le sud du Liban. Plusieurs rues de cette ville côtière, anciennes cités phéniciennes et romaines, aux riches patrimoines archéologiques, ont été dévastées. Et en parallèle, l'armée israélienne poursuit ses opérations au sol dans le sud du Liban.
06:57En Turquie, après l'attentat qui a fait 5 morts et 22 blessés près d'Ankara, les autorités turques désignent le PKK comme, je cite, probable responsable de l'attentat contre le siège des industries de défense de Turquie.
07:15Le ministère turc de la défense a annoncé avoir frappé une trentaine de cibles du PKK et de ses alliés dans le nord de l'Irak et en Syrie. Ankara a cité ses droits d'auto-défense découlant de la charte des Nations Unies pour expliquer cette opération.
07:31Une opération aérienne qui a été menée contre, je le disais, des cibles dans le nord de l'Irak et de la Syrie. La Maison Blanche, le chef de la diplomatie européenne Joseph Borrell et plusieurs pays occidentaux ont également exprimé leurs condoléances et leur soutien.
07:50Et place à présent un tour d'horizon de la présidentielle aux Etats-Unis.
08:01La campagne présidentielle bat son plein. À quelques jours de la présidentielle, Kamala Harris et Donald Trump arpentent les états-clés. Kamala Harris, son tour aujourd'hui de Barack Obama en Géorgie pour son retour dans cet état-clé du sud-est des Etats-Unis.
08:21Et face à la vice-présidente démocrate, Donald Trump, qu'elle a publiquement qualifié hier de fasciste, se rend dans le sud-ouest en Arizona. Un autre état qui sera décisif pour tenter de rassembler le plus grand nombre de grands électeurs. Les deux candidats concentrent leurs efforts sur les 7 swing states dans lesquels aucun des deux n'a encore réussi à creuser l'écart.
08:52We're not going back, we're not going back, we're not going back.
08:58Direction la Tunisie, le ministère du commerce a augmenté le prix du café de plus de 70%. Une hausse loin de faire l'unanimité.
09:19Les propriétaires de restaurants et consommateurs sont plaignes. On écoute ce reportage de Najwa Bechat.
09:49C'est de la folie. L'augmentation pourrait être de 50 millimes, voire 100 millimes, mais ici on parle d'une augmentation de plus de 500 millimes. Je parle de café populaire, pas de café de luxe. Comme vous le savez, le café est un élément essentiel du quotidien. Un Tunisien peut consommer entre 3 et 4 tasses de café par jour pour oublier les pressions de la vie quotidienne.
10:14Mais il faut reconnaître que la hausse des prix a épuisé les Tunisiens.
10:19J'ai acheté ce kilo de café pour 42 dinars. Les prix du café ont considérablement augmenté depuis l'entrée en vigueur du nouveau prix. Les clients se sont raréfiés. Avec cette augmentation, on ne parle plus de café populaire.
10:38Le café est devenu cher. Vous voyez, même le café a changé d'aspect. C'est comme si vous pressiez de l'eau.
10:47Le ministère du commerce, qui détient le monopole de l'importation du café, a décidé ces derniers jours d'augmenter le prix du café. Pour les professionnels, fixons le prix à 34,5 dinars le kilo pour le café pur et à 20 dinars pour le café mélangé, soit une augmentation entre 70 et 80%.
11:09La récente augmentation reflète la hausse des prix du café dans le monde. En Tunisie, les importations de café sont monopolisées par l'Office du commerce, un établissement public confronté à d'importantes difficultés financières.
11:28Il existe donc une tendance juridique à autoriser le secteur privé à importer du café et du thé, sans être soumis à l'impôt. Cela se fait bien entendu sous la supervision de l'Office tunisien du commerce, qui assumera le rôle de contrôleur.
11:47Indeed, Tunisians have recently seen an increase in the prices of many products without any warning, which raises many questions about the solutions that can be found to preserve the purchasing power of Tunisians, which is constantly degrading, and about the urgent decisions that must be taken to get out of this situation and stop this hemorrhage.
12:12Many questions arise, as the living conditions are becoming increasingly uncomfortable, even for the civil servants. What to say to the journalists?
12:24We stay in the continent. Abidjan Border Forum is a meeting led by the African Union and the National Commission on the Borders of the Ivory Coast, which aims to explore sustainable development in the border regions, giving priority to environmental concerns in the management, especially of the borders, and in terms of shared natural resources.
12:50The second edition of this international forum opened in Abidjan. Details with Max Sauby and Ferdinand Coacu.
12:57Faced with border issues, it has become imperative for African countries to mutualize their resources and their actions in the light of a good securitization and sustainable development of their border areas.
13:10Frontal actors from several countries are here at the Abidjan Exhibitions Park at this Pan-African meeting to reflect together on innovative solutions, transforming Abidjan, the pearl of the lagoons, into the capital of African borders for three days.
13:25We are at the second edition of Abidjan Border Forum, a Pan-African platform that offers opportunities for exchange and interaction between state, non-state, national and international border actors.
13:38It will be a matter of reflecting and finding solutions to the environmental crises that threaten the stability of the trans-border areas in Africa.
13:50This is why I strongly hope that the reflections and debates during this forum can better highlight the answers to the challenges and current issues around the preservation of the environment.
14:11It is therefore obvious that better governance and harmonious socio-economic development of the border areas constitutes an essential step to face the fragility of the border areas, especially concerning the terrorist threat and an important lever of their development and that of our states.
14:36The 2024 edition of Abidjan Border Forum is furnished with panels, conferences, high-level roundtables, B2B meetings, networking and cultural activities.
14:47The African Union, through its so-called Border Programme of the African Union, will develop its vision on border governance on the continent.
14:56We now welcome our guest of the morning, the annual meeting of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, which began last Monday in Washington.
15:08This annual meeting is an opportunity for the leaders of the two institutions to go around the news that concerns the economic world.
15:17And to talk about it this morning with us, Hicham Sadour, Professor of Economics and Finance at the University of Rabat, Mohamed V.
15:27Hicham Sadour, hello.
15:29Yes, hello Madam.
15:31Thank you for answering in person.
15:33So, this annual meeting is taking place this year, in a year marked by wars, famine, inflation, the impact of global warming, in particular.
15:45What are, in your opinion, the main challenges of the global economy today that should possibly be addressed during this meeting?
15:54Yes, hello Madam, for your invitation.
15:58In fact, the annual meetings of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund meet annually in Washington and exceptionally once every three years in a foreign country,
16:09in order to mark a little bit the international character of these two institutions, which was the case of Marrakech last year.
16:15In fact, the objective is to try to discuss all the issues that affect the global economy.
16:21Of course, there are a lot of challenges that are imposed this year.
16:26The two major themes of discussion during this meeting this year are focused on two main areas.
16:36Firstly, it is agriculture.
16:39It is trying to use agriculture as a lever of development, taking into account the problems of climate change.
16:45And the second very important element is demographic change, which is emanating, especially in the countries of the South, in our countries,
16:53a worrying unemployment rate that risks destabilizing what is called economic stability and global stability.
17:02Especially for these two institutions, they estimate that in a decade, in about a year,
17:07there will be 1.2 young people who will arrive in the job market and for whom there is not enough job creation.
17:15There is not enough economic activity to generate employment.
17:19So, this year's meeting has two main areas of discussion to try to resolve the major global issues arising from the global situation,
17:29which are the fight against poverty in an implicit way through agriculture and through the inclusion of young people.
17:35And the second axis is women, women as an important lever for inclusion.
17:41And this is something that affects us mainly in Morocco, when we know that the rate of activity of the Moroccan woman is 20%.
17:49This means that we are trying to see this inclusion, job creation, wealth creation in the world through the inclusion of the girl,
17:56to better educate herself and above all to perpetuate her education at the level of nutrition as well as at the level of employment.
18:06So, precisely these two priorities that you mentioned, employment and agriculture,
18:12the president of the World Bank had already defined them as priorities before the start of this meeting.
18:19For Ajay Banga, two priorities would be that young people from developing countries have work and food,
18:26in other words, you said it earlier, agriculture and employment.
18:28So, precisely at the level of our African continent today,
18:33where are we at the level of job creation, knowing that there are millions,
18:38even hundreds of millions of young people who arrive every year in the labor market?
18:43In fact, if we take more specifically the African continent,
18:48it is a continent that has the most challenges to face in the future.
18:53It is a continent where there are about a billion people.
18:58The number of young people is very important,
19:00but this is where there are a lot of opportunities to create if we manage to use this immaterial capital, this youth.
19:09The second major challenge at the level of the African continent is that we actually have the highest poverty rate in the world.
19:16Certainly, the same element at the level of women's inclusion,
19:23it is the continent where there is the lowest rate of activity of women in the world.
19:28So, we live in a continent that has a lot of potential,
19:34a lot of raw materials, whether physical or immaterial,
19:38but unfortunately we cannot exploit all these elements to try to create wealth.
19:43The big challenge, according to these two institutions today,
19:49is precisely this African continent where we have about, by 2030, 2040,
19:54we will end up with 400, 500 million young people who arrive in the labor market without having a formal job.
20:01And so, at the level of economic and monetary stability,
20:06either it will create, according to these two institutions,
20:09rebellions and problems in political terms within certain countries in this continent,
20:15or it will push these young people towards immigration.
20:17And so, whether it is in the first scenario or the second scenario,
20:20and this is what these two institutions are trying to avoid through these meetings,
20:23is to ensure a certain economic stability and financial stability in the world.
20:27These two elements are not good levers to try to project themselves into the future.
20:34So, to try to answer concretely to your question,
20:37yes, the African continent has, of course, opportunities and resources that are important,
20:47but unfortunately they lag behind other regions of the world,
20:51at the level of the inclusion of young people, at the level of education,
20:54at the level of the fight against poverty, at the level of inclusion.
20:56And what is still likely to create a gap is that we have technological and economic revolutions
21:06that are taking place, and the gap between this continent, this region of the world,
21:09and the other regions is deepening.
21:13And here I am essentially thinking of digitalization problems,
21:17the problems of artificial intelligence.
21:19There is a revolution that is gradually taking place at the level of the transformation of the world,
21:24and once again, as for the three other revolutions,
21:29the computer revolution, the revolution at the level of electrification and industrial,
21:35it is very likely that we will still miss this turnaround in terms of transformation of societies,
21:43of economic transformation.
21:45Mr. Hicham Sador, and if we combine the two,
21:48have economies that create employment and invest in the agricultural sector,
21:52is it that today, precisely, the agricultural sector and agriculture
21:57are employers of high added value jobs, in particular?
22:02And we are also talking about food security, which is a challenge today in the world,
22:06not only in the continent.
22:08Yes, agriculture, not agriculture, but food agriculture.
22:14That means trying to create agricultural products
22:19and trying to give them more added value.
22:20It is an element that is fundamental to try to integrate into the global value chain.
22:26It is a growth engine that is very important.
22:29But the challenge is still that we need to add another element to it,
22:32which is durability.
22:34When I say durability, it means taking into account the effects of climate change.
22:37We know very well that in the African continent,
22:39it is the continent that will suffer the most from the effects of climate change,
22:44with the increase in temperature and the lack of rain.
22:47So we have to try to rethink the agricultural system
22:50and maybe try to specialise in other products.
22:54This requires support at the state level to try to encourage certain types of cultures
22:59and try to convince people to give up these other elements
23:03to try to specialise in other products.
23:05So, yes, food agriculture would necessarily be the first step,
23:10the first level to try to attach to this train of globalisation
23:17and value chains.
23:18This will allow us to create employment,
23:20but it is not sustainable employment,
23:22because we know very well in the history of societies,
23:24in the economic history,
23:26that when development reaches a certain maturity,
23:30people will leave agriculture because,
23:32of course, it is not enough remunerative compared to the industrial sector
23:37and more particularly the service sector and technology.
23:43So it can't create employment to try to absorb,
23:45if we want to say things concretely,
23:49if we have on the continent in 30 or 40 years 400 million people,
23:53we don't have enough land,
23:55we don't have enough water to try to occupy 400 million people,
24:00unless we want to keep them in precariousness.
24:03So sooner or later, these young people or these people,
24:07they will leave the countryside of agriculture to go and occupy another element.
24:10But we cannot save money by not developing this sector of food agriculture
24:13because it allows, first of all,
24:16to ensure resilience in terms of nutrition,
24:21in terms of feeding the population.
24:27But it is not the sector that will allow us,
24:31as a continent, as a country in the south,
24:34to be a little competitive in terms of trade or international economy.
24:38The second important element in relation to food agriculture
24:41is that we know that there is a certain degradation of the environment.
24:46And that raises a fundamental question for these two institutions.
24:53It is the governance of the world.
24:55Because the problem of the degradation of the environment,
24:58we have to put rules that are imposable to all countries.
25:00We can't come like this to talk about the environment
25:03and let everyone, each country, do things at good will
25:08or at bad will.
25:09It's like this clandestine passenger.
25:16There are some countries, some regions of the world
25:18that will make an effort at the level of the environment.
25:21Others do not.
25:23And one of the other, we will not find ourselves in the years to come.
25:25So everyone is aware of this problem of degradation of the environment,
25:29this problem of climate change in relation to agriculture.
25:33It is a big challenge for the continent today, Mr. Hicham Sador.
25:37I remind you that you are a professor of economics and finance
25:40at the University of Rabat.
25:43Thank you for answering our questions today.
25:46Thank you. Have a good day.
25:49And we come to the end of this edition.
25:52Thank you for following the information.
25:54We continue on Median TV.
26:07Median TV