Australia es un continente fascinante, conocido por sus costas bañadas por el sol, extensos bosques de eucaliptos y onduladas praderas. Sin embargo, la rica biodiversidad que alberga enfrenta serios desafíos. Los animales que prosperan en estas tierras salvajes son algunos de los más icónicos y, al mismo tiempo, mortíferos del planeta. Desde canguros y koalas hasta serpientes y arañas, la fauna australiana es un verdadero tesoro natural. No obstante, el cambio climático está produciendo una gran transformación en este ecosistema único.
Los incendios forestales y las inundaciones están azotando el continente, alterando el antiguo status quo y permitiendo que surjan nuevas especies. Este fenómeno no solo afecta a los animales y plantas locales, sino que también tiene repercusiones en la cultura y el estilo de vida de los australianos. La relación entre la naturaleza y la humanidad se ve tensionada, y es crucial entender cómo estos cambios impactan la biodiversidad.
El cambio climático también está impulsando a las comunidades científicas y locales a buscar soluciones innovadoras para mitigar los efectos devastadores de estos desastres naturales. La conservación y la restauración del hábitat son esenciales para proteger a las especies autóctonas y mantener el equilibrio ecológico.
Para aprender más sobre la fascinante vida silvestre de Australia y los retos que enfrenta, es fundamental mantenerse informado y participar en iniciativas de conservación. Solo así podremos contribuir a un futuro más sostenible para este increíble continente.
#AustraliaSalvaje, #CambioClimático, #Conservación
Keywords: Australia, fauna australiana, cambio climático, incendios forestales, inundaciones, biodiversidad, conservación, hábitat, especies autóctonas, ecosistema.
Los incendios forestales y las inundaciones están azotando el continente, alterando el antiguo status quo y permitiendo que surjan nuevas especies. Este fenómeno no solo afecta a los animales y plantas locales, sino que también tiene repercusiones en la cultura y el estilo de vida de los australianos. La relación entre la naturaleza y la humanidad se ve tensionada, y es crucial entender cómo estos cambios impactan la biodiversidad.
El cambio climático también está impulsando a las comunidades científicas y locales a buscar soluciones innovadoras para mitigar los efectos devastadores de estos desastres naturales. La conservación y la restauración del hábitat son esenciales para proteger a las especies autóctonas y mantener el equilibrio ecológico.
Para aprender más sobre la fascinante vida silvestre de Australia y los retos que enfrenta, es fundamental mantenerse informado y participar en iniciativas de conservación. Solo así podremos contribuir a un futuro más sostenible para este increíble continente.
#AustraliaSalvaje, #CambioClimático, #Conservación
Keywords: Australia, fauna australiana, cambio climático, incendios forestales, inundaciones, biodiversidad, conservación, hábitat, especies autóctonas, ecosistema.
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TVTranscripción
00:00Coasts bathed in the sun.
00:07Extensive eucalyptus forests.
00:15Wavy meadows.
00:21A vast ocean.
00:25Wavy meadows.
00:32The animals that thrive in this wild land of Australia
00:36are some of the most iconic
00:43and deadly on the planet.
00:54But a great transformation is taking place.
00:58Due to climate change,
01:00forest fires and floods are ravaging the continent.
01:09The old status quo is being altered,
01:17allowing new leaders to emerge.
01:21Along a small stretch of coast,
01:24changing conditions create new opportunities
01:28for those who are bold enough to take advantage of them.
01:33An opportunity for gladiator animals to conquer new territories,
01:37to settle old scores,
01:42and to fight for survival.
01:50Gladiators.
02:05Wild Coast.
02:20Among the coastal meadows,
02:23an Australian icon is in motion.
02:29Its species has existed here for 15 million years.
02:35The oriental gray kangaroo.
02:38A large and muscular marsupial.
02:44But this male has gone through difficult times.
02:51Last year, a forest fire ravaged his territory,
02:55forcing him and his flock to flee
03:02and take refuge in this new valley.
03:10The dominant male, who ruled over the flock,
03:13failed to do so.
03:17He was in charge of maintaining harmony
03:20in this highly social group.
03:24He kept the other males under control
03:27and was the main protector of the group.
03:31So now a new leader must ascend the hierarchy.
03:37And Gray has his eyes set on the highest position.
03:42But he is not the only one who aspires to the crown.
03:54Other males also apply for the position.
04:05Whoever achieves it will be responsible
04:08for the safety of the flock.
04:15Because his new valley is plagued with dangers.
04:39Dingoes.
04:43The cunning gangsters of these coastal meadows.
04:48Ferocious carnivores.
04:52And one of the few natural enemies of kangaroos.
05:09Two dingoes separate from the flock
05:12and move to ambush the kangaroos from the thick bushes.
05:24Gray's feline ear detects their approach.
05:29It is an opportunity to show their worth
05:32and protect the group.
05:37Hitting the ground with the hind legs
05:40indicates to the gangster that he must flee.
05:47But Gray does not give up.
05:51He is ready to fight.
05:59Gray runs out.
06:04And the crowd follows him.
06:07But the dingoes try to slow them down
06:10by taking them to an escarpment valley.
06:15They are looking for a young man.
06:21The huge tendons of Gray's hind legs
06:24work like springs.
06:26They absorb energy with each step
06:29and then release it with an explosive force.
06:34Choose a safe route for the crowd to follow.
06:41The dingoes can reach speeds close to 50 km per hour.
06:46But in open terrain.
06:49Kangaroos can reach 65 km per hour.
06:52Gray's claws hit the ground like a pneumatic hammer.
06:58Guiding the group beyond the rocky bushes
07:01and towards the open valley.
07:06From here it is a race on foot.
07:12The dingoes have no chance.
07:16Gray's mental speed has shown that he is a leader.
07:25But his greatest battle is yet to come.
07:46In this sand, animals of all kinds
07:49are adapting to life after the fire.
07:56For one in particular,
07:58extreme conditions have played in his favor.
08:08The wilderness where he lives
08:11is full of past battles.
08:15Victims who perished when fleeing forest fires.
08:28It is perhaps the most iconic of all Australian arachnids.
08:36Black widow.
08:39One of the most poisonous spiders in the world.
08:45Black widow.
08:51As this part of the coast has become hotter and more hostile,
08:55Black Widow has gotten used to the blows.
09:00Originally from the deserts of Western Australia,
09:03she has quickly adapted to the changing climate,
09:06entering a new territory.
09:11Black Widow is a newcomer here
09:14and is campaigning to increase her participation in this area.
09:21At this moment she is planning her plan.
09:28She prepares a chemical weapon.
09:32In the glands located around the mouth
09:35she is combining a deadly mixture of enzymes and toxins.
09:40When injected,
09:42this poison will cause extreme pain and paralysis.
09:51But Black Widow is not bigger than a gizante
09:54and will remain in the same place for most of her adult life.
10:01So her plan is to get an unprepared victim to approach her.
10:10A few days later.
10:18While the fires and rising temperatures are raging,
10:22the effects can also be felt in the waters.
10:29The warming of the ocean and overfishing
10:32have made it more difficult to find food here,
10:35making the battle for resources underwater tougher than ever.
10:46Even for one of the most efficient hunters.
10:52The great white shark.
10:59Evolution has turned its species into such effective predators
11:03that they have remained unaltered for millions of years.
11:13But the world around it is changing.
11:26With fewer fish in the ocean,
11:29the colonies of seals that it hunts have shrunk.
11:38So it travels thousands of kilometers through open waters
11:42to find better areas.
11:49It has reached the right place.
11:54A stretch exposed to the coastline.
12:00This is the home of another elite predator.
12:08The sea lion.
12:15This female was born on this beach 15 years ago.
12:22The changing ocean has also affected her.
12:25She must swim further from the coast
12:28to reach the populations of increasingly smaller fish.
12:41The shallow waters near the coast
12:44are a safe place for the sea lion.
12:49But 30 meters from the coast,
12:52a pronounced unevenness gives way to a labyrinth of algae and dark ravines.
13:03The best food is beyond.
13:10But there is also the great white,
13:13which is already stepping on its heels.
13:18The smell of sea lion is unbearable.
13:23And the smell of great white is the most powerful of all sharks.
13:30Other senses of great precision bring it even closer.
13:37Some detectors around the nose
13:40sense the electromagnetic currents
13:43emitted by the muscles of the sea lion.
13:47And as it gets closer, it focuses on the heartbeat of its heart.
13:55The sea lion is equipped to avoid it.
13:58As in the felids, the coating of its large eyes
14:01reflects and amplifies the weak light.
14:08Flexible joints between its vertebrae
14:11allow its spine to bend over itself.
14:14It beats its powerful front fins
14:17to propel itself away from the shark.
14:21And it throws itself to the safety of the shallow waters.
14:28Perhaps this is not the best time to go fishing.
14:33But sooner or later it will have to do it.
14:45Not only is its own survival at stake.
14:49Up on the rocks is its cub of months.
14:57Up here, too, there are dangers.
15:05Aggressive males or reproducers
15:08have a carefree attitude towards the colony's young.
15:15This fiery male could easily crush its young.
15:28It moves to divert the male's attention from its vulnerable pup.
15:32The male triples its weight.
15:36But what it lacks in volume
15:39it compensates with skill and courage.
15:45It opens its jaws
15:48to show the male its curved canines.
15:55The male's dense fat acts like an armor.
16:00But it has a heel of agility.
16:05The sea lion sinks its canines
16:08into the exposed neck of the male.
16:15Its painful bite has the desired effect.
16:24With its pup watching,
16:27the sea lion has shown a vital rule.
16:34The bigger it is,
16:37it doesn't always have the chance to attack.
16:41The bigger it is,
16:44it doesn't always mean better.
16:59While the harshest conditions
17:02continue to exert pressure on this sand,
17:05there is a resolute wanderer in the arboreal vegetation
17:08who has found great benefits.
17:14This is Bull Ant.
17:17When the fire ravaged the area,
17:20it left an abundance of dead insects
17:23for its colony to feed on.
17:26Every day it is stronger,
17:29more in shape and bigger.
17:33Evolving in the extreme Australian environments
17:36for millions of years,
17:39Bull Ant is a giant of the world of ants.
17:42It is 4 cm long
17:45and has an impressive arsenal.
17:48On the front,
17:51giant jaws like guava trees.
17:54On the back,
17:57a stinger full of venom.
18:03Most ants have a deficient vision.
18:06But the enormous eyes of Bull Ant
18:09provide it with superior vision,
18:12exceptional for moving around
18:15and finding food at all levels of light.
18:21Its vision rivals that of a dog.
18:26It uses its extra large eyes
18:29to scan and memorize reference points
18:32in its environment
18:35and detect its next meal
18:38up to a meter away.
18:43It is one of its favorites.
18:47Full of energy.
18:52But the larvae of its colony
18:55need proteins to grow.
18:58It has to find something a little more carnivorous.
19:01It must walk carefully.
19:08There are larger predators
19:11prowling through the forest.
19:29Bull Ant's jaws are about to burst.
19:32A thousand muscle fibers
19:35of rapid contraction
19:38shoot together
19:41to squeeze its mucous membranes
19:44with force around the jaw.
19:47It is a giant of the world of ants.
19:50It is 4 cm long
19:53and has an impressive arsenal.
19:57But the jaw defends itself.
20:03It releases a cloud of powdery scales
20:06to mislead Bull Ant.
20:09It is momentarily blinded,
20:12but it recovers and uses its superior strength
20:15to place the jaw just where it wants.
20:27Then it shoots its hypodermic stinger
20:30sharpened like a needle
20:33to release a deadly poison injection.
20:42The jaw is not dead.
20:45Only paralyzed.
20:48Bull Ant must drag it back to the colony
20:51where it will be torn to shreds
20:54to feed the larvae.
20:57It weighs three times more than Bull Ant.
21:00But Bull Ant is a weightlifter.
21:03It can bear loads
21:06up to 50 times its own weight.
21:13It drags the prey to its nest.
21:24It is the only one left.
21:34Beyond the arboreal vegetation,
21:37Gray is gaining prestige within the flock.
21:48But it is a male rival
21:51who makes the first move.
21:58Flexion is an unmistakable sign of dominance.
22:06With this scorching heat of 40 degrees,
22:09everyone is at their limit.
22:13Gray must remain calm.
22:17The kangaroos can't sweat at rest,
22:20so they quickly yawn and lick their arms.
22:27Worse still,
22:30the extreme temperature has unleashed
22:33a wave of annoying flies.
22:40Disobedience begins to emerge in the flock.
22:47They need a new leader
22:50who will provide calm and security,
22:53now more than ever.
22:58Even the novices are showing their muscles.
23:01They have just come out of their mother's womb,
23:04but they are already eager
23:07to show their jaws to anyone.
23:11Or to anything.
23:17A kick here,
23:20a blow there.
23:23These are additional points
23:26if your opponent runs away.
23:31These skunks are just harmless fights,
23:34a playful way to practice
23:37their boxing skills
23:40and develop their muscles.
23:45These young men are still far from being leaders.
23:51But Gray is wearing the seal
23:54of a true leader of the mafia.
23:58He is big.
24:01He has voluminous biceps.
24:05And he is full of arrogance.
24:09He weighs 70 kilos,
24:12half of which is a pure muscle
24:15and is almost two and a half meters tall.
24:19But his opponent is no match for him.
24:26Gray emits a serious guttural grunt.
24:29It is an attempt to assert his dominion.
24:34His opponent replicates with a flexion of the whole body,
24:37trying to scare Gray to submit.
24:43If Gray wants to become a leader,
24:46he will have no choice
24:49but to reach out to his opponent.
24:53This will not be an inoffensive fight,
24:56this will not be an inoffensive fight.
25:08The fighters face each other face to face.
25:16Gray, in the left corner,
25:19looks at his opponent.
25:23But the aspirant holds his gaze,
25:26trying to intimidate him.
25:29Neither of them is willing to retreat.
25:37It is time for Gray to be smart.
25:40He pushes the challenger back,
25:43trying to make his heavyweight credentials count.
25:47But he must not get caught up in the battle too soon.
25:53These fights for dominance can last for days.
25:57And the challenger's low blows show that he is willing to fight.
26:11At nightfall, the fighters retreat.
26:14But the war has only just begun.
26:22A few days later.
26:47From the security provided by the mainland,
26:50the sea lion has diligently raised its calf
26:53during its first four months of life.
26:58Its milk is one of the most nutritious in the animal kingdom.
27:06But in order to continue producing it,
27:09the sea lion needs to feed.
27:13However, the bonefish, squids and octopuses it hunts
27:16are more difficult to find,
27:19and they are further away from the coast than ever.
27:25In order to reach them,
27:28it must face Great White.
27:43On land, the sea lion is clumsy and clumsy.
27:57But in the water,
28:00it is a consumed athlete.
28:07In just one day,
28:10in search of food,
28:13it is able to travel up to 200 km from its base.
28:18Its plan is to dodge attacks from Great White,
28:21feed on fish and squids,
28:24and return safely with its calf.
28:29It passes the ravine.
28:32Its only respiration lasts about 10 minutes.
28:36Then it will need to breathe,
28:39when it will be most exposed.
28:48The seaweed beds provide Great White
28:51with ideal coverage.
28:54Its dark body mixes with the dark depths,
28:57making it difficult to see it from above.
29:01So its tactic is to find distracted seals
29:04near the surface and ambush them from below.
29:10Sea lion remains close to the bottom.
29:13It has memorized several food search routes,
29:16passing through each rock and ravine
29:19in these seaweed beds.
29:22It is as if it had an incorporated GPS
29:25that allows it to find a safe path.
29:29It has overcome the first obstacle.
29:33But to return with its calf,
29:36it will have to dodge the shark a second time.
29:42It regains its breath.
29:51Now is the time to feed.
30:01In deeper waters,
30:04it finds a huge bank of fish.
30:12Its thick and nervous moustaches,
30:15full of nervous determinations at the base,
30:18are very sensitive to movement,
30:21allowing it to locate a single fish
30:24and make millimetric adjustments to hunt its prey.
30:28After an hour of feeding,
30:31it is time to return to shore.
30:42But Gran Blanco is on high alert
30:45and this time captures the approaching sea lion.
30:49It is designed with precision for this scenario.
30:56Small structures scattered all over its skin
30:59work to reduce resistance,
31:02allowing it to swim quickly and silently.
31:07Sea lion zigzags in the water,
31:10but it is not afraid.
31:13Keeping a low profile
31:16makes it less likely to be ambushed by surprise.
31:25But its oxygen supply is decreasing
31:28and soon it will be forced to come to the surface.
31:37It is a very dangerous predator.
31:41It is a very dangerous predator.
31:52From the depths,
31:55Gran Blanco is the target.
32:01As it accelerates, it creates a wave of pressure.
32:04The sea lion perceives it and zigzags.
32:11It dodges the shark's jaws by a few centimeters.
32:21Gran Blanco's muscular body
32:24gives it a lethal speed,
32:27but it is not designed to resist.
32:30Its failure to seize its first blow
32:33has drastically reduced its chances of success.
32:37The sea lion quickly heads to the bottom.
32:43But it is in a dead end,
32:46unable to escape.
32:49Gran Blanco has it cornered.
32:52So the sea lion uses the underwater orography in its favor.
33:01It stays close to the rocks.
33:04Gran Blanco can see it,
33:07but it is too big to maneuver so close to the steep shore.
33:13If it manages to stay out of its reach,
33:16it will tire Gran Blanco
33:19and he will be forced to give up.
33:23But the sea lion goes one step further.
33:26It turns around
33:29and dives into Gran Blanco's blind spot.
33:32Gran Blanco is disoriented
33:35and loses energy.
33:38This gives the sea lion the opportunity
33:41to make its way through the rocks.
33:44But the sea lion is too big
33:47and can't do it alone.
33:50Gran Blanco has it cornered.
33:53But it is too big
33:56and can't do it alone.
33:59But the sea lion has it cornered.
34:02But it is too big
34:05and can't do it alone.
34:15Gran Blanco regains strength
34:18and heads in deeper waters
34:21to a group of less experienced seals.
34:29Four huge muscles
34:32work to close its jaws
34:35while 50 sharp teeth pierce the body of its prey.
34:51The sea lion meets its prey.
35:00Gran Blanco may have defeated
35:03a member of the colony.
35:06But the sea lion has shown
35:09that its species is capable
35:12of defeating a larger and stronger enemy.
35:15And when it enters the water,
35:18it is able to defeat
35:21a larger and stronger enemy.
35:24And when it enters the water,
35:27it is able to defeat
35:30a larger and stronger enemy.
35:33And when it delivers another delicious meal to its young,
35:36it helps to ensure
35:39that its colony continues to grow
35:42and prosper on these shores.
35:57Back to the mainland,
36:00among the dry forests of the coast,
36:03the strategy of the black widow
36:06enters its next stage.
36:09It begins to wander
36:12among the trees
36:15and the trees
36:18and the trees
36:21and the trees
36:25It begins to roll silk
36:33Descending into the rapel,
36:36it pulls the thread from behind
36:39and places it in its place
36:50Then it returns to its hole
36:54And he fixes the other end of the thread.
37:05Thread by thread he weaves his web.
37:15When he finishes, he has placed 70 strands of thread.
37:31The web is finely designed.
37:46Ant Bull has gone on a new incursion to feed the young of his colony.
37:56The Black Widow's lair is the typical place where there could be an appetizing prey.
38:08Impulsed to look for food for his colony, he tries to make his way through the labyrinth of wires.
38:30The trap moves like an elastic band.
38:36It is trapped.
38:39The high-voltage lines are more resistant than the Kevlar,
38:43and are covered with liquid silk that acts as an instant glue that adheres them to the ant's body.
38:54The vibrations indicate to Black Widow that her trap has failed.
39:00Using brute force, Ant Bull is able to break free of some of the ropes.
39:07But Black Widow's trap is too extensive.
39:28Black Widow goes on the offensive.
39:33Ant Bull tries to grab her with his jaws, but he comes across another sticky trap.
39:41He tries to break free of the line using the strength of his legs, but it adheres quickly.
39:48Black Widow attacks her.
39:52It is an opportunity for Ant Bull to catch her with his jaws, but Black Widow surrounds them with silk.
40:12Combing the thread with his hind legs, he ties the ant's mouthpiece like a dog's muzzle.
40:21Each new thread wraps his jaws more tightly, neutralizing his main weapon.
40:29But Ant still has his deadly trap.
40:33He arches his back, trying to reach his enemy.
40:39He can inject six times more poison than a bee.
40:49If he manages to get close enough.
40:54But his strength runs out.
41:03Escaping is almost impossible.
41:14In a last attempt, Ant Bull tries to nail his stinger.
41:45But he is overwhelmed by the silk.
41:57Only now Black Widow can get close.
42:04To nail his fatal sting.
42:12With two sharp fangs like pins, he injects his neurotoxic cocktail.
42:21Its effect on Ant Bull's nervous system is almost instantaneous.
42:36Slowly, Black Widow begins to feed.
42:48Her reward, a vital food that will sustain her for the next few weeks.
42:58And as the climate of the northern coast becomes increasingly extreme,
43:03the species of Black Widow will continue to expand its distribution area in this territory.
43:28While Black Widow savors her victory, Gray prepares for another assault.
43:48The night before, he served for his opponent to withdraw.
44:01But today he is back.
44:04And he shows himself more willing to engage in combat.
44:10A battle without a barracks for dominance is now inevitable.
44:17The prize, become an undisputed champion.
44:25And become the head of the mafia.
44:39The opponent attacks first.
44:44But Gray counterattacks with a burst of flying kicks.
44:51And a bunch of punches.
44:58His muscular front legs with sharp claws at the tips are the American fists of nature.
45:07If Gray hits with his blows, he could blind his opponent.
45:16The aspirant throws his head back to keep him out of his reach.
45:21So Gray changes tactics.
45:24He moves to grab his opponent.
45:29And knock him down with his legs.
45:36His opponent does not seem to be immutable.
45:39So Gray starts another march.
45:44Using as support his tail of a meter long, he hits with both legs.
45:53His double kicks hit with the force of a heavy weight.
45:59A single of these claws kicks could gut a human.
46:05However, the thick skin of his opponent's belly allows him to resist multiple blows.
46:13Until Gray chooses his moment.
46:18And assists a devastating blow.
46:29His opponent is trembling.
46:36Gray, in the left corner, has gained an advantage but must maintain pressure.
46:43Now it's a battle of wear and tear, a real test of guts.
46:50Gray's opponent is out of breath from the blow received in the belly.
46:55And he seems tired.
46:58Still, he will not back down.
47:03Gray throws one last blow.
47:11This time, it's too much for his opponent.
47:22Gray has won the title of Mafia Chief.
47:32The loser must decide whether to stand in line as a lower-ranked male or leave and move to another place.
47:55The void of power has been filled.
48:01With Gray in command, security and order can return to the group.
48:20Throughout this stretch of Australian wild coast, some brave animals have risked everything.
48:29An invalid seal has outdone its ancestral enemy.
48:36A boxing champion has been crowned.
48:42And the patient strategy of Black Widow has doubled its prey.
48:51Extreme conditions and hunger will continue to be a challenge for all the creatures that live here.
48:59But they have proven to be true survivors.
49:05They have earned the right to live and fight one more day.
49:12In the inhospitable lands of wild Australia.