Why Capacitors Allow AC But Block DC?
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LearningTranscript
00:00We all know that a capacitor allows AC but blocks DC.
00:05Let's explore the reason behind this.
00:07When we connect a capacitor to a DC power supply,
00:11it begins to charge, causing a current flow in the circuit.
00:15However, once the capacitor is fully charged,
00:18there is no space for additional charges and the current flow stops.
00:22When we connect this charged capacitor to a load,
00:26it begins to discharge, resulting in a current flow.
00:29Thus, we can conclude that there is current flow in the circuit
00:33whenever the capacitor is charging or discharging.
00:36This is why a capacitor blocks DC.
00:38It allows some initial current flow,
00:41but once fully charged, it can no longer permit any current flow in the circuit.
00:46Now, let's consider the case of AC.
00:49Imagine an AC power source with its waveform.
00:53For convenience, let's divide this waveform into four parts.
00:57In the first part, the voltage rises from 0 to its maximum value.
01:02During this process, the capacitor charges from 0 to its maximum value.
01:07In the second part, the voltage drops from its maximum to its minimum value,
01:11causing the capacitor to discharge the stored charges.
01:15This results in continuous charging and discharging.
01:19In the third part, the capacitor charges from 0 to its maximum value again,
01:24but in the opposite direction.
01:26Once more, the stored charges are released.
01:29With an AC power supply, a capacitor constantly charges and discharges,
01:34leading to a constant oscillation of charges.
01:38This oscillation constitutes a current flow.
01:41So, with an AC power supply, a capacitor has charges oscillating between its plates,
01:47resulting in a continuous current flow.
01:49Like and follow for more informative videos.