Posible bang ma-reverse ang epekto ng climate change? | Need to Know
2023 was the warmest year on record. Ayon iyan sa State of the Global Climate 2023 report ng World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
1.45°C above pre-industrial levels ang naitalang average near-surface temperature noong 2023.
Posible bang ma-reverse ang effects ng climate crisis? Here’s what you #NeedToKnow.
1.45°C above pre-industrial levels ang naitalang average near-surface temperature noong 2023.
Posible bang ma-reverse ang effects ng climate crisis? Here’s what you #NeedToKnow.
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00:002023 was the warmest year on record, according to the State of the Global Climate 2023 report of the World Meteorological Organization or WMO.
00:121.45 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels was the average near-surface temperature in 2023.
00:22This means that this is the temperature increase compared to before industrialization was widespread in the world.
00:30According to experts, since industrialization began in various parts of the world,
00:36carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions from human activities have increased, which is affected by climate change.
00:45In other words, we are about to reach the 1.5 degrees Celsius threshold agreed upon in the 2015 Paris Agreement.
00:54The WMO also said that it is possible that this will increase further this 2024.
01:01This is also the data released in the monitoring of the European Union.
01:05According to the Copernicus Climate Change Service, the highest temperatures on record are recorded from June to August 2024.
01:14The result of global warming, extreme weather events that are experienced around the world,
01:19such as stronger storms and severe droughts,
01:23severe effects of natural disasters such as floods and wildfires,
01:29environmental degradation,
01:32food and water insecurity,
01:35and economic disruption.
01:38The question is, is it possible to reverse the effects of the climate crisis?
01:43What are the reasons to be hopeful about climate action?
01:47Here's what you need to know.
01:49Global warming or the continuous rise in temperature in the world is caused by greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere.
01:57According to the WMO, carbon dioxide levels are now 50% higher compared to the pre-industrial revolution.
02:06Because of this, it is expected that the temperature will rise even higher in the coming years.
02:15Global warming is just one of the climate crises experienced in the world.
02:19According to the WMO's 2023 report,
02:22the high temperature of the record-breaking level of ocean heat, which is harmful to the marine ecosystem, also increased.
02:29The rise in sea levels also increased,
02:32and the worst glacier retreat on record was experienced,
02:35or the continuous melting of glaciers in Western North America and Europe.
02:40Because of the increase in temperature,
02:42the various processes in weather, local weather, and even large climatic patterns around the globe also changed.
02:49So we're seeing more unpredictability and more severity in terms of the impacts,
02:55which means the most affected are the most vulnerable sectors.
03:01And the chief of which is the Philippines,
03:03where we stand to lose actually around 3% GDP annually because of escalating climate impacts.
03:10Urgent action is needed to mitigate the worst impacts of climate change.
03:15It's still a clear warning that we're not doing enough.
03:18And with business as usual, we will see accelerated increases in the increase in temperatures.
03:25According to Jefferson Chua, campaigner of Greenpeace Philippines,
03:29one of the biggest global efforts to mitigate climate change was the Paris Agreement in 2015.
03:37196 countries adopted it, including the Philippines.
03:43The goal of the agreement is to reduce carbon emissions by 45% by 2030 and reach net zero by 2050.
03:52The problem is that the window is super narrow already to achieve this.
03:56And there are a lot of projections that say that even if we stop all of our fossil fuel activities right now,
04:04it doesn't mean that the climate impacts will be lightened.
04:08In all of the countries in Southeast Asia, the Philippines is the only one that doesn't have a net zero target.
04:14But the government plans to increase its targets by using more renewable energy.
04:22The Department of Energy aims to increase the renewable energy share in the power generation mix by 35% by 2040.
04:32This will help achieve energy security, sustainable development, and mitigate climate change.
04:39Historically, the Philippines is one of the countries with the lowest greenhouse gas emissions.
04:44According to the data of the EU in 2020,
04:47the country's contribution to total greenhouse gas emissions worldwide is only 0.49%.
04:54The Philippines is one of the least responsible because of our actual emissions
05:00compared to the historical emissions of other countries.
05:04We're really the least responsible.
05:06But we're affected the most.
05:08So there really needs to be a lot of mechanisms that equalize the playing field or at least make the playing field equitable.
05:15Under the Paris Agreement,
05:17each state party is required to submit climate action plans or nationally determined contributions or NDCs.
05:26Most of these are emission reduction targets and adaptation measures.
05:30In 2021, the Philippines submitted the NDC.
05:34It is part of the National Climate Change Action Plan that has seven priority areas in addressing climate change.
05:41The Philippines also committed to a 75% reduction and avoidance of projected greenhouse gas emissions from 2020 to 2030.
05:52This includes emissions from the industry of agriculture, waste, transport, and energy.
05:592.71% is the unconditional reduction,
06:02which means that these are the actual emissions reductions mandated by the government.
06:08The other portion of that emission reduction is conditional,
06:12which means it depends on bilateral agreements, technology transfer.
06:17So I guess in terms of that, our unconditional reductions are low.
06:23It needs to be more ambitious.
06:25One of the new measures implemented to address the climate crisis is the concept of loss and damage.
06:32Loss and damage are the negative impacts of climate change in spite of mitigation and adaptation efforts.
06:39There are two categories.
06:41Economic loss and damage refers to costs that can be quantified,
06:46such as infrastructure or crop losses.
06:49Non-economic is the negative effects of climate change that cannot be measured with money,
06:55such as cultural destruction and displacement of way of life.
07:00Who should pay for this?
07:03Especially since the countries that are most vulnerable to climate change
07:07often have the lowest greenhouse gas emissions.
07:11This is where the loss and damage fund comes in.
07:14This is known as money or compensation for the irreversible effects of the climate crisis.
07:20A lot of livelihood losses, for example,
07:23that the way fishermen walk has changed,
07:26for example, because they can't fish anymore because the sea is hot.
07:29And they have to change their way of life.
07:32They have to uproot themselves from where they live.
07:35This fund became operational in 2023 after it was approved in the COP27.
07:41This is for the poorer countries who are also the most vulnerable and most affected by climate change.
07:48The Philippines was chosen by the Board of the Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage
07:53to host the Loss and Damage Fund Board.
07:56On August 7, President Bongbong Marcos passed the Republic Act of 12019
08:03or the Loss and Damage Fund Board Act.
08:06The Board will manage the funds to help the vulnerable countries affected by climate change.
08:14Under the law, the Board will appoint a governing body
08:18that has full legal capacity to contract, acquire, and dispose of immovable and movable property
08:24and to institute legal proceedings.
08:27We need to use this opportunity to actually take alternative financing mechanisms seriously
08:33and show the world that this kind of leadership is done even by the most vulnerable countries like ours.
08:40And I think that creates a strong moral voice for the Philippines
08:45to actually demand payment not just from the biggest countries,
08:49but more importantly, the biggest corporations.
08:52Despite the urgency to address the loss and damage experienced across the globe,
08:57we should still remember and not forget the roots of climate change
09:02and the need to strengthen our ability to face its challenges.
09:08Even if climate change cannot be completely solved,
09:11it's still possible to slow down its effects.
09:14It is not enough for countries to have agreements and commitments.
09:18Policies and proposals need to be implemented more seriously
09:22for climate actions and climate targets to be achieved.
09:27The window is rapidly closing for genuine climate action.
09:30Even to some observers,
09:33even if you do everything now,
09:36magically, everyone stops emitting carbon.
09:40For example, the climate is still not okay.
09:45And it will become okay 10, 20 years later.
09:48So imagine in that 10 to 20 years,
09:51how many more will suffer?
09:53There will be still a time where things will get worse before it gets better.
10:16For more UN videos visit www.un.org