Pemerintah kembali membuka keran ekspor pasir laut. Presiden Joko Widodo (Jokowi) menerbitkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 26 Tahun 2023 tentang Pengelolaan Hasil Sedimentasi di Laut.
Sebelumnya, ekspor pasir laut telah dilarang selama 22 tahun terakhir, atau sejak era Presiden Megawati Soekarnoputri. Kala itu, kebijakan penghentian ekspor pasir laut diterbitkan karena menjadi polemik panas.
Namun Presiden Jokowi menyebut bahwa yang akan diekspor bukan pasir laut, melainkan sedimentasi yang mengganggu jalur pelayaran kapal.
Sebelumnya, ekspor pasir laut telah dilarang selama 22 tahun terakhir, atau sejak era Presiden Megawati Soekarnoputri. Kala itu, kebijakan penghentian ekspor pasir laut diterbitkan karena menjadi polemik panas.
Namun Presiden Jokowi menyebut bahwa yang akan diekspor bukan pasir laut, melainkan sedimentasi yang mengganggu jalur pelayaran kapal.
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TVTranscript
00:00The Ministry of Finance has admitted that it has not set a target for the state to receive non-tax or PNBP from the export of sea sand sedimentation.
00:20Although the export permit has been reopened, sea sand exploration is not easy to do and requires in-depth research to ensure the export of sea sand sedimentation without the presence of valuable minerals.
00:37When the sea sand export permit was reopened, the Ministry of Finance has admitted that it has not set a target for the state to receive non-tax or PNBP from the export of sea sand sedimentation.
00:50According to the Director of Receiving Non-Tax Payments of the Ministry of Finance, DJA Kemengki Wawan Sunaryo, the target of receiving sea sand from the export has not yet been determined because the plan has just been set in the form of a government regulation.
01:04Wawan said that the potential of receiving sea sand sedimentation from the export could reach 2.5 trillion rupiah if the export volume reaches 50 million cubic meters.
01:13Although the sea sand exploration is not easy to do, this process still requires in-depth research to ensure only the export of sea sand sedimentation without the presence of valuable minerals.
01:43This is the assessment team of the Ministry of Fisheries and Fisheries, maybe also with the Ministry of Environment and Forestry.
01:51I don't know, but it's a research team, a research team.
01:56To then see if the sediment is really there, there is no mineral content that may be valuable and so on.
02:03The government is ensuring that it will form an assessment team of the Ministry of Fisheries and Fisheries, which may work with the Ministry of Environment and Forestry to ensure the content of sea sand sedimentation that will be exported.
02:17From Serang Bantan, Syamsul Fudin, IDX Channel.
02:21Yes, Mr. Mirsa, to discuss our topic this time.
02:23For the loss of Indonesian sea sediment export, we have been connected via Zoom with Mr. Fadhil Hasan, Senior Economist at Indef.
02:30Good morning, Mr. Fadhil.
02:33Good morning, sir.
02:35Yes, good morning, Indonesia time, Mr. Fadhil.
02:38Thank you very much for your time, Mr. Fadhil, who is on duty in Paman Sam.
02:43Thank you very much for your time, Mr. Fadhil, who is on duty in Paman Sam.
02:48And just now the information was delivered, even though the target of the BNPP itself has not yet been determined.
02:55But what do you think?
02:56A review from Indef related to Wacana, after it was reopened, the export of Indonesian sea sedimentation.
03:05Yes, in short, I hope this policy will be postponed or withdrawn again.
03:14Because even though there was a potential for the country's acceptance of the BNPP,
03:21but there is much more hope.
03:27This will have an impact on fishermen's lives, and also on the environment.
03:35And also, I think this is contrary to the current phenomenon in the Indonesian economy,
03:45namely deindustrialization and only focus on extraction from natural resources.
03:56So, what is it called?
03:59It should be developed.
04:01That is precisely the empowerment of fishermen through the economy,
04:06what is it called?
04:08The cultivation of both catch and fish.
04:15And other resources.
04:18So now I think it's not right to do that.
04:27Coincidentally, in 2002, when Mrs. Megawati became president,
04:35I was a special staff from the Ministry of Fisheries at that time.
04:40So, I know the process until why it is forbidden to export sea sand.
04:48Well, if now it is said to be an export of sea sediment,
04:54it's just a waste.
04:57I think it's hard to distinguish between sea sand and sea sediment.
05:06Because those who do the instrument to extract the sea sand
05:15can't distinguish it, right?
05:19Even though there is a donation and so on.
05:23So, I think it's just a waste.
05:25So, if it's okay, I suggest that this should be withdrawn back to the policy.
05:35And I think this is also voiced by the current chairman of MPL,
05:42Mr. Ahmad Budjani,
05:44then also from the Ministry of Fisheries,
05:48and some members of the DPR too,
05:51advocating similar things.
05:55Okay. And this is already combined, Mr. Zizu Hadi.
05:58He is the director of the National Wildlife Executive.
06:02Hello, good morning, Mr. Zizi.
06:04Good morning, sir.
06:06Yes, thank you for your time.
06:08This has already been discussed,
06:09related to our plan to export Indonesian sea sediment,
06:14after we know that it was frozen a few years ago.
06:17What do you see from WALHI?
06:19What does it look like from the export of sea sediment,
06:23even though we know that we have one potential of receiving the country there?
06:30Yes, if you want to see from the potential,
06:33don't just look at the economic potential of the sand alone,
06:37but you must also calculate what economy will be lost.
06:41Okay.
06:42After thinking about our economic development all this time,
06:46always calculate what potential is obtained,
06:50but never calculate what we have lost.
06:54This is what makes us rich with natural resources,
06:59but also rich with natural disasters.
07:03Because what is lost from biodiversity, from the ecosystem,
07:08has never been calculated.
07:10What economy is lost from the community is also not calculated.
07:14Actually, if I look at it,
07:16there are several considerations that make the President's Regulation and this move must be removed immediately.
07:25First, legally,
07:27actually, the government regulations on sea sediment and sea export
07:35are contrary to the laws that make the government regulations simple.
07:40The right of the government stipulates the implementation rules of the laws,
07:47but the rules that are made are contrary to the laws that govern.
07:53According to Article 5.6 of the Law on Fisheries and the Sea,
08:00the government must protect the ecosystem
08:05by reducing pollution.
08:13Well, all the sand in the sea is the result of sedimentation.
08:20There is sedimentation of rocks from the river,
08:23there is sedimentation of sediments from coral reefs.
08:28Well, if you want to reduce pollution,
08:39what the government must do is reduce pollution
08:44that is done by mining and smelter companies in Sulawesi and Halmahera.
08:52Actually, if the sand is crumbled with the title of sedimentation,
08:59the government does not protect the ecosystem,
09:01the government destroys the ecosystem.
09:05Okay.
09:06Mr. Sesin, let's go back to Mr. Fadhil Hasan.
09:09How do you see it?
09:10Although it has been said that we can develop another economy,
09:15such as budidaya or other empowerment,
09:18but does it take a long time?
09:21If we compare it to the effort to export earlier,
09:26even though there is a potential opportunity for the country to accept it,
09:29which is still being studied.
09:32Actually, if we want it to be fast,
09:36we don't have to be a government to implement policies.
09:48I think when we get the potential for the country to accept it,
09:54for example, the terrarization of the export of this sea sand,
10:00at the same time, we also suffer losses from the environment,
10:05from the lives of the community.
10:07Meanwhile, if we develop a blue economy,
10:12with the participation of the community,
10:15there is no damage to the environment
10:18caused by the activity.
10:22So I think there is no point.
10:25I just want to emphasize here or inform you
10:28that why the re-opening of the sea sand export permit
10:36is suspected.
10:39I may not be able to state it for sure,
10:42but it should be suspected that it is related to the development of the IKN.
10:47Actually, the government wants the entrepreneurs in Singapore
10:52to plant their investments in the IKN.
10:56But Singapore is smart, right?
10:59But it's okay if they are interested in planting their investments in the IKN.
11:05But our needs are also fulfilled, right?
11:09So far, one of Singapore's needs is
11:14how to do reclamation, right?
11:17To expand the land area.
11:21To do that, they need to fill the sea sand.
11:26The nearest sea sand from Singapore
11:30and of good quality,
11:32is from Indonesia, from the Rio Islands and its surroundings.
11:37So they demand that.
11:40Now what happens is
11:42when the Indonesian government opens the sea sand export permit,
11:48but Singapore's investment in the IKN has not come yet.
11:53So I think this is one of the losses.
11:57So the most benefited
12:02from the opening of the sea sand export permit
12:06is only Singapore.
12:08Our people, our country,
12:11our entrepreneurs, our industry,
12:16none of them are benefited.
12:18So I think it's better for us to remove the regulation
12:22that opens the sea sand export permit.
12:26Okay. So what are the potential economic potentials that can be developed
12:30if this becomes a polemic in society?
12:33We will discuss it in the next segment.
12:35Mr. Fadhil and Mr. Tensy, we will be away for a while.
12:37Mr. Mirsa, make sure you are still with us.
12:47Thank you for staying with us.
12:49Next, we will present data related to the ban and the sea sand export permit
12:53where the ban is based on the press number 33 in 2002
12:57and also the petition number 2 in 2027.
13:00Meanwhile, there is a ban on PP number 26 in 2023,
13:04petition number 20 in 2024,
13:06and also petition number 21 in 2024.
13:09There are also reasons for the ban, damage to the marine ecosystem
13:12and uncontrolled fishing.
13:14There are also reasons for the permit,
13:16sedimentation and optimization of marine sediments.
13:20And next, we see from the previous ban on sea sand export volume,
13:24this is from a few years ago, in millions of tons.
13:28We see that in 2002, this has begun to decline
13:32because there is a control and supervision of the sea sand company,
13:35there is a press number 33 in 2002,
13:37to become 21.1 million tons.
13:39In the previous ban, in 2021, it was 74.8 million tons.
13:43In 2003, it also declined by 3.8 million tons.
13:47Okay, we will continue the discussion with Mr. Fadhil Hasan
13:51and also Mr. Zensi Soehadi.
13:53Okay, what does WALHI see?
13:55As we know, it has been announced that
13:57it was previously allowed to export sea sediment.
14:03Then it was banned and now there is a petition to reopen it.
14:06Even though everything is still being studied
14:08and seems to be a hot polemic in this country.
14:11Please, Mr. Zensi.
14:13Yes, what is called development must have a plan.
14:19This sea sand export is actually not a plan of the Indonesian government.
14:25This sea sand is a plan of the Singapore government.
14:30And in the past few years,
14:34Singapore has certainly lobbied the Indonesian government
14:39because Bangladesh, Malaysia, and several other countries
14:43that have been supplying sea sand to Singapore
14:46have started to stop their exports to Singapore.
14:50Meanwhile, Singapore's agenda in the long run
14:53is to continue to increase its land area.
14:57It means that the one who has this plan is the Singapore government.
15:03And what is saddening to me is that
15:06a big country like Indonesia
15:09is actually dependent on the Singapore government's plan.
15:14Indeed, the Indonesian government does not have a development plan.
15:18So it has to sacrifice the interests of fisheries,
15:22the interests of ecology, and the interests of this NKRI area.
15:28Surely, if this sand is still exported,
15:33the size of Indonesia will definitely decrease.
15:35The number of Indonesian islands will definitely decrease.
15:38Now, it should be asked
15:40where the love is placed by the leaders of this country
15:44to this country, to this nation.
15:48So it is dependent on the interests of a country like Singapore.
15:54Even though Singapore is rich, Indonesia's natural resources are very rich.
15:59You can say that Singapore's wealth is because Indonesia is rich in natural resources.
16:05This shows that
16:07since 1972, Indonesia has not had a long-term economic and development scenario.
16:15We have become a raw material provider for other people's plans.
16:21Okay, Mr. Fadhil.
16:23So, Mr. Fadhil, what if, as you said,
16:26we can find other potential economies that can be developed
16:30if we talk about the coastal areas and the Indonesian seas?
16:36The point is the blue economy.
16:40It's not just fish, but also sea grass.
16:47Then, there are also mining goods.
16:53Minerals in the sea.
16:58Ecotourism.
17:01There are many things that can be developed from the sea economy.
17:08It is based on the sea and the ocean.
17:11So, if we develop activities based on sea trade,
17:23it will damage the ecotourism sector in the sea,
17:33as well as fisheries, fishing, fishing, fishing, and so on.
17:40That's why one of the difficulties,
17:42which is still not solved yet,
17:44is being discussed with the ministry
17:46related to the view of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
17:51Because then there is a high gap
17:53between the donation of coal and the donation of sea sand.
18:02But what needs to be emphasized here is that
18:05when it was banned in 2002,
18:11the border agreement between Indonesia and Singapore
18:15was not completed.
18:18If I'm not mistaken, it was in the eastern part.
18:25So, when Singapore built islands,
18:33it can add to their territory.
18:37Because the border between the two countries
18:42is defined by the outer island.
18:46But now it's done.
18:50We already have a border.
18:52Singapore, even though it will add to the claim,
18:57will not be able to claim the expansion of its territory.
19:02But that's just one consideration.
19:05At that time, there were other considerations
19:08that were said by Mr. Genji,
19:11and also what I said earlier.
19:15It will not create a bigger gap
19:22compared to the benefits,
19:24both from the economic side.
19:27Mr. Fadhil, if we talk about the economy,
19:29as you said,
19:30can it be compared,
19:32if we talk about the receipt that will be obtained
19:35if we export sea sediment?
19:38Yes, that's why we have to look at
19:41the net social benefit,
19:45not just the financial benefit.
19:49As for the financial benefit,
19:51maybe instantaneously,
19:54we will get the PNBP from the export of sea sediment
20:00based on the calculations that are made,
20:04around 3.5, 3.2 trillion rupiah.
20:09It depends on how much the tax is,
20:14the tariff, the export tariff.
20:17Okay.
20:18But if it's just calculated,
20:23but then we also calculate the environmental impact,
20:28the environmental cost,
20:30then also the fishing,
20:32the fishery,
20:34then also the tourism potential,
20:38it will all be negative.
20:40So, in general,
20:42the net social benefit is maybe negative
20:46compared to the financial benefit
20:48that will be provided by the PNBP.
20:52Okay, Mr. Fadhil.
20:53Lastly, Walhi, how do you see your optimism?
20:55Do you see the tourism potential
20:57or the sea economy
21:00that should have been further developed
21:03to support the reception of the country?
21:05Mr. Zensy.
21:06Yes, what Mr. Fadhil said is valid.
21:10We work in 28 provinces directly with the community.
21:14What Mr. Fadhil said is valid.
21:17Tourism, fishing,
21:20that is what is destroyed by the sand mining.
21:25Starting from the NTB,
21:27the south coast, the north coast of Java,
21:29Bangka Belitung,
21:31South Sulawesi,
21:33that is what is destroyed.
21:35Now, I see that
21:37actually,
21:39what kind of economy can we develop in Indonesia
21:42is no longer needed.
21:44What is needed now
21:46is the government to identify
21:49the economy developed by the people.
21:52Now, when the government chooses to export sand
21:56and sacrifice the fishing economy,
21:58the tourism economy,
22:01this shows that the government
22:03is not familiar with the economy of the people.
22:06Now, simply,
22:08please the government to identify
22:10the economy that is developing in the people
22:12and facilitate it.
22:14Indeed, the value of the economy
22:17must be twice as much as
22:20the sand mining economy.
22:23One more thing, I want to strengthen
22:25what Mr. Fadhil said.
22:27The sand mining economy
22:32not only contradicts the laws of its neighbors,
22:35it also actually contradicts
22:37the laws of minerals.
22:39Because in our sand,
22:42there is a mineral content
22:44such as titanium, iron, etc.
22:47Now, when the sand is exported,
22:50all the minerals are exported.
22:54It will also harm the country.
22:58Okay, that's it.
22:59An interesting analysis.
23:00That's what Wahil has said.
23:01And also Mr. Fadhil Hasan,
23:03on how we can improve
23:06economic development
23:07without sacrificing other economies.
23:10That's the most important thing
23:11that needs to be done in Indonesia in the future.
23:13Okay, Mr. Fadhil, thank you very much
23:15for your time, sharing, and analysis.
23:17Mr. Zenzi, thank you for the insight
23:19that you have given to the audience today.
23:21Good luck with your activities.
23:23Goodbye.
23:24Mr. Fadhil, Mr. Zenzi, thank you.
23:51Thank you. See you.