En el fascinante inframundo acuático habitan algunas de las criaturas más extrañas y sorprendentes del planeta. Este documental ofrece una mirada profunda a estos peces únicos, que presentan características extraordinarias como aletas inusuales, escamas brillantes y bocas adaptadas para su entorno. Desde las profundidades abisales hasta los arrecifes de coral, estos "monstruos del mar" han evolucionado de formas sorprendentes, desarrollando adaptaciones que les permiten sobrevivir en condiciones extremas. A lo largo del documental, exploramos su biología, comportamiento y el papel que desempeñan en sus ecosistemas.
A través de imágenes impresionantes y entrevistas con expertos en biología marina, este programa revela los misterios que rodean a estas especies. Además, se destaca la importancia de conservar estos hábitats y las amenazas que enfrentan debido al cambio climático y la actividad humana. Aprender sobre estos seres extraordinarios no solo nos asombra, sino que también nos impulsa a reflexionar sobre la fragilidad de nuestros océanos. ¡Adéntrate en este viaje al corazón del océano y descubre la magia de los monstruos marinos!
Hashtags: #MonstruosDelMar, #VidaAcuatica, #DocumentalMarino
Keywords: criaturas marinas, peces extraños, monstruos del mar, evolución marina, biología marina, conservación de océanos, hábitats acuáticos, adaptación de especies, cambio climático, documental sobre océanos.
A través de imágenes impresionantes y entrevistas con expertos en biología marina, este programa revela los misterios que rodean a estas especies. Además, se destaca la importancia de conservar estos hábitats y las amenazas que enfrentan debido al cambio climático y la actividad humana. Aprender sobre estos seres extraordinarios no solo nos asombra, sino que también nos impulsa a reflexionar sobre la fragilidad de nuestros océanos. ¡Adéntrate en este viaje al corazón del océano y descubre la magia de los monstruos marinos!
Hashtags: #MonstruosDelMar, #VidaAcuatica, #DocumentalMarino
Keywords: criaturas marinas, peces extraños, monstruos del mar, evolución marina, biología marina, conservación de océanos, hábitats acuáticos, adaptación de especies, cambio climático, documental sobre océanos.
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00:00In the depths of the sea,
00:02lurk some of the strangest creatures on the planet.
00:09Scales and gills like they have never been seen before.
00:16The fish have colourful coral reefs
00:19and fight in suffocating mud caves.
00:23They roam the open sea
00:26and illuminate the darkest caves.
00:31500 million years of evolution
00:34have given rise to amazing adaptations.
00:40From monstrous mouths that chew sea urchins
00:43to strangers capable of breathing air.
00:47Some swim at surprising speeds,
00:50while others prefer to walk.
01:01And finally, we will meet a spectacular giant
01:04whose size and strength allow it to devour deadly prey.
01:09These are the most incredible fish in nature.
01:15Incredible fish.
01:1772% of our planet is covered by water,
01:20oceans, lakes, rivers and swamps.
01:40All fish are perfectly adapted
01:43to live in this impregnable aquatic world.
01:50But some do not live up to our expectations.
02:00The first is such an ancient fish
02:03that has not changed in more than 300 million years.
02:14This is a myxino.
02:16Its soft, velvety skin lacks scales
02:19to be able to slide through the bottom of the sea.
02:24It has a skull, but not a dorsal spine.
02:29Its body is made up of bones,
02:32but it does not have a spine.
02:36It has a long neck,
02:38but it does not have a spine.
02:42Its body is full of small holes.
02:46Some are for breathing, and others for drooling.
02:53But its most curious attribute is its mouth.
03:12This jawless cavity is perfect for crushing corpses.
03:20Multiple rows of sharp teeth function as a grinder.
03:41It is practically blind.
03:45With a large, unique nasal cavity,
03:48it captures the sweet aroma of decomposition.
03:53It is practically blind.
03:57With a large, unique nasal cavity,
04:00it captures the sweet aroma of decomposition.
04:05It is practically blind.
04:08With a large, unique nasal cavity,
04:11it captures the sweet aroma of decomposition.
04:24It has no fins,
04:26but its tail in the shape of a paddle
04:29allows it to swim easily.
04:38It has no fins,
04:40but its tail in the shape of a paddle
04:43allows it to swim easily.
04:48In order to keep other carriages at bay,
04:51the nixino excretes the water bubbles in abundance.
04:58A nixino can fill a jar of this kind of mucus
05:01almost instantly.
05:08Reinforced with fiber,
05:10it is stronger than most of the other bubbles that exist in nature.
05:17It obstructs the gills of predators.
05:25A shy shark catches one,
05:28but ends up with a mouth full of bubbles.
05:33In a matter of minutes,
05:35the nixino empties the body completely.
05:45It may take months
05:47before it finds another banquet like this.
05:58We leave this visual world
06:01and we are going to meet one of the fastest beings on the planet.
06:12The immense ocean is an empty runway,
06:18and a group of sailfish from the Atlantic is patrolling.
06:32To minimize resistance,
06:34when they chase the prey,
06:36the fins fold
06:39while a sharp sword pierces the water.
06:48The metallic shine and the change of color
06:50allow them to communicate in the middle of the hunt.
07:02A huge and retractable dorsal fin
07:05stabilizes the fish in sharp turns at high speed.
07:19They have made a stand in boxes to rest
07:23on the basis of sardines.
07:31The color and the black dorsal fins
07:34push the ball of fish to the surface.
07:42Their swords separate and stun the most unfortunate specimens.
08:01But hunting at 80 kilometers per hour is difficult in the cold.
08:05How does this speed freak manage
08:08not to lose sight of the group of fish?
08:36Between the eyes, just below the brain,
08:39there is a very specialized heating system,
08:42an eyeball heater.
08:46Here, the blood warms the eyes and the brain
08:49up to 15 degrees above the water temperature.
08:54The result?
08:56The ability to follow fast movements despite the cold water
08:59and the speeds of vertigo.
09:06This supervision turns the blurry silver fish
09:10into a high definition image in slow motion.
09:36The silver fish finishes all the ball of fish in minutes.
09:42Until the last sardine.
09:48These aerodynamic beasts are perfectly adapted
09:51for professional hunting,
09:54but they are not the only fish in the world.
09:58The shape is also important.
10:05In the sand dunes, there is a collection of rigid fish
10:08that look like blades of a knife.
10:15The silver fish is the only fish in the world
10:18that has the ability to swim.
10:21The silver fish is the only fish in the world
10:24that has the ability to swim.
10:45The razor fish.
10:49Its very thin bodies look like sea algae.
11:03Instead of scales,
11:06some hard body plates cover its flat anatomy.
11:18Its bodies are not flexible,
11:21but their fins are as soft as silk.
11:30As a defense, a sharp articulated pincer
11:33can cause damage to predators.
11:39For greater security,
11:42the razor fish move in groups.
11:49They are constantly inverted,
11:52for a good reason.
12:00They go to areas with food.
12:09They do not have teeth,
12:12they suck their prey.
12:18They do not have teeth,
12:21they suck their prey.
12:36But dinner can distract them.
12:49They are constantly moving.
13:02They are constantly moving.
13:10They are constantly moving.
13:18This sepia is a master of disguise.
13:48He is a master of disguise.
14:08Moving in a group offers some protection.
14:12But there are always some susceptible to be eaten.
14:18And this is not the case.
14:37From hyper-fast hunters and ultra-thin fish,
14:42let's see the crudest fish.
14:49In front of the coast of California,
14:53lives a fish 30 centimeters long,
14:57with a very bad character.
15:01It is the tubicola fish,
15:05also known as blench.
15:09The tubicola fish,
15:12is the tubicola fish,
15:16also known as blench.
15:23It lives in empty shells or in abandoned burrows.
15:29And it is territorial in the extreme.
15:32The additional joints allow this oversized mouth
15:36to open at the same time in a wave of aggressiveness.
15:53And the bigger the mouth, the bigger the fish.
16:03When the house is small for him, he goes out to look for another.
16:08And that's where the conflicts begin.
16:18His bad taste means that neither of the two times
16:22will know who is bigger until they meet in their mouths.
16:33And that's where the conflicts begin.
16:45The long fins and without cracks
16:49allow fast movements during the fight.
16:55While the winner claims his prize in the form of a house,
16:58the loser is left without a home.
17:07But while the tubicolas are intrepid fighters,
17:11others are flexible lovers.
17:17No one would say that this rare creature is a fish.
17:24The scientific name of the sea horses
17:28is actually a sea monster similar to a horse.
17:45They have no scales.
17:48On the contrary, their skin extends over bone plates.
17:53A small dorsal fin beats up to 70 times per second
17:56to push it forward.
18:00While the fins of the head guide it in the right direction.
18:07The prehensile tail clings to the grass,
18:11which is useful when you are not a very good swimmer.
18:15The sea horses have very good eyesight
18:19and their eyes function independently.
18:23They can look forward and backward at the same time.
18:44Their long snout ends up in a mouth that functions like a vacuum cleaner.
18:52Perfect for absorbing small tingles.
18:56They have a voracious appetite
19:00and eat up to 3,000 bites a day.
19:26They make a sound that is not like that of a normal horse.
19:30It is more like a kiss.
19:34They do it while they eat and during the ritual of courtship.
19:40They are monogamous.
19:44Some species mate for life.
19:48These companions are called the sea horses.
19:51They greet each other every day
19:55and when the time comes, they dance together.
20:09They greet each other to confirm that both are still alive
20:14and to synchronize their reproductive cycles.
20:22The female lays her eggs in the male's bag,
20:26similar to that of a kangaroo,
20:30where he fertilizes them and incubates them for two weeks.
20:34It is the only family of animals on the planet
20:38in which the male gives birth.
20:52The contractions can last up to 12 hours.
21:03A male can give birth to up to 2,000 young sea horses.
21:12Only one in every 1,000 will reach adulthood.
21:16This is not good news for these little sea monsters.
21:24While the sea horse dances to the cha-cha-cha,
21:28some fish barely know how to swim.
21:37The coral reefs house some of the strangest animals on the planet.
21:42Somewhere in this little piece of paradise,
21:46there is such a peculiar being that it is hard to believe that it is a fish.
21:50And it is hard to see it.
22:01The frogfish passes immobile through the coral reefs,
22:05but it is hard to see it.
22:11It swims for long periods of time
22:15and pumps water with its mouth through the gills.
22:23The gills are located behind the pectoral fins,
22:27which, curiously, look like feet.
22:36By manipulating its texture and color,
22:39it resembles one of the most common creatures on the reef,
22:43the sponge.
22:48But not all sponges are the same.
22:52That is why each frogfish adapts to mimic its environment.
23:01These fish spend so much time hugging the reef
23:05that they have a curious way of moving.
23:10They walk a lot,
23:14and most of the frogfish lack a swimming bladder,
23:18the bags full of gas or oil
23:22that help other fish to stay afloat.
23:40It is an ambush predator.
23:49It can open its mouth up to 12 times its usual size,
23:53which is perfect for swallowing anything,
23:57from a shrimp to another frogfish.
24:02The first spine of its dorsal fin
24:05has evolved into a false fin to attract its victims.
24:25For some, camouflage and patience are enough.
24:29These anemone fish ignore what awaits them.
24:52The trick of the frogfish is to hide itself
24:55so that no one can see it.
25:01But our next amazing fish has its own tricks.
25:14Extreme habitats require extreme survival measures.
25:20And from the darkest caves,
25:23strange adaptations come to light.
25:47The lantern fish has an ingenious way
25:50of illuminating its path in this dark underworld.
25:55Incorporated lanterns.
26:05Light is generated in a kidney-shaped organ,
26:09known as a photophore.
26:13An inverted eyelid exposes or covers the luminous organ
26:16as necessary, but the light is always on.
26:21At a microscopic level, millions of bioluminescent bacteria
26:25live in this specialized leather bag,
26:29pinned in tubes.
26:36The photophore produces enzymes that the bacteria eat
26:40to feed their lights.
26:43They get food, and the fish gets light,
26:47a perfect symbiotic relationship.
26:51Light attracts prey so that our lantern fish can feed.
26:56The light emitted by these fish is one of the brightest
27:00of all bioluminescent species,
27:04and they use a kind of Morse code to communicate with each other.
27:08In this world of whining and blinking,
27:12you have to make an effort to pass unnoticed.
27:16But it is better to illuminate the path
27:20than to stumble in the dark.
27:27While the lantern fish rejects the light of day,
27:31there is another that is so comfortable in the sun.
27:35In one of the most extreme habitats on earth,
27:39a place that goes from desert to flood twice a day,
27:43lives our next incredible fish.
28:05Here, good quality housing is in high demand,
28:09but this mud house is already occupied
28:18by a difficult fish to define.
28:27Unlike others, the mud fish spends most of its time on land.
28:35And it even breathes air.
28:47Some enlarged branchial chambers store air bubbles
28:51that close hermetically and create an air deposit.
28:55It also captures oxygen through the skin,
28:59but it must remain moist to survive.
29:05Its huge eyes move independently,
29:09and it can even see behind it.
29:14It has a better view of the land than of the water.
29:20Which is why it is called the mud fish.
29:34Which is perfect for detecting insects?
29:51When you spend so much time on land,
29:55you need specialized fins to move around.
29:59The pectoral fins push it forward like wheels,
30:02and join together like elbows,
30:06while the pelvic fins act like a perch,
30:10to keep it up when it stops.
30:15If you walk very slowly,
30:20try flying.
30:23A powerful tail throws it over the water.
30:53It attracts the females with its good presence,
30:57and the best mud territory.
31:02It defends its property against the male rivals.
31:23To close the deal,
31:27it shows its erect dorsal fin
31:31and hits the mud with its tail.
31:41But this female is not interested,
31:45and the mud fish is left alone and without a girlfriend.
31:49The mud fish is not the only one that breathes air.
31:58The harsh African winter has left the ground dry and cracked.
32:05But life is hidden under this desert landscape.
32:09The relief will come soon.
32:15The African catfish has been underground for months,
32:21and leaves its muddy hole to go back to its preferred place of residence.
32:38It has not eaten all winter.
32:47The long fins push its thin body through the water easily.
32:57The protuberances, similar to the moustache next to the mouth,
33:01are called chins, and it uses them to detect its prey.
33:04They are full of nervous endings and compensate for its bad eyesight.
33:35The African catfish is the largest fish in the world,
33:39and the largest in the world.
33:43It is the largest fish in the world,
33:47and the largest fish in the world.
33:51It is the largest fish in the world,
33:55and the largest fish in the world.
33:59It is the largest fish in the world,
34:02and the largest fish in the world.
34:26With its huge mouth, it swallows the tilapia,
34:29and its gills, so that it can fit in the gaznate.
34:37It will spend almost all summer getting fat,
34:41swallowing everything, from crabs and frogs,
34:45to larger fish and dead animals.
34:50But winter does not wait for anyone,
34:54and as the dry season approaches again,
34:57the puddles begin to run out of water.
35:09This is when the catfish really stands out.
35:14It has a special organ, just above the gills,
35:18that allows it to breathe air.
35:22Its strong tail pushes it forward,
35:25in search of deeper waters.
35:39It will continue to look for larger puddles,
35:43until they all dry up, and it has to return to the mud once more.
35:47We leave behind the puddles of fresh water,
35:51and return to the sea to meet a true monster.
36:09In the rocky reef that is under the forests,
36:12a strange face is lurking.
36:17The wolf eagle,
36:21known as the old man of the sea.
36:25This monstrosity can reach two and a half meters long,
36:29but despite its physiognomy, it is not a real eagle.
36:36Nor is it a human,
36:39nor is it a catfish.
36:43Tiny scales embedded in the skin
36:47give the fish an almost velvet-like appearance,
36:51while a viscous layer protects it from cuts,
36:55with the teethed rocks.
36:59A long and flat body allows it to get into narrow cracks,
37:03to hide from its prey, which is slowly approaching.
37:06Tasty sea urchins.
37:28The bulbous head has large jaws and muscles,
37:31which become sharp even the hardest shells and gills.
37:44The sharp front teeth cling to the prey,
37:48while the flat molars of the fish's throat crush and crush.
38:02The wolf eagle is not the only fish
38:06that has developed a bone-crushing mouth.
38:10The coasts of the world are covered with exotic beaches,
38:14but the beautiful white sand
38:18is nothing more than the crushed skeletons
38:22of the living organisms of the reef.
38:26And our next incredible fish
38:29is partly responsible for these exotic cemeteries.
38:35We present the parrotfish.
38:44Along with the taste for coral,
38:48it has developed the ultimate tool.
39:00A mouth similar to the beak of a parrot,
39:04made of fused teeth.
39:08This is a female.
39:12It is distinguished by the ruby-red edge.
39:16But in the absence of males,
39:20a dominant female can change sex
39:24and become a beautiful blue male.
39:29The parrotfish spends the day
39:33eating the algae that grow in the reef,
39:37and even bites the hard corals.
39:41The teeth of the throat crush the coral bone,
39:45and the fish digests the soft internal animals.
39:49This is a female.
39:53It has developed the ultimate tool.
39:56But the parrotfish cannot digest
40:00the skeletons of these beings.
40:04When the crushed bone ends its journey,
40:08sand comes out of the beach.
40:21The teeth of the parrotfish
40:24are constantly growing.
40:28Eating bone keeps the pearl white alive.
40:38Eating bones and excreting sand
40:42are not the only rarities of this fish.
40:46At nightfall,
40:49it makes its own sleeping bag with mucosa.
40:54When the mucosa erupts through the mouth and nose,
40:58the parrotfish creates a viscous cocoon around it.
41:02The sticky substance
41:06hides its aroma from predators,
41:10makes an alert system,
41:14and keeps parasites at bay.
41:25The parrotfish is a perfect example
41:29of how fish adapt to habitat and diet.
41:33Just like our next amazing creature,
41:37with a suction cup in its head.
41:45In the open sea,
41:48where some boats have found their last home,
41:51there is a fish that likes to go for a walk.
41:58These are remoras.
42:03They are sucking the steel of a shipwrecked.
42:10But it was only a short scale.
42:14They go to areas with more food.
42:27This fish has renounced the role of a guide
42:31of its dorsal fin.
42:35After all, if they take you, you don't need to drive.
42:39And this self-stopping car rides on giants.
42:44The remora takes a mouthful of food,
42:48but it is not able to swallow it.
42:56A curious suction cup at the top of its head
43:00is filled with sharks and rays,
43:04and free transport is added to the easy food.
43:07The remora takes a mouthful of the host's food
43:11and thus minimizes the energy expenditure.
43:15It is ingenious.
43:19The ventusa is actually a very modified dorsal fin.
43:23The edge of the disk is a carnivorous lip
43:27that makes it hermetic.
43:31And in the center,
43:33bones in the shape of lames called laminias
43:37form a series of rows that pivot like Venetian persians.
43:41Each laminia ends in spikes similar to the velcro
43:45that offer more grip.
43:49To be coupled, the laminias wave quickly
43:53and thus expel the water.
43:57Then they stand straight to create a gap between each row.
44:00The negative pressure suctions the remora towards its host
44:04while the tiny spikes create enough friction
44:08to counteract the resistance when the shark swims fast
44:12and allow the remora to go and come as it pleases.
44:20But it will hold on to its host whenever it benefits from the trip.
44:25And sometimes, these gorrons travel in pairs
44:29and sometimes, these gorrons travel in large groups.
44:43But our last incredible fish doesn't need to travel in pairs.
44:47In the deep blue sea of the Caribbean
44:51lives a shark that is big, fast, and oddly enough,
44:55with the weirdest head that exists.
45:00The hammerhead shark.
45:16This giant can measure more than 6 meters in length
45:20and weigh more than 400 kilograms.
45:24This body, which is pure muscle,
45:28pumps a gigantic tail that directs the shark in the water.
45:32Speed is not the only attribute of this aquatic torpedo.
45:36It is the speed at which the shark swims.
45:40It is the speed at which the shark swims.
45:43Speed is not the only attribute of this aquatic torpedo.
45:48It also has a lot of flexibility.
45:52The hammerhead shark can turn very closed corners without blinking.
45:57But its most curious feature is its almost extraterrestrial hammer.
46:02It is believed that the head helps it maintain stability while swimming,
46:07but in reality, it is designed to hunt in the ocean bed.
46:14In its huge mouth, rows of sharp teeth are aligned like blades.
46:27An eye on each side of the hammer provides it with a vertical vision of 360 degrees.
46:35But that's not all.
46:39Its hammer works like a metal detector
46:43and searches for hidden treasures in the sand.
46:49It is equipped with super-sensitive electroreceptors.
46:55They can capture the heartbeat of a human heart in kilometers.
47:00But this shark is not looking for people.
47:07It is hunting rays.
47:16The sharp venomous claw of the ray does not scare the great hammerhead shark.
47:22The ray does not go to war with the hammerhead shark.
47:32The hammerhead shark is a predator that hunts in the ocean bed.
47:39It's not a predator that hunts for food.
47:44But it is a predator that hunts for prey.
47:48The line cannot hide from the power of the hammer.
48:48While making pieces of the line, this shark is crowned as the most incredible fish.
49:04Our collection of fascinating fish breaks all the molds.
49:19From viscose drooling balls, to bone-crushing jaws,
49:25or mud fighters that breathe air, and elegant dancers,
49:32some use lures, or dorsal sails, and flashes of light.
49:39They dive, and fly, and also walk.
49:49And we have just begun to explore this aquatic kingdom,
49:53home of the most incredible fish in nature.