Pourquoi les Mousses Sont les Super-Héroïnes du Monde Végétal

Sympa

Les mousses sont comme les héros méconnus du monde végétal. Elles peuvent survivre dans des conditions extrêmes, des déserts à l'Arctique, ce qui les rend incroyablement résistantes. Les mousses aident à prévenir l'érosion des sols en retenant la terre avec leurs minuscules racines. Elles absorbent également des tonnes de dioxyde de carbone, contribuant ainsi à lutter contre le changement climatique. En plus, elles créent des tapis luxuriants et verts qui rendent les forêts et les jardins magiques !  Animation créée par Sympa. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com   Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna​ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nos réseaux sociaux : Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/  Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres): https://www.depositphotos.com https://www.shutterstock.com https://www.eastnews.ru ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:  http://sympa-sympa.com

Transcript

00:00The majestic trees and the colourful flowers need to make some room,

00:05because an unknown hero of the plant world emerges from the shadows.

00:09Foam, this humble green carpet of nature, must not be underestimated.

00:14In a new study, scientists have finally uncovered the secret of foam,

00:18and have revealed the crucial importance of these little botanical wonders for the ecosystems of the globe.

00:24Researchers have explored more than a hundred sites across eight different ecosystems

00:29during an expedition in search of foam that would have made Indiana Jones want to live.

00:34They discovered that the latter covered an amazing surface of 9.4 million square kilometres,

00:40equivalent to that of Canada.

00:43So, what makes these foams so unique?

00:46To begin with, they do not have the sophisticated plumbing system that ordinary plants have.

00:52Instead, they survive by skillfully absorbing the water from the atmosphere,

00:57behaving like small natural sponges.

01:01Some foams, especially those of the arid regions of Australia, have mastered the art of survival.

01:07When conditions become difficult and water becomes scarce, they do not perish like other plants.

01:13Instead, they fold into a compact ball and enter a suspended state of animation,

01:19similar to hibernation.

01:22Scientists have even studied foams that remained in a ball for a century.

01:28By offering them a few drops of water, they regain life, defying the principles of plant decomposition.

01:35But what is their impact on the environment?

01:38These super-heroines in green glue play an essential role in the cycle of nutrients,

01:43providing valuable help through elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and organic materials.

01:49Foam soils, compared to those without foam in the study, were much more fertile.

01:55Foams manage nutrients very effectively and store enormous amounts of carbon,

02:00which would otherwise contribute to the greenhouse effect.

02:04But here is the icing on the cake.

02:06Foams are also excellent at repelling unwanted pathogenic agents.

02:11Scientists have discovered that areas covered in foam have less potential diseases than plants in their soil.

02:17Now let's talk about the landscape skills of foam.

02:20These plants with overgrown roots act like the natural architects of the soil,

02:25maintaining everything together like a huge construction team.

02:29Their shallow roots create a stable surface that allows a wide variety of plants to thrive,

02:34thus favoring the emergence of complex ecological systems

02:38In places where trees are not allowed to grow, such as deserts and tundras,

02:43it is the foams that take over.

02:46These resilient organisms dominate the harsh environments,

02:49bringing life and diversity where trees do not even dare to venture.

02:54The densest foams create luxuriant carpets and lawns

02:57that enrich the soils and ecosystems of these apparently inhospitable regions.

03:03There is one last asset left in the sleeve of our foams.

03:06After major disturbances, such as volcanic eruptions that leave the soil sterile and desolate,

03:12guess who is the first to come back?

03:15Alongside cyanobacteria and resilient algae,

03:18the foams quickly colonize the devastated landscape,

03:21starting the regeneration process.

03:24Some foams are also true magicians of light.

03:28They can quickly adapt to low-light conditions and even grow in caves.

03:34A particular species, the Schistostega pennata,

03:38is nicknamed the dragon's gold.

03:41This foam offers a dazzling spectacle, shining with a sparkling emerald green.

03:46How does it manage to be so bright, you ask?

03:49First of all, thanks to the protonema,

03:52these amazing filiform structures that germinate from a foam spore.

03:56Inside these little wonders, special cells regroup

04:00to absorb each available ray of light.

04:03And as if that were not enough,

04:05some cells in the form of lenses accentuate this effect by concentrating the light.

04:10And it really shines.

04:12When the light is reflected, it creates this dazzling green glow,

04:16like a true pyrotechnic spectacle of nature.

04:19It is so incredible that some people in Japan

04:22even decided to make this plant a natural monument.

04:26The foams do not just make the caves magical.

04:29They also make remarkable habitats for fascinating creatures.

04:33Let's take, for example, the punctuated turtles of Ontario, Canada.

04:37When winter strikes with its icy fury

04:40and temperatures drop to incredibly low levels,

04:43these turtles nest under a type of foam called sphagnum.

04:47Fortunately, you do not need to travel to Canada

04:50to see these incredible foams in action.

04:53You can also find them in the United Kingdom,

04:55where they form spongy carpets covering the soil of lands and swamps.

04:59A study focused on the evolution of plants

05:02reveals that the foams were the very first plants on Earth.

05:06At least technically speaking.

05:08At that time, the Earth was a bald planet,

05:11devoid of any lush vegetation.

05:14No shrubs, no trees,

05:16not even a sprig of grass to break the monotony.

05:19Initially, scientists thought that the first plants

05:23to venture on land were simple organisms.

05:26However, these new researches upset this conception.

05:30It turns out that the first foams were far from being basic,

05:33and were in fact quite complex.

05:36In the midst of this extended desolation,

05:38these amazing plants, namely foams,

05:41anthoceroses and hepatites,

05:43have proven to be the true pioneers of plant life on Earth.

05:47You may think,

05:50But wait,

05:51aren't hepatites those sticky and spongy things

05:54that I find in my garden after an aversion?

05:57Well, yes,

05:58but don't be fooled by their modest appearance.

06:02Although some consider foam to be a harm in terms of gardening,

06:06it can actually be a fantastic addition to your outdoor oasis.

06:11The best thing about having a foamy garden,

06:13you have total control over its appearance,

06:16because you can grow foam as a base,

06:19hang it on a ledge,

06:20or even grow it on rocks for an authentic tropical forest atmosphere.

06:25You can also bring foam inside by growing it in containers,

06:29terrariums,

06:30or on plant walls.

06:32Before diving into the foam culture,

06:35let's talk about the different types you can take advantage of.

06:39There is the acrocarp foam, which grows vertically

06:42and has cute little stems that glow like fireworks.

06:46It is delicate,

06:47so be careful not to disturb it or walk on it.

06:51On the other hand,

06:52there is the pleurocarp foam,

06:54which looks more like a fern and spreads out more,

06:58like a comfortable carpet.

07:00This one can withstand a little more passage

07:02and external disturbances.

07:06Why choose foam rather than other types of plants?

07:09Well, first of all,

07:10it requires little maintenance.

07:12Say goodbye to these endless hours spent watering

07:15and maintaining your garden.

07:17Foam can survive for months without water,

07:20and even if it dries up,

07:21it usually comes back to life on its own.

07:24Unlike other plants that absorb a lot of water

07:26and depend on fertilizers,

07:28foam is content with little humidity

07:30and does not need chemical products to thrive.

07:34Thus,

07:35not only will you save water,

07:37but you will also prevent harmful substances

07:39from infiltrating the soil.

07:41Foam is also a natural air purifier.

07:44When it is grown indoors,

07:46it acts like a biofiltration system,

07:49absorbing harmful particles,

07:51turning them into pure air

07:53and then releasing them into your living space.

07:56Now that you are convinced of the wonders of foam,

07:59let's talk about the right time to grow it.

08:02The best time to grow foam is early spring,

08:05when the sun's rays reach a lower angle

08:08and the ground is still wet from the rain and snow of winter.

08:11For the culture of foam indoors,

08:13the choice is yours.

08:15Just make sure to provide your foam

08:17with a little sunlight and water

08:19and regulate the temperature of your home.

08:22This can be a little tricky

08:24depending on the location of your house

08:26or the amount of sunlight available.

08:28But don't worry,

08:29with a little planning and effort,

08:31you can create the ideal environment

08:33for your foam to thrive indoors.

08:36And let's not forget the wonderful world of terrariums.

08:39If you want to create your own miniature foamy landscape,

08:42a terrarium is what you need.

08:44All you need is a glass container,

08:47a few pebbles,

08:48a pinch of granulated coal,

08:50soil and a piece of foam mat.

08:53And above all,

08:54remember to avoid rolling stones.

08:56They don't pile up.

08:57Well, you know.

Category

Transcript

Recommended