Rocks are generally categorized into three main types based on how they are formed:Igneous Rocks: Formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Examples include granite, basalt, and obsidian.Sedimentary Rocks: Formed from the deposition and solidification of sediment, which can include minerals, organic matter, and other materials. Examples include limestone, sandstone, and shale.Metamorphic Rocks: Formed from the alteration of existing rock types (igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks) due to high heat, pressure, or chemical processes. Examples include marble (from limestone) and slate (from shale).
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00:00Today's topic will be about ROCKS. We will define ROCKS and discuss its basic types.
00:10So, let's go to the topic ROCKS.
00:18Let's define what is ROCKS.
00:20ROCKS is a naturally occurring substance, either organic or inorganic origin,
00:38that forms our planetary crust.
00:50All these categories are necessary to define ROCKS.
01:07It should be either naturally occurring, organic or inorganic origin,
01:13and it should be formed by our Earth, that is ROCKS.
01:18The question is, is there any difference between mineral and ROCKS?
01:33Yes, there is a difference.
01:35Mineral basically has a special characteristic,
01:40it has a special atomic structure, physical and chemical composition.
01:45But when we talk about ROCKS, ROCKS is basically a mixture of two or more minerals.
01:53These different minerals together define ROCKS.
01:57But mineral itself has a specific characteristic, physical, chemical and specific atomic structure.
02:03This is the only question that is asked, except that diamond is ROCKS and mineral.
02:07So, diamond is a mineral.
02:10Let's move on to our next topic, TYPES.
02:13We have defined ROCKS.
02:15ROCKS is basically any naturally formed mineral matter, inorganic or organic origin,
02:21that forms our planetary crust, is called a ROCKS.
02:24There are many types of ROCKS.
02:27If we talk about our planetary crust, the most ROCKS in it,
02:31if we talk about the proportion, the most ROCKS is in the form of oxygen or in the form of oxides,
02:37that is 46.6%.
02:39If we talk about the element of oxides,
02:41so oxygen is basically 46.6% in ROCKS.
02:45Similarly, in the second number, we get silicon, which is 27.7%,
02:49and in the third number, we get aluminum, 8.1%,
02:52and in the fourth, we get iron, 5%.
02:55So, this is the category that we get in our planetary crust.
03:00Now, let's move on to TYPES.
03:02What are the types that we have?
03:07Basically, ROCKS can be divided into three major types.
03:11First of all, it is a primary ROCK.
03:13There are categories of it.
03:17But now, basically,
03:18because it has more area-wise sediment ROCKS,
03:23so we will make it a separate category.
03:25That is, in the first number, we have igneous ROCKS.
03:31In the second number, we have sedimentary ROCKS.
03:38And in the third number, we have basic type ROCKS,
03:40that is metamorphic ROCKS.
03:46Okay, students.
03:47Now, we will define each ROCK step-by-step.
03:52Let's also discuss its further types.
03:54If we talk about igneous ROCKS.
03:56So, igneous ROCKS are basically
03:58those ROCKS that are formed when magma or lava is cooled and solidified.
04:05So, basically, these ROCKS are formed when magma or lava is cooled and solidified.
04:15So, now we can say that when our origin of earth was happening,
04:18at that time, the ROCKS that were formed due to magma or lava were all igneous.
04:23And even now, by nature,
04:25when lava or magma erupts naturally,
04:29whether it is on the surface or beneath the surface,
04:32the ROCKS that are formed are also igneous ROCKS.
04:35Okay, students.
04:36So, if we divide it, we get its further categories.
04:39That is, the first one is intrusive ROCKS.
04:45Intrusive ROCKS.
04:48The second category is hyperbolic ROCKS.
04:54Hyperbolic ROCKS.
04:56And the third category is exclusive ROCKS.
05:03Okay, students.
05:04So, we will make three further categories of igneous ROCKS.
05:08The first one is intrusive ROCKS.
05:09The process is the same for all three.
05:11That is, it will be formed when magma is solidified.
05:13But their position is different.
05:15That is, the intrusive ROCKS are formed very beneath the surface of the earth.
05:19That is, in the depth of the earth,
05:21or below the surface of the earth,
05:24they solidify.
05:26That type of ROCK is called intrusive igneous ROCKS.
05:30Okay.
05:31The second category is such ROCKS,
05:33when the process starts,
05:35that is, magma starts moving beneath the earth
05:38due to the pressure generated below.
05:40So, as the pressure is generated,
05:42the movement towards the earth's surface comes.
05:44But as it comes on the way,
05:46it cools down and solidifies.
05:48So, it stays in the different joints of the earth.
05:52So, the ROCKS that we get by solidifying in this way
05:55are hyperbolic ROCKS.
05:58Hyperbolic igneous ROCKS.
06:00Usually such ROCKS,
06:01which are very near to the surface,
06:03but beneath the surface of the earth.
06:06The third category we have is extrusive ROCKS.
06:08Such ROCKS, which cross the surface.
06:10That is, the volcano erupts.
06:12And after the eruption,
06:13the surface of the earth starts melting.
06:15Or it solidifies there.
06:17So, the ROCKS that we get in this way,
06:18that is the extrusive ROCKS.
06:20If you go towards this example,
06:22the most important example of intrusive ROCKS is Granite.
06:27Okay. Granite is also an important example.
06:29Intrusive ROCKS.
06:30In the same way, when we talk about hyperbolic ROCKS,
06:32we get different shapes.
06:33You can ask any question.
06:34That shape is made in this way.
06:36The angle, the shape,
06:38in which it is solidified in the structure,
06:40its structure has a specific name.
06:42For example, it is SIL.
06:44It is DIKE.
06:46It is LOCOLITH.
06:49It is LOCOLITH.
06:51Okay.
06:52So, basically,
06:53in which angle,
06:54in which structure it will solidify,
06:56these are basically the names of those shapes.
06:57Okay.
06:58So, the third we have is the EXTRUSIVE ROCKS.
07:00So, Lava Basalt,
07:02Lava,
07:04we have a specific example of EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS.
07:08Okay.
07:09So, we have made three further subcategories of IGNEOUS ROCKS.
07:12And we have explained them further.
07:14Next, we have the ROCKS that we get.