Travel Secrets That Will Upgrade Your Trip for Free

Bright Side

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Transcript

00:00:00If you're going on vacation, I'm sure you forgot to pack a couple of useful items, like a crayon or a pillowcase.

00:00:06I have collected the best travel tips for your ultimate vacation.

00:00:10You should carefully think about when you are planning to go somewhere.

00:00:13In case you have some kind of flexibility, just forget about going on a trip in July.

00:00:17You don't need to travel during the busy season. It's too expensive and there are way too many people.

00:00:22The best time to travel is during the shoulder season, which is between the high and low seasons.

00:00:27In Greece, for example, it's April and May, in September-October.

00:00:31The weather is already or still great, but there are fewer people and the accommodation is way cheaper.

00:00:37When searching for flights, always do it in incognito mode.

00:00:41If you do it in the regular mode, the saved cookie files will track your searches

00:00:45and cheaper flights will be less likely to pop up since you've been searching for a while.

00:00:49Don't give yourself away. Always go incognito.

00:00:53Another trick is to pick a different home country and currency, the one with a better exchange rate.

00:00:58This way you can buy tickets in different currencies that will be way cheaper.

00:01:02Next, when buying the ticket, make a flyer account, no matter the airline you travel with.

00:01:07Airlines gift you miles and when enough, you can get a free flight.

00:01:11Even if you travel with different airlines, there is no need to miss out on an opportunity.

00:01:15And yes, don't dispose of your plane ticket after the trip,

00:01:18until you saw that your miles were posted on your flyer account.

00:01:21Also, if you ever need to cancel a non-refundable ticket, just don't cancel it and don't show up.

00:01:26In case something happens and the flight gets cancelled,

00:01:29you will get your money back because no one knew you weren't going to fly anyways.

00:01:33As for picking the seats, if you fly with someone, don't pick the seats next to each other.

00:01:38Keep the middle seat between you and there will be a higher probability

00:01:41that it won't be booked unless the plane is full.

00:01:44If you're lucky, you'll have three seats for the two of you.

00:01:47But if you end up getting a neighbor, you can just ask them to switch seats with you

00:01:50so that one of you can sit next to each other with whoever you're traveling with.

00:01:54Most people will be happy to switch.

00:01:57If you have a long layover, use it to your advantage.

00:02:00Six hours layovers aren't cool.

00:02:02Too long to chill in the airport but too short to get out.

00:02:05In this case, better opt for longer layovers and use them to explore the city before your next flight.

00:02:11If you're booking a hotel, always join their loyalty program.

00:02:14Just like with plane tickets, it won't hurt.

00:02:17But you will still be treated like a special guest.

00:02:20Also, when checking in, ask for an opportunity for an upgrade.

00:02:23You can get a better room for the same price

00:02:25and always make sure to let the hotel know if there's any special occasion.

00:02:29Like a honeymoon, anniversary, birthday or anything.

00:02:32You'll probably end up with some nice perks from the hotel staff.

00:02:35Even though websites for hotel search are cool to use,

00:02:38once you pick the hotel, just call them directly for booking.

00:02:42Websites take fees for posting offers, so everything that appears there will be more expensive.

00:02:47Call the hotel directly to book a room and you'll get it for cheaper.

00:02:50But don't feel limited by hotels.

00:02:52Airbnbs are a great option and often you can get luxurious places for cheap.

00:02:57Also, if you don't mind hostels, they can be fun too.

00:03:00You can meet and befriend travelers from other countries.

00:03:03And maybe you can even stay at their place if you ever go to their country.

00:03:07Now off to packing.

00:03:09First off, always make a packing checklist and keep it on your phone.

00:03:13It's hard to remember everything you need right away.

00:03:15So put together the list in a couple of days and add another item as soon as you remember it.

00:03:20This way you don't forget anything important when packing.

00:03:24To fit more stuff in your suitcase, roll your clothes.

00:03:27This way they take way less space.

00:03:29Roll all the shampoos and other things that can spill over in a shower cap.

00:03:33This way, even if something explodes, everything inside will still be protected.

00:03:38Also, use packing cubes.

00:03:40They help to organize everything and save a lot of space.

00:03:43Learn to organize your stuff efficiently.

00:03:45A tic-tac box can be a good storage for bobby pins.

00:03:48And they'll all be in place.

00:03:50Use a carbine to keep all hair ties together.

00:03:53Have you packed a pillowcase? You should.

00:03:55It doesn't take much space, but in case you get uncomfortable when traveling,

00:03:59you can just stock the pillowcase with some clothes.

00:04:01Voila! You got yourself a pillow.

00:04:04Also, put a dryer sheet inside your suitcase.

00:04:07This way your clothes will smell nice, even on long trips.

00:04:10Don't forget to make a copy of your passport and carry it in your wallet just in case.

00:04:15And you can also have a scanned copy of it on the cloud.

00:04:18Another good item to keep is a power bank.

00:04:20Those outlets in airports and airplanes don't always work.

00:04:23Also, get a crayon.

00:04:25It'll be handy if you need to write something down.

00:04:28Pens don't work well in planes because of the air pressure, and pencils break.

00:04:32A crayon will always be there for you.

00:04:35Also, a clothespin is another little thing you might want to have.

00:04:38You know when you arrive and want to keep your toothbrush from touching any counters?

00:04:42If you attach the pin to it, it can serve as a stand.

00:04:46Another little but useful thing is a bread clip.

00:04:49Those serve so many purposes.

00:04:51You can use it as a bookmark, attach it to the end of the tape roll,

00:04:54or keep in place your rolled cords in.

00:04:57But most importantly, they are a must for your flip-flops.

00:05:00The V-shaped part often comes out through it.

00:05:03To avoid it, just slip the bread clip underneath the bottom.

00:05:06It'll serve as a plug stopper, and your flip-flops will last.

00:05:09What to wear? Of course, comfort is the first priority.

00:05:13Sweatpants and leggings are way more comfortable than jeans.

00:05:16A comfy jacket will ensure you don't get cold.

00:05:19A fringe scarf is nice to have, too.

00:05:21They're fancy, and they turn into a cover.

00:05:23Also, make sure you're wearing compression socks.

00:05:26They will spare you from feeling swollen during the trip.

00:05:29Another important part of your outfit could be noise-canceling headphones.

00:05:32They will be a game-changer if there happens to be a screaming little human on the plane.

00:05:37And an ultimate trick, mark your luggage as fragile, even if there's nothing fragile in there.

00:05:42This way, it'll be treated better, and your luggage will come out in the first batch after the flight.

00:05:47Most people either sleep or surf their phones while traveling.

00:05:51But some travelers can even play board games.

00:05:53But if you need to roll a dice, here comes a problem.

00:05:56If you roll it not carefully enough, you might end up either losing it

00:05:59or crawling under the seats looking for it, which is inconvenient.

00:06:03Just keep the dice in a little transparent plastic container.

00:06:06Then shake the container and see what you got.

00:06:09To find cool places to visit, go on social media.

00:06:12Check out photos and videos people post from your location.

00:06:15And go to any place that caught your attention.

00:06:18Pickpockets are definitely a thing.

00:06:20But there is a trick.

00:06:22Just make your valuables less attractive to them.

00:06:24Do you have an expensive camera?

00:06:26Put some tape on it as if you fixed it.

00:06:28And the pickpockets will think that it's broken.

00:06:30Do the same with your phone and laptops and whatever else you don't want to be stolen.

00:06:34Have you ever ended up with a bunch of foreign coins after your trip that are totally useless?

00:06:40Some coins and bills are cool to keep from trips as souvenirs.

00:06:43But too much is too bothersome.

00:06:45To avoid it, just donate your leftover coins before you leave the country.

00:06:49A good deed and also less weight in your pockets on your way home.

00:06:54Are the letters SSSS on your boarding pass a reason to worry?

00:07:00What's much more dangerous than turbulence?

00:07:03Should you really be the first to board the plane?

00:07:06You're about to figure it out.

00:07:11You might have noticed that most planes have blue seats.

00:07:14There's no mystery here.

00:07:16Airlines opt for this color because it's considered to have a calming effect.

00:07:21This color supposedly puts passengers at ease and helps even the most nervous flyers to relax.

00:07:27But there's also another, more practical reason.

00:07:30Stains, dirt and scrapes are less visible on dark blue fabric.

00:07:37Never throw your boarding pass away in a public place.

00:07:40It contains tons of your sensitive information including your name and frequent flyer number.

00:07:45This in turn may allow someone else to check your future bookings,

00:07:49change your seat or even cancel your flights.

00:07:54So the best way to deal with a boarding pass for a flight you've already boarded

00:07:58is to take it home and feed it through a paper shredder.

00:08:02By the way, if you ever see the letters SSSS or S on your boarding pass,

00:08:08get ready for additional security checks.

00:08:11Instead of these letters, there may be a checkerboard pattern.

00:08:14Anyway, if you have any of these marks, your carry-on luggage can also undergo a thorough inspection.

00:08:21Why might they choose you for secondary screening?

00:08:24Some of the criteria are making a one-way reservation or paying cash for your ticket.

00:08:29In some cases, the selection is absolutely random.

00:08:34Look, your gate is open and the boarding has started.

00:08:37Wait, where are you running? There's no need to hurry.

00:08:41The trick experienced globetrotters use is always board last.

00:08:45For one thing, you don't have to waste time standing in line.

00:08:49Then, there are fewer people on the jetway and in the aisle, and you spend less time on the plane.

00:08:54No one is going to take your seat anyway.

00:08:58There's one exception though.

00:08:59If you have a bulky carry-on bag, it may make more sense not to board last.

00:09:04Otherwise, the chances are high that all the overhead bin space will be occupied by the time you reach your seat.

00:09:10And then, your bag may end up in another part of the plane,

00:09:13and you'll have to wait till the other passengers disembark before you get to your luggage.

00:09:18Duh!

00:09:20Before take-off and landing, flight attendants usually flip a small switch on the bathroom door.

00:09:25This prevents it from flying open when it's not supposed to.

00:09:28With the same ease, a flight attendant can open the door when someone is inside.

00:09:33Look, they only need to lift the lavatory sign and move the knob into the unlocked position.

00:09:40Pilots don't worry about turbulence.

00:09:42That's because they know that there is a thing way more dangerous than any turbulence.

00:09:46It's an updraft.

00:09:48In most cases, turbulence only drops you a couple of feet down,

00:09:52even though it might feel as if you're falling from the top of the Empire State Building.

00:09:57If the turbulence is strong enough for the pilots to ask flight attendants to sit down,

00:10:01the plane can go 10 to 20 feet down.

00:10:04The most extreme white-knuckle turbulence is super rare.

00:10:09But an updraft is a big air mass, part of a storm or some other weather phenomenon moving upwards.

00:10:16Pilots don't see updrafts on their radars at night,

00:10:19and when a plane hits one, it feels like driving over a huge speed bump at 500 miles per hour.

00:10:25An updraft is also extremely treacherous because it can push an aircraft upward to dangerous altitudes.

00:10:33Modern planes have a special system that detects other aircraft, mountains,

00:10:38and different solid objects in their path.

00:10:4110 miles away from another plane, and a voice in the cockpit starts chanting,

00:10:45Traffic! Traffic!

00:10:475 miles closer, and the same voice begins to give pilots the directions.

00:10:53Airplanes can operate with one engine, even during takeoff and landing.

00:10:59Both engines failing simultaneously is almost unheard of.

00:11:03But even then, a plane wouldn't drop from the sky like a rock.

00:11:07Pilots would have up to 20 minutes to find a suitable place to land.

00:11:12The way the cabin is pressurized has a great effect on your taste buds.

00:11:16You lose up to 30% of your ability to taste sweet and salty things.

00:11:21In other words, it's not that airplane food isn't tasty, you just don't feel its flavor.

00:11:27That's also the main reason why airline catering companies add extra salt and spices to the dishes they cook.

00:11:35But you know what may help you? Noise-canceling earphones.

00:11:39For some reason, that probably has a scientific explanation.

00:11:42Cutting off all that noise around can help your taste buds.

00:11:47Each of those dings you hear during the flight has its own meaning.

00:11:51In most airlines, a boing soon after takeoff indicates that the landing gear is getting retracted.

00:11:57Three dings in a row means more urgency than just one.

00:12:01A high-low ringtone informs crew members that their colleague needs them in another part of the plane.

00:12:07Three low chimes means some serious turbulence ahead.

00:12:11Crew members are supposed to put away meal cards, take their seats, and fasten their seatbelts.

00:12:18If you're a nervous flyer, pick a seat in the middle of the cabin.

00:12:21Turbulence mostly affects the front and rear parts of the cabin.

00:12:25The middle section, which is over the wings, doesn't shake so much.

00:12:31Pilots and co-pilots eat different meals.

00:12:33The reason for this precaution is very simple.

00:12:36Imagine both pilots having the same dish and getting food poisoning.

00:12:40In this case, neither of them will be able to control the plane.

00:12:45If they still want to have the same dish and won't agree to have anything else, there is a safety net.

00:12:51Pilots don't have their meals at the same time.

00:12:54If one pilot ate the dish and still feels okay several hours later, the other pilot can brave their meal as well.

00:13:01What would you say when asked about the filthiest place on a plane?

00:13:05Nope, that's not the toilet seat. It's not even in the bathroom.

00:13:10Flight attendants warn that you should be particularly careful with headrests, seat pockets, tray tables, and seatbelts.

00:13:18Experiments have shown that one-third of all seatbelts have yeast and mold on them.

00:13:23Most tray tables are covered with bacteria.

00:13:27Seat pockets are extremely filthy too, but headrests are the dirtiest of them all.

00:13:32In most cases, flight attendants don't have enough time to change or disinfect them in between flights.

00:13:40If your captain announces they're finishing some paperwork, it means they're busy revising the flight itinerary or waiting for the ground staff to prepare the flight logbook.

00:13:51That's a journal that contains the official record of a journey.

00:13:55Some places, especially those flying long distances, have secret bedrooms for crew members to catch some shut-eye.

00:14:02These bedrooms, called crew rest compartments, are located either at the back of the plane or behind the cockpit.

00:14:09Such a compartment can have up to 10 comfortable beds where flight attendants can have a rest.

00:14:15Plane windows are made of super strong plexiglass that can easily cope with high speeds.

00:14:21And the window panes are shaped in a special way so that the high pressure inside the cabin pushes them against the aircraft body.

00:14:28In other words, plane windows are very unlikely to get broken.

00:14:34Once upon a time, plane windows were square, but the pressure built up in the corners of such windows, making them ultimate weak spots.

00:14:43This means that each square window had four weak spots.

00:14:47This made them likely to crash under the enormous stress of high altitudes.

00:14:52Luckily, making airplane windows curved solved this problem once and forever.

00:14:56Such a shape distributes the pressure and reduces the likelihood of cracks or any other damage.

00:15:02Planes regularly get struck by lightning, at least once a year or once per 1,000 hours of flight time.

00:15:09These days, it's totally safe.

00:15:12The electric charge simply runs through the aircraft's aluminum shell.

00:15:16It doesn't cause the plane any damage.

00:15:19But did you know that airplanes not only get hit by lightning, but they also trigger it?

00:15:24When an aircraft is flying through a cloud, the friction between its fuselage and the air creates static electricity.

00:15:32Sometimes, it can cause lightning.

00:15:36Most airports are equipped with giant kitchens where the food for passengers is prepared for different airlines at once.

00:15:43Since those oh-so-delightful airplane meals must be cooked about 6 to 10 hours prior to the flight,

00:15:49the kitchens have to work 24-7.

00:15:52Besides, the menu for your flight is developed up to a year in advance.

00:15:57This is a common practice for most airlines because every single ingredient matters and adds to expenses.

00:16:04In fact, American Airlines managed to save $40,000 per year in 1987

00:16:10after they removed just one olive from every salad they served on their flights.

00:16:14If you have a long layover between flights, going to the nearest hotel to rest might not be the cheapest option.

00:16:21There's a much better trick.

00:16:23Check if the airport or airline sells 24-hour access to the VIP lounge zone.

00:16:29In most cases, you can have free snacks and drinks there

00:16:33and use free shower cabins and rooms for rest at a very affordable price.

00:16:38There's an actual term for the free lounge zone.

00:16:42There's an actual term for the first 60 minutes after you check in – the golden hour.

00:16:48It's the time that passengers statistically spend more money in retail and duty-free areas of the airport.

00:16:54And, having the most comfortable seats in those areas right in front of the shops

00:16:59is a clever trick to lure you in for shopping.

00:17:02Sitting in a comfy chair while looking at a flashy sign or shopping window can be tempting.

00:17:08If you ever wanted to know what happens to your baggage while you're on board a plane,

00:17:13the short answer is that airport staff don't know once it leaves their territory.

00:17:18And they probably don't really care. Sorry!

00:17:21Baggage is sorted automatically.

00:17:24Scanners scan the barcode and sort the baggage according to its destination.

00:17:28The three main tasks of airport baggage handlers are to move your bags from the check-in area to the gate,

00:17:34to move them from one gate to another when you have a connection,

00:17:38and to move your bags from the plane to the baggage claim area.

00:17:43And that's it!

00:17:45So, if your baggage doesn't move fast enough, it can be late for your connecting flight.

00:17:50Or, the exact opposite.

00:17:52Your bag gets to your destination before you do because you're stuck at passport control.

00:17:57Another problem can arise if you forget to tear off any old stickers showing a different destination

00:18:03In this case, the scanner might send your baggage to the wrong country.

00:18:08You arrive at the airport, already anticipating a couple weeks away from work and all your daily troubles.

00:18:15Park your car in the lot and then find out that it's going to cost you a small fortune to leave your car there.

00:18:21Why so much?

00:18:23In fact, airport parking lots are a business just like any other.

00:18:27The land on which they're built, the construction of the lot itself,

00:18:30the maintenance of the whole thing once it's already in operation.

00:18:34All that costs a handsome amount of money.

00:18:37And somebody's got to pay for it, of course.

00:18:40In addition, parking right next to an airport is simply convenient, which adds to the final cost.

00:18:46If you're not ready to dip into your pocket for a piece of extra comfort, better take a cab.

00:18:52Contrails, those white trails airplanes often leave behind them at high altitudes,

00:18:57are easily mistaken for engine exhaust.

00:19:01But most are nothing more than water vapor.

00:19:04During a flight, moisture in the air collects in the engines before being vented with the exhaust.

00:19:09The hot, wet air leaving the engines mixes with the cool, dry air found at high altitudes,

00:19:16resulting in long, thin lines of vapor.

00:19:19Humidity determines when contrails form and how long they remain visible.

00:19:24If it's already humid up there, then there's more water and the contrail is more prominent.

00:19:29And if it's cold, the droplets might turn into ice, staying behind for a much longer time.

00:19:36If someone were able to open the door mid-flight,

00:19:39they would be immediately pulled out of the plane by a sudden change in air pressure.

00:19:44It could also do serious harm to the aircraft.

00:19:47Fortunately, that's almost impossible.

00:19:49The doors on an airliner open inward while the cabin pressure pushes them out from the inside.

00:19:55The difference between internal and external pressure makes it impossible for the door to open.

00:20:02It might seem odd that the flight crew cares whether your window shades are up or down.

00:20:08The main reason is so that the passengers' eyes can adjust to the outside light.

00:20:12Mostly, it's just a matter of getting people on and off quickly.

00:20:16But in an emergency, the last thing they want is people stopping to blink before they evacuate the plane.

00:20:23Another reason for all the shades to stay up when the airplane is about to take off or land

00:20:28is for the ground crew to see if there's any trouble on board.

00:20:32For example, if there's a fire in the cabin, the ground crew will immediately notice it and act accordingly.

00:20:39If the shades are down, they might lose precious time they would need to rescue the passengers and the airplane crew.

00:20:45Ever notice the numbers on the end of the runway?

00:20:49They're actually used to show the pilot which direction the plane is facing.

00:20:53For example, the number 36 is short for a heading of 360 degrees or due north.

00:21:00Along with numbers, the letters R and L indicate if the nearest runway is to the right or left.

00:21:08Every commercial airplane you've been on has only one wing.

00:21:11That's right, the left and right wings are actually two parts of a single wing.

00:21:18The first airplanes were called biplanes because they had two wings,

00:21:23one on the top and the other going through the bottom of the fuselage.

00:21:27They were connected with struts and wires which made a kind of box

00:21:31that basically allowed the aircraft not to fall apart in the air.

00:21:35It was necessary at lower speeds that early planes could only muster.

00:21:38But as the engines increased in power, the second wing became redundant.

00:21:43The single wing still serves as a support for the whole structure though.

00:21:48Looking out the window on the plane's wing, you can see a small yellow double hook on it.

00:21:54It seems strange since it might mess with aerodynamics, but it's there for your safety.

00:21:59In case of an emergency landing, these hooks are used to secure ropes that help passengers exit the plane via the wings.

00:22:05If they're slippery, the rope will help you keep your footing and not fall over while going down.

00:22:11There are several extremely fast streams of air high up in the atmosphere of our planet.

00:22:17Their paths are meandering, but they have a more or less constant flow,

00:22:22allowing passenger aircraft to use them.

00:22:25When an airplane comes close to a jet stream, it may adjust to the direction of its current

00:22:30and fly a lot faster, propelled by the flow.

00:22:32Many airlines use this to their advantage to cut the fuel costs and make air traveling even faster.

00:22:39Clouds, especially thunderheads, can indicate that an area of turbulence is ahead.

00:22:44But sometimes, clear air turbulence occurs when a plane can drop a few feet and start shaking without any warning.

00:22:51It happens when two bodies of air clash at very high speeds.

00:22:56And it's absolutely invisible, so the pilots can't see it.

00:22:59And it's absolutely invisible, so the pilots can't tell when it would happen.

00:23:04The chances of getting into an area of clear air turbulence are higher at low altitudes, over mountain ranges, and near the jet streams.

00:23:14Normally, after it's hit by lightning, an airplane is sent for inspection right after landing, but it can still safely complete its current flight.

00:23:22The fuselage conducts electricity well enough, and like with a lightning rod, the zap will most probably strike one of the tips of the airplane, either one of the wings or the nose.

00:23:32Then it seeks the ground, but doesn't find it, exiting from the tail in the end.

00:23:38It's easier for electricity to roll through the surface of the plane than go inside, so people on board are safe from its effects.

00:23:45Still, lightning is powerful, and there can be some damage done to the airplane on the outside.

00:23:51Ah yes, everyone loves a holiday.

00:23:54But figuring out what to pack in your luggage can be a daunting task, especially when you're limited on weight and baggage space.

00:24:01Not to mention, you're likely to do some holiday shopping on your adventure away from home.

00:24:06So, you're going to need extra space on your return for all those souvenirs you've collected.

00:24:11Accumulating too much weight or bulk can end up costing you a handsome fee with the airline if you're not properly prepared.

00:24:17But you can now relax. You just focus on booking your vacation. We'll take care of your luggage with these handy traveling tips.

00:24:25No doubt your clothes are going to take up the bulk of your luggage.

00:24:29Considering most airline standards permit one bag for most local trips, and up to two bags for longer distances,

00:24:35that doesn't grant you a whole lot of space if you plan on being fashionable on your getaway, especially in the winter.

00:24:42However, this doesn't mean you have to turn your undergarments inside out for repeated use.

00:24:47The key here is to be clever with how you pack.

00:24:51Firstly, you might want to consider how you're folding your clothes.

00:24:55The most space-sufficient method to store your wardrobe in a suitcase for travel is to roll up each item.

00:25:01Think of your clothes like those sleeping bags you used to take on your camping trips.

00:25:05They always seem too thick for their compacted covers, but with perseverance, you could roll it up tight enough to fit inside.

00:25:12Now, you don't need to wrestle with your clothes quite as much, but the same principle here applies.

00:25:18Start by folding your shirts, pants, and whatever else you plan on packing, neatly, similar to how you might find them on a clothing store shelf.

00:25:27Then, when you have them in a relatively rectangular or squared-off shape, roll them up tightly.

00:25:33Now that you have your little clothes logs, start packing them into your bag.

00:25:37And behold! Extra space!

00:25:42Now, here's something we've all experienced arriving at our holiday destination.

00:25:46We drop our suitcase on the hotel bed, open it up, only to find all our clothes unfurled and scattered like a tornado storm through our bag.

00:25:55Your luggage has had a rough journey from your home to your holiday destination.

00:26:00It's been dragged through airport terminals, tossed around by baggage handlers, and rocked back and forth during in-flight turbulence.

00:26:07A simple stationary item, rubber bands, will help you keep your clothes neat.

00:26:13Now that you've got them rolled up, place a couple of rubber bands around them to keep them from unfurling.

00:26:18This is an especially neat trick if you want to roll an outfit together as one.

00:26:22Maybe you've got head-to-toe denim that you can't wait to rock on your getaway.

00:26:27Fold up your clothes as before, then layer the different items of your ideal outfit atop each other.

00:26:33Roll them up as one, then use the rubber bands to keep them together.

00:26:37You can preemptively decide your day-to-day outfits before you even board the plane.

00:26:42However, you may still prefer to fold your clothes, especially business or formal shirts and pants.

00:26:48Lucky for you, we have a handy trick for that, too.

00:26:51Instead of folding each item individually, we're going to lay it out all on top of each other.

00:26:57Start with your shirts and tops, alternating with one on top and one on the bottom, keeping the necks of your shirts at the center.

00:27:04Work your way down to your pants and smaller items until they're all laid out flat.

00:27:10Try to keep your pants in the middle.

00:27:12Finally, start folding your items in on themselves, with the shirts creating the outer layer, until you end up with a neat bundle, like a present.

00:27:21You should be able to sit your bundle squarely into your bag.

00:27:25Want to save even more luggage space?

00:27:26Instead of putting your undergarments and socks into their own section, try fitting them into available spaces and gaps within the rest of your luggage.

00:27:35If you plan on taking a cap with you, for instance, the inside of your headwear is a great space to store your socks.

00:27:42This applies to other small luggage items, too, such as phone chargers and ties.

00:27:47Though, keep in mind that you can also lay your ties and belts out flat across the clothes in your luggage to conserve space.

00:27:54And if you're really limited on baggage size, say, all you have is a carry-on for a fortnight-long trip, here's another method.

00:28:03Get yourself some compression bags to store your clothes in.

00:28:07These bags will compact multiple sets of clothes into the size of a small laptop bag.

00:28:12Fold up the clothes you intend to pack and store them into the compression bag.

00:28:17You should be able to fit 8 to 10 standard clothes items, or a few bulky ones.

00:28:21Once you've filled the bag, seal it and squeeze the air out through the built-in one-way pressure valve.

00:28:28The easiest way to do this is either by rolling it, and you should be pretty good at rolling your clothes by now, or by using your knees to apply pressure.

00:28:36You should be able to fit 2 to 4 of these compression bags in your standard carry-on suitcase, which is especially helpful if you want to save money by avoiding checked-in luggage.

00:28:45And you can take even more clothes on board with you if you stick them into a pillowcase.

00:28:51The best thing about this tip is that it also doubles as a comfy pillow for you to rest your head on during the flight.

00:28:58If you do have a bit more space to spare, another great way to keep your stuff organized is with packing cubes.

00:29:05It might not be as space-efficient as compression bags, but a lot of travelers prefer them for tidier and well-organized packing.

00:29:12You might like to divide them by outfits or clothes types, such as one for pants and one for tops.

00:29:19You can easily purchase packing cubes from most online retail services and travel and camping stores.

00:29:25There are also packing cubes specially designed for one or more pairs of shoes.

00:29:30This is a great way to compact the space your shoes would otherwise take up in your luggage, and to keep your clean clothes from coming into contact with your footwear.

00:29:38Nobody wants their tops to smell like feet, right?

00:29:42If you're still struggling to bring all your items with you inside your suitcase, there are a couple more tricks that you can use for that extra bit of weight without the extra cost.

00:29:52The most obvious of which is to use your own body.

00:29:56That's right, time to layer up! Pick out all your bulky items and wear as many as you can manage.

00:30:02You can try wearing some shorts under your pants, or several layers of your winter wear, such as your sweater, jacket, and coat, all over the top of one another.

00:30:12You might be sweating a little, but most airports and planes are well air-conditioned.

00:30:17You can always shed some layers once you've boarded your flight.

00:30:20At least you'll have some warm wear to snuggle up in if you do get cold up there in the clouds.

00:30:25If you don't want to wear all those layers, there's actually another type of bag you can carry on the plane with you, free of charge.

00:30:32Get yourself a duty-free bag from any of the duty-free stores in the airport.

00:30:37You can even hang onto it for next time.

00:30:40Store all your extra items in your duty-free bag and carry it onto your flight at no additional cost.

00:30:46It's also worth considering what type of luggage you're using.

00:30:50More importantly, how much it weighs.

00:30:52A lot of people forget that the standard 15 pounds permitted by most airlines includes the actual weight of their suitcase.

00:30:59The bag itself can often weigh up to 4 to 6 pounds.

00:31:02That's a huge chunk of your weight in the bag alone.

00:31:05So, when you're shopping for your luggage, take into account how much it weighs.

00:31:09Choosing a lighter bag will give you more space for the items you want to take with you.

00:31:14Stick to some of these handy tips, and you'll be on your way with no shortage of luggage and some extra money to spend on your vacation.

00:31:21Happy flying!

00:31:23Many airports have carpets at their gate areas.

00:31:25This nicety usually comes with a few other perks.

00:31:28Lower ceilings, comfortable seats, and pleasant natural lighting.

00:31:33All this costs more for airports.

00:31:35And carpets are not so easy to clean as hard floors are.

00:31:39But they create a cozy feeling for passengers waiting for their flight, making them more relaxed.

00:31:44Still, it isn't a gesture of goodwill on the part of airports.

00:31:48According to social research, calm passengers are about 7 to 10 percent more likely to go window shopping

00:31:54and actually buy something in the lounge area or duty-free zone.

00:31:58So, by investing in the passengers' comfort, airports actually increase their own income.

00:32:04If you ever wanted to know what happened to your baggage while you're on board a plane,

00:32:08the short answer is that airport staff don't actually know once it leaves their territory,

00:32:13and they probably really don't care. Sorry.

00:32:16Baggage is sorted automatically.

00:32:18Scanners scan the barcode and sort the baggage according to its destination.

00:32:22The three main tasks of airport baggage handlers are to move your bags from the check-in area to the gate,

00:32:28to move them from one gate to another when you have a connection,

00:32:31and to move your bags from the plane to the baggage claim area.

00:32:35And that's it. So if your luggage doesn't move fast enough,

00:32:38it can be late for your connecting flight, or the exact opposite.

00:32:42Your bag gets to your destination before you do because you're stuck at passport control.

00:32:47Another problem can arise if you forget to tear off any old stickers showing a different destination.

00:32:52In this case, the scanner might send your luggage to the wrong country.

00:32:55Most airports are equipped with giant kitchens where the food for passengers is prepared.

00:33:00These kitchens usually cook food for different airlines at once.

00:33:04And since that oh-so-delightful airplane food must be cooked for about 6 to 10 hours in advance,

00:33:10these kitchens have to work 24-7.

00:33:13And however surprising it might sound, the menu for your flight is developed up to a year in advance.

00:33:19This is a common practice for most airlines because every single ingredient matters

00:33:23and adds to expenses.

00:33:25In fact, one airline managed to save $40,000 after they removed just one olive

00:33:31from every salad they served on their flights.

00:33:34Airport staff sometimes ask passengers to rub their hands on a piece of cloth

00:33:39before putting it into a special machine.

00:33:41It might seem kind of scary, but it's actually harmless.

00:33:45You're simply being checked by a machine called an atomizer.

00:33:48Before their working day starts,

00:33:50employees put samples of dangerous chemicals into the machine.

00:33:54The machine memorizes these smells,

00:33:57and in case a person's hand smells like those chemicals,

00:34:00it alerts airport staff to this danger.

00:34:03You know how it sometimes goes.

00:34:05You come to the security checkpoint, and suddenly,

00:34:07it turns out you have something prohibited to take on board in your carry-on.

00:34:11But don't worry.

00:34:13All the things seized during the pre-flight inspection can be stored at the airport

00:34:16for as long as three months.

00:34:18On top of that, you have an opportunity to mail them any address inside the country.

00:34:23Things taken away by security and weren't claimed

00:34:26can also get sold at special auctions and are delivered worldwide.

00:34:30If you have a long layover between flights,

00:34:33going to the nearest hotel to rest might not be the cheapest option.

00:34:37There's a much better trick.

00:34:39Check if the airport or airline sells 24-hour access to the VIP lounge zone.

00:34:44In most cases, you can have free snacks and drinks there

00:34:47and use free shower cabins and rooms for rest at a very affordable price.

00:34:52In multi-terminal airports,

00:34:54search for underground passageways connecting terminals

00:34:57that most people might not know about.

00:34:59For example, at Frankfurt Airport in Germany,

00:35:02there's a walking tunnel between Terminal 1 and Terminal 2

00:35:06that's mostly used by employees

00:35:08since passengers are simply unaware of its existence.

00:35:10There's an actual term for the first 60 minutes after you clear check-in.

00:35:15The golden hour.

00:35:17It's the time that passengers statistically spend more money in retail

00:35:21and duty-free areas of the airport.

00:35:23And having the most comfortable seats in those areas right in front of the shops

00:35:27is a clever trick to lure you in for shopping.

00:35:30Let's admit, sitting in front of a comfy chair

00:35:33while looking at a flashy sign or shopping window can be tempting.

00:35:36And that's exactly what the airports want you to feel.

00:35:39If your flight is overbooked and you can't fly at the designated time,

00:35:43don't hurry to accept the first voucher you're offered as an apology.

00:35:47Normally, airlines keep raising the stakes

00:35:50until they have enough volunteers to give up their flight seats.

00:35:53And if they don't and you've been bumped in voluntarily,

00:35:56you can insist on a cash refund instead.

00:35:59Depending on your ticket price and the time of your delay,

00:36:02you might be entitled to as much as $1,300.

00:36:06Most airports have specific experts called profilers.

00:36:11These people practice what's called SPOT,

00:36:14or the Screening Passengers by Observation technique.

00:36:18They carefully analyze facial expressions, gestures, and behavior

00:36:22in order to detect suspicious people.

00:36:25Their job is to notice the non-verbal signs of anxiety,

00:36:28such as people licking their lips, itching, or looking around a lot.

00:36:31If a profiler notices a person acting in a weird or off way,

00:36:35they can invite them for an inspection,

00:36:38where they can talk to a person to find out more about them.

00:36:41Profilers work in both the main halls and in passport control.

00:36:45The typical question they ask is,

00:36:47what's the purpose of your visit?

00:36:49Then they check the person's reaction to this inquiry.

00:36:52No matter how reserved a passenger is,

00:36:54if they have something to hide,

00:36:56TSA officers will find out,

00:36:58thanks to the tiniest cues in people's behavior.

00:37:01Before your luggage even gets on the plane,

00:37:04it goes through five security levels,

00:37:06and one of them, besides scanning the contents,

00:37:09includes being checked by a special dog

00:37:11that can sniff out dangerous chemicals.

00:37:13It's a well-known fact that a dog's nose

00:37:16is much stronger than that of any human.

00:37:18In fact, dogs distinguish smells

00:37:21from 10,000 to 100,000 times better than people do.

00:37:25No wonder airports take advantage of this super sense for security

00:37:28and regularly use these sniffer dogs

00:37:31to detect suspicious substances.

00:37:33What's really cool is that you can't even distinguish

00:37:36a detection dog from its civilian siblings.

00:37:39Unlike police dogs, the ones working at airports

00:37:42aren't trained to frighten or intimidate people.

00:37:44The most popular sniffer breeds are golden retrievers,

00:37:47labs, and German short-haired pointers.

00:37:50Charging your phone at a specifically designated spot

00:37:53can look convenient, but it's not really safe.

00:37:55If the charging station only allows you to plug in your cord,

00:37:58you might get malware installed on your phone,

00:38:01with you none the wiser.

00:38:03The only safe way to charge your phone or tablet

00:38:06is to find an electric socket and use it with your own charger.

00:38:09Same goes for free airport Wi-Fi.

00:38:12Apart from the airports requiring you

00:38:15to authenticate yourself more often than not,

00:38:17someone can easily access your data

00:38:19while you're using an unprotected Wi-Fi hotspot.

00:38:22It's safer to use your mobile data,

00:38:23but if you absolutely have to use the airport's Wi-Fi,

00:38:26best clear or encrypt all your important data on your device.

00:38:30It might be exasperating to take your laptop

00:38:33out of your carry-on at the security check every single time,

00:38:36but the airport staff need to have a clear look at your device

00:38:40to make sure nothing is concealed inside.

00:38:43On the screen of an X-ray scanner,

00:38:45a laptop looks like a semi-transparent object

00:38:48with a clearly visible hard drive, CD drive, and whatnot.

00:38:51But security officers can't see what's behind some of those parts,

00:38:55for example, a dense and rather large battery.

00:38:58People tend to choose the closest security line to them.

00:39:01If that line turns out to be super crowded,

00:39:04just look around after ID and ticket check.

00:39:07You may see another checkpoint with much fewer people.

00:39:11Some checkpoints at the airport are situated

00:39:14at the far edges of the terminal,

00:39:16and that's why passengers fail to notice them.

00:39:18Applying for a TSA pre-check

00:39:20can be a great time-saver for traveling in and out of the U.S.

00:39:24Being a member of this program has some great perks.

00:39:27First, getting through security and passport control happens faster.

00:39:31If you're a pre-check traveler,

00:39:33you won't have to take off your shoes or remove your belt,

00:39:36and forget about placing your stuff like liquids and laptops in special bins.

00:39:40If you aren't flying to or from the U.S.,

00:39:43then you can look up similar services available in your country.

00:39:46If you're flying economy class but don't like it, who does?

00:39:50Check in online and check out the seating options

00:39:53about four days before your flight.

00:39:55It's about that time that airlines typically start upgrading seats,

00:39:59and you might get an upgrade to business class for a small fee,

00:40:02or even sometimes for free.

00:40:04You can also ask for an upgrade when you're already at the airport.

00:40:08Most people forget about this opportunity or simply don't care,

00:40:11so you might just get lucky.

00:40:16Hey, you've got the wrong person!

00:40:19I'm just a manager going back home from my annual vacation in Europe.

00:40:23The TSA agent pulls out a massive chunk of delicious French cheese

00:40:27from your hand luggage.

00:40:29Turns out, you can only grab really small amounts of soft cheese on board,

00:40:33since it's considered to be liquid.

00:40:36Fun fact, you can bring a cheese grater on board without any problems,

00:40:40but you can grate no more than this.

00:40:42That's the maximum cheese amount.

00:40:44Wait, you can't grate it.

00:40:46Cheese should be safely sealed in a plastic bag.

00:40:49Good news, hard cheese is fine to travel with.

00:40:52Okay, they took your cheese.

00:40:55A large bottle of water, you're bad.

00:40:57Some cream tubes and other fancy souvenirs.

00:41:00Look at that fine Swiss knife you grabbed in Geneva.

00:41:03It now risks ending up in an auction.

00:41:06If you're lucky enough, the airport might provide you

00:41:08a shipping service to get your precious souvenirs,

00:41:11and even cheese, if it doesn't go bad, to your home for a fee.

00:41:15Still, not all the airports do this.

00:41:18So, some of the banned items will go to an auction to raise money.

00:41:22The confiscated items are usually sold in bulks,

00:41:25so it's going to be pretty hard to find the ones that you had to leave behind.

00:41:29Some other objects with more specific purposes

00:41:32are donated to different organizations.

00:41:34A pepper spray, for example,

00:41:35would go to a police training academy.

00:41:38As for cheese, prohibited exotic fruits,

00:41:41and other food and water,

00:41:43well, they usually just get disposed of.

00:41:45Some items, especially really bad and dangerous ones,

00:41:48may be simply melted or destroyed.

00:41:51Magic 8-balls pose no danger,

00:41:54but they have to be checked in luggage.

00:41:56The problem is the liquid inside them.

00:41:58Yeah, it might be less than 3.4 ounces, but let's face it,

00:42:02it's hard to count them,

00:42:03Ask your ball if you can take it on board.

00:42:05It's likely to give you a

00:42:07don't count on it answer.

00:42:09Relieving gel insoles are a bit disturbing on board.

00:42:12The problem is the same.

00:42:14It's impossible to count the exact amount of liquid.

00:42:17So, no gel insoles,

00:42:19and no gel candles either.

00:42:21Perfume and nail polish are kind of forbidden, too.

00:42:24It's not only about liquid on board restrictions,

00:42:27but also about etiquette rules.

00:42:29Some passengers may simply be allergic to liquid.

00:42:31Some passengers may simply be allergic to their smell.

00:42:34Plus, they're flammable.

00:42:36As for nail polish removers,

00:42:38opt for an acetone-free version,

00:42:40since acetone is a no-go for hand luggage.

00:42:43Anyway, you can grab a bottle of perfume,

00:42:45as long as it's not too large,

00:42:47and you don't use it on board.

00:42:49It would be a pity to leave a whole bottle

00:42:51in the trash bin before boarding.

00:42:53Still, you can sneak in the plane

00:42:55with more than 3.4 ounces of your favorite cream,

00:42:57claiming it's some medicine that you really need.

00:42:58But you do need to notify the airport beforehand.

00:43:01A bit weird, but it works.

00:43:03Sometimes.

00:43:05In case you need to check your body temperature on board,

00:43:07make sure your thermometer is electronic.

00:43:09Mercury ones are strictly forbidden.

00:43:11Who's going to pick up all the mercury balls

00:43:13if you accidentally drop it?

00:43:15Bowling pins are a no-go for hand luggage.

00:43:17Seems like the aircrew doesn't want anyone

00:43:19to have fun and play bowling in the aisles

00:43:21during a long and boring flight.

00:43:23No, it's all about our safety.

00:43:25They just think bowling pins might hurt someone.

00:43:26No sports equipment is allowed,

00:43:28be it a fencing foil, a bat, or even darts.

00:43:31Darts are sharp,

00:43:33and no sharp objects are allowed on board.

00:43:35Such items should travel in check-in luggage

00:43:37unless you want them to end up in an auction.

00:43:39If you're into handmade things

00:43:41and a transatlantic flight gives you enough time

00:43:43to knit a scar for a pair of socks,

00:43:45opt for plastic or wooden knitting needles

00:43:47and wrap them carefully

00:43:49so as not to cause any damage.

00:43:51Those made of metal

00:43:53will probably be disposed of by melting,

00:43:54and they don't deserve such a fate.

00:43:56Snow globes,

00:43:58as with any other object containing liquid inside,

00:44:00aren't allowed through security.

00:44:02If your snow globe is as small as a tennis ball,

00:44:04you may be lucky to have it allowed,

00:44:06but it's better to play it safe

00:44:08and check the snow globe in.

00:44:10Liquid bleach is definitely a weird object

00:44:12for hand luggage,

00:44:14even if you're traveling in a white shirt.

00:44:16First, it's not allowed on board

00:44:18because it's highly flammable.

00:44:20Second, a brand-new white shirt

00:44:22doesn't seem to be the right choice for a flight.

00:44:24And turbulence, just don't mix.

00:44:26Third, the bathroom on board

00:44:28is far too small for laundering.

00:44:30If you're a hairdresser on a business trip,

00:44:32you'll probably have to invest a bit more

00:44:34when booking your flight.

00:44:36No hair bleach is allowed on board.

00:44:38Scissors aren't welcome either,

00:44:40unless their blades are four inches or shorter.

00:44:42By the way, scissors that aren't allowed to fly

00:44:44are often donated to schools,

00:44:46which is a good alternative to disposing them.

00:44:48Bad news for hairdressers again.

00:44:50Due to a gas cartridge that's filled with butane,

00:44:52cordless curling irons

00:44:54aren't allowed on board.

00:44:56Good news, electric curling irons

00:44:58are completely fine and safe.

00:45:00If you're an artist,

00:45:02you must have already struggled with security rules.

00:45:04You don't want your paint to get frozen

00:45:06or ruined in the luggage section,

00:45:08so you'll surely want to bring it on board.

00:45:10Security may be okay with your oil paints,

00:45:12as long as they're under 3.4 ounces,

00:45:14but there's no way you can grab

00:45:16your extremely flammable turpentine.

00:45:18Now, in case you don't enjoy food on a plane

00:45:20and failed to order a meal on board beforehand,

00:45:22you can take any pan or pot on board

00:45:24and cook it yourself.

00:45:26No, you can't cook,

00:45:28and you can't grab a cast iron pan either.

00:45:30They're quite heavy,

00:45:32and that's why they're likely to be dangerous.

00:45:34If a TSA agent confiscates it,

00:45:36it won't end up being donated to a local kitchen.

00:45:38It'll probably be melted.

00:45:40If you want to have some fresh smoothies

00:45:42while flying with fresh fruit

00:45:44that are allowed on board,

00:45:46like an apple or a banana,

00:45:48bad news for you.

00:45:50Blenders are allowed only in case you remove the blades,

00:45:52so technically it's not a blender anymore.

00:45:54You need that cheese grater.

00:45:56English Christmas crackers

00:45:58can make a wonderful atmosphere of joy and happiness

00:46:00during Christmas holidays,

00:46:02but it brings nothing but a mess on board.

00:46:04It makes a cracking sound when pulled,

00:46:06which can frighten other passengers.

00:46:08They are not allowed in checked bags,

00:46:10just like party poppers and sparklers.

00:46:12High heels and thick soles aren't prohibited,

00:46:14but they do cause some problems.

00:46:16If you're wearing one of these,

00:46:18you may be asked to take them off

00:46:20to have them scanned.

00:46:22Sure, there are some plastic shoe covers,

00:46:24but they're swarming with germs.

00:46:26Wedding dresses are a bit of a problem, too.

00:46:28Some dresses just don't fit in the x-ray machine,

00:46:30so they might need to be double-checked.

00:46:32All the fans of camping, beware.

00:46:34You probably want to check in

00:46:36a lot of luggage required for your trip,

00:46:38so make sure you check in the tent pegs, too.

00:46:40Though if you travel light

00:46:42with a carry-on backpack only,

00:46:44you'll probably need to buy some

00:46:46when you reach your destination.

00:46:48Since they're sharp objects,

00:46:50tent pegs are not allowed on board.

00:46:52It's hard to imagine anyone having a drill

00:46:54as a 5-pound carry-on luggage.

00:46:56But anyways, these are not allowed.

00:46:59So if you're a creative person

00:47:01who wants to bring a drill home

00:47:03as a vacation souvenir because magnets are lame,

00:47:05you'll have to check it in.

00:47:07If you want to sneak in a plane

00:47:09with a dry ice DIY fridge,

00:47:11you're almost sure to fail.

00:47:13It's flammable,

00:47:15so safety regulations definitely

00:47:17prohibit it on board.

00:47:19You can bring up to 5.5 pounds of dry ice,

00:47:21but airline permission is required.

00:47:22A soap-covered blade

00:47:24is not allowed through security.

00:47:26Instead, a disposable razor

00:47:28or cartridge blades can be taken on board.

00:47:30Box cutters and knives,

00:47:32with a teeny-tiny exception of a smooth butter knife,

00:47:34should be in checked luggage.

00:47:36Soap bars are allowed on board,

00:47:38but don't panic if a TSA agent

00:47:40wants to double-check your bag after scanning it.

00:47:42It just may look a bit odd on the screen

00:47:44and mislead them.

00:47:46Liquid soap, instead,

00:47:48follows the universal liquid rule.

00:47:50Rules for batteries may vary.

00:47:52They can be carried neither in carry-on

00:47:54nor in checked luggage.

00:47:56And lithium batteries also can't be carried on board,

00:47:58only because if damaged,

00:48:00they can cause a fire.

00:48:02Okay, you travel with your Mr. Scratchy,

00:48:04and yes, a laser pointer

00:48:06is your furry friend's favorite toy.

00:48:08But you gotta make do without it this time, buddy.

00:48:10Laser pointers are not allowed

00:48:12in carry-on nor in checked luggage.

00:48:14A walking stick can be used as a mobility device

00:48:16and then let on board.

00:48:18But surprisingly,

00:48:20TSA may prohibit this item sometimes.

00:48:22And notify your airline in advance.

00:48:24Bon voyage!

00:48:27Someone's screaming for help.

00:48:29They've seen shark fins in the water.

00:48:31The lifeguard is waving a purple flag,

00:48:33but it's too late.

00:48:35The jellyfish have taken over.

00:48:37There's a huge wave approaching the shore

00:48:39at 90 degrees.

00:48:41Panic breaks at the beach.

00:48:43You have one chance to save them all

00:48:45with your time traveler kit.

00:48:47You take your beach survival guide with you

00:48:49and push the red button.

00:48:51Voila!

00:48:53You made it to the beach one hour

00:48:55before things went wrong.

00:48:57Some kids build a huge sand castle.

00:48:59They were digging deep

00:49:01to get more and more sand.

00:49:03That pit they made right by the water

00:49:05can turn into a sinkhole.

00:49:07It doesn't fill completely,

00:49:09so someone can twist an ankle

00:49:11if they step in there.

00:49:13Sometimes, people even fall in huge sinkholes.

00:49:15The sand fills them back immediately

00:49:17and feels like concrete thrown at you.

00:49:18You tell everyone around the sand castle

00:49:20to watch where they step.

00:49:22The spongy sand area here

00:49:24could be quicksand.

00:49:26It forms near riverbanks,

00:49:28marshes, and beaches

00:49:30and is 70% water.

00:49:32It seems solid,

00:49:34so you check it with a stick

00:49:36and step on it lightly.

00:49:38It holds the weight.

00:49:40If someone doesn't know how to handle it,

00:49:42they might sink down to the waist.

00:49:44The secret for getting out

00:49:46is to stay calm

00:49:48if you mark the area with 4 sticks

00:49:50for those who don't know the rules.

00:49:52You notice a wave

00:49:54quickly moving at right angle to the shore.

00:49:56Beach Survival Guide says

00:49:58it's a rip current.

00:50:00They can form in any part of the world.

00:50:02You tell everyone to stay out of the water

00:50:04until it's gone.

00:50:06Rip current corridors are usually narrow

00:50:08and not dangerous,

00:50:10but they can get long and wide

00:50:12as a bowling lane.

00:50:14This beast can pull you in the water

00:50:16even from the shore.

00:50:18Save energy

00:50:20and come up with a good plan.

00:50:22Don't try to fight the current.

00:50:24It'll always win.

00:50:26Swim parallel to the shore

00:50:28until you're out of it.

00:50:30If that doesn't work,

00:50:32try to scream for help

00:50:34or wave a hand.

00:50:36If you're trying to save someone

00:50:38out of a rip current,

00:50:40throw them something that flows.

00:50:42If you go in the water to save them,

00:50:44both of you might need help.

00:50:46An older couple must want some quiet,

00:50:48peaceful idea.

00:50:50Most rip currents

00:50:52form close to piers, jetties,

00:50:54and other structures in the water.

00:50:56But even a small current

00:50:58can carry you right into

00:51:00that stone construction.

00:51:02You spot a group of divers.

00:51:04They're carrying underwater cameras

00:51:06to take pictures of marine life.

00:51:08You tell them to watch out

00:51:10for flower urchins.

00:51:12They look like beautiful corals,

00:51:14but in fact have poisonous spines

00:51:16to scare away their predators.

00:51:18They're jumping on nails or glass.

00:51:20Some sea urchins

00:51:22also have venomous bites.

00:51:24Some sea snakes

00:51:26have more venom than cobras.

00:51:28They use it to paralyze fish

00:51:30but will never attack humans first.

00:51:32Sometimes the tide

00:51:34washes them out of the water.

00:51:36They will pretend to be lifeless

00:51:38but can still bite out of reflex.

00:51:40This bite can give you

00:51:42some nasty symptoms.

00:51:44The lionfish that lives

00:51:46in the Atlantic Ocean,

00:51:48they can sting you by accident

00:51:50with their cobra-like venom.

00:51:52It hurts like the sting of a thousand bees.

00:51:54Some algal blooms,

00:51:56also called red tides,

00:51:58can have dangerous natural toxins in them.

00:52:00If you spot black,

00:52:02white, green, brown, purple,

00:52:04or red algae that looks like

00:52:06cottage cheese, thick soup,

00:52:08or a film on the water,

00:52:10keep your head and especially mouth

00:52:12and nose away from it.

00:52:14Also, take a shower after you get

00:52:16out of the water to be safe.

00:52:18There are jellyfish in the water.

00:52:20You talk to the lifeguard

00:52:22to put up the purple flag.

00:52:24It's an international sign

00:52:26there are dangerous ocean animals nearby,

00:52:28mostly jellyfish.

00:52:30Some of them are harmless.

00:52:32Others, like box jellyfish,

00:52:34grow about the height of a human

00:52:36and are super dangerous.

00:52:38Lion's mane jellyfish loves colder water

00:52:40of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans

00:52:42and grows the size of a blue whale

00:52:44if you measure it with tentacles.

00:52:46It uses them to hunt.

00:52:48Tell everyone what the purple flag means.

00:52:50It's best to stay out of the water

00:52:52when you see it.

00:52:54If you must get in the water,

00:52:56at least wear a diving suit

00:52:58to protect your skin.

00:53:00One jellyfish is lying motionless

00:53:02on the shore.

00:53:04You don't let anyone pick it up.

00:53:06It can still sting.

00:53:08If that happens,

00:53:10you gotta pour some clean water

00:53:12over your skin and then top it

00:53:14with vinegar.

00:53:16The heat becomes unbearable,

00:53:18a coconut is falling off

00:53:20the height of its tree

00:53:22at a crazy speed.

00:53:24Luckily, they move the towel

00:53:26right before it happened.

00:53:28While the family is looking

00:53:30for a new spot to park their towel,

00:53:32you remind them to drink

00:53:34plenty of water.

00:53:36It can save you from a heat stroke.

00:53:38They take more lives every year

00:53:40than floods, lightning,

00:53:42hurricane, and tornadoes combined.

00:53:44Plain water is the best drink choice

00:53:46for the beach to avoid having one.

00:53:48You run up to her

00:53:50and take the bread to protect her.

00:53:52When you hand bread to seagulls aloft,

00:53:54they can strike you.

00:53:56They can also hurt you

00:53:58with their bills or wings by accident

00:54:00as they fly by.

00:54:02If you feed them,

00:54:04they can follow you

00:54:06and raid your bags for more food

00:54:08if you don't give it to them.

00:54:10So the best you can do

00:54:12is throw all food remnants

00:54:14in trash cans with lids

00:54:16to keep the birds at bay.

00:54:18This happens regularly

00:54:20near one French island.

00:54:22When underwater current

00:54:24makes the water go one way

00:54:26and the wind sends it another,

00:54:28the waves run in squares

00:54:30like a chessboard in the sea.

00:54:32Cross seas are super dangerous

00:54:34for swimmers

00:54:36and can even turn over a large boat.

00:54:38They form rip currents

00:54:40and powerful waves.

00:54:42The best you can do

00:54:44if you see it

00:54:46is stay out of the water.

00:54:48Don't swim in the sand

00:54:50or in shallow water

00:54:52with full force.

00:54:54If you get in its way,

00:54:56you might get seriously hurt.

00:54:58During shore breaks,

00:55:00water seems deeper than it really is,

00:55:02so when you dive in

00:55:04without checking the depth,

00:55:06you can injure yourself even more.

00:55:08Sometimes these shore breaks

00:55:10get so big and powerful

00:55:12they can drop people to the ground

00:55:14and carry them into the sea.

00:55:16If that happens

00:55:18control your breathing

00:55:20and move your limbs

00:55:22as little as possible.

00:55:24Take the fetal position.

00:55:26It's like sitting in the water

00:55:28and hugging your knees.

00:55:30Try to keep some part of your body

00:55:32above the water to save heat.

00:55:34Your body temperature can also drop

00:55:36if you've been in the water

00:55:38for too long.

00:55:40Count to 10

00:55:42and then back to 1.

00:55:44If you can't do it

00:55:46many times over and over,

00:55:48you can wear layers of clothing

00:55:50and a hat.

00:55:52It's getting dark

00:55:54and you tell everyone

00:55:56to move out of the water.

00:55:58You only have one chance

00:56:00in 4 million to meet a shark at the beach,

00:56:02but it's more likely to happen

00:56:04at or after sunset

00:56:06and before sunrise.

00:56:08Sharks are most active at these times.

00:56:10You also have a better chance

00:56:12to spot it from the distance

00:56:14when it's bright

00:56:16and the sea is calm.

00:56:18It's called the danger zone.

00:56:20The large open space of the beach

00:56:22and the water

00:56:24is one of the worst places

00:56:26to live through a storm.

00:56:28Everyone's packing

00:56:30and leaving for safety.

00:56:32Have you ever noticed

00:56:34that one of the flight attendants

00:56:36hides their hands behind their back

00:56:38when you enter the plane?

00:56:40Are they crossing their fingers

00:56:42for a safe take-off?

00:56:44Nah, at this moment

00:56:46they're counting the passengers

00:56:48and there are lots of stories

00:56:50about how bad airplane food is.

00:56:52In fact, it's not that bad.

00:56:54It's your sense of taste

00:56:56that's on the fritz

00:56:58because of the dry air.

00:57:00It dries your mouth out

00:57:02of all its saliva

00:57:04and dulls your sense of smell,

00:57:06which helps to feel 80%

00:57:08of what you taste.

00:57:10So, airline companies

00:57:12add more spices into the food

00:57:14so you can feel the taste.

00:57:16Seatbelts are located

00:57:18up and down.

00:57:20Your waist belt holds you

00:57:22so that you don't crash

00:57:24into the ceiling of the aircraft.

00:57:26The shoulder seatbelts in the car

00:57:28protect against horizontal collisions.

00:57:30By the way,

00:57:32flight attendants also have

00:57:34shoulder seatbelts.

00:57:36It's because they always sit

00:57:38facing the passengers

00:57:40to keep order.

00:57:42While all passengers

00:57:44are flying face forward,

00:57:46the cabin crew sits backward.

00:57:48Flight attendants are held

00:57:50by shoulder and waist belts.

00:57:52Even if lightning strikes a plane,

00:57:54the passengers won't feel it.

00:57:56The entire aircraft

00:57:58is covered with an aluminum layer

00:58:00that conducts electric current

00:58:02without passing it inside the plane.

00:58:04Good thing.

00:58:06And all electronics and fuel tanks

00:58:08are equipped with additional protection.

00:58:10Before any plane is released

00:58:12from the factory,

00:58:14all this protection is tested

00:58:16by simulating lightning.

00:58:18Passengers get a headache

00:58:20during the flight,

00:58:22especially right after takeoff.

00:58:24This happens because

00:58:26you're getting up to an altitude

00:58:28higher than Mount Everest

00:58:30in about 10 minutes.

00:58:32The air up there is thin.

00:58:34Your brain gets less oxygen.

00:58:36By the way,

00:58:38chewing gum or candies can help.

00:58:40Now, the main reason

00:58:42why the seats on the plane

00:58:44are so uncomfortable is profit.

00:58:46Airlines want to make more money,

00:58:48so they clean the seats.

00:58:50Two additional rows in the cabin

00:58:52provide 12 new passengers.

00:58:54Also, companies make airplane seats

00:58:56lighter to spend less fuel.

00:58:58Seats become smaller

00:59:00and less comfortable.

00:59:02You can feel cold inside a plane,

00:59:04but when the plane is flying

00:59:06at high altitudes,

00:59:08the conditions resemble those

00:59:10in the Sahara Desert.

00:59:12It's all because of very low humidity.

00:59:14Every hour of flight,

00:59:16your body loses a lot of liquid.

00:59:18Many companies don't show movies

00:59:20because they can make passengers

00:59:22too sad or emotional.

00:59:24Even if a movie doesn't have

00:59:26a dramatic story

00:59:28with incredible characters,

00:59:30it can still be heartbreaking

00:59:32for passengers.

00:59:34The thing is that our body

00:59:36experiences stress,

00:59:38and we take everything close to heart

00:59:40because of the lower oxygen levels.

00:59:42Also, we're sitting in seats

00:59:44at a high altitude

00:59:46and very far from home.

00:59:48This is a common situation.

00:59:50This feeling of helplessness

00:59:52can throw a person's emotions

00:59:54out of whack.

00:59:56So, companies only show

00:59:58positive movies and comedies.

01:00:00Some passengers say

01:00:02they feel like they can't think

01:00:04straight during the flight.

01:00:06This happens because of

01:00:08a lack of oxygen,

01:00:10so your mind isn't in top form.

01:00:12Well, better not do any important tasks

01:00:14or make any important decisions.

01:00:16Your corneas are the one part

01:00:18where most of the way

01:00:20they get oxygen is from the air.

01:00:22So, worsened eyesight

01:00:24and dry eyes are common problems

01:00:26on airplanes.

01:00:28The best solution here

01:00:30is to take with you eye drops

01:00:32along with gum.

01:00:34That worsened vision

01:00:36is the first reason

01:00:38the crew dims the lights

01:00:40and asks you to open the windows

01:00:42during nighttime takeoffs and landings.

01:00:44Your eyes need to be adjusted

01:00:46to the dimness

01:00:48you see out the window.

01:00:50There's a theory

01:00:52that hair grows faster

01:00:54during the flight.

01:00:56Some people notice

01:00:58that little stubble appears

01:01:00on their faces after the flight,

01:01:02even if they shaved a few hours

01:01:04before they got on the plane.

01:01:06Anyway, this theory

01:01:08is not confirmed.

01:01:10Some say the cabin pressure,

01:01:12lower temperature,

01:01:14or even heightened stress levels

01:01:16can accelerate hair growth.

01:01:18The solution can be

01:01:20a little training.

01:01:22Go to the gym

01:01:24or make a set of squats

01:01:26before boarding to prevent stress.

01:01:28Also, a good workout

01:01:30compensates for the hours

01:01:32you spend sitting still.

01:01:34Airlines lose and send

01:01:36in the wrong direction

01:01:38several million lost bags a year.

01:01:40Almost half of the lost luggage

01:01:42is lost because of transfer issues.

01:01:44They may not deliver your suitcase

01:01:46just because of lack of time.

01:01:48When this happens,

01:01:50they might carry these bags

01:01:52to another flight.

01:01:54And when your bag goes

01:01:56to the wrong place,

01:01:58it can be taken

01:02:00by other passengers accidentally.

01:02:02If you want to find

01:02:04your lost luggage quickly,

01:02:06take a photo of it in advance

01:02:08and then show it

01:02:10to the airport workers.

01:02:12You can also buy

01:02:14a special GPS tracker

01:02:16and put it in your suitcase.

01:02:18You can claim luggage

01:02:20to a special center.

01:02:22If the owner doesn't show up

01:02:24within three months,

01:02:26the things inside the bags

01:02:28will be put up for sale

01:02:30in specialized stores.

01:02:32There you can find clothes,

01:02:34jewelry, and electronic devices.

01:02:36And of course,

01:02:38it all comes with a big discount.

01:02:40The rumbling noise

01:02:42you hear after boarding

01:02:44is not my stomach.

01:02:46It is luggage

01:02:48that I'm carrying.

01:02:50Aircraft tires

01:02:52can withstand pressure

01:02:54four to five times more

01:02:56than a plane actually gives them

01:02:58during landing.

01:03:00The metal wheel

01:03:02is more likely to break

01:03:04than the tire.

01:03:06Pilots also have different meals.

01:03:08This is necessary

01:03:10to reduce the risk

01:03:12of food poisoning.

01:03:14The flight can go well

01:03:16even if one of the pilot

01:03:18wears a mask.

01:03:20Oxygen masks drop down

01:03:22when the air pressure changes.

01:03:24At a certain height,

01:03:26there can be less air in the cabin.

01:03:28To prevent passengers

01:03:30from feeling this,

01:03:32they should put on oxygen masks.

01:03:34When pilots descend

01:03:36to a safe altitude,

01:03:38you can breathe

01:03:40without the mask again.

01:03:42By the way,

01:03:44masks only have oxygen

01:03:46for 15 minutes.

01:03:48It's built this way

01:03:50because of the engine.

01:03:52It should be installed

01:03:54under low wings

01:03:56because it's closer to the ground

01:03:58and easier to repair.

01:04:00Another reason is that the wings

01:04:02should take a big part of the blow

01:04:04during a bad landing,

01:04:06and if the plane falls into the water,

01:04:08then the wings become

01:04:10a life-saving pillow.

01:04:12Fuel tanks installed in the wings

01:04:14are empty after the flight,

01:04:16and it helps to stay on the water too.

01:04:18To make it easy to load the cargo

01:04:20since the hull is located

01:04:22very close to the ground.

01:04:24Also, it helps to avoid

01:04:26getting debris into the engines

01:04:28in case when airfields aren't clean.

01:04:30Plus, this wing location

01:04:32has less aerodynamic resistance

01:04:34during the flight.

01:04:36Little triangles on the aircraft walls

01:04:38are special labels

01:04:40for flight attendants.

01:04:42The triangles mark special windows.

01:04:44You can see flashing indicators

01:04:46through these windows.

01:04:49But for ordinary passengers,

01:04:51this is the place

01:04:53with the best view of the wings.

01:04:55Turbulence is a common thing

01:04:57during a flight,

01:04:59but usually it's so insignificant

01:05:01most passengers don't even feel it.

01:05:03Strong turbulence is rare.

01:05:05By the way,

01:05:07turbulence is just hot and cold air

01:05:09affecting a plane.

01:05:11For better understanding,

01:05:13imagine a big balloon people fly on.

01:05:15Remember the flamethrower

01:05:16installed under the ball?

01:05:18It heats up the air

01:05:20and the hot air raises the ball up.

01:05:22So, turbulence is the hot air

01:05:24created by nature

01:05:26and it makes the same thing

01:05:28with a plane that it makes

01:05:30with a balloon.

01:05:32Also, turbulence can occur

01:05:34if the plane gets under

01:05:36the hot air stream

01:05:38left by another plane.

01:05:40Hotels are places

01:05:42where you know for sure

01:05:44lots of people stay every day.

01:05:46They don't notice as much as they should.

01:05:48There can be bed bugs

01:05:50and other pests around

01:05:52that you won't notice

01:05:54until it's too late.

01:05:56So, here's the deal.

01:05:58When you arrive at a hotel

01:06:00and open your room,

01:06:02don't rush to open your bags

01:06:04and put all your clothes

01:06:06onto the shelves

01:06:08and especially the bed.

01:06:10Better place your bags

01:06:12into the bathtub for the time being

01:06:14and go check the room

01:06:16only after you've done that.

01:06:18Take your bags out of the bathtub

01:06:20and unpack.

01:06:22The bathtub is the safest place

01:06:24because no bugs are able to survive there.

01:06:26So, naturally,

01:06:28none of them will crawl into your stuff

01:06:30while you're not looking.

01:06:32You may want to throw that comforter

01:06:34on the floor at once, by the way.

01:06:36While sheets may be cleaned regularly,

01:06:38the comforters are not.

01:06:40Some hotels wash them

01:06:42every week or so,

01:06:44but others don't even bother.

01:06:46Guests will change the sheets daily,

01:06:48but a lot of budget ones

01:06:50don't change the pillows or bedding

01:06:52after a guest checks out.

01:06:54Definitely a good idea

01:06:56to request fresh pillowcases

01:06:58when you arrive.

01:07:00It's also best not to drink

01:07:02out of that glass in the bathroom

01:07:04as many glasses aren't cleaned properly.

01:07:06Some workers even use disinfectant

01:07:08or furniture polish

01:07:10to get the glasses looking spotless.

01:07:12Ever wondered why they never use

01:07:14fitted sheets in hotels?

01:07:16I'll tell yous.

01:07:18The sheets are changed much more often

01:07:20than you do it at home,

01:07:22and the elastic becomes worn out

01:07:24all too soon.

01:07:26Besides, it's a nightmare

01:07:28to store fitted sheets.

01:07:30They have to be of two different sizes,

01:07:32one for either type of bed.

01:07:34It's just easier to take

01:07:36two universal flat sheets

01:07:38per double bed and get on with it.

01:07:40Speaking of sheets,

01:07:42you must have noticed

01:07:44that bed linen and towels

01:07:46don't come in white.

01:07:48If everything is white,

01:07:50it's easy to wash it all together

01:07:52and use bleach to get rid

01:07:54of any possible stains.

01:07:56The second explanation, however,

01:07:58is customer experience.

01:08:00According to public polls,

01:08:02people perceive a white color

01:08:04as luxurious and fresh,

01:08:06which makes their stay more pleasant.

01:08:08If you see an unusually attractive

01:08:10price for a room on a website,

01:08:12be careful.

01:08:14It might not include

01:08:16the cost of the checkout.

01:08:18It'll normally list

01:08:20the initial price you saw

01:08:22before booking

01:08:24and all the extra charges,

01:08:26resort fee included.

01:08:28If you decide to pay

01:08:30at the hotel, though,

01:08:32you might be up for a surprise

01:08:34when you check out,

01:08:36so always make sure

01:08:38to read the fine print.

01:08:40You may have seen

01:08:42a rather weird thing

01:08:44in many hotels,

01:08:46but this also makes

01:08:48pretty good sense.

01:08:50For example,

01:08:52if you slip and fall

01:08:54on the wet floor of the bathroom,

01:08:56a phone can be handy

01:08:58to call for help.

01:09:00Returning to bathrooms,

01:09:02hotels typically don't

01:09:04provide plungers in rooms.

01:09:06You see, hotels want you

01:09:08to have a feeling

01:09:10that you're the first person

01:09:12ever to enter the room

01:09:14you're staying in.

01:09:16It might malfunction

01:09:18at some point,

01:09:20which doesn't help the image.

01:09:22If your hotel has card keys

01:09:24with magnetic strips,

01:09:26make sure you put your card key

01:09:28apart from your cell phone

01:09:30and wallet.

01:09:32The problem is

01:09:34that key cards are rewritten

01:09:36quite a lot,

01:09:38and they're designed

01:09:40for that process

01:09:42to be quick and easy.

01:09:44So a fairly strong magnet

01:09:46is convenient.

01:09:48Many hotels only accept

01:09:50credit cards as a form of payment,

01:09:52and without one,

01:09:54you won't be able to book

01:09:56a room directly

01:09:58or use the paid services

01:10:00provided by the place.

01:10:02Booking a room is just

01:10:04the first step of your

01:10:06stay at a hotel.

01:10:08During your vacation

01:10:10or business trip,

01:10:12you might use the minibar

01:10:14or other paid services

01:10:16provided by the hotel.

01:10:18If you pay with a credit card,

01:10:20however,

01:10:22all the additional costs

01:10:24go to the bank,

01:10:26and everyone's happy.

01:10:28The time of check-in

01:10:30and check-out

01:10:32is fixed not to annoy you.

01:10:34It's done so you don't

01:10:36barge in onto guests

01:10:38who stayed in the room

01:10:40you booked,

01:10:42and the hotel staff

01:10:44can clean the room

01:10:46and give you some time

01:10:48to prepare for departure

01:10:50without hurry.

01:10:52Isn't it kind of annoying

01:10:54that many hotels

01:10:56don't have a socket near the bed?

01:10:58In fact,

01:11:00time is to blame in this case.

01:11:02Lots of hotels around the world

01:11:04were built before mobile phones

01:11:06and other portable devices

01:11:08became so popular and widespread.

01:11:10Back then, of course,

01:11:12they didn't need bedside sockets,

01:11:14and many of them

01:11:16didn't even have a check-in desk.

01:11:18It's likely that the hotel staff

01:11:20already recognize you.

01:11:22Many hotels,

01:11:24especially higher-end ones,

01:11:26will do a little research

01:11:28of their guests' social media.

01:11:30While this seems a bit creepy,

01:11:32it's only so they can see

01:11:34who you are

01:11:36to make your stay more comfortable.

01:11:38At check-in,

01:11:40you'll also be given

01:11:42an initial key

01:11:44which will reset the door lock

01:11:46by a key bomb.

01:11:48This is where they give you

01:11:50two of the initial keys.

01:11:52Either key resets the door,

01:11:54so once you use the second one,

01:11:56the first will no longer work.

01:11:58Toothpaste is one item

01:12:00you probably won't find

01:12:02in the hotel room's bathroom.

01:12:04For budget hotels,

01:12:06it's often too expensive to order

01:12:08as it's classified

01:12:10as a medical supply.

01:12:12For luxury hotels,

01:12:14it's the opposite.

01:12:16Staff clean hotel rooms frequently.

01:12:18Disinfecting smaller items

01:12:20is not on the top

01:12:22of their priority list.

01:12:24Remote controls and phones

01:12:26are some of the dirtiest things

01:12:28in a hotel room,

01:12:30so do yourself a favor

01:12:32and bring some disinfectant wipes

01:12:34to clean them before use.

01:12:36If you're thinking about

01:12:38putting your valuables

01:12:40in the safe for security,

01:12:42you may also want to think twice.

01:12:44Hotel locks use passcodes

01:12:46so who else could get their hands

01:12:48on this information?

01:12:50Hotels usually overbook themselves

01:12:52as the average daily no-show rate

01:12:54is around 10%.

01:12:56This means there's a chance

01:12:58that you won't actually

01:13:00get your reserved room.

01:13:02If you show up

01:13:04and there are no available rooms,

01:13:06chances are you'll get walked.

01:13:08This basically means

01:13:10the hotel will pay for a room

01:13:12at another similar hotel in the area.

01:13:14There's a surprising amount

01:13:16of work that can go wrong

01:13:18if a worker even found

01:13:20a shark that was left behind.

01:13:22With no idea

01:13:24how it ended up there,

01:13:26the shark was eventually

01:13:28returned to its natural habitat,

01:13:30safe and sound.

01:13:32Most, if not all,

01:13:34hotels have fully carpeted floors

01:13:36and there's a couple

01:13:38of very good reasons for that.

01:13:40First of all,

01:13:42it's your safety.

01:13:44You're far less likely

01:13:46to get hurt

01:13:48than change the whole

01:13:50flooring in a room.

01:13:52And finally,

01:13:54carpets add to the room's

01:13:56soundproofing,

01:13:58which you'll be thankful for

01:14:00if you have overly active neighbours.

01:14:02Ever wondered what a

01:14:04continental breakfast is

01:14:06and why it's called that?

01:14:08In fact,

01:14:10the name comes from the UK,

01:14:12which is a group of islands

01:14:14and it means a breakfast

01:14:16that's called a continental breakfast.

01:14:19That little yellow hook

01:14:21you can see from the airplane's window

01:14:23if you're sitting next to the wing

01:14:25is there to help you

01:14:27in case of an emergency landing.

01:14:29Inflatable slides can only be deployed

01:14:31from the emergency exit doors

01:14:33in the front and the tail of the plane.

01:14:35In the middle,

01:14:37the passengers would have to walk

01:14:39right out on the wing

01:14:41and get to the ground from there.

01:14:43But jumping from the plane wing

01:14:44is just too high.

01:14:46And here's where the little yellow hooks

01:14:48come in handy.

01:14:50The flight attendants tie ropes

01:14:52from the doors and through the loops

01:14:54for the passengers to hold on to.

01:14:56This way, everyone can safely

01:14:58get to the ground without injuries.

01:15:00Now, you want to try to avoid

01:15:02cozying up under airplane blankets.

01:15:04Some airlines only wash them

01:15:06about once a month.

01:15:08Better use your own travel blanket,

01:15:10a scarf, or a jacket,

01:15:12and always remember to wear your shoes

01:15:14when landing.

01:15:16That carpet on the floor can't

01:15:18and won't be cleaned to perfection

01:15:20between flights.

01:15:22It's just too much time and effort

01:15:24for the cabin crew.

01:15:26The dirtiest place on a plane

01:15:28isn't the bathroom.

01:15:30It's your tray table.

01:15:32It has 8 times more bacteria

01:15:34than an onboard toilet flush button.

01:15:36Now, in case of emergency,

01:15:38oxygen masks only have enough air flow

01:15:40to last for about 15 minutes.

01:15:42Luckily, it's just the amount of time

01:15:44it takes to reach a suitable

01:15:46landing place or to at least

01:15:48descend to the altitude

01:15:50where people won't need

01:15:52oxygen masks anymore.

01:15:54You may wonder why you're asked

01:15:56to lift your seat back

01:15:58and close your tray table

01:16:00before takeoff and landing,

01:16:02but it's for your own safety.

01:16:04A reclined seat is comfy for you,

01:16:06but it makes it harder

01:16:08for the passenger behind you

01:16:10to get out of their seat,

01:16:12which is crucial in case

01:16:14you won't be able to stand up

01:16:16fast enough if anything happens.

01:16:18Besides, the tray table prevents you

01:16:20from assuming the secure position

01:16:22in the event of an emergency landing.

01:16:24This position requires you

01:16:26to bend over in your seat,

01:16:28put your head between your knees,

01:16:30and cover the back of your head

01:16:32with your hands.

01:16:34Imagine doing that

01:16:36while your tray table is open.

01:16:38If you look around the cabin,

01:16:40you'll notice little black or red

01:16:42triangles around the midsection

01:16:44of the tray table.

01:16:46This means that the passengers

01:16:48know where the airplane wings

01:16:50are located,

01:16:52so they can immediately

01:16:54look out the right window

01:16:56to see if something is amiss outside.

01:16:58You shouldn't lower the window shades

01:17:00while taking off,

01:17:02taxiing, or landing

01:17:04for two reasons.

01:17:06First, the flight attendants

01:17:08must always be able to monitor

01:17:10the situation outside,

01:17:12and open shades help them

01:17:14be able to see it

01:17:16and evaluate the situation

01:17:18before going in

01:17:20unless the windows are open.

01:17:22That tiny hole you see

01:17:24at the bottom of any airplane window

01:17:26isn't there to scare you nuts.

01:17:28In fact, it helps keep the pressure

01:17:30from the inside and the outside

01:17:32of the window equalized.

01:17:34The hole itself is only made

01:17:36in the second layer of glass,

01:17:38and there are three of them overall,

01:17:40which also helps with security,

01:17:42by the way.

01:17:45Now, you might see flight attendants

01:17:47touching the overhead compartments

01:17:49while they're walking along the aisle,

01:17:51but that's not exactly what they do.

01:17:53Right beneath the compartments,

01:17:55there's usually a handrail

01:17:57that goes all the way

01:17:59through the cabin,

01:18:01so you can also use this trick

01:18:03to stay firmer on your feet

01:18:05in the aisle.

01:18:07The pilots dim the lights

01:18:09in the cabin during nighttime

01:18:11not for you to get cozy and sleepy.

01:18:12You're used to adjusting to darkness

01:18:14in the first few minutes

01:18:16of sudden lights out,

01:18:18and in the case of emergency,

01:18:20every second matters.

01:18:22So, the lights get dimmed

01:18:24to let you get used to darkness

01:18:26in case something happens

01:18:28and you have to act fast.

01:18:30Pay attention to the aisle floor, too.

01:18:32If there's an emergency landing at night,

01:18:34there will be two luminescent strips

01:18:36along the aisle

01:18:38showing you the way to the exit.

01:18:40Follow them to get safely

01:18:42counting the seats

01:18:44between you and the emergency exit

01:18:46once you're seated.

01:18:48This will help you navigate

01:18:50in case there's no other guidance available.

01:18:52If a lightning bolt hits the plane,

01:18:54the passengers won't feel it.

01:18:56The entire aircraft is covered

01:18:58with aluminum coating

01:19:00that conducts electrical current

01:19:02and doesn't let it inside.

01:19:04This protection is tested

01:19:06using a lightning simulator.

01:19:08Airplane windows are round

01:19:10because the air pressure

01:19:12in the plane's windows were square.

01:19:14Strong air currents would accumulate

01:19:16in the corners of the windows,

01:19:18depressurizing the cabin.

01:19:20And that's bad.

01:19:22Don't think you become untouchable

01:19:24if you go to the airplane toilet.

01:19:26The bathroom door

01:19:28can be opened from the outside.

01:19:30There's usually a small latch

01:19:32at the top of the door

01:19:34that allows cabin crew

01:19:36to get you out of there.

01:19:38It's useful for both getting to people

01:19:40doing something suspicious in the bathroom

01:19:42and, for example,

01:19:44collapsed while in the toilet.

01:19:46Yeah, let's avoid doing that.

01:19:48The plane's wings

01:19:50flash red and green lights at night

01:19:52to show the direction

01:19:54the plane is heading in.

01:19:56A green light is always on the right wing,

01:19:58and a red one is on the left.

01:20:00Aircraft tires

01:20:02are designed to withstand

01:20:044 to 5 times more pressure

01:20:06than they actually experience upon landing.

01:20:08The wheel is more likely to break

01:20:10than the tire.

01:20:12Pilots always have different meals.

01:20:14This is necessary

01:20:16to reduce the risk of food poisoning.

01:20:18The flight can still go well

01:20:20if one of the pilots has gone down

01:20:22because of a stale burrito,

01:20:24but not if it's both of them.

01:20:26And try not to both of you

01:20:28eat the fish.

01:20:30Some airlines

01:20:32don't allow pilots to have beards.

01:20:34Facial hair can prevent

01:20:36securely fitting the oxygen mask,

01:20:38and pilots must always remain conscious.

01:20:41The seats are blue

01:20:43in most aircraft

01:20:45because this color soothes people.

01:20:47It's also easy to keep clean.

01:20:49The rumbling noise you hear

01:20:51after boarding the plane

01:20:53is luggage being loaded on the plane.

01:20:55The compartment is right beneath the cabin,

01:20:57so it can sound quite loud sometimes.

01:21:00On most flights,

01:21:02longer than 7 or 8 hours,

01:21:04pilots have access

01:21:06to a specially designed rest seat

01:21:08in or near the cockpit.

01:21:10Pilots typically have a section

01:21:12of the cabin reserved for them,

01:21:14and it's sometimes separated

01:21:16from the passenger areas.

01:21:18Some larger aircraft even feature

01:21:20private crew quarters

01:21:22above or below the main cabin.

01:21:24The wings of most passenger aircraft

01:21:26are located at the bottom of the plane.

01:21:28It's called a low wing.

01:21:30Firstly, if you install the engine

01:21:32under low wings,

01:21:34it'll be closer to the ground

01:21:36and easier to repair.

01:21:38Secondly, the wings will take on

01:21:40the weight of the landing.

01:21:42And if the plane falls into the water,

01:21:44then the wings become

01:21:46a life-saving pillow.

01:21:48By the way,

01:21:50a plane can stay afloat

01:21:52for 10 minutes to 60 hours.

01:21:54It all depends on the model of the plane,

01:21:56weather conditions,

01:21:58and pilot skills.

01:22:00Most airplanes are white

01:22:02because this color best reflects

01:22:04the sun rays,

01:22:06and the aircraft body

01:22:08doesn't heat up as much.

01:22:11Shoulder straps seem more secure

01:22:13than just a waist belt,

01:22:15but not in the case of planes.

01:22:17When the plane gets into turbulence,

01:22:19it's tossed a bit in the air.

01:22:21The waist belt will simply

01:22:23hold you in place

01:22:25in case of a more severe shake.

01:22:27Shoulder straps would require

01:22:29more space between the seats,

01:22:31and this is not justified on a plane.

01:22:33In a car,

01:22:35the impact is usually much stronger,

01:22:37so you need that shoulder strap

01:22:38to hold you still.

01:22:40Flight attendants' seats

01:22:42do have passenger straps,

01:22:44but that's because they are

01:22:46much less comfortable

01:22:48than passenger ones.

01:22:50They're narrower and position

01:22:52facing the passengers.

01:22:54Flight attendants need

01:22:56extra protection simply not to

01:22:58fall off their seats

01:23:00if the plane shakes hard enough.

01:23:02Also, they have to help and direct

01:23:04people during potential evacuation,

01:23:06and for that,

01:23:08they need to be on its left side.

01:23:10Firstly, the captain

01:23:12usually sits on that side.

01:23:14This way, it's easier for the captain

01:23:16to align the plane

01:23:18with the terminal jet bridge.

01:23:20Also, the aircraft is fueled

01:23:22and loaded with the baggage

01:23:24on the right side.

01:23:26If passengers come from the left,

01:23:28the crew can do their job undisturbed.

01:23:30You can easily remove

01:23:32post-it notes because

01:23:34their adhesive is not even.

01:23:36Sticky notes feature

01:23:38in blobs across that

01:23:40sticky part of the paper.

01:23:42When you slap a post-it

01:23:44onto a bulletin board,

01:23:46not all the blobs,

01:23:48that are technically called

01:23:50microcapsules,

01:23:52will actually touch the surface

01:23:54to keep the paper stuck there.

01:23:56You can easily unstick it,

01:23:58and then when you want to

01:24:00reattach it to something else,

01:24:02those blobs of glue

01:24:04that are left unused

01:24:06will take over the role

01:24:08of bubble gum

01:24:10because it's made of rubber.

01:24:12Gum from before

01:24:14had an elastic texture

01:24:16because of something called chicle,

01:24:18a natural type of latex rubber.

01:24:20Now you can chew your bubble gum

01:24:22easily because it's made

01:24:24of synthetic rubber.

01:24:26Some of these are used

01:24:28in car tires too,

01:24:30while others are used

01:24:32in Elmer's glue

01:24:34because they mimic

01:24:36the effect of chicle.

01:24:38A 300-foot-tall skyscraper

01:24:40will shrink about 0.03 inches

01:24:42under the weight

01:24:44of 50,000 people inside,

01:24:46assuming they're all

01:24:48an average weight.

01:24:50You could actually heat your house

01:24:52with just 70 people.

01:24:54If you've ever been trapped

01:24:56in a small crowded room,

01:24:58you know people give off body heat.

01:25:00So you'd need about 70 people

01:25:02in motion to warm up

01:25:04your home in the winter

01:25:06using just their body heat,

01:25:08which is why we have storage heaters

01:25:10and humans radiate

01:25:12approximately 100 to 200 watts

01:25:14of heat in normal conditions.

01:25:16Why does glass break so easily?

01:25:18It's because its atoms

01:25:20are not very tightly arranged.

01:25:22Unlike other solid material

01:25:24like metal,

01:25:26glass is made up of amorphous,

01:25:28which basically means

01:25:30structureless, loosely packed

01:25:32and randomly arranged atoms.

01:25:34These atoms can't rearrange

01:25:36themselves that quickly

01:25:39Do you know why

01:25:41airplane passenger windows

01:25:43are mostly below eye level?

01:25:45Aircraft are way cheaper,

01:25:47stronger and easier to build

01:25:49without windows,

01:25:51but they're there

01:25:53because many people like the view,

01:25:55particularly about 100 years ago

01:25:57when flights were often

01:25:59conducted at low altitudes.

01:26:01Also, if some passengers

01:26:03are feeling sick,

01:26:05looking out the window

01:26:06also help distribute the load

01:26:08around them more evenly.

01:26:10The floor of the cabin

01:26:12where people sit

01:26:14isn't all the way

01:26:16at the bottom of the aircraft,

01:26:18which is why windows

01:26:20end up being quite low

01:26:22compared to both

01:26:24the overall volume

01:26:26of the cabin itself

01:26:28and the eye level

01:26:30of the passengers sitting down.

01:26:32Water feels colder than air

01:26:34at the same temperature

01:26:36because it's so dense.

01:26:38Water has a high heat capacity,

01:26:40which means it takes a lot of heat

01:26:42to raise its temperature

01:26:44just a little bit.

01:26:46Water is good at both

01:26:48retaining heat and cold.

01:26:50That's why the ocean

01:26:52is way cooler than land

01:26:54and at the same time

01:26:56the hot soup stays hot

01:26:58for a long time.

01:27:00Water is also

01:27:02a pretty good conductor,

01:27:04which means it effectively

01:27:06conducts water molecules.

01:27:08They are made of two hydrogen atoms

01:27:10stuck to a single oxygen atom,

01:27:12which means they're triangular.

01:27:14That's why they have

01:27:16a slightly different charge

01:27:18on their different sides,

01:27:20similar to a magnet.

01:27:22The oxygen end of the molecule

01:27:24is slightly negative

01:27:26while the hydrogen

01:27:28is slightly positive.

01:27:30Because of this feature,

01:27:32water is great

01:27:34at sticking to other molecules.

01:27:36This is why water

01:27:38has surface tension.

01:27:40It's capable of sticking

01:27:42to itself too.

01:27:44House cats

01:27:46share some similarities

01:27:48with big wild cats,

01:27:50but one of the things

01:27:52that sets them apart

01:27:54is their vocalization.

01:27:56The majority of large cats,

01:27:58like tigers and lions,

01:28:00will roar loudly

01:28:02so everyone knows

01:28:04they're coming

01:28:06because of their throat

01:28:08and voice box,

01:28:10which helps create

01:28:12these feline vocalizations.

01:28:14So a cat can either roar

01:28:16or purr,

01:28:18but no cat can do both.

01:28:20Bobcats, cougars,

01:28:22house cats, cheetahs,

01:28:24they purr.

01:28:26Purring is specific

01:28:28because a cat creates it

01:28:30when it breathes in

01:28:32and when it breathes out.

01:28:34Roaring has evolved

01:28:36because of the bendy bones

01:28:38in their throat.

01:28:40Mammals have their voice box

01:28:42in the throat,

01:28:44where air passing by

01:28:46its structures produces sounds.

01:28:48The vocal cords

01:28:50in the hyoid bones

01:28:52are the two main parts

01:28:54of the larynx

01:28:56that create different

01:28:58vocalizations in cats.

01:29:00You probably also prefer

01:29:02the pulse setting

01:29:04on your blender,

01:29:06because it works

01:29:08at the same rate.

01:29:10It's not really about

01:29:12blending ingredients together,

01:29:14but about something called

01:29:16laminar flow.

01:29:18That means all the layers

01:29:20of liquid are continuously

01:29:22moving in the same direction.

01:29:24When you use the pulse function,

01:29:26your blender adds turbulence,

01:29:28so the fruit chunks

01:29:30are not just rolling around

01:29:32the sides of the blender,

01:29:34but they are falling

01:29:36in the same direction.

01:29:38Even when you come back

01:29:40an hour later,

01:29:42you'll probably still hear

01:29:44them singing the same song.

01:29:46They're hard workers,

01:29:48and the males are most likely

01:29:50guarding their territory

01:29:52and trying to attract a female.

01:29:54And other animals

01:29:56have their own tactics.

01:29:58Some like to rub their scent

01:30:00everywhere,

01:30:02but birds use a song

01:30:04to send the message,

01:30:06because during the winter

01:30:08they will most likely sing

01:30:10fewer notes to each other

01:30:12or just one note.

01:30:14They want to let others know

01:30:16that where they are

01:30:18is their space.

01:30:20Plus, they're trying to figure out

01:30:22if there's any food

01:30:24somewhere nearby.

01:30:26Why do cats like small spaces?

01:30:28First of all,

01:30:30they are solitary animals,

01:30:32which is why they always

01:30:34search for a safe hiding place

01:30:36and avoid the cold floor.

01:30:38Cats prefer room temperatures

01:30:40to be about 57 degrees Fahrenheit.

01:30:42A bit cooler than this

01:30:44is comfortable for us.

01:30:46And if there isn't a convenient

01:30:48sunbeam to lie in,

01:30:50they will look for other solutions,

01:30:52like a cozy shoebox.

01:30:54Cats are pretty lazy.

01:30:56They can sleep up to 18 hours a day,

01:30:58most average between 10 and 13 hours

01:31:00on a daily basis.

01:31:02The majority of cats

01:31:04are most active during dawn and dusk.

01:31:06In a specific category

01:31:08called crepuscular animals,

01:31:10together with other creatures

01:31:12like hamsters, ferrets,

01:31:14and stray dogs.

01:31:16Over millions of years,

01:31:18cats have evolved to become

01:31:20low-light predators.

01:31:22Their eyesight is adapted

01:31:24for activities during twilight.

01:31:26And since that's when

01:31:28they're most active,

01:31:30they save their energy

01:31:32for dusk and dawn.

01:31:34Before they became domesticated,

01:31:36they no longer need to hunt

01:31:38before each meal.

01:31:40But their natural instincts

01:31:42still encourage them

01:31:44to conserve energy

01:31:46for twilight periods.

01:31:48Why are four-leaf clovers so rare?

01:31:50Similar to animals,

01:31:52plant genes are located

01:31:54in small packages of DNA

01:31:56in the nucleus of each cell.

01:31:58They're called chromosomes.

01:32:00Our chromosomes come in matched pairs,

01:32:02but clovers have four copies

01:32:04of every chromosome per cell.

01:32:06This will create four leaves

01:32:08only if it has a four-leaf gene

01:32:10on all four chromosomes.

01:32:12And that's pretty rare.

01:32:14Also, some environmental conditions

01:32:16like soil activity and temperature

01:32:18can also affect whether

01:32:20the four leaves appear.

01:32:22Interestingly, these anomalies

01:32:24tend to happen in clusters.

01:32:26So if you find one,

01:32:28look around you.

01:32:30There might be more of them.

01:32:32When it's too cold outside,

01:32:34airplanes often get delayed

01:32:36and extreme cases

01:32:38even cancelled altogether.

01:32:40First of all,

01:32:42if it snows heavily,

01:32:44such conditions drastically

01:32:46decrease visibility,

01:32:48making it unsafe to taxi

01:32:50and take off.

01:32:52During a blizzard,

01:32:54flight control may command

01:32:56the aircraft to stay on the ground

01:32:58and wait until the snowstorm subsides.

01:33:00Ice on the runway is another reason.

01:33:02An airplane's landing gear

01:33:04are nothing like a car's wheels

01:33:06so the plane needs to develop

01:33:08speeds on the ground

01:33:10that are much higher than

01:33:12on an average road

01:33:14to take off successfully.

01:33:16If the runway is slippery with ice,

01:33:18the airplane can slide off it easily.

01:33:20Things like this actually

01:33:22happened in the past.

01:33:24For example,

01:33:26in January 2014,

01:33:28the JFK Airport in New York

01:33:30was shut down after a plane

01:33:32skidded off the runway

01:33:34and into the snow.

01:33:36Local police joined the efforts.

01:33:38Same story with landing,

01:33:40which is even trickier

01:33:42in freezing conditions

01:33:44because a plane is in much less

01:33:46of a controlled environment

01:33:48and traveling at even greater speeds.

01:33:50What's more,

01:33:52while an airplane that's about

01:33:54to take off and skidding

01:33:56will probably get into an open area

01:33:58and stop there,

01:34:00one that's about to land

01:34:02could end up crashing

01:34:04into the airport's infrastructure.

01:34:06Airplanes are carefully engineered

01:34:08and any tampering with their structure

01:34:10may cause huge trouble.

01:34:12As experienced pilots say,

01:34:14even a thin crust of ice

01:34:16over the wings of a plane

01:34:18can mess with their delicate design

01:34:20and destroy lift.

01:34:22Planes can be de-iced though.

01:34:24The airport staff usually spray them

01:34:26with a special solution

01:34:28that doesn't let the ice build up

01:34:30on the aircraft's skin.

01:34:32But back to the runway.

01:34:34If it's covered with ice,

01:34:36unless the sun is shining,

01:34:38the chances of safely removing

01:34:40the ice from the pavement

01:34:42are almost zero.

01:34:44There's also a chance

01:34:46of damaging the pavement,

01:34:48making potholes,

01:34:50which can result in safety concerns

01:34:52for both takeoff and landing.

01:34:54Imagine driving over a pothole

01:34:56in a car at full speed.

01:34:58Pretty unpleasant.

01:35:00And now multiply it by about a thousand

01:35:02because a plane is much heavier

01:35:04than a car and don't forget

01:35:06the fuel and the equipment

01:35:08that pumps it can freeze too

01:35:10if the temperature is too low.

01:35:12The fuel freezes at

01:35:14negative 40 degrees Fahrenheit,

01:35:16but that can only happen

01:35:18on the ground before takeoff.

01:35:20At a cruising altitude,

01:35:22temperatures may drop as low

01:35:24as negative 70 degrees Fahrenheit.

01:35:26But since the liquid

01:35:28is inside the plane

01:35:30and burning down steadily,

01:35:32it's much warmer there.

01:35:34On the ground though,

01:35:36the same goes for

01:35:38the pumping equipment.

01:35:40Even if the fuel is still liquid,

01:35:42the pump may cover with ice

01:35:44and just stop delivering the fuel

01:35:46into the plane's tanks.

01:35:48In the worst case scenario,

01:35:50it might even break down,

01:35:52leading to expensive repairs

01:35:54and prolonged delays in flights.

01:35:56Finally, ground crews

01:35:58have to do a lot of work

01:36:00before takeoff or landing,

01:36:02and they're all human after all,

01:36:04so they can't bear

01:36:06to do the job while the other

01:36:08is waiting for them in a shelter.

01:36:10After 20 minutes or so,

01:36:12the first group returns to warm up,

01:36:14and the second one takes up the job

01:36:16where the first one left it.

01:36:18Although it's efficient,

01:36:20it still slows down the operations a lot,

01:36:22so that might also cause delays.

01:36:24But despite all the trouble

01:36:26freezing weather can cause,

01:36:28it's actually more beneficial

01:36:30for a plane than extreme heat.

01:36:32Cold air is denser than hot,

01:36:34so planes gain more lift

01:36:36in the air.

01:36:38They're more easily controlled

01:36:40in flight too.

01:36:42Air molecules are slower

01:36:44and closer together,

01:36:46creating a steady flow of air

01:36:48around the wings and cockpit.

01:36:50At high altitudes,

01:36:52the air naturally becomes thinner

01:36:54as the air molecules spread out

01:36:56and become more scarce.

01:36:58That's exactly why planes

01:37:00can't get to the upper layers

01:37:02of the atmosphere.

01:37:04There's just not enough air there

01:37:06meaning the plane's wings

01:37:08don't have as much air to push off

01:37:10and get into the flight mode.

01:37:12To take off in extreme heat,

01:37:14a plane has to move much faster

01:37:16to generate enough air resistance

01:37:18and lift.

01:37:20But to move faster,

01:37:22the plane needs its engines

01:37:24to work better,

01:37:26and that's also impossible

01:37:28when it's too hot.

01:37:30As the air gets thinner,

01:37:32the amount of oxygen decreases too.

01:37:34And jet engines use oxygen

01:37:36to convert enough energy

01:37:38into thrust,

01:37:40meaning slower acceleration

01:37:42and worse energy output overall.

01:37:44So the problem is that

01:37:46the plane has to have

01:37:48a longer runway distance

01:37:50to build up enough speed

01:37:52and lift to take off.

01:37:54But it can't,

01:37:56because its engines

01:37:58are not working to the best

01:38:00of their ability.

01:38:02This usually doesn't cause trouble,

01:38:04but only up to a point.

01:38:06It's simply dangerous

01:38:08for them to try and take off.

01:38:10Other planes are more

01:38:12heat-resistant and powerful,

01:38:14but that also depends

01:38:16on the heat.

01:38:18Some aircraft even have

01:38:20to reduce their weight

01:38:22by removing part of their fuel,

01:38:24cargo, or even passengers

01:38:26when it's too hot.

01:38:28Lighter load means

01:38:30better acceleration

01:38:32before takeoff,

01:38:34and it doesn't help

01:38:36if you're flying at 35,000 feet.

01:38:38They don't technically

01:38:40need to be so high up,

01:38:42but that altitude

01:38:44gives the best speed

01:38:46and efficiency.

01:38:48Air gets thinner

01:38:50at higher altitudes,

01:38:52which means less wind resistance,

01:38:54but less lift.

01:38:56For most commercial aircraft,

01:38:58the area between 30,000

01:39:00and 40,000 feet

01:39:02is the sweet spot

01:39:04where the two factors

01:39:06play an important role.

01:39:08Additionally,

01:39:10planes have a much longer

01:39:12lifespan than computers.

01:39:14There are airliners

01:39:16from the early 1970s

01:39:18that are still just fine.

01:39:20They might not be able

01:39:22to keep up in terms

01:39:24of speed and fuel efficiency,

01:39:26but older planes

01:39:28are no less safe

01:39:30than their modern counterparts.

01:39:32Contrails,

01:39:34those white trails

01:39:36that the plane tracks

01:39:38in the engines

01:39:40before being vented

01:39:42with the exhaust.

01:39:44The hot, wet air

01:39:46leaving the engines

01:39:48mixes with the cool,

01:39:50dry air found

01:39:52at high altitudes,

01:39:54resulting in long,

01:39:56thin lines of vapor.

01:39:58Humidity determines

01:40:00when contrails form

01:40:02and how long

01:40:04they remain visible.

01:40:06Contrails are

01:40:08either in the upper

01:40:10or lower degrees

01:40:12or due north.

01:40:14Along with numbers,

01:40:16the letters R and L

01:40:18indicate if the nearest

01:40:20runway is to the right

01:40:22or left.

01:40:24The lights on the tips

01:40:26of a plane's wings

01:40:28are called position lights

01:40:30or navigation lights,

01:40:32and they're used

01:40:34during times of reduced visibility.

01:40:36The light is white

01:40:38and found on

01:40:40or near the tail.

01:40:42It might seem odd

01:40:44that the flight crew cares

01:40:46whether your window shades

01:40:48are up or down.

01:40:50The main reason

01:40:52is so that the passenger's

01:40:54eyes can adjust

01:40:56to the outside light.

01:40:58Mostly,

01:41:00it's just a matter

01:41:02of getting people

01:41:04on and off quickly.

01:41:06If simple knowledge

01:41:08doesn't help you,

01:41:10try this visualization

01:41:12from a pilot.

01:41:14Put a small piece

01:41:16of napkin inside a pot

01:41:18of jelly.

01:41:20The napkin is the plane,

01:41:22and it's surrounded

01:41:24by jelly,

01:41:26or sorry,

01:41:28by air pressure.

01:41:30If you tap the jelly,

01:41:32the napkin will not

01:41:34fall anywhere.

01:41:36This is good on takeoff

01:41:38because there's less thrust

01:41:40generated at this point.

01:41:42The air gets thinner,

01:41:44and the plane needs

01:41:46less power to maintain

01:41:48its altitude.

01:41:50If the pilots leave

01:41:52the engines at their

01:41:54climb setting,

01:41:56you'd be traveling

01:41:58beyond the speed of sound,

01:42:00and that isn't

01:42:02a part of the plan.

01:42:04That small hole

01:42:06is the power unit.

01:42:08The power unit is activated

01:42:10when a plane is on the runway.

01:42:12It doesn't provide

01:42:14complete power to airplanes.

01:42:16Once the airplane engines

01:42:18are turned on,

01:42:20the unit is disabled.

01:42:22It's only reactivated

01:42:24when the airplane lands

01:42:26at its destination.

01:42:28The turbines are located

01:42:30under the wings

01:42:32since this makes it

01:42:34cheaper, faster,

01:42:36and the ticket prices

01:42:38went down.

01:42:40When seated in the exit

01:42:42row on most planes,

01:42:44you need to pull the

01:42:46window blind up,

01:42:48not down, to close it,

01:42:50unlike in all other seats.

01:42:52It's designed so

01:42:54for safety reasons.

01:42:56The overwing exit

01:42:58is there to help

01:43:00people quickly leave

01:43:02the plane in case

01:43:04of an emergency.

01:43:06Think about it.

01:43:08There's another handle

01:43:10on the outside of the plane.

01:43:12Rescuers use it

01:43:14to open the door

01:43:16from their side.

01:43:18Because of this handle,

01:43:20there's no room

01:43:22for the blind to retract

01:43:24above the window,

01:43:26but there's more

01:43:28than enough room

01:43:30for it below the window.

01:43:32Makes sense to me now.

01:43:34You can actually raise

01:43:36and lower the armrest

01:43:38of your seats.

01:43:40The same tip works

01:43:42for the left armrest

01:43:44of the window seat.

01:43:46You can lift it up

01:43:48to lean on the window.

01:43:50Don't forget to lower

01:43:52the armrest during

01:43:54takeoff and landing

01:43:56for safety reasons.

01:43:58Planes usually use

01:44:00a small, powerful tug

01:44:02on airport grounds

01:44:04when they need to pull

01:44:06to cause damage

01:44:08to ground vehicles,

01:44:10the gate or the ground crew.

01:44:12It would also use

01:44:14a lot of fuel

01:44:16and be incredibly loud.

01:44:18Plus, the pilots

01:44:20don't have rearview mirrors

01:44:22like drivers,

01:44:24so they can't see

01:44:26behind them.

01:44:28Now you understand

01:44:30why this risky process

01:44:32is banned at airports.

01:44:34They make plane wings

01:44:36true, but they are

01:44:38necessary for your safety.

01:44:40Imagine a plane making

01:44:42an emergency landing

01:44:44in the open sea.

01:44:46The aircraft is sliding

01:44:48on the water.

01:44:50Then, rescue boats

01:44:52arrive to evacuate

01:44:54the passengers.

01:44:56Before the door opens,

01:44:58the escape slide inflates.

01:45:00Passengers need to

01:45:02walk on the wing

01:45:04and move down the slide,

01:45:06attach one end to the door

01:45:08and the other to the edge

01:45:10of the wing,

01:45:12passing it through

01:45:14these hooks.

01:45:16During the evacuation,

01:45:18people hold on to this

01:45:20cable like a railing.

01:45:22They can also attach

01:45:24rescue boats to the wing

01:45:26with a rope and these

01:45:28hooks, so the sea

01:45:30won't take people

01:45:32far away from the plane.

01:45:34When flight attendants

01:45:36hold on to them

01:45:38not to fall,

01:45:40it's a pretty convenient thing

01:45:42since they don't have

01:45:44to touch the seats

01:45:46and disturb passengers

01:45:48once they're moving

01:45:50around the cabin.

01:45:52Have you ever noticed

01:45:54the flashing light

01:45:56in the cabin

01:45:58before takeoff?

01:46:00It's 100% safe.

01:46:02It occurs when the pilot

01:46:04disconnects a plane

01:46:06it's easier for him

01:46:08to align the plane

01:46:10with the terminal jet bridge

01:46:12this way.

01:46:14Also, the aircraft is

01:46:16fueled and loaded with

01:46:18baggage on the right side.

01:46:20With passengers boarding

01:46:22from the left side,

01:46:24the crew can do

01:46:26their job undisturbed.

01:46:28You might have noticed

01:46:30black triangles on the wall

01:46:32above the seats.

01:46:34For you as a passenger,

01:46:36of course.

01:46:38The crew members

01:46:40monitor the condition

01:46:42of the aircraft

01:46:44through windows

01:46:46under these signs.

01:46:48In case the wings freeze,

01:46:50the engine catches fire

01:46:52or the pilot receives

01:46:54a signal something's wrong,

01:46:56the crew will quickly

01:46:58move to the triangles

01:47:00and assess the situation.

01:47:02Those mysterious chimes

01:47:04you hear during the flight

01:47:06is a sign that

01:47:08one of the passengers

01:47:10needs the assistance of the crew.

01:47:12When they're serving meals

01:47:14and run out of food or drinks,

01:47:16they can ask their colleagues

01:47:18to share using a high

01:47:20and low chime combo.

01:47:22Three low tones

01:47:24means serious turbulence

01:47:26is approaching,

01:47:28so the crew

01:47:30needs to buckle up.

01:47:32A seatbelt on an airplane

01:47:34has a slightly different

01:47:36effect when you're down.

01:47:38Your waist belt

01:47:40keeps you from hitting the ceiling.

01:47:42The tray table,

01:47:44the seatbelt buckle

01:47:46and the toilet door handle.

01:47:48Those are some major

01:47:50feeding grounds for bacteria,

01:47:52but the seat pockets

01:47:54aren't any cleaner.

01:47:56Passengers leave their

01:47:58used tissues or wipes in there

01:48:00after cleaning a runny nose

01:48:02or coughing.

01:48:04They also become a residence

01:48:06for a destructive target.

01:48:08Blech!

01:48:10Extreme heat

01:48:12is one of the weather conditions

01:48:14that can stop a plane from flying.

01:48:16Airplanes fly by generating lift

01:48:18with their wings.

01:48:20The air below the wings

01:48:22takes the plane up.

01:48:24In extreme heat,

01:48:26the airplane can't produce

01:48:28that much lift.

01:48:30That's because hot air expands

01:48:32and becomes way less dense

01:48:34than cold air.

01:48:36Airplanes typically respond well

01:48:38to extreme heat or humidity,

01:48:40and the A.C. system may fail.

01:48:42Smaller jets can't operate

01:48:44at a temperature of over

01:48:46118 degrees Fahrenheit.

01:48:48Larger Airbus and Boeing planes

01:48:50perform the best

01:48:52below 126 degrees Fahrenheit.

01:48:54Flying has long become

01:48:56routine for many people.

01:48:58But even frequent flyers

01:49:00sometimes don't know about things

01:49:02you should never do on a plane.

01:49:04No bare feet on a plane

01:49:06It's one of the biggest

01:49:08no-no's of air travel.

01:49:10Even if we omit the topic

01:49:12of unpleasant odors,

01:49:14the airplane floor is

01:49:16extremely filthy.

01:49:18People with contagious foot problems

01:49:20might have been walking

01:49:22the aisles barefoot before you.

01:49:24There's likely to be

01:49:26a lot of dirt left

01:49:28after previous passengers.

01:49:30And don't even get me started

01:49:32on the floor in the lavatories.

01:49:34If your feet need some freedom,

01:49:36don't worry.

01:49:38Keep in mind that the pressurized air

01:49:40in the passenger cabin

01:49:42is just as dry as it is

01:49:44in the Sahara Desert,

01:49:46with only about 20% humidity.

01:49:48That's why your skin may feel

01:49:50discomfort after a flight.

01:49:52But wouldn't it make more sense

01:49:54to install several humidifiers

01:49:56that could add some moisture?

01:49:58But this extra load

01:50:00would cost airlines lots of money.

01:50:02Plus, the plane's airframe

01:50:04is mostly made of aluminum

01:50:06so don't forget to bring a moisturizer

01:50:08and use it during the flight.

01:50:10Always secure your tray table

01:50:12as soon as the plane starts moving

01:50:14on the tarmac,

01:50:16and never lower it

01:50:18during the take-off and landing.

01:50:20It's a security measure,

01:50:22which ensures that you

01:50:24and the other passengers

01:50:26will have a clear pathway

01:50:28in case of an emergency evacuation.

01:50:30Also, keep your seat

01:50:32in an upright position

01:50:34during take-off and landing.

01:50:36That way, you won't fall behind.

01:50:38What's more,

01:50:40the more backward you're leaning,

01:50:42the harder it is to get into

01:50:44the brace position

01:50:46during an emergency landing.

01:50:48Try to avoid snoozing

01:50:50during or right after

01:50:52take-off and landing.

01:50:54For one thing,

01:50:56it's not the best thing

01:50:58for your health.

01:51:00The main problem

01:51:02is that the air pressure

01:51:04inside the cabin

01:51:06can increase,

01:51:08for example,

01:51:10by yawning or swallowing frequency.

01:51:12Chewing gum works for me.

01:51:14If you're sleeping,

01:51:16you can't do this,

01:51:18which can lead to permanent damage.

01:51:20And, of course,

01:51:22there's a safety issue.

01:51:24Most accidents happen

01:51:26during take-off and landing.

01:51:28If you're sleeping

01:51:30during these stages,

01:51:32you might not be alert

01:51:34and conscious enough

01:51:36to be careful.

01:51:38The water used to make tea or coffee

01:51:40doesn't come from bottles.

01:51:42It's regular tap water.

01:51:44And water tanks on airplanes

01:51:46are often old and full of bacteria.

01:51:48In 2004,

01:51:50there was a study which found

01:51:52that more than 12% of water samples

01:51:54contained harmful bacteria.

01:51:56But if you still decide

01:51:58to have a cup of hot beverage on a plane,

01:52:00never pour coffee or tea on your own.

01:52:02Flight attendants are trained

01:52:04to handle this task

01:52:06for you or other passengers.

01:52:08Now, it's probably better

01:52:10if you don't order Coke on a plane.

01:52:12The cabin pressure,

01:52:14so low up in the air,

01:52:16causes a lot of foam.

01:52:18For apparent reasons,

01:52:20flight attendants don't want to serve you

01:52:22a cup filled with froth.

01:52:24That's why they'll fill only half the cup,

01:52:26then wait for the bubbles to settle,

01:52:28and then finish pouring.

01:52:30That can take ages.

01:52:32Keep your air vent open.

01:52:34This way you'll minimize

01:52:3699% of all airborne germs.

01:52:38So you should be safe there.

01:52:40But make sure to wipe that tray table.

01:52:42With 8 times more bacteria

01:52:44than the toilet flush button,

01:52:46it's the dirtiest place on board.

01:52:48Another thing you should avoid

01:52:50is leaning your head on the window

01:52:52if you have a window seat.

01:52:54You never know who occupied

01:52:56your seat before you.

01:52:58And, in any case,

01:53:00the glass is likely to be covered with germs.

01:53:02Say no to backless sandals

01:53:04and high heels on a flight.

01:53:06There are very serious safety reasons

01:53:08for such a request.

01:53:10The first is that both these types of footwear

01:53:12make it very difficult

01:53:14to evacuate the aircraft fast.

01:53:16If you wear high heels,

01:53:18you will anyway have to leave them behind

01:53:20in case the crew is using emergency slides

01:53:22during an evacuation.

01:53:24The heels are very likely

01:53:26to damage the slide,

01:53:28so off they go.

01:53:30Now ask yourself,

01:53:32do you really fancy running away

01:53:34from the airplane barefoot?

01:53:36Or maybe shoes with a solid sole?

01:53:38In this case,

01:53:40you won't find yourself

01:53:42standing on the hot tarmac

01:53:44or in the weeds

01:53:46without any footwear at all.

01:53:48Don't stuff heavy objects

01:53:50into overhead compartments.

01:53:52Your things may not stay inside

01:53:54during severe turbulence,

01:53:56and while falling out,

01:53:58they will injure you

01:54:00and other passengers.

01:54:02That's why if it feels difficult

01:54:04to lift something

01:54:06you can't lift it.

01:54:08When you experience it in bad weather,

01:54:10it might be intentional.

01:54:12If the runway is covered with water or snow,

01:54:14the plane has to touch down hard

01:54:16in order to break the water layer

01:54:18and prevent aquaplaning.

01:54:20Otherwise, the water can perform

01:54:22the role of a lubricant,

01:54:24and the plane won't be able to break

01:54:26or respond to any control.

01:54:28Deploying an emergency slide

01:54:30when there's no emergency

01:54:32is a bad, very bad idea.

01:54:34It can cause hour-long delays

01:54:36and impact the undamaged slide

01:54:38back into its container.

01:54:40Why would someone do it?

01:54:42Apparently, some think it'll help them

01:54:44get off the plane faster.

01:54:46Well, they're an idiot.

01:54:48Don't be one yourself.

01:54:50Just keep in mind

01:54:52that it doesn't work this way.

01:54:54Don't ignore the instructions

01:54:56of the cabin crew

01:54:58to open window shades

01:55:00during takeoff and landing.

01:55:02This way, flight attendants

01:55:04can see what's happening outside,

01:55:06and will redirect passengers

01:55:08toward another door.

01:55:10Avoid carrying spray deodorants

01:55:12or shaving cream

01:55:14in your carry-on baggage.

01:55:16Both these things tend to explode

01:55:18mid-flight and, therefore,

01:55:20aren't allowed to onboard the airplane.

01:55:22A much better idea

01:55:24is to choose stick deodorants.

01:55:26You also mustn't keep power banks

01:55:28in your checked luggage.

01:55:30And if you want to bring one onboard,

01:55:32its capacity shouldn't be more

01:55:34than 20,000 milliamps.

01:55:36In general,

01:55:38lithium batteries are safe to use.

01:55:40But since they're high-energy,

01:55:42they can catch fire

01:55:44if they're not treated with care,

01:55:46misused,

01:55:48or if there's a manufacturing fault.

01:55:50Such batteries have been the cause

01:55:52of quite a few fires onboard airplanes,

01:55:54as well as during ground handling.

01:55:56Do not worry about airport scanners.

01:55:58They won't harm your health.

01:56:00Otherwise, airport employees

01:56:02wouldn't be able to stay near them

01:56:04without special clothing.

01:56:06And the last one.

01:56:08Don't act like a jerk onboard.

01:56:10Behave yourself.

01:56:12I know you will.

01:56:14Also, never try to land a plane on your own.

01:56:16Nah, don't laugh.

01:56:18I'm not kidding.

01:56:20In movies, they often show us

01:56:22that something happens to the pilots

01:56:24and they can't land the plane.

01:56:26And that's when the main character,

01:56:28a very skillful person,

01:56:30starts their game.

01:56:32Unfortunately, it's close to impossible

01:56:34to do it in real life.

01:56:36If a pilot is capable of an aircraft 100%

01:56:38and is ready to follow

01:56:40all the instructions from the ground,

01:56:42they're likely to fail

01:56:44due to one simple aspect.

01:56:46Stress.

01:56:48It is true that there have been cases

01:56:50throughout history

01:56:52when amateurs landed

01:56:54smallish private planes

01:56:56after the incapacitation of a pilot.

01:56:58However, there has never been a case

01:57:00of a non-professional pilot

01:57:02landing a commercial passenger airplane.

01:57:04It's only in the movies.

01:57:06So, it's possible to do it on.

01:57:08But, it's a bit more complicated

01:57:10than just turning a key.

01:57:12Instead, there's a series of buttons

01:57:14and dials on the control board

01:57:16that starts the complicated process.

01:57:18A battery provides the power

01:57:20to the aircraft that is charged

01:57:22through a small electric generator

01:57:24within the jet's tail.

01:57:26Airflow gets in

01:57:28and moves into the jet's engines

01:57:30to keep them cool.

01:57:32A reserve power then warms the turbines

01:57:34by turning them slowly

01:57:36at the same time.

01:57:38With up to four engines

01:57:40on a commercial jet,

01:57:42this entire process can take

01:57:44up to 90 minutes.

01:57:46Planes don't have keys

01:57:48to lock the doors either.

01:57:50But, when they sit idle,

01:57:52jets have security guards

01:57:54constantly monitoring them.

01:57:56But, even if someone happened

01:57:58to get past them,

01:58:00it wouldn't be a quick getaway.

01:58:02When you enter the plane,

01:58:04the captain keeps a close eye

01:58:06on the passengers.

01:58:08If you're a commercial pilot,

01:58:10you gotta have a distance vision

01:58:12of at least 20-20.

01:58:14But, depending on the airline,

01:58:16it's sometimes okay

01:58:18if your perfect vision

01:58:20is assisted with glasses.

01:58:22It's time to find a seat on the plane.

01:58:24You checked in late

01:58:26and you've already had

01:58:28an unpleasant experience

01:58:30of not getting on your flight

01:58:32like that in the past.

01:58:34This is because airlines

01:58:36have a tendency to get

01:58:38in jealousy.

01:58:40There are seats that are

01:58:42always taken much faster

01:58:44because everyone wants

01:58:46to leave the plane

01:58:48as soon as possible

01:58:50after it lands.

01:58:52But, if you're choosing

01:58:54safety over early departure,

01:58:56the back is the place to be.

01:58:58It's estimated to be

01:59:0040% safer in the rear end

01:59:02of the plane.

01:59:04Maybe you prefer

01:59:06the back seat.

01:59:08Compare it to the likelihood

01:59:10of a car accident,

01:59:12which is 1 in 5,000.

01:59:14You've been placed

01:59:16at the emergency exit.

01:59:18Excellent, more legroom!

01:59:20Over the past 30 years,

01:59:22legroom has been decreasing

01:59:24more with every year,

01:59:26up to 5 inches on some airlines.

01:59:28No, you haven't been getting taller.

01:59:30The reason behind this

01:59:32is the more people

01:59:34they're able to fit in,

01:59:36the better the airline

01:59:38will determine

01:59:40its own seating structure.

01:59:42This is also why the seats

01:59:44don't line up with the windows.

01:59:46But it doesn't matter.

01:59:48You have the best seat,

01:59:50although it's always a bit

01:59:52concerning when sitting

01:59:54next to an emergency door.

01:59:56What if you accidentally

01:59:58knocked it while asleep

02:00:00and opened it?

02:00:02Relax, it's actually

02:00:04impossible to open

02:00:06the front foot of the door.

02:00:08But even if you somehow

02:00:10developed Hulk-like strength

02:00:12in your sleep,

02:00:14you still wouldn't be able

02:00:16to open it as there's a series

02:00:18of electrical and mechanical

02:00:20devices that latch it closed.

02:00:22The extra measures are important

02:00:24as the moment the door opens,

02:00:26the entire cabin temperature

02:00:28would quickly drop,

02:00:30and that drastic change

02:00:32in pressure would

02:00:34weaken the plane's structure.

02:00:36Don't turn theirs off

02:00:38and don't even set them

02:00:40to airplane mode.

02:00:42Cell phones can cause issues,

02:00:44but they don't disrupt

02:00:46the electronics as you

02:00:48might believe.

02:00:50There is a genuine concern

02:00:52that while you're flying

02:00:54in the air,

02:00:56your phone can receive

02:00:58signals from multiple towers

02:01:00on the ground,

02:01:02providing stronger

02:01:04distractions for the pilots.

02:01:06The alarm has popped

02:01:08and the seatbelt sign

02:01:10is turned off.

02:01:12The flight attendant

02:01:14walks down the aisle

02:01:16with their arms held outward.

02:01:18Within such a thin passage,

02:01:20they walk this way

02:01:22as it helps with their balance.

02:01:24They try to avoid

02:01:26disrupting passengers,

02:01:28so they don't use

02:01:30the headrest of the seats.

02:01:32And in case of sudden turbulence,

02:01:34there are special grabbing spots

02:01:36for 0.1% of the world's population.

02:01:39You look out the window

02:01:41and notice the white wings.

02:01:43Planes are painted white

02:01:45and other lighter colors as well

02:01:47to help reflect solar radiation.

02:01:49This avoids damage from the sun

02:01:51by reducing the amount of heat

02:01:53the plane receives.

02:01:57But further in the distance,

02:01:59dark clouds approach

02:02:01and the plane is heading

02:02:03towards a thunderstorm.

02:02:04Since it's made of metal,

02:02:06it has to be a big electric conductor,

02:02:08right?

02:02:10Thankfully, jets are fitted

02:02:12with an aluminum shell

02:02:14that conducts electricity very well.

02:02:16The cabin's interior

02:02:18is completely shielded from lightning,

02:02:20protecting electrical systems

02:02:22and leaving us,

02:02:24carbon-based mammals, unhurt.

02:02:26A plane is so perfectly built

02:02:28for electrical storms

02:02:30that it's one of the

02:02:32safest places to be.

02:02:34You're thirsty

02:02:36and you're aware

02:02:38that you should've brought

02:02:40your own water.

02:02:42When aircrafts land

02:02:44at each location,

02:02:46they refill their water supplies.

02:02:48The water quality in a plane

02:02:50is based on where they collected

02:02:52the vital liquid.

02:02:54Many things contribute

02:02:56to the water quality

02:02:58of every airport.

02:03:00Water cabinets,

02:03:02trucks, carts,

02:03:04and avoid even tea.

02:03:06But the food is perfectly fine.

02:03:08As you sit back down,

02:03:10you notice the cabin is cold.

02:03:12Super cold, to be honest.

02:03:14It's intentionally set

02:03:16to around 71 degrees Fahrenheit

02:03:18for a good reason.

02:03:20When people become vulnerable

02:03:22to fainting,

02:03:24it's due to not receiving

02:03:26enough oxygen.

02:03:28And when there's warm air

02:03:30mixed with high cabin pressure,

02:03:32fainting becomes more common.

02:03:35Warmed up with a blanket,

02:03:37you notice the dry air

02:03:39running through your nose

02:03:41and it dehydrates

02:03:43your lips and eyes.

02:03:45But don't worry,

02:03:47the air is completely safe

02:03:49and very clean.

02:03:5140% of the air is recycled

02:03:53and goes through

02:03:55a thorough cleaning system

02:03:57to remove all dust

02:03:59and airborne bacteria.

02:04:01And the other 60%

02:04:02of the air is recycled

02:04:04and goes through

02:04:06a thorough cleaning system

02:04:08to remove

02:04:10all dust

02:04:12and airborne bacteria.

02:04:14It's now dark outside

02:04:16as the plane begins its descent

02:04:18to land and the lights are dimmed.

02:04:20The dimmed lights aren't

02:04:22for the pilots or crew

02:04:24or those at the airport.

02:04:26They're for you.

02:04:28If something goes wrong

02:04:30while landing when it's dark,

02:04:32they're for you.

02:04:34That's it for today.

02:04:36So, hey, if you pacified your curiosity,

02:04:38then give the video a like

02:04:40and share it with your friends.

02:04:42Or if you want more,

02:04:44just click on these videos

02:04:46and stay on the Bright Side.

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