(Adnkronos) - “La miopia, che in Italia colpisce 18 milioni di persone, è una patologia in aumento in tutto il mondo. Prima infanzia, adolescenti e lavoratori videoterminalisti le categorie più a rischio. Fondamentali occhiali e prevenzione”. Lo afferma all’Adnkronos Salute Andrea Piantanida, medico chirurgo specialista in Oftalmologia e membro della Società oftalmologica italiana, in occasione del corso Ecm Fad ‘Vista e miopia. La patologia oculare miopica dall’età infantile all’adulto’ realizzato con il contributo del partner scientifico Società Oftalmologica Italiana e in collaborazione con Fielmann.
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00:00Myopia
00:02Myopia, which affects 18 million people in Italy,
00:05is an increasing pathology worldwide.
00:07Early childhood, adolescents and video-terminal workers
00:11are the most at-risk categories.
00:13Fundamental glasses and prevention,
00:15as stated by Andrea Piantanida,
00:17a surgeon specializing in ophthalmology
00:20and a member of the Italian Ophthalmological Society,
00:23during the ECM-FAD course.
00:26This is myopia, the myopic eye pathology
00:28from childhood to adulthood,
00:30made with the contribution of the scientific partner
00:33Italian Ophthalmological Society,
00:35in collaboration with Philman.
00:37But the diagnosis of myopia is not simple
00:40and therefore the expert advises parents
00:42to pay attention to some alarm bells.
00:46Often children have to approach the blackboard
00:49because they don't see things well or the television.
00:52One of the characteristics of myopia, for example,
00:54is the encounter of frequent blepharopathy
00:56in the pediatric stage.
00:58The child squinting his eyes to see
01:00is another sign.
01:02The difficulty of copying on the blackboard
01:04and writing correctly
01:06can be a sign of a visual defect.
01:08There is also another sign
01:10of blurring of the child
01:12or of the young teenager,
01:14which is the difficulty of focusing
01:16after using the eyes closely,
01:20such as the continuous use
01:22of a smartphone, computer or tablet.
01:27The classification of myopia
01:29is fundamental from a therapeutic point of view.
01:32There are different types of classification.
01:34I would say that for the general public
01:36the simplest classification
01:38is that of mild, intermediate and elevated myopia.
01:41The mild myopia ranges from emetropia
01:45up to at least 3.
01:47From minus 3 to minus 6
01:49it is considered a myopia of medium entity.
01:51Above 6 or 3
01:53it is considered an elevated myopia.
01:55This is very important as a classification
01:57because it will allow us to
01:59possibly act on certain groups of myopia,
02:03while it is impossible to act
02:05on higher myopias
02:07or we will have much less results.
02:09What are the risk factors of myopia?
02:11The close-up work,
02:13that is, the continuous activity
02:15of close-up vision,
02:17of close-up focus,
02:19these are the factors that create
02:21the elongation of the eye,
02:23which is the characteristic of myopia.
02:25It is a defense mechanism
02:27that the body puts in place.
02:29Practically, myopia does not need
02:31to do focus gymnastics,
02:33so much so that many myopias
02:35read without glasses.
02:37Other risk factors are
02:39the close-up life,
02:41that is, the possibility
02:43of being very open
02:45precisely for this visual commitment
02:47to the continuous close-up,
02:49so that there is a reduction
02:51at the level of the brain
02:53of some hormones that are produced
02:55with the stimulation of ultraviolet rays,
02:57whose hormones act directly
02:59on the control of the elongation
03:01of the eye.
03:03So, a life in the open air,
03:05a life in sunlight,
03:07certainly helps
03:09in reducing the risk
03:11of myopia.
03:13Certainly, the lack
03:15of some food factors
03:17that prevent oxidation
03:19and, above all,
03:21of vitamin D,
03:23which is directly linked
03:25to life in the open air,
03:27act on the control
03:29of myopia progression.
03:31Myopia can also lead
03:33to a progressive increase in astrabism.
03:35The myopia phenomenon
03:37also acts a lot
03:39on the ocular motility,
03:41so it has the possibility
03:43to see even double
03:45in adulthood, so
03:47prevention is important.