Ce Peuple Ancien qui a Réduit sa Culture en Cendres Avant de Disparaître

Sympa

Tartessos, une société mystérieuse qui a prospéré entre le IXe et le Ve siècle avant J.-C., a intrigué les historiens pendant des siècles. Mentionnée dans les textes grecs et romains, sa nature exacte était longtemps incertaine : était-ce une ville, un royaume, voire une rivière ? En raison de descriptions contradictoires et d'un manque de preuves archéologiques solides, il était difficile de déterminer ce qu'était réellement Tartessos. De nos jours, on pense généralement que Tartessos était une civilisation formée d'un mélange de peuples indigènes et de colonisateurs grecs et phéniciens dans la péninsule ibérique. Ce mélange unique de cultures a créé une société riche et fascinante qui a finalement disparu brusquement, laissant derrière elle de nombreuses questions sans réponse.  Animation créée par Sympa. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com   Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna​ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nos réseaux sociaux : Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/  Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres): https://www.depositphotos.com https://www.shutterstock.com https://www.eastnews.ru ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:  http://sympa-sympa.com

Transcript

00:00 Tartessos, a mysterious and very advanced society that once prospered, then suddenly disappeared without a cry.

00:09 But before their total disappearance, they performed strange rituals, as if they were looking to protect themselves from something.

00:18 What could have happened to them? Let's try to find out together.

00:23 We are in the southwest of Spain, about 2,500 years ago. Once upon a time, there was a splendid city here.

00:33 The center of Tartessos trade. Imagine a temple in the heart of a deserted city. A monumental two-story building to cut the breath.

00:44 A powerful smell of grilled meat fills the air, and smoke rises high in the sky, embalming the whole sanctuary.

00:50 The sun has already set. It's time to prepare for the ritual.

00:55 We enter the old monumental hall. Inside, hundreds of people gather around a long wooden table, decorated with delicate pottery and bronze bowls.

01:07 They drink and party. These people have much more fun than the animals outside the building, which are being prepared for the ritual.

01:15 Horses, cows, pigs, donkeys, and even dogs. All were brought here to appease the deities.

01:23 And what happens after the ritual is even more incredible. At the end of the ceremony, people grab torches and set fire to the whole building.

01:33 Everything is reduced to ash and reddish embers. And when the last ones go out, we grab shovels and start to bury the place.

01:41 It will take them several days to bury the old sanctuary under tons of earth. They work relentlessly.

01:49 At some places, the thickness of the layers of mud and clay will reach more than 4 meters.

01:55 Then, these people, the last known Tartessians, simply leave the place and disappear from our world. Forever.

02:04 But what happened? Why did they do all this? Let's start with the beginning.

02:11 Tartessos was mentioned for the first time in Greek and Roman texts several thousand years ago.

02:16 But for a long time, we did not know exactly what he was referring to. All these descriptions were as confusing as contradictory.

02:23 Some archaeologists thought that Tartessos was a maritime port. Others believed that it was a river or a reservoir.

02:32 Some even suggested a link with the mythical Atlantis. An idea quickly rejected by the scientific community, without proof.

02:41 But today, finally, we know the truth.

02:45 Tartessos was an ancient civilization located on the Iberian Peninsula, one of the most southern regions of Europe.

02:51 It prospered from the 9th to the 5th century BC. Before suddenly disappearing, about 2,500 years ago.

02:59 This civilization was prosperous. The region had large reserves of metals, favoring a flourishing economy.

03:07 Money, copper, lead and other resources were extracted from the local mountains of Sierra Morena.

03:14 Almost all the inhabitants gave up trade, an activity widespread among them.

03:20 Isn't it strange that there are so few traces of their existence?

03:24 Few monuments of their culture have survived to this day. In all, scientists have been able to identify about 20 archaeological sites linked to Tartessos throughout Spain.

03:35 Three of them were discovered in the Guadiana Valley.

03:39 Cancho Roano, Casas del Turunuelo and La Mata.

03:44 Let's start with the first.

03:46 Cancho Roano was discovered in 1978. This find is one of the most significant pieces of the Tartessian puzzle.

03:55 It is one of the best preserved structures of this civilization.

04:00 Not only the walls have survived to this day, but also the hotel, the ditch around it and several artifacts such as jewels and goblets.

04:12 It was a square building surrounded by a deep ditch filled with water.

04:16 And to be honest, we still do not know its exact function.

04:21 We simply assume that it could be an old temple.

04:25 Some rituals were practiced there, such as the fire of the temple followed by its burning under thick layers of sand and clay.

04:33 Some precious artifacts were even left there, such as tools and gold jewelry.

04:39 Let's move on to the next discovery.

04:41 Casas del Turunuelo is also one of the most preserved complexes of this time of the entire western Mediterranean basin.

04:49 Discovered only a few years ago, in 2015, it has not yet been fully studied.

04:55 But we already know that this place was rather strange.

05:00 Casas del Turunuelo was a sumptuous building and not a simple camp.

05:06 We are talking about a place with monumental and impressive architecture.

05:11 With vast stairs, vaults at the ceiling, refined materials from all over the Mediterranean, and the very last of its construction technology.

05:21 It was supposed to be a place of power, maybe even a palace.

05:26 And yes, this place has also become the setting for terrible rituals.

05:31 We don't really know if the Tartessians intended to destroy this magnificent place from the start.

05:36 But this is where they performed the largest ritual in the region, involving more than 50 animals, including the most precious.

05:44 Horses, which were their only means of transport.

05:48 The fact that they helped sacrifice their horses may indicate that they planned to stay here for a while.

05:55 Perhaps they hoped to appease the gods and settle on these lands.

05:59 The ritual was carried out exactly as they wished.

06:03 And, like Cancho Roano, the place was also set on fire.

06:08 Once the ritual was over, the inhabitants buried the site and left, scattered throughout the Iberian Peninsula.

06:16 Today, it is a quiet and deserted place.

06:19 Just like Cancho Roano, it has been standing here intact for more than 2,000 years.

06:25 Our last discovery is that of the Mata, which was set on fire much earlier than the other two, in 1930.

06:32 The resemblance between them is striking, because the Mata has suffered the same fate.

06:37 It was set on fire and forgotten for centuries.

06:41 All of this remains very strange.

06:43 It seems that the Tartessians were running away from something.

06:47 Perhaps events led them to build these banquet halls and to organize large-scale rituals.

06:54 They may have thought that the gods had turned away from them and tried to appease them.

06:59 But alas, it did not work.

07:02 As a result, they were forced to leave their temple and quickly disappeared forever.

07:07 And besides, why did they disappear after all?

07:11 Well, that's another mystery of this civilization.

07:15 One of the most important questions is, did they know they were going to disappear or was it unexpected?

07:23 Did they avoid a sudden disaster that they tried to escape from?

07:27 Or was it something else?

07:29 Scientists have several theories on this subject.

07:32 The first theory advances that several major earthquakes and consecutive tsunamis could have occurred in the region.

07:39 These natural disasters would have destroyed these populations and strongly demoralized the survivors.

07:45 Perhaps they were trying to escape from this.

07:48 Another theory evokes some problems of commercial order.

07:52 Being rich in ore and dependent on their economy, any problem at this level could have caused serious difficulties.

07:58 If they had experienced a mining crisis, then the relations between different nations could have deteriorated considerably, making the situation very difficult.

08:07 The truth is probably somewhere between these theories.

08:11 The most recent suggests that in the 6th century BC, a large-scale tsunami would have hit the port of Tartessos,

08:18 seriously damaging the economy and deteriorating the relations between Tartessos and its neighbors.

08:23 Whatever it is, it's all speculation.

08:26 This site is a real gold mine for archaeologists.

08:30 It contains an immense amount of information and secrets that are still waiting to be revealed.

08:36 The Tartessians had no idea that by burying their artifacts, they were offering an invaluable gift to future researchers.

08:44 And while scientists continue their research, we can already admire the discoveries made so far.

08:52 History lovers can admire Tartessian tools, horse figurines and ivory pieces decorated at the archaeological museum of Badagios.

09:01 Let's hope that in the future archaeologists will learn more about this civilization and that we will finally discover what happened to them.

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