Avez-vous entendu parler du noyau interne de la Terre ? Apparemment, il change soudainement de direction, ce qui est plutôt important ! Les scientifiques ont découvert que le noyau de métal solide au centre de notre planète pourrait tourner dans la direction opposée à celle qu'il prenait auparavant. Ce changement pourrait perturber notre champ magnétique et même affecter légèrement la durée de nos jours. C'est encore un peu mystérieux, mais c'est incroyablement fascinant de voir tout ce qui se passe sous nos pieds à notre insu ! Animation créée par Sympa.
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Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
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Nos réseaux sociaux :
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Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
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https://www.eastnews.ru
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FunTranscript
00:00Imagine a world of burning metal, where iron and nickel dance in a inferno of fire.
00:07It is the inner core, the heart of our planet.
00:10But what would happen if this same heart was changing?
00:14Recent research suggests that the inner core of the Earth could slow down and even reverse its rotation.
00:21Is this a sign of the end of time?
00:23Will the Earth collapse on itself?
00:26Let's find out.
00:28Imagine that you have a giant onion and that each layer represents a different layer of the Earth.
00:34The center of this onion, the part that you can never reach, represents the inner core of the Earth.
00:40It's like a mysterious land where no one has ever set foot.
00:44Yet scientists have been trying to unravel these secrets for centuries.
00:49Imagine diving deep into the center of the Earth, beyond the crust, the mantle,
00:54and finally, at 2897 km below the surface, where you would reach the inner core.
01:01It is a burning metal ball, composed of solid iron and nickel, and it is so hot that it shines with a brilliant white.
01:08It is also surrounded by a liquid external core.
01:12This mysterious place is incomparable to any other on our planet.
01:16And, believe me, it rotates on its own axis.
01:19The inner core is like a tornado of fire that constantly swirls,
01:23generating heat and energy from the inside to the outside.
01:27But why is it so important to study this little piece of the Earth?
01:31Well, it is responsible for the creation of our magnetic field.
01:35This magnetic field is important to study because it protects us from the harmful sun's radiation.
01:41It is generated by the metal movement in fusion in the external core of the Earth and the rotation of the Earth.
01:47These movements produce electric currents, which then create the magnetic field.
01:52It is like a shield that protects us and helps to keep our planet in good health and safety.
01:58But there are still so many things that we do not know about the inner core.
02:02For example, how was it formed?
02:04Scientists believe that it began to solidify about a billion years ago.
02:09But why did it happen?
02:11What was the trigger?
02:12Or, for example, what about the crystalline structure of the inner core?
02:16We think it is a type of iron called hexagonal compact iron.
02:21But we still do not know if this is actually the case.
02:24In other words, we have many theories.
02:27But, unfortunately, there is no way to confirm them.
02:30At least for now.
02:32So, how do scientists study the inner core if no one can go there?
02:37They use seismology.
02:39Seismology is like a sonic scanner for the Earth.
02:42You send sound waves through the Earth and measure the way they bounce to see what is inside.
02:49This is essentially how we discovered the inner core in the 1930s.
02:54Imagine that you listen to the sound waves with your special seismology machine.
02:58Suddenly, you hear a strange noise, like a ping.
03:02It is different from the other sounds you've heard, and you can't explain why.
03:07You keep listening, and you hear the ping again and again.
03:11You begin to realize that this ping occurs every time the sound wave reaches the center of the Earth.
03:17You study the data more and more, and finally, you understand.
03:21The Earth has a solid inner core.
03:23This discovery was a great breakthrough and helped us better understand what is inside our planet and how it works.
03:31At the moment, scientists are also using something similar to study what is inside our planet.
03:38When earthquakes occur, waves cross the Earth and bounce on different layers, including the inner core.
03:46By studying these waves, scientists can learn about the properties of the inner core, such as its density and temperature.
03:52They essentially solve a mystery by collecting small clues.
03:56And each new discovery brings us a little closer to understanding.
04:00The inner core is a unique and fascinating part of our planet.
04:04It is a place where the laws of physics work differently from those on the surface.
04:09And it is a place where scientists are still trying to unravel these many mysteries.
04:13And here is one of them.
04:15For some reason, the heart of our planet is about to stop spinning.
04:21A new study on this subject was published in Nature Geosciences.
04:25It was carried out by researchers from the University of Beijing in China.
04:29It revealed a huge rebound.
04:31Scientists discovered that the rotation rate of the inner core had slowed considerably.
04:37This is something no one expected.
04:39But according to the results of their study, the slowdown began in 2009.
04:45And that's not all.
04:46Their results also suggest that the inner core could reverse its rotation.
04:51It's true.
04:52This hot ball of iron and nickel that has been spinning for millions of years could be slowing down and changing direction.
04:59It's like when a spinning top starts slowing down.
05:02Except that it happens in the center of our planet.
05:05Scientists are perplexed by this discovery for some time now.
05:10So what does that mean?
05:12And why does it happen?
05:14Well, it seems that there could be a broader issue.
05:18Scientists think that this change in the rotation of the inner core could be due to the influence of the Earth's mantle and the magnetic field of the Earth's outer core.
05:28The mantle and the outer core influence the inner core, which causes a slowdown in its rotation rate and could potentially change direction.
05:38Before this study, scientists thought that the inner core was spinning faster than the Earth's crust.
05:44However, this new information suggests that the inner core could slow down due to the gravitational effect of the Earth's mantle and the magnetic field of its outer core.
05:55But this is where it gets even more interesting.
05:57When researchers examined the data dating back to the 1960s, they discovered that the rotation of the Earth's inner core was constant from the end of the 1970s to the beginning of the 2000s.
06:10Before that, they found that another possible event of slowdown or reversal could have occurred in the early 1970s.
06:18It's as if the rotation of the inner core was like a roller coaster, accelerating, slowing down, and even being able to reverse its trajectory over a period of time.
06:28Researchers estimate that these changes occur every seven decades or so, which is pretty crazy.
06:34But why does this happen?
06:36Unfortunately, we still have no idea.
06:38The exact reasons why the Earth's inner core sometimes stops and starts spinning in another direction are not yet well understood.
06:46However, scientists think that this could be due to complex interactions between the solid inner core and the surrounding liquid outer core.
06:55Many different elements can intervene here.
06:58Temperature changes, pressure, and composition of the core, as well as the movement of materials within the core itself, etc.
07:07Also, as we said before, the Earth's magnetic field and the gravitational forces coming from the surrounding mantle could also play a role here.
07:16We need additional research to fully understand the mechanisms behind the changes in the rotation of the inner core.
07:23So, is the world ending?
07:25Fortunately, no, not right away.
07:27Although the inner core is currently changing direction, it is not the end of the world as we know it.
07:33And even if the discoveries may seem very important, life on the surface of the Earth has not been greatly affected, not at all.
07:40In fact, it is just a fascinating aspect of the Earth's internal functioning that we learn more about every day.
07:46So you can say with relief that nothing catastrophic is happening.
07:50In addition, according to Hrvoje Tkalsic, geophysicist at the Australian National University,
07:56the inner core is now more in phase with the rest of the planet than it was a decade ago.
08:03Overall, this new study has added a strange twist to the history of the Earth's inner core.
08:09And scientists think there is still a lot to discover on this mysterious place.
08:14Who knows what other secrets are hidden in the heart of our planet?
08:17The possibilities are endless.
08:19So, let's keep looking and enjoy our stay on this incredible planet.