Préparez-vous pour une révélation scientifique ! Les niveaux d'oxygène sur Terre ont grimpé à un niveau sans précédent de 50%, suscitant un tourbillon de spéculations et d'émerveillement. Plongez dans notre exploration de scénarios "Et si" époustouflants qui mettront au défi votre compréhension du monde qui nous entoure. Rejoignez-nous dans ce voyage extraordinaire de découverte et d'imagination ! Ne manquez pas les incroyables découvertes qui vous attendent ! #EtSi #Terre #Oxygene Animation créée par Sympa.
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Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna
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Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/
Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
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Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
http://sympa-sympa.com
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FunTranscript
00:00Imagine a planet where each inspiration fills your body with energy, like an espresso.
00:07The sky above you is an intense blue, while gargantuan trees spread far into the atmosphere,
00:14their leaves of a sparkling glass pushing at a stupefying speed.
00:19Your daily jogging becomes an unparalleled pleasure.
00:22Thanks to the abundance of oxygen, you become a boosted version of yourself.
00:27Running on foot is done effortlessly, while you rush through the landscape
00:32and lift weights that would normally seem unremovable to you.
00:36It's as if the world itself was imbued with energy.
00:39Everything goes faster.
00:41The fauna around you is also affected by this overload of oxygen.
00:45Animals gallop on earth with grace, their massive bones propelled by an unparalleled agility.
00:51Imagine yourself in a tiresome pursuit with a cheetah doped with oxygen,
00:56facing a predator that could bring misery to a Ferrari.
01:00You may be wondering how such a scenario is possible.
01:04Let's see.
01:05Oxygen is the powerful fuel that allows life on earth to exist as such.
01:11It makes up about 21% of the air we breathe,
01:14and each inspiration we take transmits these small molecules to our cells,
01:19providing them with the energy they need to develop.
01:22Without oxygen, they would be suffocated and our bodies would collapse.
01:26But that's not all.
01:28Oxygen is a panacea that works for all kinds of living beings,
01:32from tiny bacteria to gigantic elephants.
01:35It is even crucial underwater, where it enriches the oceans.
01:38Amazing creatures such as plankton and algae produce a lot of oxygen,
01:43thus creating a prosperous underwater world.
01:46But to understand the impact of high oxygen levels on the planet,
01:50get ready for a little time travel.
01:53Recently, scientists made an amazing discovery.
01:56They tested rocks from two different places, very far from each other.
02:01And guess what?
02:02These rocks contained tiny gas pockets,
02:05which showed how oxygen levels had increased by nearly a third in a very short time,
02:10like a breath of fresh air on a planetary scale.
02:13The researchers therefore studied these rocks,
02:16and discovered that oxygen levels were much higher at the time.
02:20Imagine luxurious landscapes, impenetrable forests,
02:24and huge swamps that spread all over the place.
02:28During the Carboniferous period,
02:30oxygen permeated the atmosphere with an impressive concentration of 20%,
02:34just like today.
02:36But over the 50 million years that followed,
02:38its content rose sharply to reach 35%.
02:42Can you imagine what happened?
02:44The increase in oxygen levels caused an incredible phenomenon.
02:48Huge forests grew all over the Earth,
02:50creating a greenish world that was breathtaking.
02:53Vast swamps spread in low-altitude areas,
02:56giving the landscape a surrealistic look.
02:59At the same time, carbon dioxide levels fell.
03:03Normally, when things decompose,
03:05microbes release carbon dioxide into the air.
03:08This gas acts as a heating blanket,
03:11imprisoning the heat of the sun and increasing temperatures.
03:15But in these unfathomable swamps,
03:17where the giant plants were submerged,
03:20microbes could not do their job.
03:23Result?
03:24The planet became very cold.
03:26Who would have thought that a breath of fresh air could act so literally?
03:30Scientists are still trying to understand why this happened.
03:34But one thing is certain.
03:35The phenomenon did not appear in one place.
03:38It was a global trend.
03:40It is as if the planet had fun with the buttons of the thermostat.
03:44But let's go even further.
03:46We see the first dinosaurs of America make their entrance.
03:49The high levels of oxygen gave a blow to the outbreak of these powerful saurians across the globe.
03:55Imagine tropics populated by huge and majestic creatures.
04:00The dinosaurs obviously did not appear from nowhere.
04:03They benefited from a changing environment that was perfect for their evolution.
04:07Oxygen levels played an important role in this parade of dinosaurs.
04:11And the increase in their concentration led to an increase in their size.
04:15Starting with predators like the chindesaurus,
04:18and shortly after, huge dinosaurs like the sauropods,
04:21which took possession of the earth.
04:23Then, 65 million years ago, the dinosaurs disappeared,
04:27and it was the mammals that took over.
04:30And here is the most interesting part.
04:32Mammals never reached the size of dinosaurs.
04:35How to explain this?
04:37Mammals, among which humans, by the way,
04:41have the particularity of being able to regulate their body temperature.
04:44But this has a cost.
04:46We need a lot of energy to stay warm,
04:49unlike reptiles and dinosaurs.
04:51Saurians did not care to regulate their temperature,
04:55and could therefore concentrate their resources on their growth.
04:59The largest dinosaurs were about ten times larger than the largest mammals.
05:04It's a bit like a pretentious child.
05:06Everything you can do, I can do it ten times bigger.
05:10Dinosaurs may have similar limits in terms of their maximum size,
05:15but they were much less strict.
05:18Before the extinction of dinosaurs, mammals were very small,
05:22and many species disappeared at the same time as the dinosaurs.
05:26But the survivors took advantage of this ecosystem left vacant,
05:29and quickly diversified to reach different sizes.
05:33However, after 42 million years of growth,
05:36the size of mammals has reached a ceiling.
05:39This phenomenon is observed on all continents,
05:42most likely due to the surface of the land and their temperature.
05:46The colder environments have allowed mammals to grow,
05:49but the balance between the size of the body and the heat has become difficult to find.
05:54The extension of habitable lands has also played a role in the maintenance of large populations.
06:00But the increase in the size of animals is not the only thing that oxygen can do.
06:04This gas is a real touch of everything.
06:07It also acts as a faithful bodyguard,
06:09protecting us from harmful UV rays and other dangers from space.
06:14Without oxygen, we would be defenseless against such threats.
06:18Oxygen also plays a leading role in the formation of storms.
06:22It is associated with other gases in the atmosphere,
06:25to give the sky the appearance of tornadoes, hurricanes and electric storms.
06:30They mix in the air, creating the ideal conditions
06:33for these massive meteorological phenomena to occur.
06:36These can be dangerous, but they play an important role.
06:41They contribute to the distribution of nutrients and organic matter,
06:45by moving the earth, leaves and other debris to new places.
06:49And if we decide to play with the forces of nature
06:52and increase oxygen levels to insane levels,
06:5530, 40 or even 50%,
06:57we all know that we should not abuse good things.
07:00We talk about oxygen toxicity
07:02when too much carbon dioxide leads to health problems.
07:06It's like eating a lot of candy.
07:08It's fun at first, but you'll regret it soon enough.
07:12Surprisingly, an overdose of oxygen can make you struggle to breathe,
07:16like a tired dancer who desperately needs a break.
07:19At first, you can feel a recovery of energy, but it won't last.
07:24Dizziness is felt,
07:26as if you had been dancing on the dance floor for hours without stopping.
07:30In extreme cases, an excess of oxygen can even harm your body,
07:34giving you the impression of being hit by a truck.
07:37So while oxygen is always on our side and gives us life,
07:41it is important to appreciate its delicate balance.
07:44So don't rush on the first breathing equipment.
07:48In addition, we would not be the only creatures to suffer from this orgy of oxygen.
07:53Mammals, as a whole, will have a hard time adapting to these extreme levels.
07:58The balance of forces between species will change radically,
08:02and the winners will fight for their survival in a world that will escape all control.
08:06We will need stronger shelters to deal with these disproportionate animals.
08:10We will have to remain agile to avoid danger.
08:13And in the midst of all this chaos, we will observe amazing adaptation efforts.
08:18Birds will fly higher than ever, overheading up to the clouds.
08:22Also prepare for more natural disasters,
08:26and for ecosystems with ever more precarious balance.
08:29Fires will start very quickly and will rage for weeks,
08:33making forest fires a constant threat.
08:36Even the smallest spark from a campfire can cause a real disaster.
08:41We will have to rethink our cooking and heating methods,
08:45in order to remain safe in this over-oxygenated world.
08:48But let's not forget another aspect of oxygen.
08:51If the content of our planet was a little weaker, let's say about 15%,
08:55we would be confronted with a completely different struggle.
08:59Each breath would be difficult,
09:01which would exhaust us and leave us constantly out of breath.
09:05Physical activity would become extremely harsh,
09:08and our memory and concentration would suffer.
09:11So let's be grateful for the levels of oxygen we have today.
09:16They represent the perfect balance to allow us to flourish.
09:20During our millennial adventure in an oxygen-rich world,
09:24we were able to admire the wonders of breathing,
09:28and observe the delicate balance of our planet.
09:31Let's cherish the magic of each breath.
09:34Let's respect the relationship between oxygen and life.
09:38And let's take advantage of each moment of the incredible journey that is our existence on Earth.
09:44A magnitude 15 earthquake could completely destroy the planet
09:48and make all the water evaporate in a few seconds,
09:51making the Earth uninhabitable.
09:53More than half a million earthquakes are recorded each year.
09:56But none has reached such a magnitude.
09:5990% of earthquakes occur in the Pacific fire belt.
10:04The ground there is like ice.
10:07It shakes almost constantly.
10:09The most powerful earthquake that has ever hit the Earth had a magnitude of 9.5.
10:15Such a power is capable of lengthening or shortening a day.
10:20However, there is undoubtedly an earthquake happening right now,
10:25caused by a grain of dust landing on a table.
10:28But its magnitude is less than 15.
10:31Earthquakes occur when tectonic plates move.
10:36They are like poorly fixed Lego pieces.
10:39When they move up, down or collide with each other,
10:44the ground also moves, which triggers earthquakes.
10:48This energy is like a battery.
10:50It can be stored for a very long time, up to 500 years.
10:54When it is suddenly released, the consequences are terrible.
10:58Even the strongest structures succumb to this relentless force,
11:02which causes immense destruction.
11:05In some cases, earthquakes can even trigger tsunamis, amplifying chaos.
11:11Such a power can crack and open the ground and cause damage of great gravity.
11:17The force of an earthquake is measured by the Richter scale,
11:21but it is also measured by the magnitude scale of the moment.
11:25When there is an earthquake, we hear about its force.
11:28It is generally from 1 to 10.
11:30Fortunately, we have not yet had an earthquake of 10 on the Richter scale.
11:34The most powerful earthquake in modern history occurred in Chile in the 1960s.
11:39It was about 9.5 on the Richter scale,
11:43and it changed the rotation of the earth and the duration of our days by almost 2 milliseconds.
11:48It also caused a tsunami of great violence
11:51and affected a vast area of 4,000 square kilometers.
11:55The Richter scale does not really have a limit.
11:59However, everything that would exceed 25 would not need to be measured
12:03because if it happened, we would simply turn into dust,
12:07and no one would worry about measuring the disaster.
12:10As we said, the most violent earthquake had a magnitude of 9.5.
12:15If this magnitude had been stronger than half a point only,
12:19it would have created a line of rupture of 3,500 kilometers long.
12:24It's almost seven times the size of Wyoming.
12:27An earthquake of magnitude 11 would create a current crack on half the globe.
12:32Huge tsunamis would hit coastal areas, destroying everything,
12:36and we would experience a large-scale environmental crisis.
12:40If you like hiking, you would have new mountains to explore,
12:44created by the terrifying earthquake.
12:46Even the temperature could rise due to volcanic eruptions
12:50and greenhouse gases resulting from this disaster.
12:53Our planet would be like a burning oven.
12:55The safest areas would be those that are the farthest from cities,
12:59seas, oceans, and mountains, where landslides would be rare.
13:04Countries not prepared for earthquakes would be completely destroyed,
13:08and cities would turn into piles of rubble and dust.
13:11And climbing the Richter scale would only make things worse.
13:15But rest assured, an earthquake of this magnitude is impossible.
13:19The Earth does not have enough energy to produce such earthquakes.
13:23But there is something that has much more power
13:27and that can cause mega-earthquakes.
13:29Asteroids have enough strength to destroy our planet,
13:33as we know since the era of dinosaurs.
13:35This asteroid was about 10 km long and caused huge damage to the planet.
13:40It triggered earthquakes that shook the ground for months.
13:44These earthquakes were about 50,000 times more violent than the famous Chilean earthquake.
13:50And they caused a tsunami 30,000 times more powerful than the tsunami of the Indian Ocean.
13:56However, it was one of the most devastating tsunamis to ever hit the Earth.
14:01The earthquakes caused by the asteroid in question had a magnitude of 11,
14:06making it the most powerful and most frightening natural disaster ever recorded.
14:11Let's hope it doesn't happen again.
14:13The tsunami of the Indian Ocean only affected certain areas.
14:17The tsunami of the asteroid, on the other hand,
14:19affected the entire planet and its waves measured at 10 meters high.
14:22Even if you had traveled to the farthest place on Earth,
14:25you would not have been able to escape this nightmare.
14:29A magnitude 15 earthquake would not be 50% stronger than the Chilean earthquake.
14:34This scale does not work like that.
14:37It would be about 100 million times more powerful than a magnitude 9.5 earthquake.
14:42It could make all the water on Earth evaporate,
14:45leaving us in an immense desert with no chance of survival.
14:49All ecosystems would collapse, all food chains would be broken,
14:54and probably only a few ultra-resistant bacteria would survive this plague.
14:59And this is only a small part of the disaster that would occur then.
15:03The ocean regulates the temperature of our planet.
15:06Without it, the Earth would be super hot.
15:09The ocean also serves as a shield against the powerful rays of the sun.
15:13It absorbs heat and cools the Earth.
15:16According to scientists, the most serious thing for us would be the impossibility
15:20for the Earth's crust to resist the violent shake of a magnitude 15 earthquake.
15:25If by miracle our planet survived and did not immediately fall into dust,
15:29there would still be huge cracks in its crust.
15:32The ground would become gelatinous.
15:34It would move randomly up, down, left and right,
15:38and no building could hold.
15:41We would be sent back to the Stonehenge era.
15:44Such tectonic movements are extremely devastating.
15:47A similar thing happened in Japan,
15:49when the tectonic plates moved about 50 meters apart from each other,
15:53then came together, creating a magnitude 9 earthquake.
15:58No place on Earth is safe from this natural phenomenon that is cold in the back.
16:02However, some areas are more likely to be destroyed than others,
16:06like the Belt of Fire, where 90% of earthquakes occur.
16:11It is a place where earthquakes are almost daily.
16:14The Belt of Fire is located in the Pacific Ocean.
16:17It forms like a ring along the continents bordering the Pacific.
16:21There, several tectonic plates meet, and the ground there is extremely unstable.
16:26To make the problem even more terrifying, 75% of active volcanoes are located in this area.
16:3390% of dormant volcanoes are also located there, making this place extremely dangerous.
16:39Scientists are closely monitoring this region,
16:42and are looking for a way to predict when the next earthquake will strike.
16:47But the Belt of Fire is not the only place at risk.
16:50In California, along the St. Andreas fault,
16:53two tectonic plates have accumulated energy for more than 200 years.
16:58The St. Andreas fault extends over 1,150 kilometers,
17:01and could cause a powerful earthquake.
17:04People in this region are very afraid of earthquakes.
17:07The one in San Francisco in 1906 struck a chord.
17:11It had a magnitude of 7.8 on the Richter scale.
17:14Scientists' predictions are frightening.
17:17They say that the probability of an earthquake of magnitude 6.7 is very high in the region.
17:24If everything starts to go wrong, you'll have to know what to do.
17:27Avoid everything that can fall on you.
17:29Windows, cupboards and unstable ceilings.
17:32Experts are used to saying that in such circumstances,
17:35you have to crouch, cover yourself and hang on.
17:38Stay close to the ground.
17:40Hide under something stable and don't move until the tremors stop.
17:44Stay even under your shelter for two more minutes
17:47in case there are replicas or debris falls.
17:50Make sure there is no gas leak.
17:53If it smells like gas, don't turn on the lights and do nothing that could ignite it.
17:57Stay strong and be brave.