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00:46 - Hyenas are feline form carnivore mammals
00:50 of the family Hyenidae.
00:52 Despite their low diversity,
00:58 hyenas are unique and vital components
01:01 of most African ecosystems.
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01:10 Hyenas originated in the jungles of Miocene Eurasia
01:14 22 million years ago,
01:16 when most early feline form species
01:18 were still largely arboreal.
01:20 Lions and hyenas inhabit the same geographic ranges
01:32 in Africa and depend on the same prey as food.
01:36 (dramatic music)
01:39 This competition fuels a relationship
01:46 characterized by animosity.
01:48 When the animals cross each other's paths,
01:58 they react with hostility,
01:59 sometimes without apparent reason.
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02:04 Observers have noted occasions where male lions
02:24 seem to take pleasure in harassing or killing hyenas.
02:28 (dramatic music)
02:30 Because lions and hyenas both consume the same prey,
02:38 they are each other's most common competitors.
02:41 Lions are three to four times larger than hyenas
02:49 and kill larger animals.
02:51 A group of hyenas, however,
02:56 can often use teamwork to intimidate a lion
02:59 away from its kill.
03:00 Both lions and hyenas frequently steal from each other.
03:17 Lions have learned to recognize the feeding calls
03:20 of hyenas after a recent kill.
03:22 (dramatic music)
03:25 They follow the calls to the source
03:31 and chase the hyenas from their prey.
03:33 Although it would seem abundant prey
03:43 would lessen the hostility between lions and hyenas,
03:46 the opposite has been observed.
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03:51 Although the two species share the same geographic range,
04:07 both lions and hyenas are territorial
04:10 and extremely aggressive toward one another.
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04:16 Lions have been known to kill hyena young
04:23 and a lion entering hyena territory is dealt with swiftly
04:27 and aggressively by the individuals guarding the den.
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04:36 Africa is home to wildebeests,
04:46 also known as ox-headed antelopes.
04:49 The Serengeti Plains are their natural habitat.
05:00 Wildebeests have a plethora of natural predators.
05:03 Its predators include lions, leopards, hyenas,
05:07 and wild dogs.
05:09 Because wildebeests travel in herds,
05:21 they can defend themselves against predators.
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05:27 These creatures, which weigh between 150 and 300 kilograms,
05:41 are prey for predators.
05:53 These wildebeests are forced to migrate once
05:56 or twice a year due to drought
05:58 and they face a variety of threats in the wild.
06:01 He must use extreme caution even when drinking water.
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06:23 Lions pride would rather hunt much larger preys,
06:27 but solitary lions notoriously consume antelopes
06:30 as their prey.
06:31 These big cats are not known for their speed,
06:46 but they have developed two hunting methods to compensate.
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06:52 The first, they either stalk and ambush quarry.
06:57 The second, they hide in a bush close to a water source
07:05 and wait for prey.
07:06 Patience wins the day for lions.
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07:15 Antelope's inability to learn from mistakes
07:34 also supports the lion's attack style.
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07:40 Time after time, the felines composure can result in a kill.
08:06 Eagles are large, powerfully built birds of prey
08:10 with heavy heads and beaks.
08:11 Most of the 60 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa.
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08:36 Due to the size and power of many eagle species,
08:52 they are ranked at the top of the food chain
08:54 as apex predators in the avian world.
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09:14 Thanks for watching.
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