Hindi mawawala sa hapag kainan ng mga Pinoy ng kanin, pero sa gitna ng epekto ng lumalalang climate change, bumababa ang produksyon ng bigas sa Pilipinas, habang tumataas pa ang importasyon nito.
Kamakailan, idineklara ang food security emergency on rice ang Department of Agriculture para mapababa ang mataas na presyo ng bigas sa merkado, pero ayon sa mga magsasaka, hindi na raw kailangan lumayo para sa solusyon.
Alamin ito sa Climate+ #DigiDokyu.
Kamakailan, idineklara ang food security emergency on rice ang Department of Agriculture para mapababa ang mataas na presyo ng bigas sa merkado, pero ayon sa mga magsasaka, hindi na raw kailangan lumayo para sa solusyon.
Alamin ito sa Climate+ #DigiDokyu.
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NewsTranscript
00:00In every meal, the most important food for Filipinos is rice.
00:10But with the increasing effects of climate change,
00:15the production of rice in the country is decreasing.
00:18And its importation is increasing.
00:23On February 3, the Department of Agriculture declared a food security emergency for rice.
00:30Its purpose is to lower the high price of rice in the market.
00:34Despite being an agricultural country of the Philippines,
00:38we are the largest importer of rice in the world.
00:41But according to the affected farmers,
00:44there is no need to stand up for the solution.
00:48The vast land of Nueva Ecija is rich in rice.
01:00In 2024, almost 10% of the rice produced in the Philippines came from Nueva Ecija.
01:06That is why it is considered the rice granary of the country.
01:10Silio de Velayo is a farmer from Nueva Ecija.
01:19Like many other farmers, he is also affected by the climate crisis.
01:25There was a calamity.
01:27If we remember, there were 4 typhoons here in Luzon.
01:33Almost two of the typhoons we saw here were super typhoons.
01:40The reason for this is that the farmers who were affected by these typhoons
01:46had almost no rice.
01:48The rice they had was low.
01:51The main reason for this is that they lost money.
01:56Because if you sell rice,
02:00if you get the same amount of rain, the price will be low.
02:06The Philippines is hit by typhoons year after year.
02:09In 2023, almost P10 billion worth of agriculture was damaged due to the calamity.
02:16When the Christine typhoon hit in November 2024,
02:20P4.46 billion worth of rice was destroyed.
02:25These problems faced by farmers in the Philippines
02:29have reached other countries.
02:32Support and protect the Filipino farmers.
02:37Long live the farmers.
02:40Long live the food sovereignty.
02:44I went there as a farmer.
02:46I had a presentation on climate change
02:53and it was devastating.
02:56In November 2024,
02:58the 29th United Nations Climate Change Conference, or COP29, was held.
03:04This was the country's first meeting to solve global warming.
03:09Negotiations, meetings, and media advisories were held every two weeks.
03:15It was an opportunity for Leody to represent the Filipino farmers.
03:20Are we just going to ignore what's happening to us?
03:24We are already having a big problem based on what we have mentioned.
03:27We, the farmers, are affected by this climate change.
03:32We should also speak up.
03:35We should have a voice.
03:39Aside from the stronger typhoons,
03:41farmers also have a problem when the weather is bad.
03:45If it doesn't rain, there is no way to plant.
03:49Even if we want to have a water reservoir,
03:53it's not enough.
03:55It's not enough for our needs.
04:01Leody is ready to plant rice this year.
04:05It's not a typical rice plant that you can buy in the market.
04:10I discovered three types of rice
04:15that can be harvested early.
04:18I was able to harvest the water that was in the water reservoir just in time.
04:24The rice was harvested early.
04:27The rice is strong against diseases,
04:30strong against humans,
04:32strong against drought,
04:35and strong against flooding.
04:40This is M21-1.
04:43M21 is drought tolerant
04:47because the rice is harvested early.
04:51It's not affected by drought.
04:58This is the storage of rice
05:00by a non-governmental organization
05:02that works hard for agriculture.
05:07Franklin Campos is in charge here.
05:10Here at the National Baka Farm,
05:13we maintain more than 2,000 rice varieties.
05:18We have traditional rice varieties,
05:21masipag rice,
05:23and farmer bread rice.
05:25We currently have 823 traditional rice varieties.
05:33Traditional rice varieties are harvested from different places
05:40across the country.
05:42We grow them here at the National Baka Farm
05:45and we can distribute them.
05:47For the masipag rice varieties,
05:50we currently have 2,202 that we maintain here.
05:57These are products from the hardworking staff
06:00here at the National Baka Farm.
06:02For the farmer bread rice,
06:06these are the products from the hardworking farmers
06:12at their farms
06:15that we ask for copies here at the National Baka Farm
06:19and we distribute them.
06:21We currently have 204 of these.
06:24In total, we have 2,229 rice varieties
06:27that we maintain here at the National Baka Farm.
06:31The farmers are also free to distribute the rice to their fellow farmers.
06:35From the rice varieties that we give to the farmers,
06:45the farmers are also able to choose
06:50which rice is climate-sense resilient
06:53and which rice is suitable for their community
06:57and their land.
06:59They are able to choose the rice variety
07:01that does not require any inputs
07:03and that is suitable for their land.
07:10The group created a map
07:12where they can see the type of rice
07:14that was planted in one place.
07:16In the climate-resilient map that was created by Masipag
07:19and distributed to their fellow farmers,
07:23we want to show that there are already
07:26existing varieties of rice
07:29that are being used and used by our farmers.
07:33They are planted, cultivated,
07:35and cultivated in different parts of the Philippines
07:39that can also be used by our other farmers.
07:44They do not have to rely on commercial rice.
07:49Here, we can see the PBB-401,
07:57which I was talking about earlier,
07:59that is resistant to floods here in Camarizor.
08:01Here in Negros,
08:03the PBB-401 is also resistant to strong winds,
08:10mist, and drought.
08:12In their observations,
08:15they were able to create a map
08:19that was distributed to all farmers in the country.
08:22Here, we can see that the varieties from Masipag
08:29are resistant to strong winds,
08:33and are able to adapt to the climate
08:36even when there are floods.
08:38This is a product of a farmer's cultivation
08:47and it became a variety of rice.
08:51He tried it here in Camarizor
08:53that is resistant to floods.
08:56Because when it was flooded there,
08:59because it was flooded several times,
09:01the rice fell.
09:03About a week after the flood,
09:06the rice rose again,
09:08sprouted, and ripened.
09:10The rice is still able to grow.
09:13The M45,
09:15even when it is exposed to strong winds,
09:17it does not fall.
09:19This means that it is resistant to strong winds.
09:23This is a traditional rice variety
09:25that is also resistant to floods.
09:28The rice is still able to grow.
09:33The challenges that farmers face
09:37is the difficulty in accessing rice.
09:40Because if you are going to buy rice,
09:44it is expensive,
09:45and those rice require inputs
09:49that you will also buy,
09:51such as bonuses, pesticides,
09:54and other things.
09:56So it is not free to buy.
09:59The poor farmers
10:02may have to borrow money
10:04before they can plant rice.
10:06So if, for example,
10:08their crops are plagued
10:12or are affected by calamities,
10:16or are damaged,
10:17the farmers will be miserable.
10:30We just planted carabao marioor
10:33here in our ponla.
10:38It is a protection against mayas.
10:41It is also a fertilizer
10:44for our collection of rice.
10:48I hope it won't rain.
10:51I hope it won't rain.
10:54I hope it won't rain.
10:57I hope it won't rain.
10:59I hope it won't rain
11:00so that our ponla won't be damaged.
11:08To increase the supply of rice,
11:11they also plant it in their farm.
11:14And they continuously study
11:15the characteristics of each crop.
11:18We plant them every cropping.
11:20This means that the rice we plant
11:22is always new.
11:24Because the rice
11:26adapts to the new climate.
11:30The situation of the ponla
11:32before it was planted
11:34was only 5 days old.
11:37That's why it's still small.
11:39And it can't be watered yet
11:42because it's still small and might drown.
11:44These are the different types of rice
11:49that we maintain here
11:50in Masipag National Baka Farm.
11:52We also mix here
11:54the climate-resilient rice
11:58that is resistant to floods,
12:02storms, droughts, and others.
12:07This one is 21 days old
12:12so it can be transplanted
12:15to our farm.
12:19Organic and sustainable farming
12:21is the way of farming here.
12:23They don't use any kind of fertilizers
12:26or pesticides.
12:28Even a single pest
12:30can be beneficial here.
12:32There are many pests here.
12:34They eat the small ponla
12:38so the ponla can be damaged.
12:42Even so,
12:43we don't water the ponla
12:45if they're still small.
12:47It's better
12:49if we take the ponla
12:52and feed the small ponla to the ducks.
12:55For the big ponla,
12:58we use amino acid.
13:00It's used as a spray
13:02so that it can be used as fertilizer.
13:07We spray it with
13:09what we call fermented plant juice
13:11so that we can water the ponla
13:14and preserve its nutrients.
13:19This is water.
13:20This is the fermented plant juice.
13:23The ingredients are
13:27sweet potato stalks,
13:31water spinach,
13:33and malunggay.
13:35We use it to ferment
13:37and we mix it with molasses.
13:45In sustainable agriculture,
13:49based on our methods,
13:52we can avoid
13:54huge expenses.
13:56That's the first thing.
13:57Second,
13:58if there's a climate change
14:00like this,
14:02even if the crop
14:04decreases,
14:06it doesn't mean
14:08that you'll lose.
14:10Because
14:12all the organic agriculture
14:15that Masipag uses
14:18is based on
14:20the materials
14:22in its farm.
14:24We recycle the soil
14:26and that's what we do.
14:32In 1985,
14:33Masipag started to form a group.
14:36There's no food sovereignty
14:37and no food security
14:39if there's no sustainable agriculture.
14:42And there's no sustainable agriculture
14:45if there's no organic farming.
14:48So, it's a clash.
14:50And there's no organic farming
14:55if the farmers
14:58don't have their own land.
15:03So, in general,
15:05agroecology for Masipag
15:08is not only about
15:10how to manage
15:12our environment
15:16while we're farming,
15:18but also the whole aspect
15:22of our farming.
15:24From the land,
15:27to the fields,
15:28of course, to the rights
15:30of our small farmers.
15:34At the Philippine Rice Research Institute
15:36in the Department of Agriculture,
15:38they're also developing
15:40benihis to be climate resilient.
15:42We've been doing this for a long time
15:44because we've been feeling
15:46the climate change for a long time.
15:48That's why,
15:50in fact, we already have
15:52some varieties of rice
15:54that we can say are climate resilient.
15:56We have varieties
15:58for rice areas
16:00that have drought.
16:02We also have rice varieties
16:04for areas that have
16:06high temperatures.
16:08We have varieties for submergence.
16:10And we also have varieties
16:12for rainfall.
16:14That's what we call rainfed.
16:16We bring them closer to the farmers
16:18to see what their ecosystem is like,
16:20what are the places
16:22that are stressed.
16:24And we show the performance
16:26and we involve the farmers
16:28in the selection.
16:30Because we have projects
16:32that even for those
16:34that are far from our technology,
16:36that's what we're really aiming for.
16:40The current administration
16:42has agreed to increase
16:44the Rife Self-Sufficiency Ratio of the country.
16:46The SSR is a measure
16:48of how much
16:50of the country's needs
16:52is provided by its own production.
16:54The SSR increases
16:56if the rice supply is stable
16:58and the dependence on import
17:00is reduced.
17:02According to the latest preliminary data,
17:0478.5%
17:06is the remaining SSR
17:08of the Philippines in 2023.
17:10But according to Dr. Jose Hernandez
17:12of the Institute of Crop Science
17:14of the University of the Philippines,
17:16Los Banos, the government should not
17:18only focus on self-sufficiency.
17:20Our population
17:22is increasing.
17:24We now have more than 110
17:26million Filipinos
17:28and we have many
17:30calamities
17:32like typhoons,
17:34related to climate change,
17:36floods,
17:38drought,
17:40or el Nino.
17:42That's why our production is increasing
17:44but the problem is
17:46the demand is also increasing.
17:48That's why the highest importation
17:50of the Philippines
17:52is a record.
17:54I think
17:56our aim should be
17:58self-sufficient
18:00and food secure
18:02not self-sufficiency.
18:04Not only rice,
18:06but also the other
18:08crops that we need
18:10to be food secure.
18:12I'm not
18:14in favor of
18:16food self-sufficiency.
18:18It's okay for me, but
18:20our aim should be food security.
18:22Because Singapore
18:24does not
18:26produce
18:28crops, but they are
18:30food secure, right?
18:32Because they have something to buy.
18:34That's why our aim should be that.
18:42Through the
18:44Likaskayang Patasaka and the
18:46Binheng Minanab
18:48from our ancestors,
18:50we were able to develop
18:52more than 100 types
18:54of
18:56climate resilience.
18:58It's proven that
19:00farmers are the solution.
19:02We are the ones affected
19:04by climate change
19:06and
19:08these calamities.
19:10Because we farmers
19:12produce food,
19:14but we are the ones
19:16affected by it.
19:18We need to look at
19:20the needs of the farmers.
19:22We are asking for
19:24continuous education.
19:52If you like our videos,
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19:56See you next time.