If Pangaea never broke apart, life on Earth would look completely different. For starters, there’d be just one giant supercontinent, so no separate continents like we have now—imagine being able to drive from what’s now Africa to South America! The climate would be wild, too, with a huge dry desert in the middle because rain wouldn’t reach that far inland. Animals and plants would have evolved differently, since they wouldn’t be separated by oceans, meaning we might not even recognize some of today’s species. Humans might’ve developed in one giant community instead of spreading across the globe in different ways. It’s fun to imagine, but it’s safe to say the world would be a totally unrecognizable place! #brightside
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Animation is created by Bright Side.
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Music from TheSoul Sound: https://thesoul-sound.com/
Listen to Bright Side on:
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FunTranscript
00:00Around 3-200 million years ago, all the continents were stuck together as one big landmass.
00:08Over time, they moved apart and formed the continents we have today.
00:12That giant landmass was called Pangaea, and the Earth looked very different back then.
00:19Which begs the question, what would our life be like if that split never occurred?
00:24Well, let's find out!
00:27In simple words, tectonic plates are big chunks of the Earth's outer shell.
00:32Our planet is like a puzzle of landmass, and these plates are the pieces.
00:37Since the Earth is so incredibly hot inside, its heat influences the rocky ground above
00:43the core.
00:45Slightly melted rocks start floating in the ocean of scorched magma.
00:49This movement creates the tectonic plates, and they're always moving, just really slowly,
00:55which is why we don't notice it.
00:58Their movement has been a fundamental force shaping the Earth's surface, climate, and
01:03the evolution of life over millions of years.
01:06For example, when two plates bump into each other, one might go under the other.
01:12Or they might slide past each other.
01:14Sometimes they pull apart.
01:17All these movements create things like earthquakes and volcanoes.
01:22And when plates push against each other, it can make the land go up, creating mountains.
01:28So the big mountain ranges on Earth like the Himalayas formed because tectonic plates were
01:34pushing into each other.
01:36Now here's the thing with Pangaea.
01:39In a supercontinent, all tectonic plates are united, and they don't really move.
01:44Well, at least not a lot like they do now.
01:47So if Pangaea remained intact for billions of years, everything in our world would look
01:53completely different.
01:55For example, we wouldn't have many mountain ranges anymore, no Alps, Himalayas, and Andes.
02:02What a nightmare that would be for ski lovers!
02:05But there's an upside to that too.
02:07No continental drift means much less disasters in our world.
02:11All our earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions would be much rarer and calmer.
02:17War might not occur at all.
02:20However, hurricanes would keep existing, and they could be crazy strong.
02:25With Pangaea being one huge lump of land, the rest of the world will be water stretching
02:31from the west to east.
02:33That's just a free water slide for a hurricane.
02:36Please feel free to build up in intensity without anything to bump into.
02:41So once it finally reaches us, prepare for Category 5 or even stronger hurricanes or
02:47tornadoes.
02:48They'd be regular visitors too.
02:51And if you decided to live in eastern Pangaea, yep, you're doomed.
02:56The way the continents are arranged also affects how the oceans move and the weather behaves.
03:02In Pangaea, the climate would be very different across the globe.
03:06The middle of our supercontinent would be super weird.
03:10Right in the center we'd have a huge, dry desert.
03:13But there would also be dense, cool rainforests along the borders of this desert.
03:18Why?
03:19Because Pangaea is so massive and rain from the ocean wouldn't reach far enough inland,
03:24so it would be stacking up around the edge.
03:28This would make some parts of the land not so great for…anything.
03:33Rain and water would wear down the land, flattening hills and carrying away soil over a long time.
03:40Eventually, Pangaea might even shrink and disappear underwater.
03:44Closer to the edges of Pangaea, the weather might be more mild or tropical.
03:49Up north it would be warmer than it is now.
03:52And finally we'd have some understanding of seasons, but we'd have no idea that it
03:57becomes harder for you to breathe as you go higher.
04:01So how would all this affect living things?
04:05Well, bad!
04:07Pangaea would be awful for the variety of life on Earth.
04:10History shows that having separate pieces of land is very important for life.
04:15It was a big reason why new kinds of species appeared.
04:19For example, Madagascar, an island that broke off from Pangaea, was isolated for millions
04:25of years, which is why it has many plants and animals not found anywhere else.
04:31Fewer isolated lands, like Madagascar and Australia, mean less cool and unique plants
04:36and animals.
04:37The climate problem doesn't go away either.
04:40Almost all Pangaea would be hot and dry inside.
04:43But it wouldn't be all too boring.
04:45There would still be some environments for animals to live in.
04:48Reptiles like dinosaurs might do well in this kind of climate.
04:52That's one reason why dinosaurs thrived when the whole world was one big landmass before
04:57mammals came around.
04:59Also, this might push for the development of creatures that can live in water.
05:04They'd be more diverse and bigger in size.
05:08So basically, Pangaea is a master of creating Earth as dangerous for humans as possible.
05:15With all this in mind, let's finally see how humanity's doing, assuming that we survived
05:20and evolved.
05:21First of all, where would your country be located?
05:25In theory, you could take a road trip from Brazil to Canada, because they'd be part
05:29of the same huge landmass.
05:32North America would be right here, and Europe would be just east of it.
05:36Most of Asia would be up north, and Antarctica would stay down south.
05:42Australia would still be in the middle of nowhere.
05:45A literal Antarctica would be closer to everyone than Australia.
05:49That's assuming that countries stayed the same.
05:52And hey, cool news!
05:54All our modern countries might not exist at all!
05:57Ok, that didn't sound as good as intended.
06:00More precisely, the countries would have completely different boundaries, and the world
06:04would be much more peaceful and united.
06:06Let's see.
06:08First, we'd form some tribes.
06:11But since we would share the land, we'd have to compromise.
06:14We can't all have the only coast or only inland regions.
06:18Each tribe would probably get a fair piece of the land so that everyone could meet in
06:23the middle to settle problems or make trade agreements.
06:27As tribes got bigger, people would move to new lands, separated by deserts and forests,
06:33forming their own nations.
06:35The hunter-gatherer era might take some more time, since we have fewer animals and plants.
06:41If we started hunting, we'd probably wipe out all the big animals pretty quickly, except
06:47for the ones we could potentially domesticate.
06:50Imagine having dinosaurs as pets!
06:52But the whole supercontinent would quickly enter the agricultural era, because whatever
06:57technologies we discover, we'd share them with each other right away.
07:02The main difference would be that during our age of exploration, there would be mostly
07:06small isolated islands to discover.
07:10Travel and trade would be easier too.
07:13Cultures would be less distant from each other compared to our world.
07:17For example, right now, Native American culture is very different from Pacific Island culture
07:23because they've been separated by water for a long time.
07:27But on Pangaea, cultures might form a continuous line from the southern tip to the northern
07:33tip, which means all cultures would be very closely related.
07:37And that wouldn't be the only similarity.
07:40Our appearances would be very much alike as well.
07:43Since Earth is still tilted on its axis, the very north and south will stay cooler.
07:49So even though some people would still have white skin and blonde hair, in general, everyone
07:55would still have less melanin.
07:57Around the central part where the sun is always shining, most people will still have dark
08:02or tanned skin.
08:04This could create a more similar world where people could see themselves as global citizens
08:10and earthlings.
08:12The sad part is, we probably wouldn't be as motivated for technological progress as
08:17we are now.
08:18All the land is already known, there's no need to explore.
08:22The weather is mostly good and warm.
08:25The crops are growing well, the neighbors are hopefully peaceful, which is why humans
08:30would be fine with things as they are.
08:32We'd probably stick to basic tools and science.
08:35Of course, we're naturally curious creatures, so we'd still have some progress.
08:41It just would be very slow compared to our world.
08:45What sounds boring for some might sound awesome for us.
08:49Our life would be less exciting, but we'd be more united and peaceful.
08:53Maybe in a world like that, we'd learn to treat each other with more kindness and love.
08:59But we can only imagine.
09:01That's it for today!
09:02So hey, if you pacified your curiosity, then give the video a like and share it with your
09:07friends!
09:08Or if you want more, just click on these videos and stay on the Bright Side!