Tempo explain: Bagaimana Cara Kerja Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca Mengantisipasi Cuaca Ekstrem?
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00:00During the holidays of 2024 and the new year 2025 aka Nataru, the body of meteorology, climatology and geophysics or BMKG reminds people of the potential that extreme weather can affect a number of regions in Indonesia.
00:18BMKG Head Dwi Korita Karnawati calls the cold hazard phenomenon from the Siberian highlands as one of the main drivers of the increase in extreme rainfall during that period.
00:29Extreme weather also makes it possible for hydrometeorological disasters such as floods, landslides and strong winds, especially at the peak of the rainy season in December and January.
00:39The increase in rainfall can also affect the passage of the Nataru holiday trip, where the Ministry of Transportation survey predicts 110.67 million people will take the trip.
00:50To face the impact of extreme weather, BMKG took a number of anticipatory steps, one of which was to carry out weather modification operations.
01:01This step is carried out to reduce high rainfall and the potential for hydrometeorological disasters.
01:06Then, how does the weather modification technology work?
01:13Weather modification is an intervention technique carried out in the atmosphere to influence weather patterns.
01:18Released from various sources, one of the most common methods is cloud seeding, where certain chemical substances such as iodine or sodium chloride or salt are spread into the clouds in the hope of accelerating the rain formation process.
01:32This technology can also be used to reduce the intensity of rain in an area to prevent floods or other hydrometeorological disasters.
01:40Cloud seeding technology focuses on the manipulation of clouds that may cause rain.
01:46The chemicals used play a role as a condensation element, which accelerates the accumulation of water droplets in the cloud, thus increasing the chances of rain.
01:55This remediation is done quickly using an airplane, drone or lander through a rocket booster that shoots the chemicals into the cloud.
02:04Although the weather modification technology offers various benefits, this technology is not free from various challenges.
02:12First, the success is not always guaranteed.
02:15The weather is a very complex system and often difficult to predict the correct results of the intervention.
02:21Second, there is concern about the long-term environmental impact of the use of chemicals such as iodine, although studies so far show a relatively small impact.
02:34In Indonesia, weather modification technology has been used frequently, especially to address disasters such as forest and land fires, floods, and to maintain water supply in agricultural areas.
02:46Over the past few years, weather modification has also been done to maintain the stability of the agricultural sector, especially in areas with poor food centers due to drought or extreme weather that can interfere with agricultural productivity.
02:58As the frequency of extreme weather increases due to climate change, the use of this technology is projected to continue to develop in the future.