Les gens ont formulé toutes sortes de théories pour expliquer ce qui se passe réellement dans le Triangle des Bermudes. Certains pensent que ce sont des extraterrestres qui enlèvent des choses, tandis que d'autres accusent des phénomènes météorologiques étranges ou des champs magnétiques bizarres qui perturbent les systèmes de navigation. Puis, il y a ceux qui croient que c'est juste une grosse superstition et une coïncidence, genre, des trucs disparaissent partout, vous savez? Mais bon, jusqu'à ce que nous ayons une preuve solide, tout cela reste de la spéculation et des suppositions sauvages. Alors, qui sait, peut-être un jour nous résoudrons le mystère et découvrirons ce qui se passe vraiment là-bas. Animation créée par Sympa.
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FunTranscript
00:00Let's see, is it possible to know how many ships and planes have disappeared in the Bermuda Triangle?
00:06Have their disappearances been caused by human errors or meteorological phenomena?
00:10We will see all this today.
00:12The history of the SS Cotopaxi is strange.
00:15This ship disappeared in 1925 when it was traveling from Charleston, South Carolina, to Havana.
00:21It never reached its destination.
00:24Years later, in the 1980s, a wreck was found 65 km offshore of St. Augustine, Florida.
00:32As the specialists could not determine its precise origin or what it was exactly,
00:37they nicknamed it the Bear Wreck.
00:40It took many years of additional work, mainly carried out by marine biologists,
00:46to confirm that this ship was the SS Cotopaxi.
00:49This was only verified in January 2020.
00:52How did the ship reappear? And how did it get there?
00:56Because it should not even pass through the Bermuda Triangle.
01:00Let's first see who invented this term, the Bermuda Triangle.
01:04Can we really locate this triangle on a map?
01:07No, and it is not an officially recognized place either.
01:11The Bermuda Triangle does not appear on any map in the world.
01:14No one has agreed on its exact limits.
01:17There are only hypotheses,
01:19and its total area varies according to estimates from 1.3 to 3.9 million square kilometers.
01:26According to all available sources, this zone would have a vaguely triangular shape.
01:31It was in 1964 that an American author named Vincent Hayes Gedis
01:36had the idea while writing an article for the magazine Argosy.
01:40He used the name of the Bermuda Triangle to describe a region of the ocean
01:45that would have destroyed hundreds of ships and planes without ever leaving a trace.
01:50If it is quite difficult to know the number of ships and planes that have disappeared,
01:54it is because more than one has volatilized without being able to follow its trace.
01:58Their wreckage has simply not been found.
02:01But the stories that circulate about them should help us.
02:04The first legends about the Bermuda Triangle date back to the 15th century.
02:09For example, that of the Italian explorer Christophe Colomb.
02:12While he was sailing in the Atlantic, he passed through this place in 1492.
02:17In the area that we now call the Bermuda Triangle,
02:21he saw a huge flame hit the ocean violently.
02:25Later, and in the same place, he saw a strange light flashing.
02:29As was the case for many other sailors since then,
02:32his compass inexplicably went out of order.
02:35Squadron 19.
02:37Five U.S. Navy torpedo planes, which made a routine flight in 1945,
02:42also came to feed the legend of the Bermuda Triangle.
02:45The commander of the expedition was Lieutenant Charles Taylor,
02:48and it was written that he had got lost in an inexplicable way.
02:51As the pilots had no GPS at the time, they depended on their compass
02:55and had to keep track of the time they had spent flying in this or that direction,
02:59as well as their speed.
03:01Shortly after having accomplished their mission,
03:04their compass had stopped working properly.
03:07The documents found after the disappearance of the squadron
03:10also indicate that Taylor was not wearing a watch that day.
03:14According to the initial report,
03:16a piloting error would have been the cause of this unfortunate incident.
03:20However, this did not convince everyone,
03:23and the report where it was written was changed
03:26for unknown reasons after several examinations.
03:30Another pilot, named Bruce Garnon,
03:32confirmed that he had crossed a kind of electronic fog
03:35while passing over the triangle,
03:37which had made him travel through time.
03:40In 1970, when this incident occurred,
03:43he was piloting his plane when he found himself
03:46in the middle of two huge clouds and a violent whirlwind.
03:50Like many others before him,
03:52he noticed that his navigation system was not working properly.
03:55When he finally managed to get out of these clouds,
03:58he discovered that his flight had lasted only 35 minutes,
04:01while it should have taken 75 minutes in total.
04:05As he had no reasonable explanation,
04:08he thought that he must have been like projected in time.
04:12But we have not only seen strange clouds
04:15above the Bermuda Triangle.
04:17In 2014, a pilot reported having almost collided
04:21with a flying object that he was absolutely unable to identify.
04:25Some of these strange encounters have even been filmed.
04:29This was the case during a flight in early 2015.
04:32Passengers noticed a curious object floating just above the ocean.
04:37Pilots still do not know what it could be.
04:41But not all tracks are as fanciful.
04:45Oceanographers, for example,
04:47have also tried to explain why the boats disappeared in this place.
04:52So they recently came back to one of their first theories,
04:55the accelerated waves.
04:57These are huge water walls that suddenly rise.
05:00If several waves rise simultaneously,
05:03they overlap like a huge wave sandwich.
05:06If a single wave can reach more than 10 meters high
05:09and if several waves rise at the same time,
05:12it can create an accelerating wave that can exceed 30 meters.
05:16This type of wave can quickly swallow even the largest ship.
05:21Meteorologists also have their own explanation,
05:24hexagonal clouds.
05:26These unusual clouds can generate winds up to 270 km per hour
05:31and they cover a fairly large area,
05:34some of which can reach between 32 and 88 km in diameter.
05:38Thus, the waves caught in these winds can rise up to 14 meters.
05:43No one knows exactly how many ships and planes
05:46disappeared in the Bermuda Triangle.
05:49The approximate estimate is 50 ships and 20 planes.
05:52Most of the time, the disappearances had no explanation
05:55and no wreck has ever been found.
05:58Another bizarre theory,
06:00which tries to solve the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle,
06:03comes from Charles Berlitz.
06:05He insists that the area houses the lost city of Atlantis.
06:09According to him, the ships and planes disappeared
06:12and the equipment that does not work
06:14were all caused by energy rays emitted by special crystals
06:17that supposedly feed Atlantis.
06:19Although it seems crazy,
06:21Berlitz's theory was convincing enough
06:24for more than 20 million people to buy his book worldwide.
06:28In 1800, a great sailor named USS Pickering
06:32left the United States to go to the Antilles.
06:36He sailed in the Bermuda Triangle with his crew of 90 men
06:40and we never heard of him again.
06:42The USS Pickering was the very first ship
06:45confirmed to have disappeared in the Bermuda Triangle.
06:48We think it was carried away by a storm,
06:51but since no wreck has ever been found,
06:53we will never be sure.
06:55When the TBF Avenger planes disappeared,
06:58a large-scale search operation was deployed.
07:01Ships and planes searched the Bermuda Triangle
07:04in search of all signs of the plane.
07:06One of the search ships was a PBM-5 Mariner glider.
07:10The glider took off at 7.27 p.m.
07:13and sent a routine radio message three minutes later.
07:16Then we never heard of him again.
07:19No trace of him,
07:21nor of the five Avenger planes has ever been found.
07:24An investigation was launched into the disappearance of all these aircraft,
07:28but nothing has ever been discovered.
07:31This particular area of the ocean
07:34is one of the most frequented sea routes in the world.
07:37Some skeptics think this simple fact explains all the mystery.
07:40Statistically, the more frequented the area,
07:43the higher the probability of accidents and disappearances.
07:46Although this is logical,
07:48it is not the frequency of disappearances
07:50that constitutes the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle.
07:53It is the absence of explanation or wrecks found.
07:58At the bottom of the ocean, decomposing organisms
08:01escape large concentrations of methane,
08:04which remain trapped under the water.
08:06This gas can accumulate until, boom, it explodes.
08:09The gas rises to the surface and erupts.
08:12If a boat is in the area of one of these eruptions,
08:15the water, becoming much less dense,
08:17can make it flow quickly and without warning.
08:20Scientists think this could be the cause
08:23of the numerous disappearances in the Bermuda Triangle.
08:26Although this theory is very logical,
08:28it does not seem very likely.
08:30The U.S. Geological Survey has stated
08:33that no significant gas rejection
08:35has occurred in this area in the last 15,000 years.
08:40The bottom of the ocean is made of rocks
08:42containing a lot of magnetite,
08:44which looks like iron.
08:46The magnetic fields react to the strong concentration
08:49of magnetite at the bottom of the ocean,
08:51which can trigger a kind of conflict between the two.
08:54This can often lead to various meteorological anomalies
08:57and, consequently, to navigation problems.
09:00Naturally, any modification of the ocean floor
09:03or the magnetic fields of the Earth
09:05greatly influences the Bermuda Triangle.
09:08As the magnetic field is constantly moving,
09:11it is possible that it also carries the Bermuda Triangle with it.
09:14Now that people know where the triangle is,
09:17it is easy to avoid it.
09:19It is supposed to move eastward
09:21at the same time as the magnetic poles,
09:23but scientists still do not know how to answer the question
09:26of how it will move exactly in a few years.
09:28Some people attribute all disasters
09:30to paranormal extraterrestrial activities.
09:33Others suppose it is a natural phenomenon.
09:38There is another triangle in Lake Michigan.
09:40Just like the one near the Bermudas,
09:42the Michigan Triangle has acquired its sad reputation
09:45because of several disappearances.
09:47The first documented goes back to 1679.
09:50A large ship, one of the largest of the time,
09:53went on an expedition.
09:55But once it reached the level of the sinister triangle,
09:58it never returned.
10:00Much later, a plane disappeared in this same triangle.
10:03The sky is generally very clear there,
10:05but in 1883,
10:07some people witnessed abnormal phenomena in the region.
10:11Some claim to have seen large blocks of ice fall from the sky,
10:14and the crew even managed to recover one as irrefutable evidence.
10:19Another triangle is located in a mysterious area of the Pacific Ocean.
10:23Off the south coast of Japan, not far from Tokyo,
10:27there is a sea where many ships have lost their lives,
10:30disappearing without a trace.
10:33It is called the Dragon Triangle.
10:36Some scientists believe that the cause of the anomalies
10:39is due to environmental changes.
10:41There is also a very high concentration of methane hydrate
10:44at the bottom of the ocean in the Pacific Triangle region.
10:49You deviate from the initial trajectory
10:51and you sail in the wrong direction.
10:53The Caribbean Sea is located near the triangle,
10:56scattered with small islands.
10:58The ocean floor here is not deep.
11:00Your ship can penetrate these shallow waters
11:03and get stuck in the depths
11:05without you knowing where you are.
11:08If we were in the 21st century,
11:10the captain of the ship would be able to reach the shore
11:13using a GPS and other modern navigation means.
11:16But the most interesting thing is that the compass would work correctly this time.
11:21Since the North Magnetic Pole no longer coincides with the real one
11:24for a long time on the territory of the Bermuda Triangle.
11:28The Dragon Line is located somewhere far from here.
11:31There are no more navigation problems nowadays.
11:34But for some reason, this is where ships disappear.
11:37And not only here, by the way.
11:39Throughout the Atlantic Ocean,
11:41there are places where many ships have disappeared.
11:44The Bermuda Triangle is not even in the top 10 of these places.
11:48One of the main reasons why many ships are sinking here
11:51is that one of the most popular sea routes in the Atlantic
11:54passes through the Bermuda Triangle.
11:56And the more ships there are in one place,
11:58the more shipwrecks there are.
12:00Simple question of probability.
12:02You sail to the center of the Bermuda Triangle
12:05on a small fishing boat.
12:07You turn off the engine and wait.
12:11Several hours pass.
12:13The sun goes down below the horizon.
12:15The night comes.
12:16You are about to return to the shore.
12:18But suddenly, everything becomes too calm.
12:21Then, you hear a clap.
12:23You look overboard
12:25and you see hundreds of fish swimming towards the surface.
12:28Something big made them flee.
12:31Something that comes straight from the depths.
12:34The next second,
12:35you notice big shiny eyes and long tentacles
12:38stretching towards your boat.
12:40It seems that one of the most terrible myths
12:42about the Bermuda Triangle is true.
12:45A huge squid that drags the boats to the bottom.
12:48Stories about these squids appeared long before
12:51the emergence of the myths of the Bermuda Triangle.
12:53For centuries,
12:54sailors from Norway and Greenland
12:56have told stories about a frightening sea monster,
12:59the Kraken.
13:00In these stories,
13:01the Kraken broke the ships' decks
13:03with its giant tentacles
13:05and dragged them to the bottom.
13:07The approach of this creature is impossible to predict
13:10because it comes to you,
13:11not from the side,
13:12but from below.
13:13But all this was just legend.
13:15It was only in the 19th century
13:17that scientific evidence of the existence of these monsters
13:20appeared.
13:21The beak of an unknown squid
13:22was found on the coast of Denmark.
13:24The size of the find was 7.6 cm in diameter,
13:28which corresponds to the size of a human palm.
13:31It then became obvious that the Kraken was real.
13:34And it's just a variety of giant squids.
13:36Since then,
13:37more than 21 species of giant squids have been described.
13:41But the first video showing this monster
13:43was recorded in 2004
13:45in the waters of the North Atlantic,
13:47not far from the Bermuda Triangle.
13:49Marine biologists
13:51used a lure
13:52to attract the squid out of the depths.
13:55The huge monster
13:56was about 9 meters long,
13:58which corresponds to half the length
14:00of a subway car.
14:01It suddenly appeared from the darkness of the ocean
14:04and quickly attacked the lure,
14:06squeezing it with its tentacles.
14:08After that,
14:09many squid appearances
14:11were recorded in photos and videos.
14:14Huge squids
14:15fell on the shore
14:16where we swam in front of ships.
14:18According to some archives,
14:20the largest monster ever found
14:21was 18 meters long
14:23and weighed almost a ton.
14:25It's the size of a big bus.
14:26Some scientists
14:27think that giant squids
14:29can reach 45 meters long,
14:31which is almost twice the size of a basketball court.
14:34But this large size
14:35is not enough to sink a ship.
14:37The first thing
14:38that helps squids get there
14:39is the effect of surprise.
14:41Squids come from the depths,
14:43which means they can't be seen from the bridge.
14:46However,
14:47the monster can see the ship from afar.
14:49It has the largest eyes in the world,
14:51since only one of its eyes
14:52is the size of a basketball.
14:54The sight of a giant squid
14:55allows it to see its prey
14:56in the dark depths of the sea
14:58and at a great distance.
15:00Most creatures on the planet
15:02cannot see in such conditions.
15:04The squid notices your boat
15:06and runs for a prey.
15:07It approaches quickly
15:08and attacks with its tentacles.
15:10The squid has eight limbs
15:11and two longer tentacles
15:13that it uses to bring food
15:15to its mouth in the shape of a beak.
15:17The others are covered
15:18with dozens of suction cups
15:19full of pointy teeth.
15:21Nothing can escape
15:22if the squid catches it.
15:23It wraps its tentacles
15:24around your boat.
15:26With the teeth of each arm,
15:27it bites the bridge.
15:28Two long tentacles
15:29can catch you
15:30while you're running in panic.
15:32The squid can pull the boat
15:33from side to side
15:34until one of its parts
15:35sinks into the water.
15:37You fight against two tentacles
15:38and you fall.
15:40The squid's eight arms
15:41are stronger.
15:42You can hear the boat's hull
15:43cracking.
15:44The squid is big,
15:45but it still can't sink
15:46a large metal object.
15:48It probably couldn't sink
15:49the huge ships
15:50that disappeared
15:51in the Bermuda Triangle.
15:53You see the squid
15:54moving away in the depths.
15:56You're lucky this time,
15:57but you certainly wouldn't be able
15:58to handle such monsters
15:59at the same time.
16:00The existence of giant squids
16:01has been proven
16:02more than 150 years ago.
16:04But people still don't know
16:05anything about them.
16:06The fact is that they are
16:07among the most unnoticeable
16:08creatures on Earth.
16:10They swim fast
16:11and spend most of their time
16:12in depths of 400 to 900 meters.
16:15To go down there,
16:16people need
16:17sturdy submarines
16:18and bulky equipment
16:19that make a lot of noise.
16:21Squids notice them
16:22much earlier
16:23and swim away.
16:24Scientists don't know
16:25anything about their behavior,
16:26their social life,
16:27their habits,
16:28or the distance
16:29they travel during the day.
16:31The ocean is explored
16:32only up to 5%.
16:33It is possible
16:34that millions of giant squids
16:35swim in the depths of the sea.
16:37Imagine that hundreds
16:38of giant tentacles
16:39stretch towards a group
16:40of ships sailing
16:41in the Bermuda Triangle.
16:43In the past centuries,
16:44they could easily
16:45sink an entire fleet
16:46because the ships
16:47were made of wood
16:48and lighter.
16:49The squids enveloped
16:50the decks with their
16:51solid tentacles,
16:52made holes in the hulls
16:53of the ships
16:54with their pointy beaks.
16:55The teethed suction cups
16:56could break the masts
16:57and tear the sails.
16:58The water filled the wedges
17:00and slowly climbed
17:01on the deck.
17:02The ships sank
17:03in a few minutes.
17:04The survivors
17:05who had the chance
17:06to reach the shore
17:07told everyone
17:08that there were
17:09huge monsters.
17:10This is how the
17:11legends of the Kraken
17:12appeared.
17:13Fortunately,
17:14we now have sonars
17:15and special equipment
17:16to monitor
17:17the maritime space.
17:18You start the engine
17:19to return to the shore
17:21and you notice
17:22that about thirty tentacles
17:23stretch towards you
17:24from the water.
17:25Three giant squids
17:26press the boat
17:27from all sides
17:28and pull it down.
17:29It seems that
17:30there is no way
17:31to get out of it.
17:32You look over the edge
17:33and you see
17:34black eyes staring at you.
17:35At that moment,
17:36you find a solution.
17:38The squids
17:39spend all their lives
17:40in the darkness
17:41and are afraid of the light.
17:42Fortunately,
17:43you have a distress rocket.
17:44You use it
17:45to make the monsters flee.
17:46The squids
17:47dive in the water
17:48but apparently
17:49not for long.
17:50You drop several
17:51other rockets
17:52in the ocean
17:53and you scream in fear.
17:54The red light
17:55illuminates the darkness
17:56of the sea
17:57and you see
17:58the tentacles moving.
17:59They quickly move away
18:00from the fire
18:01swimming at a safe distance.
18:02At full speed,
18:03you rush to the shore
18:04and release
18:05all your distress rockets
18:06in the water.
18:07You leave no chance
18:08for the squids
18:09to get close to you.
18:10Finally,
18:11you arrive on land
18:12convinced
18:13that you will never
18:14come back here.
18:15The bad news
18:16is that these creatures
18:17do not only swim
18:18in the Bermuda Triangle.
18:19We have found giant squids
18:20in the oceans
18:21of the whole world.
18:22Certainly,
18:23it is possible
18:24that the giant squid
18:25is the main reason
18:26for the disappearance
18:27of ships.
18:28But that does not make
18:29the Bermuda Triangle
18:30a unique place.