How does a Four Stroke Engine Work... Working of 4 Stroke Engine Explained with 3D

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Transcript

00:00A four-stroke engine is an internal combustion engine that converts the chemical energy stored

00:05in fuel into a force that powers most cars on the road.

00:10This engine undergoes four steps, also known as four strokes, to convert fuel into turning

00:16the car's wheels.

00:17Essentially, it burns fuel inside the engine, generating hot gases.

00:23These gases create pressure that pushes components inside the engine, ultimately turning the

00:28car's wheels.

00:30Before discussing the strokes, let's review the key components of a four-stroke engine

00:35and their functions.

00:36To simplify, we'll focus on a single-cylinder four-stroke engine to explain all four strokes.

00:42The spark plug produces a spark when electricity passes through it.

00:47The cylinder contains the piston and is where the fuel-air mixture is ignited.

00:53An engine can have four, six, eight, or more cylinders, depending on the type of vehicle.

00:59Regardless of the number of cylinders, each cylinder undergoes all four strokes to generate

01:04power.

01:05The piston is a cylindrical component that moves up and down inside the cylinder, converting

01:11the chemical energy from burning fuel into mechanical work.

01:16The connecting rod links the piston to the crankshaft and transmit the piston's motion

01:21to the crankshaft.

01:23The crankshaft converts the piston's up-and-down motion into rotational motion, ultimately

01:28driving the gearbox.

01:31The intake valve opens to allow air and fuel mixture into the engine.

01:35The exhaust valve opens to release waste gases from the engine.

01:40Both valves are kept closed by springs and are opened by cams that push the springs down

01:46as the camshaft rotates.

01:48The cam belt takes power from the crankshaft and uses it to rotate the camshaft at the top.

01:54Now that we understand the main components, let's examine how they work together in a

01:59four-stroke engine.

02:01The four-stroke cycle begins with the intake stroke.

02:05The cylinder is a hollow tube with a piston that moves up and down inside it.

02:09During this stroke, the piston starts at the top of the cylinder and pulls down by the

02:15crankshaft.

02:16Simultaneously, the rotating cam opens the intake valve, allowing a mixture of fuel and

02:22air to be drawn into the cylinder as if the engine's taking a deep breath.

02:27Before entering the cylinder, the carburetor mixes the right amount of fuel with air.

02:33The engine won't run efficiently if the mixture has too much or too little fuel.

02:38The piston's downward movement increases the cylinder's volume, causing the pressure

02:43inside to drop slightly below the atmospheric level, which helps draw the mixture in.

02:49This mixture is critical because it will soon be ignited to create the power needed to drive

02:54the vehicle.

02:55As the piston reaches the bottom of the cylinder, the intake valve closes, trapping the fuel-air

03:01mixture inside.

03:04After the intake stroke comes the compression stroke.

03:07At this stage, the rotating crankshaft forces the piston up the cylinder, compressing the

03:13fuel and air mixture into a smaller space at the top of the cylinder.

03:18As a result, the pressure and temperature of the mixture increase significantly, making

03:23it more explosive when ignited.

03:26This step ensures that when the spark plug ignites the fuel-air mixture, the resulting

03:31explosion will be powerful enough to push the piston back down with great force.

03:37This sets the stage for the next phase of the engine, the power stroke.

03:41The real action happens during the power stroke.

03:44At the top of the cylinder, a carefully timed burst of electricity makes the spark plug

03:49fire, creating a tiny but powerful spark that ignites the compressed fuel-air mixture and

03:55causes it to explode.

03:57The explosion releases large quantities of carbon dioxide and water vapor, which rapidly

04:03expand and push the piston downward with great force.

04:07This downward motion turns the connecting rod, which rotates the crankshaft.

04:12The crankshaft is connected to the gearbox, which adjusts its rotational speed and torque.

04:18This adjusted power is then transmitted to the rear wheels through a driveshaft.

04:23This means that the rotation of the crankshaft is what ultimately moves the wheels.

04:29The power stroke is the only one of the four strokes that actually produces energy to drive

04:34the engine.

04:35While the other strokes either prepare for or exhaust the byproducts of the power stroke.

04:41Finally, the cycle ends with the exhaust stroke.

04:45After the power stroke, the cylinder is left with carbon dioxide, steam, and pollution

04:51from the burnt fuel-air mixture.

04:53These gases need to be expelled before the next cycle can begin.

04:57The piston moves back up the cylinder, and this time, the exhaust valve opens, allowing

05:03the spent gases to escape through the car's exhaust system.

05:07By the time the piston reaches the top of the cylinder again, the cylinder is empty

05:12and ready to start the process all over again.

05:15Together, these four strokes—intake, compression, power, and exhaust—work in a continuous

05:22cycle, happening hundreds of times per minute, to keep the engine running smoothly.

05:29You might be wondering why engines have multiple cylinders.

05:33If only one cylinder did all the work, the engine would run very unevenly, because only

05:38one out of every four strokes is a power stroke.

05:42This would make the engine's operation jerky and inefficient.

05:45To smooth things out, engines have multiple cylinders—usually four, six, or eight—arranged

05:52so that their power strokes occur at different times.

05:55Each cylinder fires slightly out of step with the others, so there's always at least one

06:00piston powering the engine.

06:02This makes the engine run more smoothly and provides a more constant flow of power.

06:07Another reason for multiple cylinders is that an engine generates a lot of heat, especially

06:12during the power stroke.

06:14If an engine had only one big cylinder, it would get too hot, and the fuel might ignite

06:19too early, potentially causing damage to the engine.

06:23That's why the engine's total volume is divided into smaller cylinders.

06:28This allows for better cooling and more efficient operation.

06:31So, that's how a four-stroke engine works.

06:34We hope this animation helped you understand how a four-stroke engine operates.

06:39Don't forget to like, share, and subscribe for more educational content.

06:44Thank you for watching!

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