Lufta Per Nafte – Dokumentar Shqip
Category
🎥
Short filmTranscript
00:00the largest ecological disaster in the history of the United States of America.
00:04It is our motivation for oil,
00:06the one that drives us through these disasters.
00:10Still, we use energy,
00:12and we make it day and night.
00:15Oil is the engine of modern civilization.
00:18Without carbon,
00:20neither prosperity nor prosperity
00:22can keep up with the current speed.
00:25Today, there are 14 billion liters of oil in the world.
00:30And we are facing this disaster
00:32for the first time in several months.
00:56Without oil and gas,
00:58produced by crude oil,
01:00modern civilization cannot continue to exist.
01:04From plastics,
01:06clothes,
01:07and even medicines,
01:09this fossil fuel makes a lot of money.
01:12A large number of scientists
01:14are constantly developing.
01:16They believe that we have passed the peak
01:18of oil production in the world.
01:20Is this a risk that can be avoided?
01:23Billions of dollars have been invested
01:25in research and technology,
01:27but when it comes to oil reserves,
01:29oil producers are gone.
01:32Houston, Texas.
01:34Since 2010,
01:36Matt Simmons is one of the most successful investors
01:39in oil technology.
01:42There is zero transparency
01:44about how much oil is produced in the world,
01:47or how much they are producing.
01:50At present,
01:51approximately 4,000 barrels of crude oil
01:53are being produced in oil.
01:59But only 120 giant barrels
02:01support global oil production.
02:04These giant barrels
02:06are unfortunately not distributed
02:08equally around the globe.
02:13The future of our world
02:15will depend on the number of barrels of crude oil
02:17that will be produced if they are produced.
02:21All giant barrels of crude oil
02:23have had more than 40 years of use,
02:25and their production is waning from year to year.
02:29The question of how much risk
02:31has been invested in our planet
02:33is a constant debate
02:35between scientists, politicians,
02:37and economists.
02:44The Intergovernmental Energy Agency in Paris
02:46known as IEA
02:48has for the first time
02:50begun to control the current production
02:52of large oil fields.
02:56We made a request
02:58for 800 oil fields around the world.
03:01The decline of oil fields
03:03is very large.
03:05A decline of 6.7%
03:07means that every day
03:09there is a decline of 4.7 million barrels.
03:12So every year
03:14we have to find 5 million barrels per day.
03:17Every year.
03:19That's too much.
03:23We need every day
03:25an Iran or an Iraq.
03:27That's what we mean.
03:34If the current production rates are correct,
03:37the decline of oil production has passed.
03:40At the same time,
03:42the demand for oil
03:44is increasing.
03:46The demand for oil
03:48is increasing.
03:50The demand for oil
03:52is increasing.
03:54The demand for oil
03:56is increasing.
03:58The demand for oil
04:00is increasing.
04:02The demand for oil
04:04is increasing.
04:06The demand for oil
04:08is increasing.
04:10The demand for oil
04:12is increasing.
04:14The demand for oil
04:16is increasing.
04:18The demand for oil
04:20is increasing.
04:22The demand for oil
04:24is increasing.
04:26The demand for oil
04:28is increasing.
04:30The demand for oil
04:32is increasing.
04:34The demand for oil
04:36is increasing.
04:39The drilling masters
04:41are drilling at a different level.
04:44The drilling masters
04:46are drilling at a different level.
04:48The drilling masters
04:50are drilling at a different level.
04:52The drilling masters
04:54are drilling at a different level.
04:56The drilling masters
04:58are drilling at a different level.
05:00The drilling masters
05:02are drilling at a different level.
05:04The drilling masters
05:06are drilling at a different level.
05:08The drilling masters
05:10are drilling at a different level.
05:12The drilling masters
05:14are drilling at a different level.
05:16The drilling masters
05:18are drilling at a different level.
05:20The drilling masters
05:22are drilling at a different level.
05:24The drilling masters
05:26are drilling at a different level.
05:28The drilling masters
05:30are drilling at a different level.
05:32The drilling masters
05:34are drilling at a different level.
05:36The drilling masters
05:38are drilling at a different level.
05:40The drilling masters
05:42are drilling at a different level.
05:44The drilling masters
05:46are drilling at a different level.
05:48The drilling masters
05:50are drilling at a different level.
05:52The drilling masters
05:54are drilling at a different level.
05:56The drilling masters
05:58are drilling at a different level.
06:00The drilling masters
06:02are drilling at a different level.
06:04The drilling masters
06:06are drilling at a different level.
06:08The drilling masters
06:10are drilling at a different level.
06:12The drilling masters
06:14are drilling at a different level.
06:16The drilling masters
06:18are drilling at a different level.
06:20The drilling masters
06:22are drilling at a different level.
06:24The drilling masters
06:26are drilling at a different level.
06:28The drilling masters
06:30are drilling at a different level.
06:32The drilling masters
06:34are drilling at a different level.
06:36The drilling masters
06:38are drilling at a different level.
06:40The drilling masters
06:42are drilling at a different level.
06:44The drilling masters
06:46are drilling at a different level.
06:48The drilling masters
06:50are drilling at a different level.
06:52The drilling masters
06:54are drilling at a different level.
06:56The drilling masters
06:58are drilling at a different level.
07:00The drilling masters
07:02are drilling at a different level.
07:04The drilling masters
07:06are drilling at a different level.
07:08The drilling masters
07:10are drilling at a different level.
07:12The drilling masters
07:14are drilling at a different level.
07:16The drilling masters
07:18are drilling at a different level.
07:20The drilling masters
07:22are drilling at a different level.
07:24The drilling masters
07:26are drilling at a different level.
07:28The drilling masters
07:30are drilling at a different level.
07:32The drilling masters
07:34are drilling at a different level.
07:36The drilling masters
07:38are drilling at a different level.
07:40The drilling masters
07:42are drilling at a different level.
07:44The drilling masters
07:46are drilling at a different level.
07:48The drilling masters
07:50are drilling at a different level.
07:52The drilling masters
07:54are drilling at a different level.
07:56The drilling masters
07:58are drilling at a different level.
08:00The drilling masters
08:02are drilling at a different level.
08:04The drilling masters
08:06are drilling at a different level.
08:08The drilling masters
08:10are drilling at a different level.
08:12The drilling masters
08:14are drilling at a different level.
08:16The drilling masters
08:18are drilling at a different level.
08:20The drilling masters
08:22are drilling at a different level.
08:24The drilling masters
08:26are drilling at a different level.
08:28The drilling masters
08:30are drilling at a different level.
08:32The drilling masters
08:34are drilling at a different level.
08:36The drilling masters
08:38are drilling at a different level.
08:40The drilling masters
08:42are drilling at a different level.
08:44The drilling masters
08:46are drilling at a different level.
08:48The drilling masters
08:50are drilling at a different level.
08:54The coral whales
08:56that swim
08:58trough the ocean
09:02evolve because of this tectonic edge
09:06and because the corals
09:08.....
09:10a lead cross
09:12This is called blue.
09:14It shows the maintenance
09:16of the corals
09:1820% of all crude oil is found in these areas of deep coral reefs.
09:25However, the positioning of these prehistoric sites has changed dramatically
09:30because of the change in tectonic plates over millions of years.
09:37Because of this, the oil demand is equated with the proverbial demand of the whole world.
09:43This area in the south of China, but also in this region, has great potential.
09:50South Asia can be divided into ten equal parts.
09:55However, until today, most of the reserves have been found in the Persian Gulf.
10:00From the bottom of the Oman to Kirkuk in the Iraqi desert.
10:04All the crude oil in the Middle East is found in these three areas.
10:09In addition, these three areas have a very small coral reef structure.
10:14The oil is blocked in the carbonate and in the ocean floor,
10:17thus forming tectonic plates.
10:20And in 17 years of exploration, a small amount of oil has been found in other areas.
10:25The methods for the development of new reservoirs have been sophisticated for centuries.
10:31However, geologists do not have enough oil to predict the existence of new hydrocarbon areas.
10:38Only 10% of the explored reservoirs are really successful.
10:43And from the bottom up to the first peaks, it takes approximately 10 years.
10:50Until now, there has been no other form of energy that is as expensive and easy to transport as oil.
10:58Without oil, the global market will remain dysfunctional.
11:03Presently, every day, 40-50 billion liters of oil are used.
11:08In 20 years, the demand is expected to increase by 20%,
11:13because you still do not know from which reservoir this demand will come.
11:18It is easy to believe the myth.
11:21We need four Saudi Arabia.
11:24Do we have four Saudi Arabia?
11:26This is the biggest question.
11:30Saudi Arabia is currently the largest supplier of oil.
11:3580 years ago, there were few roads in this area.
11:39Today, modernization has changed with the traditional life.
11:44The miles of asphalt can be seen in the middle of the desert.
11:48However, there is also a ravine.
11:51The river Nafmbaytse was formed in 1928,
11:55with a diameter of 280 kilometers.
11:58It is the largest reservoir ever built.
12:01Saudi Arabia meets the demand for oil for 70 years without any problems.
12:07However, there is no detail that confirms these declarations.
12:11Basically, the data is stored second by second,
12:14and is transmitted through the satellite in their research center in Saudi Aramco,
12:19the largest oil company in the world.
12:23A team of international specialists
12:25aims to simplify the life of people.
12:31We can optimize the development of oil and gas reservoirs.
12:35Horizontal parts have many advantages over vertical parts.
12:39They have improved the level of production.
12:42They can produce up to 3,000 liters per day,
12:45while these parts have the capacity to produce up to 8,000 liters per day.
12:49This is a huge increase.
12:53First, it was necessary to open a vertical hole in the ground.
12:57Today, the holes are placed horizontally in the soil.
13:05The engineers extract a stream of oil in the middle of the soil.
13:09The new reservoir is only a few meters wide.
13:12It is not compared to the giant Nafmbaytse Tavar river,
13:16which is hundreds of times narrower and wider.
13:23Many parts have been industrialized,
13:26but we are now suffering a terrible fate.
13:29By expanding the reservoir,
13:31the internal pressure of the industry is increasing
13:34as the oil stops flowing into the parts.
13:38We have to increase the pressure.
13:40So, what's the best way to increase the pressure?
13:43The best and freest way is to open a hole in the reservoir floor
13:47and fill it with water.
13:49The water will go into the reservoir,
13:51the oil will start to flow in,
13:53and the pressure will increase.
13:55The holes in the middle of the reservoir
13:57will increase the pressure and start to produce oil again.
14:01Is now the year of oil in the world.
14:05This is the gas cap, and this is the crude oil.
14:08The influx of crude oil was stronger than before.
14:13The gas injection took place in 2001
14:15and made an injection in the gas caps
14:17to improve the pressure
14:19and to prevent the oil from running out.
14:22They decided to experiment with something
14:24that at the time was a very radical concept.
14:26As soon as the crude oil was injected,
14:28the underground formations of the rivers
14:30changed in their porosity.
14:32Once the water was at its lowest point,
14:35it started to flow into the underground oil.
14:40Water comes from the production plant,
14:42and the first type of oil produces water.
14:44It injects water and produces water.
14:46It's not very profitable.
14:50Even in Austria, they inject more water
14:53in order to fill the remaining reservoirs.
14:57Afterwards, the water is released and controlled.
15:01But the crude oil on the surface
15:03is more easily absorbed by the water.
15:08In Austria, the water-oil ratio
15:10has risen up to 92%.
15:13Beyond the ratio of 92%,
15:15the production is no longer profitable.
15:19We still have a lot of crude oil,
15:22and the purpose of this injection
15:24is to completely absorb this residue.
15:27The increase in the ratio of water to crude oil
15:30is a shortage of a burning fuel.
15:32This is the greenhouse gas.
15:34This is a systematic problem
15:36that has spread all over the world.
15:48The fuel of these crude oils
15:50can only develop through
15:52extraordinary investments.
15:55Therefore, they always spend a lot of dollars
15:58on the development of the recovery factor
16:00in an aging field.
16:05In the Center for Social Technology in Holland,
16:08Matthias Bixeli and his team
16:10work with technology
16:12that will spread the recovery reserves
16:14globally.
16:18When we look at the average oil price in the world,
16:21the recovery is only 35%,
16:23so this means that 65% of the oil
16:25is actually spent in oil.
16:30Together with Piedone,
16:32the development of crude oil,
16:34Shell has developed a new substance,
16:36a polymer liquid,
16:38with a viscosity similar to oil,
16:40but better than water
16:42to absorb crude oil
16:44from the reservoir.
16:52The production of these polymers
16:54is also a sophisticated process.
16:56Like hydrocarbons,
16:58they differ in substance
17:00from reservoir to reservoir.
17:02This polymer liquid
17:04must be treated
17:06with a certain amount of pure oil.
17:08The liquid is supplemented
17:10with a solvent
17:12to reduce the flow of oil
17:14from the reservoir to the oxidizer.
17:16The testing of all the processes
17:18that will be used
17:20minimizes the economic risk.
17:22In the field,
17:24polymers that have a value
17:26of more than 1 million euros per day
17:28are injected into the reservoir.
17:30If this method works successfully,
17:32it is ready to be tested
17:34in the field,
17:36which will start soon.
17:38In Oman,
17:40the injection of polymers
17:42begins with a test in 2010.
17:44It may take 2-3 years
17:46to get results,
17:48but if it is successful,
17:50it means that this is a giant leap
17:52for the global oil production.
18:00If we see this oil
18:02with an active tensile resistance,
18:04we think that we can increase
18:06the recovery factor
18:08by 10-20%
18:10compared to crude oil,
18:12which is remarkable.
18:14If the recovery
18:16is only 1% globally,
18:18it can ensure
18:20oil reserves for another 3 years.
18:22The critical problem
18:24is that for every reservoir
18:26that contains crude oil,
18:28we have to create a new cocktail.
18:30While the use of polymers
18:32is still debatable,
18:34some of the largest investments
18:36are channeled
18:38into the development of new oil fields.
18:40For many years,
18:42this has not been the new law
18:44and for this reason
18:46the date has been postponed.
18:48The technology to control
18:50oil fields
18:52is based on compressed air.
18:54The so-called air guns
18:56create the loudest noise
18:58ever made by man.
19:00Within a few milliseconds,
19:02the air guns create giant bubbles
19:04which, when released,
19:06create a wave of pressure
19:08which penetrates more than 10 km
19:10in the ocean floor.
19:12The deposits of oil and gas
19:14reflect a new model of the ocean.
19:18The fact that this is harmful
19:20for whales and dolphins
19:22is accepted.
19:24Step by step,
19:26the bubbles rise up.
19:28Hanover,
19:30the scientists of the German Institute
19:32for Geosciences and Natural Resources
19:34have studied some major issues
19:36over the last decades.
19:38They research areas
19:40where companies
19:42have not taken the financial risk
19:44to study.
19:46These amplitudes show
19:48that it takes a long time
19:50for the oil and gas
19:52to spread within the sediment.
19:54The question is
19:56where does the oil and gas
19:58come from?
20:00Maybe from here,
20:025 or 6 km deep,
20:04hydrocarbons are formed
20:06and from there,
20:08hydrocarbons are blocked.
20:16Exploration expeditions
20:18to find new reservoirs
20:20are both demanding
20:22and expensive.
20:24In the end,
20:26the polar region is also at stake.
20:30I really think
20:32that there are reserves
20:34in Hanover,
20:36which are still technically
20:38safe.
20:40To date,
20:42it remains unknown
20:44how much oil is still sitting
20:46in the Arctic.
20:48Also, the technology
20:50is still capable
20:52of recovering oil
20:54in these harsh conditions.
20:56An economic exploration
20:58of the Arctic fields
21:00is still decades away
21:02and if an accident happens
21:04there is no way
21:06to recover the oil.
21:08Meanwhile,
21:10oil resources
21:12are flowing
21:14from the oceans
21:16in search
21:18of their liquid.
21:20200 km
21:22deep,
21:24the Perdido drilling complex
21:26is located
21:28in the middle of Mexico.
21:30The drilling operation
21:32and planning
21:34of the project
21:36requires a lot of
21:38effort and money.
21:42First,
21:44it must cover
21:462,500 m deep.
21:48Then, the drilling
21:50must cover 2 km
21:52of hard rock.
21:54Dale Snyder
21:56is the manager
21:58of the Perdido project.
22:00The drilling
22:02must be controlled
22:04and even the smallest mistake
22:06can lead to a catastrophe.
22:18The seismic profiles
22:20were studied
22:22in the Netherlands
22:242,000 m deep
22:26in the ocean
22:28which has taken
22:30half of the world's oil.
22:32The stress with the oil
22:34reserves is increasing.
22:36This can tell you
22:38that you can get gas there.
22:40This bright red
22:42shows you
22:44that you can get
22:46a nice hydrocarbon in there.
22:48So we really see
22:50how the oil
22:52is getting high in the reservoir.
22:54This is fantastic.
22:56It really truly opened up
22:58the deep water horizon
23:00for the world's deepest
23:02development.
23:26A complex system
23:28could never be 100%
23:30guaranteed by an engineer.
23:32A complex system
23:34is connected
23:36to a joint production
23:38operation.
23:40If serious problems occur,
23:42there are no guarantees
23:44for the availability
23:46of oil.
23:48Back to the platform.
23:52The New York telecommander
23:54Dale Snyder
23:56is controlling
23:58the collector.
24:04The cameras
24:06go in one step
24:08to a world
24:10that is not fully understood.
24:20At the ocean level
24:22the ocean is a collector.
24:24It has pipes
24:26that come from different
24:28production wells.
24:30The scope of the project
24:32is increasing
24:34in depth.
24:36The engineers
24:38have to install
24:40120 kilometers of pipes
24:42in extreme conditions.
24:44They pass through
24:46valleys and mountains.
24:53The expectation
24:55is that the platform
24:57will produce
24:59100,000 barrels of oil per day.
25:01About 35,000 wells
25:03have been opened
25:05in the Gulf of Mexico
25:07without major accidents.
25:09Perdido
25:11has set a new record
25:13by exploiting 2,500 meters
25:15of deep water.
25:17No matter how much risk
25:19there is,
25:21there is always a way.
25:25On April 20, 2010
25:27a powerful explosion
25:29hit the platform
25:31at Deepwater Horizon.
25:33115 workers were injured
25:35and 11 were killed.
25:39It is the largest oil spill
25:41in the United States.
25:43Over the three months of operation
25:45a leak of 1,500 meters
25:47in the surface
25:50and 780 million liters
25:52of crude oil
25:54end up uncontrollably
25:56in the sea.
25:58Before the explosion
26:00Deepwater Horizon
26:02was a record
26:04in terms of safety.
26:06Their crew successfully
26:08opened a well
26:10in 10 kilometers of depth
26:12and now they are trying
26:14to build a reservoir
26:16with a very high pressure
26:18that causes many complications
26:20like our mechanic
26:22Doug Brown.
26:24Yes, that well was
26:26a real battle
26:28from what we started on it.
26:30The drilling began
26:32in October 2009
26:34then Herring Hill
26:36was killed.
26:38After only 20 days
26:40the first drilling
26:42of that well
26:44and up to the completion
26:46the drilling time
26:48was approximately 90 days.
26:52With all the problems
26:54we had with the well
26:58the drilling was very
27:00behind schedule
27:02and it costs
27:04millions of dollars.
27:08Millions of dollars.
27:10We are sure it was millions.
27:12And
27:14this is a lot of pressure
27:16to hurry up and complete
27:18this well.
27:42For more UN videos visit www.un.org
28:12www.un.org
28:14www.un.org
28:16www.un.org
28:18www.un.org
28:20www.un.org
28:22www.un.org
28:24www.un.org
28:26www.un.org
28:28www.un.org
28:30www.un.org
28:32www.un.org
28:34www.un.org
28:36www.un.org
28:38www.un.org
28:40www.un.org
28:42www.un.org
28:44www.un.org
28:46www.un.org
28:48www.un.org
28:50www.un.org
28:52www.un.org
28:54www.un.org
28:56www.un.org
28:58www.un.org
29:00www.un.org
29:02www.un.org
29:04www.un.org
29:06www.un.org
29:08www.un.org
29:10www.un.org
29:12www.un.org
29:14www.un.org
29:16www.un.org
29:18www.un.org
29:20www.un.org
29:22www.un.org
29:24www.un.org
29:26www.un.org
29:28www.un.org
29:30www.un.org
29:32www.un.org
29:34www.un.org
29:36www.un.org
29:38www.un.org
29:40www.un.org
29:42www.un.org
29:44www.un.org
29:46www.un.org
29:48www.un.org
29:50www.un.org
29:52www.un.org
29:54www.un.org
29:56www.un.org
29:58www.un.org
30:00www.un.org
30:02www.un.org
30:04www.un.org
30:06www.un.org
30:08www.un.org
30:10www.un.org
30:12www.un.org
30:14www.un.org
30:16www.un.org
30:18www.un.org
30:20www.un.org
30:22www.un.org
30:24www.un.org
30:26www.un.org
30:28www.un.org
30:30www.un.org
30:32www.un.org
30:34www.un.org
30:36www.un.org
30:38www.un.org
30:40www.un.org
30:42www.un.org
30:44www.un.org
30:46www.un.org
30:48www.un.org
30:50www.un.org
30:52www.un.org
30:54www.un.org
30:56www.un.org
30:58www.un.org
31:00www.un.org
31:02www.un.org
31:04www.un.org
31:06www.un.org
31:08www.un.org
31:10www.un.org
31:12www.un.org
31:14www.un.org
31:16www.un.org
31:18www.un.org
31:20www.un.org
31:22www.un.org
31:24www.un.org
31:26www.un.org
31:28www.un.org
31:30www.un.org
31:32www.un.org
31:34www.un.org
31:36www.un.org
31:38www.un.org
31:40www.un.org
31:42www.un.org
31:44www.un.org
31:46www.un.org
31:48www.un.org
31:50www.un.org
31:52www.un.org
31:54www.un.org
31:56www.un.org
31:58www.un.org
32:00www.un.org
32:02www.un.org
32:04www.un.org
32:06www.un.org
32:08www.un.org
32:10www.un.org
32:12www.un.org
32:14www.un.org
32:16www.un.org
32:18www.un.org
32:20www.un.org
32:22www.un.org
32:24www.un.org
32:26www.un.org
32:28www.un.org
32:30www.un.org
32:32www.un.org
32:34www.un.org
32:36www.un.org
32:38www.un.org
32:40www.un.org
32:42www.un.org
32:44www.un.org
32:46www.un.org
32:48www.un.org
32:50www.un.org
32:52www.un.org
32:54www.un.org
32:56www.un.org
32:58www.un.org
33:00www.un.org
33:02www.un.org
33:04www.un.org
33:06www.un.org
33:08www.un.org
33:10www.un.org
33:12www.un.org
33:14www.un.org
33:16www.un.org
33:18www.un.org
33:20www.un.org
33:22www.un.org
33:24www.un.org
33:26www.un.org
33:28www.un.org
33:30www.un.org
33:32www.un.org
33:34www.un.org
33:36www.un.org
33:38www.un.org
33:40www.un.org
33:42www.un.org
33:44www.un.org
33:46www.un.org
33:48www.un.org
33:50www.un.org
33:52www.un.org
33:54www.un.org
33:56www.un.org
33:58www.un.org
34:00www.un.org
34:02www.un.org
34:04www.un.org
34:06www.un.org
34:08www.un.org
34:10www.un.org
34:12www.un.org
34:14www.un.org
34:16www.un.org
34:18www.un.org
34:20www.un.org
34:22www.un.org
34:24www.un.org
34:26www.un.org
34:28www.un.org
34:30www.un.org
34:32www.un.org
34:34www.un.org
34:36www.un.org
34:38www.un.org
34:40www.un.org
34:42www.un.org
34:44www.un.org
34:46www.un.org
34:48www.un.org
34:50www.un.org
34:52www.un.org
34:54www.un.org
34:56www.un.org
34:58www.un.org
35:00www.un.org
35:02www.un.org
35:04www.un.org
35:06www.un.org
35:08www.un.org
35:10www.un.org
35:12www.un.org
35:14www.un.org
35:16www.un.org
35:18www.un.org
35:20www.un.org
35:22www.un.org
35:24www.un.org
35:26www.un.org
35:28www.un.org
35:30www.un.org
35:32www.un.org
35:34www.un.org
35:36www.un.org
35:38www.un.org
35:40www.un.org
35:42www.un.org
35:44www.un.org
35:46www.un.org
35:48www.un.org
35:50www.un.org
35:52www.un.org
35:54www.un.org
35:56www.un.org
35:58www.un.org
36:00www.un.org
36:02www.un.org
36:04www.un.org
36:06www.un.org
36:08www.un.org
36:10www.un.org
36:12www.un.org
36:14www.un.org
36:16www.un.org
36:18www.un.org
36:20www.un.org
36:22www.un.org
36:24www.un.org
36:26www.un.org
36:28www.un.org
36:30www.un.org
36:32www.un.org
36:34www.un.org
36:36www.un.org
36:38www.un.org
36:40www.un.org
36:42www.un.org
36:44www.un.org
36:46www.un.org
36:48www.un.org
36:50www.un.org
36:52www.un.org
36:54www.un.org
36:56www.un.org
36:58www.un.org
37:00www.un.org
37:02www.un.org
37:04www.un.org
37:06www.un.org
37:08www.un.org
37:10www.un.org
37:12www.un.org
37:14www.un.org
37:16www.un.org
37:18www.un.org
37:20www.un.org
37:22www.un.org
37:24www.un.org
37:26www.un.org
37:28www.un.org
37:30www.un.org
37:32www.un.org
37:34www.un.org
37:36www.un.org
37:38www.un.org
37:40www.un.org
37:42www.un.org
37:44www.un.org
37:46www.un.org
37:48www.un.org
37:50www.un.org
37:52www.un.org
37:54www.un.org
37:56www.un.org
37:58www.un.org
38:00www.un.org
38:02www.un.org
38:04www.un.org
38:06www.un.org
38:08www.un.org
38:10www.un.org
38:12www.un.org
38:14www.un.org
38:16www.un.org
38:18www.un.org
38:20www.un.org
38:22www.un.org
38:24www.un.org
38:26www.un.org
38:28www.un.org
38:30www.un.org
38:32www.un.org
38:34www.un.org
38:36www.un.org
38:38www.un.org
38:40www.un.org
38:42www.un.org
38:44www.un.org
38:46www.un.org
38:48www.un.org
38:50www.un.org
38:52www.un.org
38:54www.un.org
38:56www.un.org
38:58www.un.org
39:00www.un.org
39:02www.un.org
39:04www.un.org
39:06www.un.org
39:08www.un.org
39:10www.un.org
39:12www.un.org
39:14www.un.org
39:16www.un.org
39:18www.un.org
39:20www.un.org
39:22www.un.org
39:24www.un.org
39:26www.un.org
39:28www.un.org
39:30www.un.org
39:32www.un.org
39:34www.un.org
39:36www.un.org
39:38www.un.org
39:40www.un.org
39:42www.un.org
39:44www.un.org
39:46www.un.org
39:48www.un.org
39:50www.un.org
39:52www.un.org
39:54www.un.org
39:56www.un.org
39:58www.un.org
40:00www.un.org
40:02www.un.org
40:04www.un.org
40:06www.un.org
40:08www.un.org
40:10www.un.org
40:12www.un.org
40:14www.un.org
40:16www.un.org
40:18www.un.org
40:20www.un.org
40:22www.un.org
40:24www.un.org
40:26www.un.org
40:28www.un.org
40:30www.un.org
40:32www.un.org
40:34www.un.org
40:36www.un.org
40:38www.un.org
40:40www.un.org
40:42www.un.org
40:44www.un.org
40:46www.un.org
40:48www.un.org
40:50www.un.org
40:52www.un.org
40:54www.un.org
40:56www.un.org
40:58www.un.org
41:00www.un.org
41:02www.un.org
41:04www.un.org
41:06www.un.org
41:08www.un.org
41:10www.un.org
41:12www.un.org
41:14www.un.org
41:16www.un.org
41:18www.un.org
41:20www.un.org
41:22www.un.org
41:24www.un.org
41:26www.un.org
41:28www.un.org
41:30www.un.org
41:32www.un.org
41:34www.un.org
41:36www.un.org
41:38www.un.org
41:40www.un.org
41:42www.un.org
41:44We really know how to get new hydrobaciones in the world.
41:51Brescia is the second largest source of oil in the world.
41:55But two-thirds of its fields
41:57are currently remote.
41:59The Romash hill,
42:01Ludwig Holl),
42:03is one of the most productive fields in the world.
42:06For the last 8 years,
42:08many of its children have died.
42:11And then, in 1990, the new orbit of the Earth's atmosphere begins.
42:25The new orbit has a different shape and molecular structure than the previous one.
42:31At the Kazan State University, Irina Plotnikova is analyzing the chemical structure.
42:41It is called isotopic processing, which details all the elements of oil,
42:47while changing the oil first.
42:51What could have caused these changes?
42:58This is only one possibility.
43:01The oil came from the earth.
43:04There are no organic fertilizers for this huge amount of oil extracted.
43:11The process of biological decomposition does not explain this oil formation.
43:17The Kucherov team is called isotopic processing,
43:23which details all the elements of oil, while changing the oil first.
43:30What could have caused these changes?
43:37This is only one possibility.
43:41The oil came from the earth.
43:44There are no organic fertilizers for this huge amount of oil extracted.
43:51The process of biological decomposition does not explain this oil formation.
43:56The Kucherov team believes that hydrocarbons continue to synthesize
44:01in the mantle of the Earth's atmosphere, at an altitude of 220 km.
44:06The hydrocarbons produce carbon dioxide and pressure,
44:11and hydrogen in hydrocarbons.
44:14If their theory is accurate,
44:17the question may be how the new oil can be created at a higher level.
44:21In this large oil field, we see the formation of the mantle of the Earth.
44:28It looks like a giant channel.
44:31The landscape is about 100-150 km in diameter.
44:40Romashkino is surrounded by mountain ranges.
44:43At the bottom, here, there are deep tectonic plates.
44:49Geological analysis reveals strong magnetic fields
44:53and the rise of the Earth's temperature.
44:58The concept of continuous oil production is not new.
45:03Initially, it was a theory of Dmitri Mendeleev,
45:06about 100 years ago.
45:08Unfortunately, he failed to convince the scientists
45:12to verify the so-called abiotic origin of oil.
45:19In the end, a 7,000-meter-thick chamber
45:23was opened in the granite mine in 1980.
45:27They drilled far beyond the ocean sediment
45:30and there they found oil deposits.
45:33But according to the oil experts, it should not exist.
45:37In 2008, the chamber was abandoned.
45:40It was for research purposes only.
45:51These developments support the theory of the abiotic origin,
45:54but the researchers are skeptical.
46:00The Russian oil experts are holding a conference
46:03at the Romashkino River.
46:05The topic is the phenomenon of oil reserves regeneration.
46:09In the area they explore,
46:12oil deposits regenerate periodically.
46:15This discovery is in the best interest
46:18of the Russian oil company Tatneft.
46:25We are located in the center of the Romashkino River.
46:30We are seeking methods for locating the channels.
46:36We are only in the starting point
46:40of the abiotic origin.
46:47Oil is a fundamental resource.
46:51To this day, no oil company has adopted
46:55the abiotic oil theory.
47:01If someone is right,
47:03oil should be explored beyond geological structures,
47:07where the sources of oil are far below.
47:13The oil experts are skeptical
47:16about the non-biological origin of oil,
47:18i.e. the abiotic origin.
47:22Traditionally, oil comes from biological substances,
47:28plants, insects or living creatures.
47:37But we may be wrong.
47:39They all have found the source of methane,
47:42so I believe that methane can be generated
47:45in an inorganic manner.
47:48No one has ever been able to generate a methane ball.
47:51And when you go out in the field with these methane balls,
47:54they are very difficult hydrocarbons to take.
48:03Most of the oil deposits
48:06are found in the sediments of the Atlantic Ocean,
48:09which seems to support the movement of scientists
48:12for a long time.
48:14As usual, there are some exceptions,
48:15such as in Vietnam,
48:17where oil and gas are found in granite.
48:21In Austria,
48:23seven months have passed,
48:26and the coca probe has reached 6,000 m deep.
48:34So far, no gas or oil has been found.
48:40The main purpose of the winter
48:42is to take samples to be analyzed in the laboratory.
48:46All the facts are clear.
49:00Petrified fossilized organisms,
49:03evidence of biological waste.
49:08This is a small one, Fatima.
49:11You can find micro-fossils anywhere in the house.
49:14Are these micro-fossils
49:16a clear proof that the biological origin of oil
49:19is its own origin?
49:26Of course, there are also hydrocarbons
49:29with inorganic origin,
49:31as is the case with many fossilized expeditions.
49:34There is a planet with oceans
49:37filled with liquid hydrocarbons.
49:44On many planets,
49:46NASA has studied oil deposits,
49:48hydrocarbons.
49:50Biological life has not existed
49:52neither in Titan nor on Mars,
49:54which can explain the presence of methane.
50:01Fundamental questions in the atmosphere.
50:04There are tectonic plates,
50:07called IFM-Geomars,
50:10by a high percentage of methane.
50:13However,
50:15when there are tectonic plates,
50:18it is very unlikely
50:20that these organic elements
50:22have been present there.
50:27This proves that hydrocarbons
50:29form biological waste.
50:35Even with continuous excretion
50:37in the ocean,
50:39Russian researchers are looking
50:41at the development of new areas
50:43of hydrocarbons
50:45and tectonic assets,
50:47such as South America.
50:53The Kucherov team
50:55uses maps that show
50:57where the tectonic plates
50:59are located
51:01and show
51:03where oil reservoirs
51:05can be filled
51:07from the channels
51:09in the mantle
51:11as predicted.
51:13Kucherov and his team
51:15are working with new software
51:17to predict other places.
51:20In this area,
51:22giant oil and gas fields
51:24have been discovered.
51:26But look here,
51:28there are many areas
51:30with perspective
51:32for giant oil and gas fields.
51:34And this is the area
51:36with perspective
51:38for giant oil and gas fields.
51:40Oil from our planet's atmosphere?
51:48The abiotic theory
51:50is debatable,
51:52but I have support for it.
51:55Even though it is speculative,
51:57why haven't you studied it
51:59and looked at it?
52:01Practically,
52:03we don't accept this theory,
52:05but it would be interesting
52:07because it would mean
52:09that there is oil everywhere.
52:11And they say
52:13that it is true
52:15that giant oil and gas fields
52:17have been rejuvenated.
52:19If they had,
52:21then the 200 largest
52:23oil and gas fields
52:25in the world
52:27would have been
52:29unfortunate
52:31because none of them
52:33have been rejuvenated.
52:35So they go beyond optimism.
52:37It's dreams.
52:39So we may have more oil
52:41in the future.
52:43Don't judge.
52:45This is an argument,
52:47but I don't know if it's true.
52:49So I don't have any technical
52:51knowledge to say either.
52:53Of course,
52:55there is also
52:57an abiotic origin,
52:59but to be practical
53:01from a commercial point of view,
53:03we need to have knowledge
53:05about something like that
53:07and the knowledge
53:09of a cosmos
53:11or a biological fissure.
53:14The origin of oil
53:16remains a mystery to this day.
53:20Koucerov and his team
53:22are still looking for investors
53:24to be able to verify
53:26their theory
53:28in a different way.
53:31At the moment,
53:33there is no official
53:35attitude for oil
53:37to try to
53:39find investors.
53:41So we need
53:43the oil industry
53:45to keep finding oil
53:47and, on the other hand,
53:49this leads the oil industry
53:51towards increasing
53:53the scarcity
53:55of oil.
53:57Unfortunately,
53:59this type of back-and-forth
54:01has been going on
54:03for years.
54:05It's not a war
54:07we're going to win.
54:09It's a war
54:11we're going to win
54:13in the 21st century.