Le navire fantôme Jenny est l'une de ces histoires de mer effrayantes qui vous donnent des frissons. En 1840, un baleinier découvrit Jenny solidement gelé dans le passage de Drake, près de l'Antarctique. L'équipage fut trouvé parfaitement conservé, encore figé dans leurs derniers instants, avec le journal de bord du capitaine détaillant leur lutte désespérée contre le froid. Ils avaient été pris dans les glaces depuis 1823, dérivant pendant 17 ans. À ce jour, l'histoire de Jenny reste un rappel obsédant de la nature impitoyable de l'océan. Animation créée par Sympa.
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FunTranscript
00:00Strange things are happening in the cold waters of Antarctica.
00:04One of these things happened to a ship called Jenny.
00:07It was a small gullet whose story began in 1822.
00:12The boat and its crew took to the sea and disappeared a year later.
00:16For 18 years, the ship was considered a shipwreck.
00:20Then, people forgot about it.
00:22But in 1840, the whole world heard about it again.
00:27That year, the whaler Hope was sailing in the Drake Canal in Antarctica
00:32when his crew noticed a ship in the middle of the ice.
00:36It was the Jenny gullet.
00:38It was floating slowly in the darkness without any sign of life.
00:42Hope's captain, Mr. Brighton, gave the order to approach the mysterious ship.
00:48They all thought it was a ghost ship.
00:51But soon, they saw crew members on the deck.
00:56The sailors addressed them, but received no answer.
01:00It was clear that something terrible had happened.
01:04When Brighton boarded, he realized that the crew had not disappeared,
01:09as it had been believed.
01:11They weren't there, but they were frozen like statues.
01:15Brighton descended on the lower deck and found the captain.
01:19He was sitting at his table, frozen, with a pen in his hand.
01:24Brighton consulted the board newspaper.
01:27The last entry was dated May 4, 1823.
01:31The captain had written that he was the last survivor.
01:35They had spent 71 days without eating.
01:38It seems that the ship got lost at sea because its captain had decided to change course
01:43or that an iceberg had hit it.
01:46But no one is sure.
01:48As a result, no one has ever seen the Jenny again.
01:52According to rumors, Hope's crew had abandoned the frozen ship
01:56and left it drifting in the cold waters.
02:00According to other rumors, this whole story is only fiction.
02:05The story of the Jenny appeared in a German magazine in the middle of the 19th century.
02:10But there is no proof of the existence of this ship.
02:13Recently, researchers from the University of Cambridge decided to look into the mystery.
02:20They discovered that one of the members of Hope's crew,
02:24remained anonymous, had told someone the legend of the frozen ship.
02:29This person had then spoken to someone else,
02:32and the story had been published in a German magazine called Globus.
02:36And that's all, no additional clues.
02:40One of the most famous ghost ships is the Mary Celeste,
02:44whose existence makes no doubt.
02:47The history of this ship is well documented.
02:50The newspapers have talked about it.
02:53But what is interesting is that this ship continued to be used
02:56after the disappearance of ten of its crew members.
03:01The story of the Mary Celeste began in Canada in 1861.
03:06During its construction, the ship was called the Amazon.
03:10It had several captains and also had some difficulties.
03:15The ship was sold, bought, then resold, repaired,
03:18then it sailed under the name of Mary Celeste.
03:23In 1872, its captain was called Benjamin Briggs.
03:27He was an honest and courageous man,
03:29with a great experience in navigation.
03:32He had a wife, a daughter and a son.
03:36On his last trip, he took his wife and daughter with him,
03:40and his son stayed in America.
03:43In November 1872, the Mary Celeste left the port of New York
03:48with ten people on board and disappeared.
03:51Eight days later, another ship, the Dei Gratia,
03:55also left New York and followed the same route.
03:59The captain of the Dei Gratia, David Morehouse,
04:02saw the Mary Celeste and immediately understood
04:05that something was wrong.
04:07The ship was moving too freely, as if no one was controlling it.
04:11The captain tried to contact the crew members,
04:14but no one answered him.
04:16So, with other sailors, he boarded the Mary Celeste.
04:21The ship was in good condition.
04:23There was no damage.
04:25The hull was slightly filled with water, but it was without gravity.
04:30Everything seemed to be in order, but there was a rescue channel missing.
04:35The valuables of the crew members were in their cabins.
04:39The cargo was in the hull.
04:41The water and food reserves were intact.
04:44According to the on-board log, the ship had wiped out a storm,
04:47but nothing too violent.
04:49Other ships had crossed this storm,
04:52and nothing serious had happened to them.
04:55The last entry was dated November 25,
04:58and stated that everything was fine.
05:01The sails of the Mary Celeste were slightly damaged,
05:05but this may have happened after the crew disappeared.
05:08The whole ship was in excellent condition.
05:11So, what had pushed these men to abandon it?
05:15Part of the crew of the Dei Gratia remained on board the Mary Celeste
05:18to bring it back to land.
05:20Everything was going well.
05:21The ship was sent to the nearest port.
05:25Then, the captain of the Dei Gratia appeared in front of a tribunal
05:28and told his story.
05:31But the prosecutor and the judge did not believe his story.
05:35They were convinced that the captain had actually gotten rid of the crew of the ship
05:39to recover its cargo.
05:42According to the maritime laws of the time,
05:45if you found a ghost ship with a cargo of value,
05:48then a substantial part of this cargo belonged to you.
05:51Many people therefore thought that David Morehouse
05:54had decided to make a little money.
05:58This version seemed more credible
06:00than that of the mysterious disappearance of 10 people.
06:03Fortunately, no one accused the captain of having committed a crime.
06:07He was thanked for his services
06:09and was given a reward in cash.
06:12However, his reputation was tarnished,
06:15which greatly affected his career,
06:17because many thought that he had attacked the crew of the Mary Celeste.
06:21But even after this terrible affair,
06:24this trial and this investigation,
06:26the story was not over.
06:28The Mary Celeste was still an effective ship.
06:31It sailed again several times,
06:33until a captain crushed it on a reef
06:36in order to touch the insurance.
06:39A tribunal revealed the maneuver
06:41and accused the captain of having caused material damage in a deliberate way.
06:46The story of the Mary Celeste became famous all over the world.
06:50People began to scaffold more or less realistic theories.
06:55Some believed that the ship had crossed the Bermuda Triangle.
06:59But this version was quickly refuted,
07:02because the Bermuda region was thousands of kilometers
07:05from the itinerary of the Mary Celeste.
07:08Did the Kraken or another giant monster attack the ship?
07:12No.
07:14The boat having been found in almost perfect condition,
07:17this theory was also refuted.
07:19According to one of the most widespread versions,
07:21the crew of the Mary Celeste would have stolen a load of value
07:24and would have gone to Spain on board a rescue ship.
07:28However, those who knew Captain Benjamin Briggs
07:31say that he was an honest man.
07:34And then, he had a son in New York.
07:36He would never have abandoned him.
07:39A more in-depth investigation revealed
07:41that a series of fortuitous circumstances
07:43could be the cause of the crew's disappearance.
07:47Before his last trip, the ship had delivered coal.
07:51The pump intended to suck water
07:53would then have clogged with this material.
07:56And when the ship had crossed a storm,
07:59the hull would have simply been filled with water.
08:02Briggs could not have realized
08:04the amount of water present,
08:06because the barrels stored in the hull
08:08prevented him from seeing well.
08:10He would have estimated that it was dangerous
08:12to stay on board the ship,
08:14and therefore would have evacuated his passengers
08:16on a rescue ship.
08:18But maybe at the time of reaching the mainland,
08:21the storm had suddenly intensified
08:23and had overturned the ship.
08:26In addition, an entry in the newspaper
08:29indicates that the stopwatch was defective.
08:32It is a device allowing to determine
08:34the position of a ship at sea
08:36using the length.
08:37Briggs had got lost
08:39and did not know in which direction to sail.
08:41The storm was violent,
08:43and Briggs could not know
08:45if the ship was about to sink.
08:47He might have decided to abandon it
08:49when approaching the coast of the Azores.
08:52The originality of this ghost ship case
08:54lies in the fact that it is possible
08:56for everyone to investigate.
08:58You will find a lot of information
09:00about Mary Celeste on the Internet.
09:02There are documentaries and many articles.
09:05Maybe you will be able to discover
09:07something that others have not seen
09:09and elucidate the mystery of this disappearance.
09:13NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology