Tajemnica Enigmy odc. 8 – Smak zwycięstwa
Transcript
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01:341944 was a year of hope for a conquered Europe.
01:40But Hitler was still trying to change the fate of the war by using wonderful weapons.
01:44However, V1 and V2 were not a mystery to the Allies.
01:48Already in the spring of 1943, the German commandos
01:53in charge of specially strong anti-aircraft defense of the PZG-76 facility,
01:58a rocket facility in Penemünde, in the Baltic States.
02:02Delivery of missiles to London by the Home Army
02:05and deciphering orders about their use were of great importance.
02:10Out of about 9,000 missiles fired towards London,
02:14the city achieved only 2,400.
02:17190 V1 and V2 missiles were fired by Polish pilots.
02:25In February 1944, the 2nd Polish Corps,
02:30fighting in the 8th British Army, was sent to fight in Italy.
02:34While landing in Sicily and fighting in Italy,
02:37the intelligence service delivered to the Allied Command
02:40200 or more deciphered Hitler's orders.
02:47The Battle of Montecassino
03:03After the battle of Montecassino and the victory of the Poles on 16 May,
03:08Churchill was informed not only on the basis of reports of his own commanders,
03:12but also on the orders of Marshal Kesselring,
03:14who was deciphered in Blechley in a few minutes.
03:17The road to Rome was opened.
03:24Two years had passed since the battle of Stalingrad.
03:27The Red Army expelled the invaders from the territory of the Soviet Union.
03:30The rebellious and undefeated Hitlerites
03:33were in the ZSRR only in the nature of the countless armies of war prisoners.
03:38The Third Reich lost again its strategic initiative
03:42on the Eastern Front, which was deciding on the outcome of the war.
04:00The decisive blows came from the East.
04:03The border of the Great Thousand-Year Reich,
04:06under the influence of the powerful blows of the Soviet army,
04:09was moving closer and closer to Berlin.
04:17In June 1944, the Soviet attack on Belarus began.
04:21In July, towards Lublin and the Central Vistula.
04:25On 21 July, the Soviet tanks and Polish soldiers
04:29liberated the first part of Poland.
04:32The Polish Committee for National Liberation was established,
04:35which on 22 July declared a manifesto to the Polish people.
04:39The process of liberating Poland began.
04:49These memorable days were not the days of joy for everyone.
05:02But for many, it was a day of celebration.
05:32Bye, London.
06:02I want this machine.
06:08Where are the three Polish cryptologists?
06:11I hope that Major Ciężki will be more talkative.
06:14Where are the cryptologists?
06:16One of them is said to be dead.
06:18And the other two?
06:20I don't know anything about them.
06:22And Colonel Bertrand?
06:27What about Lemoyne?
06:32You were captured in disguise on the Swiss border.
06:36You are the enemies of the German nation.
06:39Your activity will be punished with impunity.
06:51Colonel, Europe is threatened by communism.
06:57And only we Germans defend Europe.
07:01Admiral Canaris, looking through your file,
07:04noticed that you and your deputy
07:08could help us with your experience and knowledge.
07:13Help Europe.
07:17And ensure a safe existence for yourself
07:21and your families.
07:24You must choose.
07:26Solidarity with the Reich
07:29or a harsh sentence.
07:45Colonel Bertrand,
07:47I don't have to tell you that you are in danger of death penalty.
07:51We know about your contacts with the Intelligence Service.
07:56But we can try to avoid this punishment
08:01if you give us some interesting information.
08:08I mean, for example,
08:10your contacts with Polish cryptologists.
08:14Your contacts with Polish cryptologists.
08:34Colonel,
08:37if you remain silent,
08:40I have to ask my colleague
08:44to encourage you to confess.
08:47Thank you.
09:09What do you want?
09:12Go.
09:14Talk to him.
09:25And how?
09:41No.
09:47No.
09:54No.
09:56Do your thing.
09:59At the moment, Alois is putting a bandage on his neck.
10:04The bandage is connected with a thread,
10:07which makes manipulation much easier.
10:17Now, the criminal is in the pool.
10:21Alois dives his head into the water.
10:25One more time.
10:2620 seconds, then 30.
10:29And the next time,
10:31until he says something.
10:38Then, Alois puts his feet under his beard.
10:53Colonel,
10:56do you know who this man is?
11:07No.
11:20I don't know him.
11:29And how?
11:38Before I start,
11:42I'd like to talk to Otto Brandl.
11:46I know he's here.
11:49Otto.
12:08This is Heger.
12:10Please inform Colonel Brandl that I'd like to come here.
12:13Yes, right away.
12:28Bertrand.
12:33I'd like to talk to you about two things.
12:37First,
12:46I'm glad you recognized me.
12:49I hope you didn't forget our conversation in Lille.
12:54In 1940,
12:56when you gave us valuable information.
13:01You have no proof.
13:03You're wrong.
13:05I have proof of your interrogation.
13:08I can show you the place where it's hidden.
13:15So, the way you're going to get me out of here
13:18depends on your ingenuity.
13:35Thank you.
13:44I have a proposition for you.
13:46Otto gave me a plan.
13:49Please.
13:51Please.
13:59It depends on your fate
14:01whether you accept my proposition.
14:05And the fate of your wife,
14:07who's also our guest.
14:09As a French officer,
14:11I can't break my oath.
14:15You're right.
14:22And we'll respect it.
14:27We'll forget all your activities
14:30before and during the war.
14:33What do you mean?
14:36If I don't swear by Mr. Blige,
14:39you can cooperate with us against him.
14:43I don't care.
14:45I don't care.
14:47I don't care.
14:49You can cooperate with us against him.
15:01You'll keep in touch with London.
15:04You'll give us all the codes.
15:06Then you'll try to get information
15:08about the invasion against us.
15:10Next.
15:12You'll help to transfer Abwehr's agent to England.
15:15Do you think the German codes are read there?
15:20Of course, we won't chase your associates.
15:25I think these are propositions to be accepted.
15:29But if I'm still being followed by you,
15:32my people will think something's wrong
15:35and will immediately pass it on to the English.
15:38I should be in Vichy by tomorrow.
15:41I think my superiors will understand.
15:45So...
15:47Can I report that you accept our conditions?
15:54Yes.
16:15Thank you.
16:28Good morning.
16:30I have great news.
16:32Invasion?
16:33Yes, sir. Tomorrow.
16:35Despite the storm?
16:37Despite the storm.
16:39The Germans are convinced
16:41that during bad weather they are safe.
16:44Siegfried von Wachtel
16:46reported to General Heinemann
16:48that he has 50 ready positions.
16:50He'll launch a rocket.
16:52A new weapon.
16:54That's why the Prime Minister decided
16:56to start the invasion as soon as possible.
16:58I don't think that's the only reason.
17:01Yes.
17:02The Russians are moving very fast.
17:05In a few months they'll attack Berlin.
17:09We'll stop counting in Europe.
17:12That's it.
17:13What do the Germans think of our chances?
17:16Judging by what I've heard,
17:18the German commanders are divided.
17:21Feldmarschawek Rundstedt
17:23thinks we'll land near Calais.
17:25He also keeps his infantry divisions there.
17:28He wants to strike us right after landing on the beaches.
17:31That's how we should understand his orders.
17:34He placed four armoured divisions
17:36right under Paris as a retreat.
17:38Rundstedt believes
17:40it's a military camp.
17:42It's a real preparation for the invasion.
17:45We let a couple of double agents
17:47infiltrate the camp.
17:49Good idea.
17:51The agents found General Patton there.
17:54They gave the message to the Germans.
17:57We'll kill those agents tomorrow.
18:00But let's get back to the case.
18:02Feldmarschawek Rommel
18:04has a different opinion than Rundstedt.
18:06He predicts our landing in Normandy.
18:08He wants the armoured divisions
18:10near the coast, not near Paris.
18:12What about Hitler?
18:14Has he made a decision?
18:16He confirmed that the armoured divisions
18:18will stay near Paris
18:20as a retreat of Oberkommando der Wehrmacht.
18:22We know Rommel well.
18:24He won't give up.
18:26Let's pray he doesn't convince Hitler.
18:29What else, Commander?
18:31We're taking back the DPSs as usual.
18:34But there's nothing worrying about them.
18:36No news is good news.
18:39That's right, sir.
18:45In June 1944,
18:47the long-awaited 2nd Front was launched.
18:50It was approaching the western border
18:52of the Third Reich.
18:54In order to seize the fortifications
18:56on the Rhine and avoid the German
18:58reinforcements of the Siegfried Line,
19:00the Allied Command
19:02decided in mid-September 1944
19:04to launch an air-to-air operation
19:06near Arnhem in the Netherlands.
19:09German defence preparations
19:11in the Arnhem region
19:13were preceded by an unexpected
19:15and disturbing silence in the air.
19:17The Enigma was silent,
19:19as the group of Hitler's troops
19:21had a local character
19:23and they were not allowed to pass
19:25information and orders
19:27by radio via the Enigma.
19:29The British command
19:31did not draw any conclusions.
19:34The operation,
19:36in which the 1st Polish
19:38Self-Defence Brigade
19:40took part,
19:42was unsuccessful
19:44due to the bad recognition
19:46of the enemy's forces.
19:48The American, British and Polish
19:50troops suffered significant losses.
19:52The defeat near Arnhem
19:54clearly illustrated the role
19:56of the Bletchley decryptors
19:58in making military decisions.
22:34...
22:36...
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23:32You have to hold on.
23:36Give me some water.
23:38Water...
23:40No...
23:42Water...
23:44Water...
23:46Water...
23:48Water...
23:50Get up!
24:02Attention!
24:12Stand still!
24:14Attention!
24:31721-132.
24:35Come.
24:41Come on!
24:48Why are you so stubborn, Mr. Engineer?
24:53We've collected all the data about you.
24:56We even know your French nickname.
25:01Can't you see that we're working effectively?
25:05We can get you a wife.
25:11And boys.
25:14A lot of them.
25:21Maybe you need some time to think.
25:25Let's wait till tomorrow.
25:28After the appeal.
25:48In the concentration camp Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg...
25:51...several tens of thousands of prisoners lived there in 1944.
25:56They worked in close-by arms factories.
25:59The existence of the camp and its factories...
26:01...was the cause of the tragic mistake of the Allied airmen.
26:16Come on!
26:18Keep going!
26:19Keep going!
26:20Sanatorium!
26:28Attention!
26:30Keep going!
26:31Keep going!
26:32Keep going!
26:33Attention!
26:34Stay together!
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31:43I present to your Royal Highness
31:45Lieutenant-Colonel Stuart Menzies.
31:48It is because of his secret weapon
31:50chemical.
32:20Thank you.
32:50A German agent informed Hitler of the purpose, date and size of our action.
32:54Of course, we didn't harm the agent later.
32:59We learned that the Germans would defend Nuremberg thanks to our ultras.
33:04But we couldn't cancel the RAF air raid.
33:07It's a pity. We shouldn't have aroused the Germans' suspicions
33:10that their decisions and orders were known to us.
33:14Your Majesty,
33:15additional losses should be justified by the general strategy
33:20and caution before the disclosure of our most secret weapon.
33:25Once again, my congratulations, Colonel Menzies.
33:29The Queen would like to thank both of you
33:34for saving the British Empire.
33:46Marian Rejewski.
33:50Jerzy Różycki.
33:57Henryk Zygalski.
34:10Colonel Gwidolanger with a group of cryptologists.
34:15A film by Jacek Makarewicz
34:20Photos of the Enigma heroes, taken in a military camp,
34:24amateurishly, in their spare time.
34:36These secret service soldiers fought one of the biggest battles.
34:41You can also refer to the famous words of Churchill,
34:44spoken after the battle of England.
34:47There are not many events in history
34:50in which millions owe so much to so few heroes.
35:05We're finishing our film story.
35:09A group of mathematicians who, many years before the Second World War,
35:14began their work on breaking the German cipher system,
35:18is no longer alive.
35:20Marian Rejewski died in Warsaw on February 13, 1980,
35:25before the end of our series.
35:28Jerzy Różycki died at the Mediterranean Sea in January 1942.
35:33Henryk Zygalski continued his mathematical studies in England
35:38and died in the summer of 1978 near London.
35:42Colonel Gwidolanger died in England three years after the war.
35:46Major Maximilian Ciężki died in England in 1951.
35:51Engineer Antoni Palut and mechanic Edward Fokczyński
35:55did not survive the concentration camp in Sachsenhausen.
35:59President de Gaulle promoted to the rank of General Gustave Bertrand
36:03and died in Toulon in May 1973.
36:11Among the opinions of Western politicians and commanders
36:14who sum up their participation in the Second World War,
36:17the opinion of the cryptologists from Bletchley is the most popular.
36:21Winston Churchill, who was fond of visual comparisons,
36:25aptly called the cryptologists the shadow of the German command.
36:30Marshal Harold Alexander even claimed
36:33that the Ultra changed the whole concept of modern military art.
36:37General Eisenhower, to put it briefly, decided that it was the Ultra.
36:43Let's stick to Churchill's definition.
36:45The Bletchley Park is the shadow of the German command.
36:49Let's repeat what was most often omitted.
36:53It was born into the shadows in Poland, Poznań and Warsaw
36:57a few years before the fall of the Third Reich.
37:00It is the shadow of Polish thought and organization.
37:07Time erases all traces.
37:09However, there are some that cannot be erased.
37:12These include the talent and efforts of a dozen Poles
37:15who fight without a voice
37:17in defense of their own homeland and the endangered world.
37:30POLAND IS THE SHADOW OF THE GERMAN COMMAND
38:00POLAND IS THE SHADOW OF THE GERMAN COMMAND
38:30POLAND IS THE SHADOW OF THE GERMAN COMMAND
39:00POLAND IS THE SHADOW OF THE GERMAN COMMAND