SAY ni DOK | Paano maiiwasan ang heart attack o cardiac arrest
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00:00Let's talk about the heart attack, the heart attack is one of the most feared disease among us because it's a traitor and it's a life-threatening emergency so we should always be prepared and we should know what to do if we ever experience it.
00:25To give us more details about the heart attack, we have Dr. Joseph Cuaresma, a cardiologist. Good morning, Doc, and welcome to Rise and Shine Philippines.
00:37Good morning, good morning to everyone, especially to our listeners.
00:42Alright, Doc, this is Prof. Fied together with Audrey. Maybe we want to know first, what is heart attack, Doc? And what happened to our heart? And what caused it?
00:52So, heart attack is very important because it's one of the most common cause of death among Filipinos.
01:03And of course, our risk factors would include, number one is age, and the classic risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and obesity.
01:15So, when you say heart attack, this is a medical term also known as myocardial infarction.
01:21So, it occurs when you have a blockage or blockage on the path of blood to our heart.
01:28So, it is caused by blockage, clot formation, and it has been forming throughout the years.
01:33So, it is important for us to hear that this heart attack does not occur suddenly.
01:40So, it has been a silent disease, silent throughout the years through the accumulation of plaque materials and clot in our veins, in our heart.
01:51So, it's silent, right? There are already symptoms, but we don't notice it.
01:57Again, Doc, can you please clarify what are the possible symptoms that you will have in the future that will affect your heart so that it can be affected immediately?
02:07So, you have what you call classic symptoms.
02:12You know, chest pain. So, there is a universal sign of chest pain where a person is holding on to his chest.
02:19And you also have the atypical or the non-classic symptoms.
02:23This happens to elderly people, diabetics, and women.
02:29So, most of those symptoms are atypical or non-classical, including shortness of breath.
02:35They would also present with palpitation, even back pain, sometimes abdominal pain.
02:41So, our symptoms are not classic sometimes.
02:45But the more classic symptoms is chest pain.
02:49So, be of the wary, especially those who have risk factors.
02:54I will also say, family history.
02:57So, if you have a family history, a first-degree relative who had a heart attack, especially at the early stage.
03:04These are our relatives who have this type.
03:07And we may also have this possibility.
03:11So, it is only possible to consult our doctors immediately.
03:14Alright, Doc, we understand that there are different types of heart attacks.
03:19Tell us about it.
03:21Because we have seen on TV that there are sudden deaths.
03:24There are also those that I mentioned earlier that are just silent.
03:27So, Doc, what are the different kinds of heart attacks?
03:33So, again, I will also say that it is not just because of the heart attack.
03:41There are also those that are non-occlusive.
03:45So, there are also common causes.
03:49Including those that are non-ischemic.
03:51These include anxiety, depression, emotional stress.
03:56So, this can also precipitate heart attack.
03:59Not only the classical symptoms.
04:02So, we have at least three types.
04:03Number one is ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
04:07Where there is total blockage in the root of the heart.
04:11So, there is ECG finding.
04:13There is a classic ECG finding of ST-elevation.
04:16And this type of MI needs immediate treatment.
04:21And it is crucial to restore the blood flow.
04:24Another type is non-ST-elevation MI.
04:28So, there is partial blockage of your coronary artery or the root of the heart.
04:33And again, this is still a serious condition wherein you really need to be in the hospital to restore your blood flow.
04:40So, the treatment here later on would include restoration of the blood flow and removal of that blockages.
04:47Well, earlier, Doc, you mentioned the age.
04:51Sometimes, when there is an age, it is more at risk here.
04:55Can you tell us, sir, what is the age range that it can possibly hit?
05:01Because recently, we have a friend in the media, a former PTV4 reporter, Kino Trinidad, who had a heart attack.
05:08I also have a friend who is my age.
05:10He passed away last Sunday.
05:12He is still young.
05:14He is still young and he had a heart attack.
05:16Is there an age range where there is a high possibility of a heart attack?
05:20So, of course, risk increases with age.
05:24More so, especially for our senior citizens.
05:26When you go into this age range, 50, 60, and above, your risk increases.
05:32However, at this time, we are not only considering the classical risk factors including, as I said earlier, smoking, stress, obesity,
05:47and of course, high levels of cholesterol and sugar.
05:50So, we are not just looking at the age.
05:53So, if you are becoming fat, if you are sedentary, if you are a smoker, and you are hypertensive,
06:00even at the early stage, even if you are younger, then you could still develop heart attacks.
06:06So, we should really stop, prevent, or control these risk factors so that the heart attack does not occur.
06:16But Doc, I know someone who had a heart attack.
06:21His body was fine. He was not obese.
06:25He even went to the gym and rode his bike.
06:27Why is that?
06:29Is it an isolated case, Doc?
06:31I think, maybe he was not checked.
06:35Again, sometimes these are asymptomatic.
06:38He was not checked.
06:40There is also the possibility that there is sudden rupture.
06:42There is a so-called coronary rupture in trauma, in sudden bursts of exercise.
06:50So, there are some rare occurrences where there is a so-called coronary rupture or even sudden occlusion
07:00because of sudden surge of emotions or sudden activity.
07:04But this is very rare.
07:06We still need to identify the classic risk factors that I mentioned earlier.
07:10Maybe, regardless if you are practicing healthy or eating healthy foods,
07:16you should really get a check-up from the doctor yearly.
07:20Well, Doc, is there a higher chance for a person who experienced a heart attack to have a heart attack again?
07:28Okay. So, of course, if you have a heart attack, the treatment you need is to restore that blood flow
07:35being, hopefully, a de-bypass or doing what you call angioplasty or a stethoscope for a heart transplant.
07:43Yes, it is possible to have a heart attack again.
07:45Especially if you have the risk factors.
07:48You have to really control the risk factors that I am talking about.
07:52So, you need to control the sugar.
07:54You have to bring down your weight.
07:56You have to stop smoking.
07:58And you really have to be more active.
08:01So, in doing that, the risk of recurring is lesser.
08:06So, we really need to control the risk factors that I mentioned.
08:11Well, Doc, how can we know if we are already being attacked by a heart attack and not just a regular heart attack?
08:21Okay. So, I agree with what Sir said earlier that we really need to have a test initially.
08:27So, we have non-invasive tests including ECG, 2D echo, of course, chemistry, blood test, and stress testing.
08:36So, these are the non-invasive tests that we could try to identify the patients who have a risk of having a heart attack.
08:46In terms of symptoms, we have to be wary of these atypical symptoms.
08:51Chest pain, sometimes shortness of breath.
08:55And immediately, you have to go to your doctor, be an internist, cardiologist,
09:00so that we can immediately have a more important test called ECG or electrocardiogram
09:07so that we can see if there are signs of ischemia or ST segment changes in our ECG.
09:14As Filipinos, we are very resilient.
09:17As long as we are careful, we don't go to the doctor.
09:20It's better to have a check-up.
09:22Sometimes, we don't know if it's an anxiety attack or a heart attack.
09:25Prof, sometimes, you don't know.
09:28You think it's just a heartburn.
09:30It's possible that it's a heart attack.
09:32That's why we really need to have a check-up.
09:34Doc, what should we do if a person has a heart attack?
09:39So again, this is an emergency.
09:41We always remember that a heart attack is an emergency.
09:45You really have to go and see your doctor.
09:47And of course, it's an emergency room to identify or to know what type of heart attack is happening.
09:54Again, there are two common or three.
09:57But the two most important are ST elevation and non-ST.
10:01When you say ST elevation, you need immediate reperfusion or immediate restoration of blood flow.
10:08So our hospitals are capable of providing immediate care,
10:14be it by medication or by possible bypass or possible angioplasty.
10:21This is for everyone.
10:23So that we can be careful.
10:25Doc, how can we keep our hearts healthy?
10:32So that's a very important factor.
10:35Prevention is still needed.
10:37I think prevention is the more important key.
10:40It starts with our lifestyle.
10:43We have to be really active.
10:45Our recommendation, of course, is diet.
10:48We have a recommended diet including DASH.
10:51D-A-S-H, Mediterranean diet.
10:54Eat properly.
10:56Exercise at least three to four times a week.
10:59At least 30 minutes a day of moderate exercise.
11:03So moderate.
11:04It's not just walking.
11:06We really need to make a certain effort to move.
11:09And of course, we have to stop smoking, our sedentary lifestyle,
11:16and be always on the lookout for these symptoms.
11:19And please see your doctors to identify these symptoms and risk factors.
11:24One thing is missing.
11:26Be loyal, Audrey, so that your heart will be healthy.
11:30Don't get sick.
11:31Because of that, Doc Joseph, thank you very much for clarifying the information about heart attack.
11:38This is a big help, for sure, to our RSP.
11:42Thank you very much, Doc.