Egypt's Ancient Empire - Egypt From Above (Full Episode) The Nile River - Geography Hawks
A spectacular aerial journey across Egypt reveals how the Nile River was the key to the ancients’ empire and why it is still important today.
About Geography Hawks:
Geography Hawks is the world's premium destination for science, exploration, and adventure. Through their world-class scientists, photographers, journalists, and filmmakers, Geo Hawks gets you closer to the stories that matter and past the edge of what's possible.
About Geography Hawks:
Geography Hawks is the world's premium destination for science, exploration, and adventure. Through their world-class scientists, photographers, journalists, and filmmakers, Geo Hawks gets you closer to the stories that matter and past the edge of what's possible.
Transcript
00:01[Music]
00:04Egypt birthplace of one of the
00:08oldest most
00:10powerful and longest lasting
00:12civilizations on
00:15Earth this spectacular aerial
00:19Journey with privileged access to
00:21incredible
00:24sites will show how the Magnificent
00:27achievements of the ancients
00:29[Music]
00:31helped shapee the Egypt of
00:37today flying over this country's vast
00:39and varied
00:42Landscapes our Bird's eyee view reveals
00:44how generations of
00:47Egyptians battled harsh terrain and
00:51scorching
00:52temperatures to build a nation like no
00:56other
01:02[Music]
01:14Egypt covering nearly 400,000 square
01:18miles and home to almost 100 million
01:24people it's the biggest and most
01:27populous country in the Arab world
01:29[Music]
01:34life here has always been a
01:37challenge 97% of the terrain is Harsh
01:41arid
01:43desert so how did the ancient Egyptians
01:46build such a powerful
01:52civilization a bird's eye view of the
01:55country reveals the answer
02:00the mighty River
02:03Nile at over 4,000 mil it's the longest
02:07river in the
02:11world without it the ancient Egyptians
02:15may never have founded an Empire or
02:17built magnificent
02:27monuments the most iconic of the Ancient
02:30Wonders lies 8 mil from the center of
02:33Egypt's capital
02:37Cairo from the air the scale of the
02:40engineering is
02:45incredible made of an estimated 10
02:47million tons of stone these are some of
02:50the largest pyramids ever
02:53built the oldest and biggest is the
02:57Great Pyramid of Giza
02:59[Music]
03:05completed over 4 and a half thousand
03:07years ago it's formed from more than 2
03:10million Sandstone
03:14[Music]
03:17blocks each block weighs more than a
03:22car created as a tomb for the Pharaoh
03:26kufu it's the only one of the Seven
03:28Wonders of the Ancient World
03:30to survive to the present
03:34day at 480 ft High it remained the
03:38tallest structure on Earth for 3 and 1
03:40half thousand
03:48years the Pyramids of Giza Fascinate
03:51American archaeologist Mark ler so much
03:55he's dedicated four Decades of his
03:57career to unlocking their secrets
04:02well from that very first sight of the
04:04Great Pyramid of kufu the Giza Pyramids
04:06have basically been my life I spent 46
04:11years actually studying the
04:14pyramids who are the people who built
04:16them what do we know about them what do
04:19we know about how they did
04:21[Music]
04:22it people from all over the world come
04:25to Marvel at the pyramid's Majesty
04:30yet it's the remains of more modest
04:32structures nearby that unlock how the
04:35Ancients built these Mighty
04:40tombs in order to create pyramids on
04:42such a gigantic scale they had to create
04:45a whole infrastructure we have found the
04:47footprint of that
04:51infrastructure an aerial view reveals a
04:54huge labor force was once brought here
04:57for construction
04:59so what we have found in the so-called
05:01lost city the pyramid sometimes called
05:03the workers's village it's about 13
05:05hectars we have found their bakeries and
05:08their workshops their poses their grain
05:10silos for feeding the
05:12people but it's only part of a much
05:14vaster City that existed at the foot of
05:16the pyramid's
05:18plateau Mark thinks 20,000 workers once
05:21lived
05:23here they quarried the 5.7 million tons
05:27of sandstone needed to build the Great
05:29pyramid
05:34alone from the air the view of the
05:37neighboring pyramid of cfre reveals
05:40there is another Enigma to
05:45solve its Summit is capped with smooth
05:48stones that once encased the entire
05:53structure it's evidence that the Great
05:56Pyramid once looked very different
05:59the Great Pyramid of kufu stood complete
06:02covered with polished white
06:06Limestone that must have been blinding
06:08when it reflected the
06:11[Music]
06:13Sun the nearest source for the brilliant
06:16Limestone was in chura 8 m away on the
06:19other side of the
06:22[Music]
06:24Nile so how did the Ancients transport
06:27tons of this Stone across miles of
06:30desert and a mighty
06:38River Mark believes the sloping ground
06:41in front of this Temple unlocks the
06:44[Music]
06:47mystery it's a
06:49basin the remains of a huge Harbor and
06:52Canal complex filled by flood water that
06:55the Ancients used to Ferry Stone to the
06:57construction site
07:02we have evidence that the pyramid
07:03Builders use the 7 m rise annually of
07:07the N flood as a huge hydraulic lift to
07:10bring blocks as high as they could and
07:12as close as they could to the pyramid
07:16Plateau it's almost what you don't see
07:18here that is even more impressive than
07:21the pyramids
07:23[Music]
07:28themselves the the Nile made ancient
07:30Egyptian civilization
07:33possible it wasn't just essential for
07:36transport but for food
07:41too and many Egyptians still depend on
07:44it today to
07:50[Music]
07:53survive it's early morning on the island
07:56of elephantine in southern Egypt
07:59[Music]
08:04Father and Son Yousef and Karim Muhammad
08:07are preparing to go fishing as they do
08:09every
08:14day my family has lived on the Nile for
08:16more than 100
08:18years my father was a
08:22fisherman and my father's father was a
08:26fisherman he taught him and then my
08:28father taught me
08:30now I'm teaching my son Karim like my
08:32father taught
08:36me Yousef and kareim are part of the
08:39Nubian
08:43Community they're descendants of some of
08:45the first people to settle in this area
08:47of the Nile Valley over 7,000 years
08:53ago for nobian the Nile is their life
08:57they've always lived around the Nile
09:06flooding caused by the building of a dam
09:08further south at Awan displaced many
09:10Nubians from their
09:14land so for Yousef it's important to
09:17pass the old traditions onto his son
09:21like how to catch fish the Nubian
09:28way you knows the big fish are in deep
09:31water on the other side of the
09:35river to get there Father and Son must
09:38cross a mile of choppy and congested
09:41Waters in their tiny
09:44rowboat all the while dodging
09:48fairies and fast wh sailed
09:52Fuca a collision here would spell
09:56disaster
10:05Nubian fisherman Yousef and his
10:07six-year-old son Kareem must cross one
10:10of the most congested points on the
10:13Nile their livelihood depends on
10:15catching the bigger fish in the deeper
10:21water with perfect timing Yousef drives
10:24the boat through the gaps in the traffic
10:29[Music]
10:39safely on the other
10:41side six-year-old Kareem must keep the
10:44rowo steady against the strong
10:50[Music]
10:52current his father uses an ancient
10:55technique to maximize his catch
11:06when you hit the water once or twice the
11:09fish swim deeper and flee into the
11:12net fish don't like
11:17[Applause]
11:24sound these fish are tilapia a staple of
11:28the Egyptian d since the time of the
11:31[Music]
11:34Pharaohs after an hour youf and kareim
11:37have caught all the fish they need for
11:39tonight's
11:42supper they rode the mile back to their
11:45Village on elephantine
11:49[Music]
11:52Island Cooks dust the fish with flour
11:55and fry them as part of a traditional
11:57Nubian recipe
12:01the Nile means everything because it's
12:02where I
12:03fish it makes life possible the Nile is
12:07my whole
12:09[Music]
12:14life for thousands of years Egyptian
12:18civilizations have relied on the River
12:20Nile for
12:22survival as well as providing food the
12:25rich silt from its Waters allowed
12:27Farmers to grow crops in the
12:32desert German archaeologist Joanna
12:35seagull is also heading to elephantine
12:39Island her work as excavation field
12:42director here is revealing the Nile's
12:44importance to the ancient
12:48[Music]
12:50Egyptians a bird's eyee view of the
12:52Island's southern tip shows the layout
12:55of a 5,000 year old town
12:59[Music]
13:00this was one of the first settlements on
13:02this part of the
13:04Nile the Nile represented a life source
13:08for ancient Egyptians it was one of the
13:10most important things in their life they
13:12got food and water fertile soil trade
13:16connections they got everything from the
13:21Nile before dams controlled the river's
13:24height Monsoon Reigns over Ethiopia to
13:28the south of Egypt caused annual
13:35floods as the rising Waters burst their
13:38Banks fertile silt was deposited across
13:41the flood Plains the further the waters
13:44spread the more Farmland could be
13:56cultivated the ancient Egyptians
13:58developed a system to forecast the
14:00perfect
14:03[Music]
14:04flood the instrument they invented
14:07became known as a
14:10nyom the chiseled markings on this
14:13passageway gauged the height of the
14:15flood and foretold if crops would
14:18flourish or
14:20fail here at elephanttine the flood
14:23arrived first so to measure here would
14:26be a prediction for measuring the hide
14:29all along the Nile at least the ancient
14:31Egyptians hoped
14:38so when the NYL ometer recorded the
14:41optimal water level the fields would be
14:44covered with enough silt to produce a
14:47Bountiful
14:50Harvest thousands of years later and the
14:53Nile Remains the lifeblood of Egypt the
14:57Nile provides still drinking water it
15:00provides energy it still provides
15:02fertile soil and so supports
15:07agriculture without denial there would
15:09be no living
15:11here today 96% of the
15:15population lives on the 3% of cultivated
15:18land irrigated by the
15:26Nile away from these areas
15:29the landscape is very
15:33different almost 375,000 square miles of
15:38Egypt is inhospitable
15:41Desert some of the harshest terrain lies
15:44in the Sinai Peninsula in the east of
15:47the
15:53country rainfall in this part of Egypt
15:56can be as little as 1 in a year
16:01from the air it's clear the Region's dry
16:03rocky soil makes intensive agriculture
16:07almost
16:09impossible yet there's a group of people
16:11who have made the Sinai their home for
16:18Millennia kudra ID morid has lived in
16:22this remote Village her entire life
16:31it's very difficult to find
16:33food there is little rain and little
16:36vegetation for the animals to
16:41eat kudra is
16:44bedwin the majority of this ancient
16:47people migrated here from the Arabian
16:49Peninsula almost 2,000 years
16:54ago in recent decades government
16:57policies aim to increase security and
16:59promote tourism in Sinai have denied
17:02some bedwin access to services and
17:05eroded their nomadic
17:07Traditions many have left to find work
17:10in Egypt's
17:12cities kudra Embrace Life here in the
17:16desert as her ancestors did before
17:21her this desert teaches you to
17:27exercise coming going collecting wood
17:30fetching water keeping moving if you
17:33stay inside your body ages you must walk
17:37be active and stay
17:40healthy kudra is a
17:44widow to keep herself and her goats
17:47alive she must find vegetation in one of
17:50the most arid places on Earth
17:54[Music]
18:03high up on Egypt's arid Sinai Peninsula
18:07bedwin shepherdess kudra ID morid is
18:11taking her goats deep into the desert on
18:14a quest for
18:17grass kudra relies on wisdom passed down
18:21through generations of bedwin Nomads to
18:24read the
18:27landscape a bir eye view reveals gullies
18:31snaking across the mountainous
18:33terrain kudra knows scarce rain water
18:37channeled just beneath the surface is
18:39enough to sustain plant
18:42life there's a lot of grazing
18:45here if they are happy I'm
18:49happy while the goats eat KRA exploits
18:53another of the desert's scant
18:57resources this desert plant is called
19:01agram you pick it crush it and add
19:06water you can wash your hands and
19:09clothes with
19:11it it's soap a nice smelling
19:18soap it's enough grazing for
19:22today tomorrow kudra will have to find
19:25other plants
19:29I do this work every
19:33day I've been here since the day I got
19:35married I've never lived anywhere else
19:39the desert is my
19:43life the bedwin have made the desert
19:46their
19:51home yet the Ancients used these
19:54wastelands for a very different purpose
20:01the Western desert was where the
20:03Pharaohs were buried in preparation for
20:05the
20:09afterlife Royal tombs like the step
20:12pyramid of josa built up to
20:154,700 years
20:17ago would be filled with Priceless
20:22Treasures despite the Pharaohs believing
20:24their pyramids were
20:26impregnable these structures became a
20:29magnet for ancient grave
20:35robbers so 3 and a half thousand years
20:38ago the Pharaohs created a giant secret
20:41tomb within a remote Desert
20:47Valley from the 16th century BCE at
20:51least 63 Royal tombs were built here
20:55over a period of 500 years
21:02the Valley of the Kings is located
21:04beneath a symbolic pyramid-shaped
21:08Mountain the Pharaohs hoped this
21:10inconspicuous sight would be safe from
21:13grave
21:16robbers originally the entrances to the
21:19tombs were sealed and hidden under sand
21:21and
21:25rocks now a network of paths leads the
21:29way
21:32in conservator Lori Wong is responsible
21:36for the preservation of the site's most
21:38famous
21:40attraction the tomb of Tuton
21:45Kon totin common its Fame is due to the
21:48fact that it was a tomb that was
21:50discovered with its grave Goods almost
21:52completely
21:56intact and that's rare because almost
21:59every other tomb had been
22:02looted Tuton kman was just 9 years old
22:05when he became ruler of
22:10Egypt the boy king's tomb was discovered
22:13in 1922 by British egyptologist Howard
22:20Carter inside he found
22:24Treasures including Tuton carman's gold
22:27death mask
22:28[Music]
22:30his gold and silver Throne encrusted
22:32with precious
22:35stones and more than 5,000 other
22:38Priceless
22:43artifacts 1 and a half million people a
22:46year come to the Valley of the
22:50Kings now the huge volume of visitors is
22:53taking its
22:55toll visitors have dust on their
22:57clothing on their shoes
22:59and they come into the tomb and that
23:01dust can actually cement itself onto the
23:03painting making it very difficult to
23:05remove in a safe
23:08manner Lor's team has installed a
23:11ventilation system to help reduce dust
23:14levels inside the
23:18tomb the cleaner air will ensure the
23:21preservation of the boy King's resting
23:23place for generations to come
23:29[Music]
23:35we want other people to be able to
23:37appreciate the tomb as much as we have
23:40to have worked in a tomb like to and
23:42common has been just a wonderful
23:46[Music]
23:50experience Egypt's Mighty pharaohs left
23:53their Mark throughout the
23:56country yet not all monuments visible
23:58from the air are shrines to past
24:02rulers these are towers for domesticated
24:06pigeons the birds have been farmed in
24:08Egypt for thousands of
24:12years ancient sources suggest they were
24:15consumed on important feast
24:19days today pigeons are not only bread to
24:23eat they're bread to compete
24:31in cairo's neighborhood of Gia dozens of
24:34passionate Pigeon breeders are in
24:36constant competition with one
24:38[Music]
24:44another visible from the air precarious
24:47wooden structures like this rise high
24:50above the
24:54rooftops these are called rear and
24:57they're the inner city answer to Pigeon
25:02Towers some are large enough to house
25:04over 300
25:11Birds Hassan Muhammad Hussein calls
25:14himself the pigeon ruler of
25:18Gia I built my first Rea 23 years
25:22ago I built a small one 9t by 9t out of
25:28draw on the
25:30roof it was a long process I made the
25:34higher and bigger until I build the one
25:37I have
25:38now Hassan is one of 2 million pigeon
25:41fanciers in
25:44Egypt in competitions breeders take
25:47their best Birds to a central location
25:50and release them
25:56together the goal is to both both guide
25:58their own Birds home and lure as many of
26:02their Rivals pigeons as they
26:07can the breeder with the most birds at
26:10the end of the event is the
26:12[Music]
26:18winner every competition is different
26:21like a football match catching pigeons
26:23is the equivalent of scoring goals
26:31Hassan meets his opponent here in the
26:33middle of old
26:36Cairo he must win today if he wants to
26:40retain his title pigeon ruler of
26:52Gia in the historic heart of
26:55Cairo Hassan Muhammad Hussein is taking
26:58on Rival kouto Adam in a pigeon Race
27:02Across the
27:04capital both competitors are ready to
27:06release their
27:19Birds 40 pigeons climb high above
27:24Cairo in just a few minutes they'll be
27:27within range of their
27:32coups both competitors must try and
27:34guide home all their pigeons and as many
27:37of their Rivals as
27:42possible whoever captures the most birds
27:48wins soon after arriving back at his
27:51Tower Hassan spots the pigeons
27:58I'm going to call them in and raise a
28:00flag to see which are the competitors's
28:06pigeons Hassan waves and whistles to
28:09entice them to his
28:18Coupe as the pigeons
28:20land he reads their tags to check who
28:23they belong to
28:28[Music]
28:30all Hassan's pigeons have returned
28:34home his competitor kouto Adam hasn't
28:37lured any
28:39away I think that black one is one of
28:42K's
28:43Birds but Hassan
28:47has with another Victory to his name
28:51Hassan retains his
28:53title until the next contest
28:59I'm so happy I'm so pleased that I
29:05[Music]
29:13won the Egyptians relationship with
29:16pigeons is just one Legacy from the time
29:19of the
29:22Pharaohs the ancient ruler vast
29:25monuments stand Testament to their immen
29:31power these were no ordinary Kings they
29:35proclaimed themselves
29:38gods and they expected their subjects to
29:41worship them even after they
29:49died nowhere is this more visible than
29:52on the West Bank of the Nile across the
29:54river from loaw
30:00over 2,000 years pharaohs built Mory
30:04temples here to commemorate their
30:08Reigns and as centers for their Eternal
30:13veneration their true scale only becomes
30:16evident from the
30:24air it's Dawn and setting a course for
30:27the Mory temples is Baha Ahmed an
30:31experienced hot air balloon
30:35pilot Baha flies at first light when the
30:39air is cool and wind currents are most
30:44predictable knowing wind patterns here
30:47is critical because the temples are
30:50located directly beneath jaged
30:55mountains the biggest challenge flying
30:57balloons
30:59is the wind shear and turbulence close
31:01to the mountains so we take that into
31:06consideration and try to keep far away
31:08so there is no danger to the balloon or
31:11the
31:17passengers as Baha tracks a course away
31:20from the mountains he guides his balloon
31:23towards Egypt's most famous Mory
31:25structure
31:29the Temple of hatchepsut is carved into
31:32the side of a
31:33mountain it was built by one of Egypt's
31:36very few female
31:40pharaohs to gain acceptance as ruler she
31:43ordered her Temple to be bigger and
31:45grander than those of all the male
31:47pharaohs before
31:55her this Temple is one of the most
31:57beautiful things to see from the
32:00balloon looking at the design of this
32:02Temple it is more than I can describe
32:05from the balloon it looks very
32:10beautiful as the air warms up Baja must
32:14now negotiate the potentially
32:15treacherous
32:16winds to visit a shrine to the greatest
32:20Pharaoh ever to rule Egypt
32:22[Music]
32:32above the West Bank of
32:33luxa Baja ahmed's balloon approaches a
32:3750,000 Square ft Temple
32:39complex dedicated to Egypt's greatest
32:45[Music]
32:47Pharaoh this is the
32:49ramum the Mory Temple of Egypt's most
32:52prolific Monument Builder Ramsey II
32:59constructed in the 13th century bcee and
33:02covering the area of 47 tennis
33:05courts in its day it was one of the
33:07largest Mory temples in
33:13Egypt it took 20 years to
33:16complete beautiful this is amazing look
33:20at this RS is a
33:23[Music]
33:26second within the ram mum lie the Fallen
33:29remains of a giant statue of rames
33:34[Music]
33:35himself originally it would have risen
33:38to the height of a six-story
33:40building and weighed around 1,000
33:46tons it reminded everyone he was more
33:49than a
33:51man he was a god
33:58as the desert monuments give way to Lush
34:01Farmland
34:02below it's time for baraha to find a
34:05field to touch
34:09down when the balloon goes up you don't
34:11know where you are going to land and
34:14it's a challenge to land somewhere safe
34:15for the
34:18passengers flying balloons every day is
34:20a new
34:25day the pharaoh's may have declared
34:28themselves
34:30Gods but their powers were not
34:35Eternal after ruling Egypt for 3,000
34:39years they were conquered by the
34:43Romans in time belief in their many
34:46pagan gods gave way to one Christian
34:51[Music]
34:55God almost 10 million Christan Ians live
34:58in Egypt
35:00today one of their most important sites
35:03is Mount
35:08Si according to the Bible this mountain
35:12was where God appeared as a burning
35:15bush and where Moses received the Ten
35:21Commandments in the 6th Century CE Roman
35:25Emperor Justinian the ordered a place of
35:28worship to be built marking this most
35:30sacred of
35:33sights the result was St Catherine's
35:37Monastery the oldest continuously
35:39inhabited Monastery in the
35:45world resident monk father macaros left
35:49his home in Denver Colorado to live and
35:52work here
35:58historically uh there are very few
36:00places in the world today that reflect
36:04the life of the Empire which created
36:08this Monastery nowhere else in the world
36:11can anybody find or see an institution
36:15like
36:16this the centerpiece of St Katherine's
36:19Monastery is the great
36:23Basilica this is where daily prayers
36:25have been held for500 100
36:30years today Father macarius must make
36:33sure that everything is ready for the
36:35morning
36:38service there has been an
36:41uninterrupted succession of prayers here
36:43since the mid 6th Century no one in the
36:47world can claim that anywhere except
36:51here life here means following strict
36:54rules and turning your back on modern
36:57company efforts to live in the
37:00wilderness with the chapel now ready the
37:03monks can commence 8 hours of daily
37:06prayers in a monastery that is uniquely
37:09connected to their
37:15faith Moses came here God himself came
37:20to be able to be here and and looking at
37:23one face of this Mountain from
37:25here say to yourself this is really
37:28important I should I I need to be here
37:30for
37:38this preserving thousands of years of
37:41History has made Egypt the country it is
37:46[Music]
37:47today beside the Giza Pyramids it's a
37:50Race Against Time to fill a new $1
37:53billion museum with the country's
37:55greatest treasures
37:58that means transporting fragile and
38:00Priceless artifacts across one of the
38:03world's most congested
38:12cities in Egypt's capital Cairo plans
38:17are underway to bring thousands of years
38:19of History Under One
38:24Roof for more than a century the world
38:27largest collection of ancient Egyptian
38:29Treasures has been housed in
38:32Cairo here at the Egyptian
38:36Museum it's the home of the world famous
38:38relics from the tomb of Tuton
38:43Kon today the neoclassical building is
38:47outdated and too small to display many
38:50of its
38:56items so any Engineers are building a
38:58brand new Museum to accommodate 5
39:01million tourists who visit each
39:11year its scale is
39:16epic when it's finished the grand
39:19Egyptian museum will cover an area of
39:22over 5.2 million square ft
39:27this will be the largest museum devoted
39:29to one civilization on the
39:34planet before it opens thousands of
39:37artifacts must be transported by Road on
39:40an 11 Mile journey to their new home on
39:43the outskirts of
39:48Cairo and that's a
39:51problem Cairo is one of the world's most
39:54congested cities
39:57tens of thousands of road traffic
39:59accidents are reported every year and
40:03congestion costs the country an
40:04estimated $50
40:10billion hitting the road today is this
40:133,000-year-old statue of Ramsey II and
40:17the goddess
40:19anat Ramsey is known as the great due
40:23partly to his huge building projects
40:28director of restoration and transporting
40:30Antiquities ASA zidan must ensure safe
40:35passage it's impossible to put a value
40:38on this
40:39statue for Egyptians it means
40:42civilization culture Heritage and honor
40:46ancient Egyptian civilization is
40:52priceless aca's teen painstakingly wraps
40:55the monument in a protective material
40:57before its
41:04Journey Ramsey will be transported
41:07across Cairo to his new home by driver
41:10Zacharia
41:13Muhammad I feel proud to be transporting
41:16such important
41:17pieces I also feel
41:19afraid because if anything were to
41:22happen to any of these art
41:24facts I would be devastated
41:31to ensure Ramsey's safe delivery
41:34Zacharia has called in
41:38help four police cars and a Special
41:41Forces Unit will escort the mighty
41:53pharaoh to prevent the statue toppling
41:56off his truck
41:58Zacharia must try and maintain a
42:00constant speed of 12
42:02mph towards the grand Egyptian
42:14museum after a 10 60-minute Journey
42:17Zacharia and Ramsey arrive
42:25unscathed I always feel nervous while
42:27driving I feel especially stressed
42:30carrying something of such value to
42:36Egyptians when I arrive at the Grand
42:38Egyptian museum I feel relieved that it
42:41has got here
42:46safely the statue will soon be
42:50unpacked and installed on the new
42:52Museum's grand staircase
42:58I will feel extremely proud to see the
43:01grand Egyptian museum finally open and
43:04visitors coming to see all the
43:06Antiquities that we have transported so
43:10carefully I hope we have done something
43:13that will be
43:25remembered flying over Egypt our bird's
43:29eye view reveals how this proud Nation
43:32continues to embrace its unique
43:38past from the air it's clear how the
43:41Ancients stamped their mark across this
43:43harsh and inhospitable
43:48landscape and how some Lifestyles here
43:51have barely changed for thousands of
43:53years
43:57in this land of the Pharaohs the ancient
44:00and modern continue to live side by side
44:12[Music]