Ces phénomènes naturels vous font frissonner jusqu'à la moelle

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Transcript

00:00:00 Are you a brave enough swimmer to dive in any ocean or any sea?

00:00:06 Bad news, there are places you'd better avoid, even if you know how to swim or dive.

00:00:11 Some of these places have dangerous underwater reefs, powerful tides and currents.

00:00:16 Others are famous for the legends about their monsters and mysterious creatures they shelter.

00:00:20 So let's dive into this panorama of aquatic horrors.

00:00:23 Have you ever heard the term "strid"?

00:00:26 It's a variant of the word "stride" used in the Yorkshire,

00:00:30 and it refers to a narrow section of the Wharf River,

00:00:33 which is so small that you could probably trip over it.

00:00:36 But don't let it fool you by its size, it's one of the most dangerous places in the area,

00:00:40 and the mere fact of taking a step in the water can have disastrous consequences.

00:00:44 The Wharf has a powerful current, and as the stride is so narrow, it is all the stronger in this area.

00:00:50 The intense flow of water eroded the limestone around it,

00:00:54 creating much deeper hollow spaces than the rest of the riverbed.

00:00:58 And here's the secret, the current also weakened the stride's banks below.

00:01:04 So the ground you're standing on, looking at this rapid flow,

00:01:08 is probably just a fragile edge suspended above very steep water.

00:01:12 There is no trace of anyone who has found themselves in the stride's waters,

00:01:16 and who managed to escape.

00:01:18 And the worst part? You would never have thought that this stream, which appears innocent, could pose such a danger.

00:01:24 So we advise you to stick to a safer water plan for your aquatic escapades.

00:01:29 If you're looking to escape the time of a weekend in California, Horseshoe Lake is the place for you.

00:01:36 It has everything for you, sand beaches, hiking trails, and picnic areas.

00:01:41 But wait, there's something else beyond the looks.

00:01:43 This lake has a dark side, with about 40 hectares of dead trees surrounding it.

00:01:48 And it's not just the trees that have been victims of this lake.

00:01:52 The earthquakes that occurred between 1989 and 1990

00:01:56 released carbon dioxide trapped in the magma.

00:01:59 This gas infiltrated the air, engulfing all life around the lake.

00:02:03 Even today, Horseshoe Lake is just as dangerous as it was 30 years ago.

00:02:08 What's so scary is that the toxic gas levels change unpredictably.

00:02:13 The warning signs, which are all over the place,

00:02:18 could certainly give a scary touch to this fun wild hike.

00:02:22 In Kauai, in the Hawaiian archipelago, there is a group of breathtaking waterfalls,

00:02:27 which used to be a popular destination among tourists.

00:02:30 The Kipu Falls, as they are called, used to be a privileged place for swimming and diving.

00:02:35 To get there, you had to walk a long walk along a dirt path,

00:02:39 to finally reach an impregnable view over a 6-meter-high waterfall,

00:02:43 which was flowing into a crystal clear water basin.

00:02:46 But since 2011, this area is forbidden to the public.

00:02:49 Why?

00:02:52 Well, a lot of accidents have occurred at the Kipu Falls.

00:02:56 Of course, jumping from the top of the waterfall would be the most obvious cause.

00:03:00 But there are much more mysterious cases.

00:03:04 Witnesses say that swimmers peacefully enjoyed the water at the bottom of the falls,

00:03:08 before being suddenly sucked under the surface.

00:03:11 No precise explanation has ever been found for these accidents.

00:03:16 Locals think that it is the Moho aquatic spirit that should be blamed,

00:03:21 because it is not so likely to be disturbed by noisy tourists.

00:03:24 There is also a theory about a powerful whirlwind coming from the bottom of the basin.

00:03:28 Either way, the tourist guides no longer mention the Kipu Falls,

00:03:32 and the intrusions there are severely reprimanded.

00:03:35 The Samae San hole, located in the Gulf of Thailand,

00:03:40 seems to be the ideal place for divers looking for strong sensations.

00:03:44 But it is also the most dangerous.

00:03:46 With an abyss of 85 meters, it is the deepest diving site in the region.

00:03:51 But its depth is not the only reason why it is considered a place to avoid.

00:03:55 It is an important navigation crossroads for giant oil workers,

00:03:59 and the powerful currents around the hole make diving even more treacherous.

00:04:03 And as if that were not enough, the Samae San hole also houses ferocious barracudas,

00:04:09 which could easily take on divers without any doubt.

00:04:12 The water is so turbulent that visibility is almost zero,

00:04:15 which makes it difficult to spot these aggressive marine creatures.

00:04:18 In short, the Samae San hole is a place to catch your breath,

00:04:23 but extremely dangerous and should only be explored by experienced divers with steel nerves.

00:04:29 So let us tell you about New Smirna Beach, the world's capital of shark attacks.

00:04:34 If you are looking for a relaxing holiday spot in the Volusia County in Florida,

00:04:39 you might have to think twice.

00:04:41 The waters around New Smirna Beach are full of fish, which attracts a lot of squall.

00:04:47 In fact, there have been so many shark attacks reported in this region,

00:04:52 that it has widely deserved its title of capital of shark attacks.

00:04:57 Researchers themselves have warned that anyone who goes swimming there

00:05:01 would certainly find themselves in close contact with at least one of them.

00:05:05 We are talking about a distance of 3 meters at most,

00:05:08 and in many cases you wouldn't even realize it.

00:05:11 To make matters worse, the Bulldog shark, one of the most dangerous and aggressive types of sharks,

00:05:16 has been spotted in these waters.

00:05:18 Kauai is once again on our list.

00:05:23 A beach on the coast of Napales, called Anakapiai Beach,

00:05:27 may look like paradise on earth to many, but you are not mistaken.

00:05:30 To get there, you will have to go up a very steep rocky path, over 3 kilometers.

00:05:35 There is no lifeguard on this isolated beach,

00:05:39 so if you decide to dive in the water, you will be left to yourself.

00:05:43 The biggest threat to your safety are the incredibly strong currents of rip-off.

00:05:49 They are almost always present, because there is no reef that protects this shore.

00:05:53 And if someone is caught in one of these currents,

00:05:56 there is no safe place to swim, with kilometers around.

00:05:59 The closest beach is 10 kilometers away.

00:06:01 Believe us, Anakapiai Beach is far from being the safest.

00:06:06 It is therefore highly recommended to stay out of the water if you ever come to this beach.

00:06:10 Let us now tell you about a place that seems straight out of a horror movie.

00:06:17 This is Berkeley Pit, an artificial lake located in Butte, Montana.

00:06:21 The first thing you will notice about this place is its disturbing red color,

00:06:27 which tends to make you feel uncomfortable.

00:06:30 You may have tried to go for a dip, but it would be a serious mistake.

00:06:35 Do not even touch it!

00:06:37 This water is incredibly dangerous because of the heavy metals present there,

00:06:41 such as cadmium, arsenic, zinc, lead and copper.

00:06:46 They come from the rocks surrounding the lake and make its waters extremely acidic.

00:06:50 In fact, this place used to be an open-air copper mine, which explains its color.

00:06:57 So if you want our advice, avoid this place, like the plague.

00:07:01 There are three lakes in Africa that may be the most dangerous places of all those we have mentioned so far.

00:07:08 The Monoun Lakes, and Nios in Cameroon,

00:07:12 and the Kivu Lake in Rwanda are like delaying bombs ready to explode.

00:07:17 They formed above underground fusing rock deposits.

00:07:21 And sometimes, these rocks release toxic gases, such as methane and carbon dioxide, directly into the water.

00:07:28 When this happens, these gases can accumulate until suddenly water is gushing out,

00:07:33 creating powerful waves capable of destroying everything that is in their way.

00:07:38 This type of eruption is known as limnic eruption, and it is likely to release a toxic gas cloud

00:07:44 that can be harmful to everything that is nearby.

00:07:47 The most terrifying thing is that these explosions can occur at any time, and without any precursor sign.

00:07:53 So if you ever find yourself near one of these lakes, you better be on your guard,

00:07:57 because you never know when the next one might occur.

00:08:00 Maybe you know other places that you would definitely not recommend for a relaxing swim?

00:08:06 Feel free to share your thoughts in the comments below.

00:08:10 Tired of this boring old land?

00:08:13 Do you want to know what's beyond the starry sky?

00:08:16 You're not alone. People have been asking themselves the same question for centuries.

00:08:21 Fortunately, scientists have a plan.

00:08:23 They have discovered a great number of amazing places located light years away from our blue planet.

00:08:29 One light year is about 9 trillion kilometers.

00:08:32 Breathtaking, isn't it?

00:08:34 So, get on board! The space ship of knowledge is about to take off.

00:08:37 Your first stop is 2.5 billion light years away from Earth.

00:08:42 It's a quasar, one of the brightest objects in the universe, and the first to be discovered.

00:08:47 A quasar is not a star, but a distant galaxy.

00:08:51 This extremely bright object draws its energy from a supermassive black hole.

00:08:55 A disc of matter swirls around the black hole and creates a friction.

00:08:59 It's a bit like when you're cold and you rub your hands against each other to warm up.

00:09:04 The friction between the palms creates heat, which gives you a feeling of well-being and comfort.

00:09:09 The same thing happens in the quasar, but the amount of heat is much more important.

00:09:15 I hope you haven't forgotten to bring sunscreen.

00:09:18 The temperature in the heart of this quasar can reach 10 trillion degrees Celsius.

00:09:23 This object shines 100 times brighter than all the stars in its galaxy combined.

00:09:32 It's time to lower the temperature a bit.

00:09:35 -272 degrees Celsius to be precise.

00:09:38 That's the temperature of a young planetary nebula called the Boomerang Nebula.

00:09:44 It is 5,000 light years away from Earth.

00:09:47 NASA's Hubble Space Telescope took images of this formation in 1998.

00:09:52 It is made up of stars from a star at the end of its life.

00:09:56 Inside the nebula, there is more wind than in the wind city.

00:10:01 Winds reach speeds of 500,000 km/h.

00:10:05 And it is to them that we owe the nebula's ice temperatures.

00:10:09 Researchers were impressed to discover that the temperature of the Boomerang Nebula is just over 1 degree to zero.

00:10:17 Zero Kelvin should be the coldest temperature possible.

00:10:20 That's the point where all molecular and atomic activity stops.

00:10:24 It makes you want to turn up the thermostat of your spaceship.

00:10:28 Then you go to a place you don't necessarily want to visit.

00:10:32 I'm sorry, it's the black hole.

00:10:35 This giant is located in the heart of a large galaxy a few 10.4 billion light years from our planet.

00:10:42 Its mass is 66 billion times greater than that of the sun.

00:10:46 What a shame to make the supermassive black hole of our galaxy blush.

00:10:50 The mass of the latter is only 4.5 million times greater than that of the sun.

00:10:55 But it's better not to get close to it, because black holes feed on matter.

00:11:00 By calculating the amount of matter they consume, scientists can determine their rate of expansion.

00:11:06 And these black holes have a great appetite.

00:11:09 Astronomers think that supermassive black holes are hiding somewhere in the universe.

00:11:15 If they really exist, their mass is estimated to be more than 100 billion times that of the sun.

00:11:22 It's time to eat something light.

00:11:26 The spaceship enters the Kepler-51 system.

00:11:30 This system houses the lightest planets in our universe, called superpuff.

00:11:35 This term evokes something light, and it is indeed the case.

00:11:38 The mass of these planets is equal or slightly higher than that of the Earth.

00:11:42 But that doesn't mean they're small.

00:11:45 Imagine them as giant beards the size of Jupiter.

00:11:48 These are newly born planets whose atmosphere is still cooling down.

00:11:53 It is, however, better to wait for the end of this process, because 260°C is too hot to handle.

00:11:59 But for experts, superpuffs are special.

00:12:03 These planets are incredibly rare, since researchers have managed to discover less than 20 of them to date.

00:12:09 Are you ready for a race?

00:12:10 Let's say the ship you're on is traveling at a speed of 40,000 km/h.

00:12:15 That's the highest speed record in the history of mankind.

00:12:18 It was established by the NASA astronaut trio during the Apollo 10 mission in 1969.

00:12:25 And no, I'm not talking about Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin.

00:12:28 They took part in the Apollo 11 mission later that year.

00:12:32 Today, you're going to measure yourself to a star 18,000 light-years away from Earth.

00:12:37 Your biggest advantage is that it's a neutron star.

00:12:40 It was formed when another massive star ran out of nuclear fuel and couldn't meet its needs.

00:12:47 Imagine a car driving on an empty tank.

00:12:49 Victory couldn't be closer, could it?

00:12:52 Well, not quite.

00:12:53 When a massive star thinks its time is up, it shrinks and starts spinning.

00:12:58 Artistic skaters do the same thing during a pirouette.

00:13:01 They fold their arms to increase rotation to the maximum.

00:13:04 This neutron star is the universe's champion.

00:13:07 It spins at a speed of 250 million km/h.

00:13:11 That's about 24% of the speed of light.

00:13:15 Wow!

00:13:16 Are you running out of energy right now?

00:13:18 It's time to recharge with a gamma beam.

00:13:21 Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves generated by various forms of radiation.

00:13:26 These beams were practically unknown to science until the late 1960s.

00:13:31 Satellites equipped with gamma ray detectors accidentally recorded huge rays outside our solar system.

00:13:39 What are they?

00:13:40 Nothing dark, no doubt, since they're the most energetic forms of light.

00:13:45 Scientists think gamma bursts occur when two neutron stars collide and form a black hole.

00:13:52 The other explanation is that they're the final stages of a supernova's life.

00:13:57 This event occurs when a star decides to go out of power by accident.

00:14:02 Gamma bursts are brighter than a diamond.

00:14:05 They're a million billion times brighter than the sun.

00:14:08 It's a real energy explosion.

00:14:11 You're in a relaxed mood.

00:14:13 You want to visit a place with a lot of interest.

00:14:16 No, I'm not talking about a spa station, but a magnetar.

00:14:20 It's a rather peculiar neutron star.

00:14:23 Magnetars have a magnetic field a billion times more powerful than our planet.

00:14:28 But don't let this attraction seduce you.

00:14:31 You won't live long enough to tell it if you get close to one of them.

00:14:36 In 2004, an eruption from a magnetar's surface managed to compress the Earth's magnetic field

00:14:42 to a distance of 50,000 light years.

00:14:45 Impressive for a star the size of a city.

00:14:48 But you want to team up with this oversized magnet to make the biggest hold-up possible.

00:14:53 A magnetar can fly all the credit cards on the planet at an equal distance to the moon.

00:15:00 Fortunately for humans, NASA has only discovered 31 of its stars to date.

00:15:06 You've barely escaped the magnetar's attraction.

00:15:09 Suddenly, you feel a strange force pulling you away from your point of attachment.

00:15:14 It's the Grand Attractor, one of the universe's greatest mysteries.

00:15:19 This massive gravitational irregularity has been drawing us closer and closer to it for billions of years.

00:15:26 Scientists estimate that the Grand Attractor is located in the center of the super-sphere, the Aniakea.

00:15:32 This name means "incalculable sky" in Hawaiian.

00:15:36 It represents a gigantic set of planets, stars and asteroids.

00:15:41 Our galaxy, the Milky Way, is just a spot in this huge super-amount.

00:15:46 According to the Big Bang theory, not the sitcom, but the real theory,

00:15:51 the universe has developed in all directions.

00:15:54 But the mysterious Grand Attractor slows things down.

00:15:58 How exactly?

00:16:00 Researchers haven't found the answer to this question yet.

00:16:03 The good thing is that they know how to name these phenomena.

00:16:06 The end of the universe would be called the Big Crunch, assuming there's still someone to call it that.

00:16:12 Your journey ends at the edge of the universe.

00:16:15 The farthest galaxy from Earth is also the oldest.

00:16:19 The galaxies that formed first after the Big Bang are the ones that drifted the furthest.

00:16:25 So, every time a high-altitude telescope detects a very, very far point,

00:16:29 it gives scientists an image of the origins of the universe.

00:16:35 You're on the island of Quemada Grande, one of the most dangerous in the world.

00:16:41 There, you're in the middle of a tropical forest.

00:16:44 There are huge rocks and grassy plains.

00:16:46 This place is home to birds, otters and giant cockroaches, but also another animal.

00:16:52 And it's because of this one that the island has acquired its sinister reputation.

00:16:56 There are snakes, and in large numbers.

00:16:58 So many that the place is also known as the Snake Island.

00:17:03 Can you survive there?

00:17:05 Located just 32 km from the Brazilian coast, the island has an area of 43 hectares.

00:17:11 It was probably cut off from the continent during the last glacial period.

00:17:15 For this reason, snakes have found themselves separated from most other animal species.

00:17:20 They have lived there without any rivals, with almost unlimited sources of food.

00:17:25 In such a small space, there are up to 4,000 snakes, which represents 1 snake per square meter.

00:17:31 It would be very difficult to never come across one of these creatures on this island.

00:17:36 This snake, the island's trigonocephalus, is not only the most common on the island,

00:17:42 but it also turns out to be, in the family of viperidae, an extremely venomous species.

00:17:47 In fact, it's one of the most venomous species in all of Latin America.

00:17:51 The power of its venom is due to its large isolation.

00:17:54 Apart from snakes, there are only birds on this land.

00:17:57 And to catch these birds, the snake's venom had to be particularly violent.

00:18:01 As a result, since they were separated from their distant parents, their venom has become almost five times more powerful.

00:18:07 Most of the time, the island's trigonocephalus hides in the trees or leaves that cover the ground.

00:18:13 If you ever find yourself stuck here, it's better that you keep a good distance from these animals.

00:18:18 Snakes mainly use their odors and vibrations to capture their prey.

00:18:23 If you get too close to one of them, stay still or move away slowly.

00:18:27 If you emit too many vibrations, they will feel threatened, which could push them to attack you.

00:18:32 If you see one of them a few miles away, or if you're heading for tall grass,

00:18:37 tap your feet several times.

00:18:39 This will inform the snakes of your presence.

00:18:41 They won't take the risk of measuring themselves to a prey larger than them, and will probably flee quickly enough.

00:18:47 It's always good to carry a stick, in case you happen to stumble upon a snake.

00:18:53 This will give you a kind of extension that will prevent you from biting.

00:18:57 This stick could save your life.

00:19:00 If it has a V-shaped end, your stick will give you even more advantage.

00:19:04 If a snake starts to behave aggressively, you can hold it to the ground and stop it in its tracks.

00:19:10 But whatever happens, don't try to pick it up.

00:19:13 Well, but what should you do if you get bitten?

00:19:16 The risks are quite high on this island, of course.

00:19:19 First of all, don't try to extract the venom yourself.

00:19:22 Make sure to call the emergency services immediately.

00:19:25 And once the rescue teams are on their way, apply a wide bandage to the wound.

00:19:29 A piece of fabric will do the trick if you have nothing else.

00:19:32 Don't try to chase the snake to determine its species.

00:19:35 The emergency services will know which venom it is.

00:19:39 Now, you just have to stay calm and wait for the rescue teams.

00:19:42 You may be wondering who you can call on this abandoned island.

00:19:46 Well, since it is strictly forbidden to visit this place,

00:19:50 signs have been installed all over the island.

00:19:53 You will find a number there that you can call if you have any problems.

00:19:57 Let's say you managed to avoid getting bitten.

00:20:00 What will you be able to eat on the spot?

00:20:03 Queimada in Portuguese means "burning" or "forest fire".

00:20:08 And this name has a story.

00:20:10 Indeed, the whole island was deliberately set on fire to create a banana plantation.

00:20:17 Unfortunately, business didn't go as well as entrepreneurs hoped.

00:20:21 Probably because the snakes didn't let the farmers work in peace.

00:20:25 But some banana trees are still growing today.

00:20:28 And they will bring you the nutrients you need.

00:20:31 You will also need to fill up on protein during your stay.

00:20:34 Fortunately, in addition to snakes, this island also houses cockroaches.

00:20:39 These giant prehistoric-looking cockroaches come out at night to feed on plants.

00:20:44 So, light your barbecue and enjoy this rare meal.

00:20:48 But the best way to survive on this island is to avoid it at all costs.

00:20:53 If, by chance, you pass in front of it, don't forget that this place was once connected to the continent.

00:20:59 The rocks under the surface of the waters are therefore a great risk for your boat if you get too close.

00:21:04 Therefore, make sure to keep a good distance from the shoreline when you cross.

00:21:09 Of course, the island is the most intriguing.

00:21:11 But don't forget that regardless of the distance you approach from these lands,

00:21:15 you won't be able to see the snakes from your boat.

00:21:17 You will only see these creatures if you approach them, which is absolutely not recommended.

00:21:22 Because it's not just the reptiles that make this place dangerous.

00:21:25 Pirates visit this island quite regularly.

00:21:28 Not the wooden-legged pirates who sing while counting their gold coins.

00:21:32 But those who are called the biopirates, who come here to capture the animal that makes the island so dangerous.

00:21:38 They come for the snakes, in order to catch them and sell them on the black market.

00:21:43 Since the island was cut off from the world about 11,000 years ago,

00:21:47 the island's trigonocephalus has evolved in its own habitat.

00:21:50 So, although the number of these reptiles is high in these places,

00:21:54 the species is now considered a threat.

00:21:56 And because of their rarity, their value is very high.

00:21:59 They sell for sums close to 30,000 euros on the illegal markets.

00:22:03 Which of course gives the biopirates the motivation to go to this island.

00:22:07 There are still easier ways to save their lives.

00:22:10 Finally, let's say you have all the resources necessary to survive in one of the most dangerous places in the world.

00:22:16 Do you think you can do this feat?

00:22:18 You may think it's impossible.

00:22:20 You will be surprised to know that in reality, it is perfectly feasible, if you know what you are doing.

00:22:25 Many people have already visited this scary place.

00:22:28 Scientific teams often go there.

00:22:31 They study the island's trigonocephalus, its environment and its food sources for conservation purposes.

00:22:37 But researchers always make sure there is a doctor on the team.

00:22:41 There is also a lighthouse on the Snake Island.

00:22:45 It was operated until the 1920s.

00:22:48 Then it was automated. You can easily guess why.

00:22:51 Brazilian authorities visit this lighthouse once a year to make sure it still works properly.

00:22:56 The inhabitants of the continent know the reputation of the island.

00:22:59 So the stories of people who have disappeared there are rather rare.

00:23:03 But a group of fishermen one day approached too close to its shore.

00:23:07 While they were following their usual route, they accidentally got too close to the coast.

00:23:12 Their boat hit a reef under the waves and began to fill with water.

00:23:16 As the boat was sinking rapidly, men had only two options.

00:23:20 Try to survive in the rough sea or swim to the beach on Snake Island.

00:23:24 It was obviously a difficult choice.

00:23:27 After all, they had heard all the stories.

00:23:29 And it was not only the snakes that scared them.

00:23:31 A legend said that the island was cursed.

00:23:33 But without worrying about their accounts of sleeping standing up,

00:23:36 the fishermen chose to try their luck on the island of Queimada Grande.

00:23:39 After reaching the shore, they tried to be careful.

00:23:43 Their knowledge of the island could help them survive.

00:23:46 More importantly, they knew that they had to avoid the rainforest at all costs.

00:23:51 When the men started to get hungry,

00:23:53 they carefully headed to the forest bed to pick bananas.

00:23:57 But they spent the rest of their time waiting for the rescue,

00:24:00 sitting quietly to conserve their energy.

00:24:03 They could only drink water when it was raining.

00:24:06 It was barely enough for them to stay alive.

00:24:08 They slept on the beach, without protection against the elements.

00:24:11 And yet, they were so close to the lighthouse and the caves,

00:24:14 they were extremely careful.

00:24:17 But it was either to endure a certain discomfort,

00:24:20 or to risk their lives for a dry bed.

00:24:23 They did not give in to temptation.

00:24:25 They managed to survive for three days,

00:24:28 without any of them being bitten by a snake.

00:24:31 After that, a boat finally rescued them.

00:24:34 Now you know that anything is possible.

00:24:37 Imagine that you are surfing on a perfect wave,

00:24:42 and suddenly it freezes.

00:24:44 It looks scary.

00:24:46 But it can't happen in real life, can it?

00:24:49 Well, it can.

00:24:50 If you go to Antarctica,

00:24:52 you might see some incredible frozen waves.

00:24:55 These waves occur when the ice is compressed,

00:24:59 and the ever-stronger pressure brings out the air bubbles.

00:25:03 As for the beautiful blue color,

00:25:05 it is the result of the melting and freezing of the ice.

00:25:09 When summer comes,

00:25:12 an ordinary river in Colombia

00:25:14 turns into a liquid rainbow.

00:25:17 Cagno Cristales,

00:25:18 often considered the most beautiful river in the world,

00:25:21 shines in five colors.

00:25:23 Red, black, green, blue and yellow.

00:25:26 It only appears for six months of the year,

00:25:31 because the aquatic plant that gives it its vivid colors

00:25:34 needs a good water level and a good amount of sun

00:25:37 to perform its magic.

00:25:41 Australia has a unique horizontal waterfall

00:25:44 on the coast of the Kimberley region.

00:25:46 It is actually a rapid stream of tides

00:25:48 that moves through two narrow and aligned rocks.

00:25:51 Tides can rise up to 9 meters.

00:25:53 The falls are reversed every time the tide changes.

00:25:56 The largest rock in the world is also in Australia.

00:26:02 Uluru is so big that it looks like a large hill.

00:26:06 It has a circumference of 10 kilometers

00:26:08 and is 350 meters high.

00:26:11 The edges are eroded because the rock has always been there.

00:26:14 These brick buildings on seven floors

00:26:20 were built from fertile soil,

00:26:22 hay and water that were transformed into bricks

00:26:25 and left to cook in the sun for days.

00:26:27 The steep floors were used to keep cattle and cereals

00:26:31 and the upper levels were meeting and contemplation places for the landscape.

00:26:38 Lantelope Canyon in Arizona,

00:26:40 also known as "the place where water flows into the rock",

00:26:44 has two sections of melted canyons.

00:26:47 Over the years, the water that flows through the gravel

00:26:50 has formed a picturesque formation like no other.

00:26:53 If you are lucky enough to one day walk

00:26:58 through the arid soil of the Namibian desert,

00:27:01 prepare for a strange scenery.

00:27:04 You will see countless circular spots of 2 to 5 meters in diameter.

00:27:08 Structured like a bee nest,

00:27:11 they extend over 2,400 kilometers to the horizon.

00:27:15 These spots are also known as "circle of fairies",

00:27:20 but you could be disappointed by the lack of explanation for this mystery.

00:27:24 No one knows for sure the origin of these circles,

00:27:27 even though there are many theories,

00:27:29 from soil radioactivity to the activity of sand termites.

00:27:34 Mount Aleakala, Hawaii

00:27:36 Mount Aleakala, Hawaii is one of the most silent places in the world.

00:27:40 The park's managers almost couldn't find a sound to measure here.

00:27:45 In Hawaiian, the name means "house of the sun".

00:27:49 It was formed thanks to a volcano that erupted a million years ago.

00:27:56 The lava flows have accumulated over the years and formed a mountain.

00:28:01 It has its own microclimate that is impossible to predict.

00:28:05 It takes almost a week by boat from South Africa

00:28:11 to get to the most isolated colony in the world,

00:28:14 named Edimburgh des Sette-Mers.

00:28:16 It takes a special permission from the local government

00:28:19 to visit it as a tourist.

00:28:21 About 300 inhabitants all live there as a family,

00:28:24 grow their own food and keep their island impeccably clean.

00:28:30 The Daintree forest in Australia is the oldest tropical forest in the world.

00:28:34 It has existed for more than 100 million years.

00:28:37 Daintree houses unique animal species.

00:28:40 12,000 different types of insects

00:28:42 and about half of the population of Australian frogs, butterflies and bats.

00:28:47 The tropical forest also has approximately 3,000 species of plants.

00:28:55 The moving rocks are called so because they seem to move

00:28:58 on the dry lake bed of Raystrike Playa

00:29:01 in the National Park of the Valley of Death in California.

00:29:04 While moving, the rocks leave behind them

00:29:07 frightening traces that have left scientists perplexed.

00:29:10 After all, some of the rock blocks weigh more than 300 kg.

00:29:16 In addition to that, some traces are curved,

00:29:20 while others are mainly straight

00:29:22 with unexpected turns on the right or left.

00:29:25 But finally, NASA experts have solved the mystery in 2006.

00:29:31 It turns out that in winter, the lake is filled with water,

00:29:35 covering the rocky blocks of the bottom with ice.

00:29:38 And as the ice is quite floating,

00:29:40 the underwater movements and the winds move the rocks on the bottom of the lake.

00:29:44 In their silt, they leave strange traces

00:29:48 that can only be seen when the water evaporates in summer.

00:29:52 The Maracaibo Lake in Venezuela

00:29:55 is often nicknamed the world capital of lightning.

00:29:58 Storms occur here 300 days a year, with a peak in September.

00:30:03 Sometimes there are up to 200 lightnings in one minute.

00:30:07 This is because the fresh air from the surrounding Andes

00:30:11 meets the hot air of the Caribbean Sea and generates electricity.

00:30:18 Some places on Earth have less gravity than others.

00:30:21 The Hudson Bay in Canada, for example,

00:30:24 was once covered by a very thick and very heavy glacier

00:30:27 during the last glacial period.

00:30:29 The ice had pushed tons of rocky mass outwards

00:30:32 when it began to melt.

00:30:34 The smaller the mass of an object, the less gravity it has.

00:30:39 It will take another 5,000 years

00:30:41 for the Earth to regain its initial shape at this place.

00:30:44 In the meantime, you will always weigh less here

00:30:47 than anywhere else in the world.

00:30:49 The Lake of the Five Flowers in the Juzhaigu Valley in China

00:30:55 changes color, going from amber yellow to emerald green,

00:30:58 from dark jade to light turquoise, and sometimes to coral.

00:31:02 It never freezes thanks to the hot underwater sources

00:31:07 and does not melt or dry, unlike the other neighboring lakes.

00:31:12 Locals say it is made up of pieces of a mirror fallen from the sky.

00:31:16 The surrounding valley has narrow conical karstic reliefs

00:31:22 and spectacular waterfalls,

00:31:24 and houses about 140 species of birds and giant pandas,

00:31:28 as well as other endangered plant and animal species.

00:31:31 The Denison Cape in the Commonwealth Bay in Antarctica

00:31:37 is the most windy place on the planet.

00:31:39 It has unusual downward winds.

00:31:42 They are formed because of the dome-shaped continent

00:31:45 and the cold climate.

00:31:47 These winds are so fast and strong

00:31:49 that they disrupt the measuring instruments

00:31:51 and the masts to which they are attached.

00:31:53 The record speed at this time is 322 km/h.

00:31:57 The Sahara Desert, which occupies 10% of the African continent,

00:32:04 is extremely hot and dry.

00:32:06 That's why it's one of the places where the sky is the clearest.

00:32:09 There are almost no clouds.

00:32:11 This factor, coupled with the remoteness of all civilization,

00:32:15 makes it one of the best spots to observe the stars.

00:32:18 In Denmark, people are quite regularly witnessed

00:32:23 to a strange phenomenon called the black sun.

00:32:26 And it's even weirder when you know that birds

00:32:29 are the origin of this unusual phenomenon.

00:32:35 Every spring and autumn, millions of swallows

00:32:38 start their annual migration from Sweden, Finland and Norway

00:32:42 to Great Britain, Belgium and France.

00:32:45 Denmark is the place where you can observe the black sun,

00:32:48 the Danish name for the black sun.

00:32:51 Birds travel in large flights,

00:32:55 which facilitates the exchange of information

00:32:57 and allows them to stay warm.

00:32:59 Before landing, they make movements that look like a dance.

00:33:03 But in fact, they perform different formations

00:33:06 to try to make the predators flee.

00:33:08 And although birds fly according to highly synchronized patterns,

00:33:12 people think that the huge flight changes shape in a chaotic way.

00:33:16 The black sun only lasts 20 minutes during the sunset,

00:33:22 and you have to be either fast or lucky to see this phenomenon.

00:33:26 The secret of the candy color of the pink sand beach of Barbados

00:33:32 lies in the crushed corals that are there

00:33:34 and the tiny unicellular red organisms that live below.

00:33:38 You can see this famous color when the waves are strong enough

00:33:43 to carry this mixture to the shore.

00:33:46 The secret of the impeccable cleanliness of this place

00:33:49 is that it has no public facilities

00:33:51 and is less frequented than the other Caribbean islands.

00:33:54 It took thousands of years to form the Picanini Strait in Australia.

00:34:00 During all this time, the freshwater underground

00:34:02 slowly rose to the surface through the limestone.

00:34:05 This formed a large underwater cave on the walls of white limestone.

00:34:09 You need a special permit to dive here, but it's really worth it.

00:34:13 The Batara Gorge Waterfall presents three natural bridges

00:34:20 that everyone can cross to take great pictures and even go on a picnic.

00:34:24 The waterfall is the result of the erosion of limestone

00:34:27 that has lasted for millions of years.

00:34:29 Even if it looks like someone made a hole in the middle.

00:34:32 It is located in the village of Tanurin,

00:34:34 which is only two hours from the Lebanese capital, Beirut.

00:34:38 A village in the state of Meghalaya, in India,

00:34:43 is known to be the most humid on the planet, according to the Guinness Book of Records.

00:34:47 The average annual rainfall there is about 12,000 mm.

00:34:52 This is the result of the hot and humid mousse winds

00:34:57 of the Gulf of Bengal, which brings clouds full of rain.

00:35:00 It pours into the rivers and waterfalls and never stops.

00:35:03 The inhabitants who work in the fields

00:35:05 always wear baskets-shaped blankets to protect themselves, for better or for worse.

00:35:09 The village of Leknes, which has about 3,500 inhabitants,

00:35:15 is located in Norway, above the polar circle.

00:35:18 It benefits from an exceptionally mild climate

00:35:21 compared to other places located at the same latitude.

00:35:24 In January, the average minimum temperature is 0 ° C

00:35:27 and rarely goes below -1 ° C.

00:35:30 In July, the average temperature is 12 ° C,

00:35:33 which is quite common for many other places in Europe.

00:35:36 Puna, in Peru.

00:35:39 It is an empty desert, a rocky land and a big nothingness.

00:35:43 Oh no, wait, there is the Yareta.

00:35:46 The Yareta is a flower plant so particular

00:35:49 that one might think it was photoshopped.

00:35:52 But it is not the same as the rest of the desert.

00:35:55 At first glance, it looks like moss-covered rocks.

00:35:58 But it is a 3,000-year-old plant

00:36:01 found in the frozen prairies of Puna in the Andes.

00:36:04 This plant grows in groups and is so dense

00:36:07 that you could stand on a bush of Yareta

00:36:10 and it would bear your weight without any problem.

00:36:12 The Spotted Lake, in Canada.

00:36:14 Some call it the most magical place in Canada.

00:36:17 In winter and spring, it is just an ordinary lake

00:36:20 that looks like any other.

00:36:22 But try to go there in summer,

00:36:24 when the water starts to evaporate.

00:36:26 You will feel like you are entering another world,

00:36:29 a landscape with blue, green and yellow spots.

00:36:32 In summer, there are more than 300 pools and they are magical.

00:36:36 Over the centuries, people have always believed

00:36:38 that each of them had different healing properties.

00:36:41 Oh, and the explanation of these vivid colors is purely scientific.

00:36:45 Each of them has a strong concentration of different minerals.

00:36:49 Riotinto, in Spain.

00:36:51 For more than 5,000 years, the Red River

00:36:53 has been surrounded by copper mines,

00:36:55 silver, gold and other minerals.

00:36:58 These minerals give the river its particular reddish color.

00:37:02 People have been exploiting this region for centuries

00:37:05 until the entire industry began to disappear.

00:37:07 The mines remained abandoned until their rediscovery in the 18th century.

00:37:11 The river is quite impressive,

00:37:14 but it is also very dangerous for humans

00:37:16 due to its high acidity.

00:37:18 Bacteria in the water create similar conditions

00:37:21 to those found in other parts of our solar system.

00:37:25 For example, scientists think

00:37:27 that there is something quite similar on one of Jupiter's moons,

00:37:30 Europe.

00:37:31 An acid ocean is hidden under the surface of the moon.

00:37:35 The Toyama Bay.

00:37:37 If you walk along the coast of the Toyama Bay in Japan,

00:37:40 you may be lucky enough to see a blue-neon light,

00:37:43 a mystical kind.

00:37:45 It comes from underwater and illuminates the sea at night.

00:37:48 There are not many places where you can see such a phenomenon.

00:37:51 It is the light-blue squid

00:37:53 that is responsible for this breathtaking spectacle.

00:37:56 This creature lives at a depth of more than 200 meters

00:37:59 under the surface.

00:38:00 But in the spring, it gathers near the coast.

00:38:03 Sometimes, the waves even take them to the shore.

00:38:07 The light emitted by these animals is actually a camouflage

00:38:10 that helps them to hide and protect themselves.

00:38:12 During the day, the squid go back to the depths.

00:38:15 But at night, they come back to party near the shore.

00:38:18 The light they produce is not strong enough

00:38:21 to be able to read a book in the dark,

00:38:23 but it is still quite impressive.

00:38:26 Flygeser, Nevada, United States.

00:38:29 Imagine that you are in a space rocket.

00:38:32 At some point, you realize that you have entered

00:38:34 the atmosphere of an unknown planet.

00:38:36 You didn't even see it was there.

00:38:38 The gravity of the planet starts to pull your rocket down.

00:38:42 Soon, it crashes on its surface.

00:38:45 Fortunately, your spaceship is quite solid and remains intact.

00:38:49 So you put on your space suit

00:38:51 and you go to see outside in the sky.

00:38:53 Right in front of you, there is something

00:38:56 you had never seen before.

00:38:58 An incredible nature, extraordinary colors

00:39:01 and a weird thing that looks like a mountain.

00:39:04 And suddenly, it spits a column of boiling water.

00:39:08 You shake your head.

00:39:09 Ah, your imagination is still overflowing.

00:39:12 You are actually in Nevada,

00:39:13 watching the Fly Ranch Geyser.

00:39:16 Don't be disappointed, it's still amazing.

00:39:19 This geyser appeared in the 1960s

00:39:22 when a geothermal energy company

00:39:24 made a drilling.

00:39:26 This allowed the free-attic table to escape.

00:39:29 And the colors are similar to those you can see

00:39:31 in Yellowstone National Park

00:39:33 and it's simply because of the algae.

00:39:35 Speaking of Yellowstone,

00:39:37 it's another place that seems to have been extracted

00:39:39 from another galaxy.

00:39:40 On a surface larger than the states of Delaware

00:39:43 and Rhode Island combined,

00:39:45 there are more than 10,000 hydrothermal structures,

00:39:48 500 geysers and incredible waterfalls.

00:39:51 Tsingy from Bemara in Madagascar.

00:39:54 Here is a place where you can easily imagine

00:39:57 falling face to face with very old animals.

00:40:00 You can almost see them hiding among the pointed rocks

00:40:03 that go up to 100 meters.

00:40:05 Half of this National Park is covered with forests

00:40:08 and the other half is made up of rocks

00:40:11 formed by the erosion of the water.

00:40:13 The place is home to many animals

00:40:15 like chameleons, iguanas, frogs

00:40:18 and many species of lemurs.

00:40:20 Vatnajökull Glacier in Iceland.

00:40:23 In your quest to discover the wonders of our planet,

00:40:27 don't forget to go through Iceland.

00:40:29 You will find the largest glacier in all of Europe.

00:40:32 In some places, the glacier can be over 914 meters thick.

00:40:36 Vatnajökull has 30 glacial emissaries

00:40:39 ready to be explored.

00:40:41 These are ice channels that used to come out of a glacier shell

00:40:45 but remained stuck in the limits of the valley.

00:40:47 As for the famous Icelandic ice cave,

00:40:50 it is formed when the meltwater crosses a glacier

00:40:53 trying to rise to the surface.

00:40:55 This usually happens in summer

00:40:57 when the temperatures are higher

00:40:59 and the water flow is more intense.

00:41:01 When the temperatures drop, the water freezes.

00:41:04 This is how caves are formed.

00:41:06 Staffa, Scotland, United Kingdom.

00:41:09 Staffa is an uninhabited island

00:41:11 that looks like another planet.

00:41:13 Once you see it, you can't get rid of the feeling

00:41:16 that it hides a lot of secrets.

00:41:18 Yet, in reality, it is a calm place

00:41:20 almost entirely occupied by sea birds and seals.

00:41:24 Yet, no one can deny that the incredible rock columns

00:41:28 give this place a unique and mysterious look.

00:41:31 This has always encouraged the people of the area

00:41:33 to spread legends about this unusual cave.

00:41:36 The columns themselves were formed millions of years ago

00:41:39 mainly because of volcanic eruptions.

00:41:42 Glowworm Caves, New Zealand.

00:41:45 Imagine that you find an entrance to a magical cave.

00:41:48 You move at full speed on your boat

00:41:50 eager to take a look inside.

00:41:53 And you are rewarded by one of the most beautiful views.

00:41:56 You discover a closed cave

00:41:58 that seems to be under a magnificent starry sky.

00:42:01 You don't need to go all the way around the Milky Way

00:42:03 to find something similar.

00:42:05 The Glowworm Caves in New Zealand are there for you.

00:42:09 The caves began to form millions of years ago.

00:42:12 And now, they have an impressive collection

00:42:15 of stalagmites and stalactites.

00:42:17 But what makes them truly unique

00:42:19 are their shiny glass.

00:42:21 The caves house thousands and thousands of luminous larvae.

00:42:24 The worms need to attract insects and potential partners.

00:42:28 To do this, they use their tails that shine in the dark.

00:42:31 There are many caves like this in the region.

00:42:34 And people have been exploring them for over 100 years.

00:42:37 The Wulingyuan is a historical site

00:42:40 in the Zhangjiajie in China.

00:42:43 This amazing place offers breathtaking landscapes

00:42:46 and has more than 3,000 rock pillars.

00:42:49 It seems that nature has decided to make its own version of the skyscrapers.

00:42:53 Some of them reach half the size of the Empire State Building.

00:42:57 In general, it is impossible to know where the pillars begin.

00:43:01 All you see when you try to guess what's at the bottom

00:43:04 is an endless fog.

00:43:06 Two natural stone bridges seem to float among the pillars

00:43:09 lost in the clouds.

00:43:11 The Eye of Africa.

00:43:13 It's a mystery that's been hidden for millennia.

00:43:16 The geological location is hard to spot when you're standing normally.

00:43:20 That's why it wasn't discovered

00:43:22 before people started exploring space.

00:43:25 For a while, scientists thought it was a crater

00:43:29 created by a space object that had twisted the Earth's surface.

00:43:33 But after doing research,

00:43:35 they discovered that the origin of the eye was entirely terrestrial.

00:43:39 Today, geologists think that the formation of this eye

00:43:42 began more than 100 million years ago,

00:43:45 when the tectonic plates tore apart the supercontinent

00:43:48 known as Pangaea.

00:43:50 The melting rock that rose to the surface

00:43:52 created a huge dome made up of different layers.

00:43:56 Later, volcanic activity and erosion

00:43:59 ended up forming the eye.

00:44:01 Lake Baikal, Russia.

00:44:04 The deepest, oldest,

00:44:06 and one of the largest freshwater lakes in the world

00:44:09 has secrets that are unique to it.

00:44:11 The lake is frozen from early January to May.

00:44:14 In summer, the water is so clear

00:44:16 that you can see it up to 40 metres deep.

00:44:19 That's because the frozen ice of the Siberian mountains

00:44:22 is incredibly pure.

00:44:24 There's no mineral salt in Lake Baikal either.

00:44:27 Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia.

00:44:29 It's one of the most difficult places to access in South America.

00:44:33 The world's largest salt plain

00:44:35 stretches over 10,400 square kilometres.

00:44:38 It appeared when prehistoric lakes evaporated

00:44:41 thousands of years ago.

00:44:43 The salt is spread over the horizon.

00:44:45 At some point, you don't even know where the earth ends

00:44:48 and the sky begins.

00:44:50 The Atacama Desert, Chile.

00:44:52 The driest desert in the world is made of rocky landscapes,

00:44:56 salty lakes, dunes, and extreme temperatures.

00:44:59 In some parts of the desert,

00:45:01 there hasn't been rain for nearly 500 years.

00:45:04 Without water or nutrients from the ground,

00:45:06 there are no plants either.

00:45:08 That's one of the reasons you feel like

00:45:10 you're on another planet, like Mars.

00:45:13 But wait until night falls.

00:45:15 You'll be able to admire an infinite sky full of stars,

00:45:18 like a window open to the universe and its mysteries.

00:45:22 Have you ever seen a fire rainbow?

00:45:26 Yeah, me neither.

00:45:28 And a circular, horizontal arch.

00:45:30 I don't think so, but just so you know,

00:45:33 it's the same thing.

00:45:35 At first glance, it looks like a painting

00:45:37 with big rainbow-colored lines in the sky.

00:45:40 Despite their name, they have nothing in common

00:45:42 with fire or rain.

00:45:44 This phenomenon occurs on rare occasions

00:45:46 when the sun shines through a certain formation

00:45:49 of clouds filled with ice.

00:45:51 The rainbow-colored halos are just as unique.

00:45:55 Again, a specific type of ice crystal

00:45:58 must be present in the clouds

00:46:00 so that the surface of the earth curves the light of the sun

00:46:02 into a perfect ring.

00:46:04 The same thing can happen with the light of the moon.

00:46:07 The only difference is that the lunar halos

00:46:09 are generally white,

00:46:11 and the solar halos can be rainbow-colored.

00:46:14 When you visit high-altitude regions,

00:46:17 you can be one of the few lucky ones

00:46:19 to see snow penitents.

00:46:21 These are actually ice peaks

00:46:23 that are naturally formed.

00:46:25 To form them, you need a really cold environment,

00:46:28 at a height, and where the air is dry.

00:46:31 The light of the sun directly transforms the ice into steam

00:46:34 rather than melting it into water.

00:46:36 And that's why these blades of snow and ice

00:46:39 begin to appear on the surface of the earth.

00:46:41 As graceful as they may be,

00:46:43 they can reach heights of up to 5 meters.

00:46:46 What happens when small droplets of lava meet the wind?

00:46:51 Well, it's the hair of a hairpin.

00:46:53 Let me explain.

00:46:55 The word "hairpin" comes from the ancient Hawaiian goddess of volcanoes.

00:46:58 Every time the wind carries small drops of lava,

00:47:01 it stretches them to form hair-like braids,

00:47:04 a bit like in the process of creating a glass thread.

00:47:07 These delicate braids can stretch up to 2 meters.

00:47:11 On rare occasions, it can rain without any clouds.

00:47:15 But is it really rain?

00:47:17 Let's examine the scientific aspects of this rare phenomenon.

00:47:20 It is sometimes called a "sunburst,"

00:47:23 because it seems like the rain is falling straight from our star.

00:47:26 But let's be clear,

00:47:28 it is impossible for rain to fall directly from the sun.

00:47:31 Rain clouds are at a certain distance from where it rains.

00:47:35 When the sun's rays are oriented in a certain way,

00:47:38 the clouds are out of sight.

00:47:40 Add a little wind to blow the rain in your direction,

00:47:43 and abracadabra, you get sunbursts.

00:47:47 In Bolivia, there is a place called the Salar de Uyuni.

00:47:52 It is the largest salt desert in the world,

00:47:54 measuring about 10,580 square kilometers.

00:47:58 It is also where half of the planet's lithium is located,

00:48:02 a crucial element in the manufacture of batteries.

00:48:05 But what else is so special about this place?

00:48:08 Every time the rainy season arrives,

00:48:10 it turns this flat earth stretch into a perfectly reflective mirror lake.

00:48:15 What comes to mind when you hear about "Bloodfall"?

00:48:19 A horror movie?

00:48:21 Well, it's just a series of waterfalls

00:48:24 located in one of the driest regions of Antarctica.

00:48:27 They emerge from an underground lake filled with a certain type of bacteria.

00:48:31 These small organisms use sulfates as nutrients instead of sugar,

00:48:35 which makes them fascinating for scientists.

00:48:38 The water contained in this lake is so saturated with iron

00:48:41 that it simply rusts when it comes in contact with the air,

00:48:44 hence the reddish color of the waterfall, which is worth its name.

00:48:47 OK, we all know the song "Sting's Desert Rose",

00:48:51 but it's not entirely imaginary.

00:48:53 There is indeed a thing called the "sand rose".

00:48:56 It's not a plant, but a unique formation of gypsum.

00:49:00 It grows in dry and sandy places,

00:49:03 which can occasionally be flooded.

00:49:05 This constant passage between a wet and dry environment

00:49:08 allows the gypsum crystals to emerge between the grains of sand,

00:49:11 imprisoning them in a form of rose.

00:49:14 Have you ever heard of the "Eye of Africa"?

00:49:16 Scientists are always trying to understand how it formed.

00:49:20 You can only see it if you fly over it,

00:49:22 but it's actually a natural dome.

00:49:25 Richard's structure was formed about 100 million years ago.

00:49:29 And no, I wasn't there at the time.

00:49:31 It has an approximate diameter of 40 km

00:49:34 and is made up of several concentric rings.

00:49:37 The largest, or central zone, measures about 30 km in diameter.

00:49:42 Astronauts were among the first to notice it,

00:49:45 and it has been studied extensively since.

00:49:48 Even today, when astronauts land in Florida,

00:49:51 they know they're almost home when they see the Eye of Africa.

00:49:56 One of the most beautifully coloured trees in the world

00:49:59 is found in the Philippines and Indonesia.

00:50:01 It's called the "rainbow eucalyptus".

00:50:04 It owes its name to its bark, which changes colour

00:50:07 and detaches as the tree ages.

00:50:10 The greenish-green bark is the youngest,

00:50:12 as it is full of chlorophyll, which is usually found in leaves.

00:50:16 It then turns purple and then red.

00:50:19 Finally, it turns brown as it grows and loses its chlorophyll.

00:50:23 Don't get the wrong idea, thinking there's a whole forest here.

00:50:27 It's actually just one tree.

00:50:29 And no, it's not a kind of optical illusion either.

00:50:32 Let me explain.

00:50:34 Under the ground, there's a complex network of roots

00:50:37 that connects about 47,000 tree forms that emerge from the ground.

00:50:41 It's called the faux-tremble poplar.

00:50:43 Some of these trees are among the oldest and largest organisms in the world.

00:50:48 It's a good destination for all travellers.

00:50:51 Well, maybe not so good, actually.

00:50:54 The area most frequently affected by lightning in the world,

00:50:57 according to recent data published by NASA,

00:50:59 is Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela.

00:51:02 On average, every day of the year,

00:51:04 300 storms occur in this area.

00:51:07 But what makes this region so unique

00:51:09 that storms occur so often?

00:51:12 Well, that's where the cool air of the mountains meets the hot and humid breeze of the lake,

00:51:17 which generates electricity above it.

00:51:20 The eternal flame falls in the north of New York state,

00:51:24 near the Canadian border.

00:51:26 In this region, there's a tiny waterfall that hides a big secret,

00:51:31 a 20-centimetre-high fireball.

00:51:34 It turns out that a natural gas leak fuels the flame behind this waterfall.

00:51:39 The waterfall, on the other hand, provides enough cover

00:51:42 to keep it on for almost all the time.

00:51:45 Hikers like to turn it back on when they see it's out of power.

00:51:48 This phenomenon is quite common,

00:51:50 but this example has gained popularity because it's more recent than most.

00:51:55 And it's very beautiful in the pictures, let's be honest.

00:51:58 I've heard of yellow sand, white sand, and even black sand here and there,

00:52:03 but I've never heard of green sand before.

00:52:07 Papa Koela, also known as Greensand Beach, is located in Hawaii,

00:52:12 and it's one of the few beaches in the world to have green sand.

00:52:16 This unique colour comes from the olive rock

00:52:19 that formed during the eruption of a nearby volcano.

00:52:22 And, to be honest, in Hawaii, it's not the volcanoes that are missing.

00:52:26 Forget about the green sand, because some other beaches in the world can even shine at night,

00:52:30 and it's completely natural.

00:52:32 The responsible for this is a small thing called phytoplankton,

00:52:36 or microalgae, as they're sometimes called.

00:52:39 They're actually small plants that contain chlorophyll

00:52:42 and need sunlight to live and develop.

00:52:45 Most types of phytoplankton are able to float in the upper part of the ocean,

00:52:50 where sunlight can still reach them underwater.

00:52:53 When phytoplankton is agitated by the movement of waves and currents,

00:52:57 it emits light, which gives the impression that some of them shine during the night.

00:53:01 These special microorganisms can be found on beaches in many places around the world,

00:53:05 such as the Maldives, Puerto Rico and the Everglades.

00:53:09 At the foot of a mountain, located near Afton in Wyoming,

00:53:13 there's a small river called the Intermittent Source.

00:53:17 There are only a few of them in the world.

00:53:20 But what makes this little stream of water so mysterious?

00:53:23 Maybe it's the fact that it starts and stops every few minutes.

00:53:26 Scientists haven't yet found the precise reason for this phenomenon.

00:53:30 They think it's simply a siphon effect that occurs in the depths of the ground

00:53:35 and causes the river to start and stop frequently.

00:53:38 If you want to take a look, make sure you do it at the end of summer,

00:53:42 because that's when the Intermittent Source is most active.

00:53:46 Well, for once, it's just one way of speaking.

00:53:49 You're out hiking in the wild looking for a safe place to set up your camp.

00:53:56 All you hear are leaves and branches cracking under your feet.

00:53:59 Squirrels are running around in a tree over there.

00:54:02 But suddenly, something unexpected happens.

00:54:05 You notice something strange in the distance.

00:54:08 Between the trees, there's a sort of concrete structure.

00:54:11 Weird.

00:54:13 At this point, you've already gone about thirty kilometers through the woods,

00:54:17 and there's no city or village nearby.

00:54:20 At least, as far as you know.

00:54:23 So you decide to go out on the beaten path with your friends to get a closer look.

00:54:28 But as you get closer, you realize that there's nothing else here.

00:54:32 Hmm, what is this thing doing here, literally in the middle of nowhere?

00:54:37 And it doesn't even look like it's leading to anything.

00:54:40 You put on your Sherlock Holmes cap and you start looking.

00:54:44 Let's see, maybe there was an old house or a manor here

00:54:48 that collapsed over the years and the only thing left is this staircase.

00:54:53 But, strangely, after going around this strange structure,

00:54:57 you realize that there's no trace of ruins or even foundation.

00:55:02 It's as if someone had cut a staircase out of their house,

00:55:05 like in a cake, and put it here for no reason.

00:55:09 Okay.

00:55:11 Your friends and you didn't really want to get closer.

00:55:14 Something's ringing a bell.

00:55:16 The more you look at this structure, the more you think you're going to feel a scary presence.

00:55:21 Something tells you that you should probably leave the area as soon as possible.

00:55:27 As strange as it may seem,

00:55:29 these discoveries of incongruous staircases hanging all alone in the woods are surprisingly common.

00:55:35 Some are made of wood, others of brick or stone.

00:55:38 Some look old, while others seem to have been finished the day before.

00:55:43 The only thing they all have in common is that they lead absolutely nowhere

00:55:47 and that they all end up in very mysterious places.

00:55:51 One of the most famous is in Chesterfield, in New Hampshire.

00:55:55 A long staircase with a medieval look, made of stone, with Roman vaults in the middle of the woods.

00:56:01 It is thought that it was part of Madame Antoinette Chéry's castle,

00:56:05 a Parisian singer from the crazy years.

00:56:07 This castle would be almost a century old, and it was rediscovered in 1962.

00:56:13 This time again, there was nothing but a staircase.

00:56:16 Another old mysterious staircase dates back 9,000 years.

00:56:20 It is in a forest in Italy.

00:56:22 It looks like a step that leads to a tiny platform at the top.

00:56:27 Why would it be worth building it if it leads nowhere?

00:56:31 Well, some experts think it could be some kind of tower for ritual purposes,

00:56:36 but these are only assumptions.

00:56:38 There is a geoid anomaly in the Indian Ocean,

00:56:42 simply known as the Indian Ocean Depression.

00:56:46 It produces the largest deforming natural gravitational force in the world.

00:56:51 The deposits of heavy minerals, the numerous deep-water pits,

00:56:55 and the magma reservoirs present disturb the magnetic field of this area.

00:57:00 Earth's gravity changes in different parts of the planet.

00:57:03 This allows researchers to study certain models

00:57:06 and to understand what happens under the surface.

00:57:09 Higher gravity fields generally mean that the materials are denser underneath, and vice versa.

00:57:16 Some scientists think the anomaly could be a crevice in the mantle of the planet

00:57:21 that would go up to the crust of the Earth.

00:57:24 The island of Niaou seems to be enjoying all modern progress.

00:57:29 There is no car there because the inhabitants travel on foot or by bike.

00:57:33 No wonder they look fit.

00:57:35 They live without running water, without the Internet, and without shops.

00:57:39 The only school on the island is powered by solar energy

00:57:43 through a power generator.

00:57:45 And what's great is that it's the only school in the state that is powered by the sun.

00:57:50 A resident of the island explains some basic rules that permanent residents must follow.

00:57:56 If they break them, they can be expelled.

00:57:59 Now, not far from Bangkok, in the northeast of Thailand,

00:58:03 is a rock formation 75 million years old.

00:58:07 These rocks look like three swans swimming together.

00:58:11 This magnificent pattern, created by nature,

00:58:14 is now known as the Three Swans Rock.

00:58:18 Millions of years ago, this region was just a desert,

00:58:21 but the Earth was changing.

00:58:23 Little by little, the ridge was spread out by the movement of tectonic plates and erosion.

00:58:29 This is how these spectacular formations were created.

00:58:32 If you decide to explore the path around the three swans,

00:58:35 you will find waterfalls, a fauna and abundant flora.

00:58:40 Located on the peninsulas of the Yamal and the Gydane,

00:58:43 these vast pits were discovered in 2014.

00:58:47 They still seem to be constantly evolving.

00:58:50 The pits tend to widen, so that people spot them more and more often.

00:58:55 Of course, the theories about how they appeared are not lacking.

00:58:58 The hypotheses range from the impact of meteorites to the activity of ancient civilizations.

00:59:03 But the most common explanation is that it was methane that reacted to water molecules

00:59:08 after the planet's permafrost began to melt.

00:59:12 This would have caused the explosion of methane bubbles through the ice.

00:59:16 These craters could be thousands of years old, but no one is sure.

00:59:21 You find yourself in New Mexico, in the small town of Taos.

00:59:25 2% of the population hear a strange buzzing sound in the air every day.

00:59:30 Some believe that this sound is linked in one way or another

00:59:33 to the technologies used by the messengers from other galaxies.

00:59:37 There is also a legend that something sinister is happening in the city.

00:59:42 It is rumoured that Taos is cursed.

00:59:45 A bad spirit or some ghosts would punish people

00:59:48 for a mistake made by their ancestors in the past.

00:59:51 Scientists still cannot explain the nature of this sound.

00:59:55 Another theory advances that it is caused by the unusual acoustics of the place,

01:00:00 while others believe that this buzzing is nothing more than a collective hallucination.

01:00:05 Some could hear it for the simple reason that everyone talks about it,

01:00:09 and our minds would generate the illusion of a sound that does not really exist.

01:00:13 This sound is not the same for everyone.

01:00:16 For some, it is a serious vibration, for others, it is rather a buzzing.

01:00:20 But it is not the only place where you can hear these strange noises.

01:00:24 It is called "hum" and people from all over the world claim to have heard it.

01:00:29 Some inhabitants of a small village in Scotland describe it as a serious and thick buzzing.

01:00:34 While the inhabitants of Florida would also have distinguished a similar noise.

01:00:39 We do not know exactly when this phenomenon appeared,

01:00:42 but the first time the press started talking about it was in the 1970s in England.

01:00:48 In addition, there are written traces of a mysterious buzzing dating back nearly 200 years.

01:00:54 According to some estimates, only about 2% of people on the planet can hear this famous "hum".

01:01:00 Maybe their ears are catching low-frequency waves, or maybe the reason is something else.

01:01:06 A volcano in Indonesia spits out blue-hot lava and produces blue and electric purple flames.

01:01:13 This phenomenon occurs because this volcano has sulfur levels among the highest in the world.

01:01:18 It also has a rather characteristic nauseating smell.

01:01:22 But I'm wrong.

01:01:23 When sulfuric gases interact with hot and burning air,

01:01:27 they are ignited by the lava and become blue.

01:01:30 You can also find the largest acid lake in the world inside this crater.

01:01:35 Yes, this place is a real plague.

01:01:38 It is not for nothing that rivers and underwater lakes are called "saltwater basins".

01:01:43 The high salinity makes the water that is there denser than the surrounding sea water.

01:01:48 That's why they sink to the bottom, forming rivers and lakes.

01:01:52 They even have their own waves, and these waves can sometimes hit the shores.

01:01:57 If you went down in an underwater, it would easily float to the surface of a saltwater basin.

01:02:02 But without submarines, swimming in such an environment would be too risky.

01:02:06 It contains too much methane and toxic hydrogen sulfide.

01:02:10 Yes, I would like to go there too, but you can be happy.

01:02:14 The Crystal Cave in Mexico houses one of the most unique crystalline formations in the world.

01:02:20 Thanks to the extremely rare conditions that reign in the cave,

01:02:23 the crystals reach phenomenal sizes.

01:02:26 The air is incredibly humid and the water contains tons of minerals

01:02:31 that stimulate the growth of these giant milky whites.

01:02:34 Some of them are longer than telephone poles.

01:02:37 Cylindrical snowballs occur when a gust of wind starts to roll snow on a snow slope,

01:02:44 a bit like making a snowball.

01:02:46 But if it were a ball, it would end up being too heavy for the wind to move it.

01:02:51 Except that here, the center of the snowball is hollow.

01:02:54 This is because its inner layer is too thin and is carried by the wind as the snowball is formed.

01:03:01 And that makes the object lighter than a snowball.

01:03:04 That's also why it rolls further.

01:03:06 Unfortunately, snowballs are rare because they need very precise conditions to appear.

01:03:13 The Danakil Depression in Ethiopia is probably one of the weirdest places you'll ever see.

01:03:19 It is made up of hot springs of neon colors, lava pools and vast salt streams.

01:03:25 You have to be particularly careful there.

01:03:28 The toxic gases swirl above the hydrothermal phenomena.

01:03:31 And many pools are extremely acidic.

01:03:34 So don't go swimming there. Wait at least 30 minutes after lunch.

01:03:39 No, I'm kidding.

01:03:41 And finally, there is nothing mysterious about these 28,000 rubber ducks found in the seas in 1992.

01:03:48 A boat carrying toys for the bath lost its cargo in the ocean

01:03:52 as it was traveling from Hong Kong to the United States.

01:03:55 Some of these ducks still float there several decades later.

01:03:59 They have been spotted in South America, Alaska, Hawaii and even Australia.

01:04:04 And they still make the bath time so fun.

01:04:07 Oh, you little ducks!

01:04:09 In Russia, on the banks of the Baltic Sea, there is an enigmatic national park.

01:04:14 The Dancent Forest is a place that no scientist has managed to explain so far.

01:04:20 The pine trees are all curved and twisted in a loop and in a spiral.

01:04:24 This forest has only existed since the early 1960s,

01:04:27 when the trees were planted to make the sand of the dunes of this area more stable.

01:04:32 According to one theory, it is the lack of stability of the soils that would have caused the deformation of the pine trees.

01:04:38 Other theories put these twisted trees on the account of the power of the winds or even of supernatural forces.

01:04:43 According to some, positive and negative energies would converge in the forest, causing these strange shapes.

01:04:49 A local legend says that by passing through the circle of a tree, one adds a year to one's life, or that one can make a wish.

01:04:55 I like this legend.

01:04:57 And since we are talking about strange trees, there is one that grows in the region of Piedmont, in Italy.

01:05:02 If you travel, you will see a cherry tree that grew at the top of a wall.

01:05:07 And the strangest thing is that both trees are in perfect health.

01:05:10 A permanent storm rages in the north pole of Saturn, and its shape is very strange.

01:05:15 It is hexagonal. This is probably due to the wind gradients.

01:05:19 The total length of this cloud configuration is 14,500 km,

01:05:23 which represents about 1,900 km more than the diameter of the Earth.

01:05:28 We have been observing this hexagon for years, but the most mysterious thing is that it changes color.

01:05:33 It was once turquoise, and it has recently taken a golden hue.

01:05:37 The reason for this change in color is that the pole is progressively exposed to the sunlight as the seasons change.

01:05:44 Rain is not uncommon in Oakville, in the state of Washington.

01:05:48 But the one that fell one day in the form of frost clouds is still there, without a precise explanation.

01:05:54 We witnessed this strange rain on an area of about 58 km².

01:05:59 Those who approached it later felt symptoms similar to those of the flu.

01:06:03 So what were these clouds?

01:06:05 Scientists claimed that they contained human white blood cells.

01:06:08 Subsequent tests, however, denied the presence of nucleus characteristic of leukocytes.

01:06:14 Some then said that they could be evaporated jellyfish, or even waste from a airline.

01:06:20 The "slippery stones", also called "moving stones",

01:06:23 move alone in the National Park of the Valley of Death in California,

01:06:27 leaving long traces in the earth and sand on their way.

01:06:31 Several accelerated sequences have been carried out to testify to the strange phenomenon.

01:06:36 Scientists have even installed GPS navigators on some stones,

01:06:40 to demonstrate their considerable speed.

01:06:43 According to several researchers, these movements are due to the thin layers of ice

01:06:47 that form during the night in the valley and make the stones slip,

01:06:50 before melting during the day.

01:06:52 But maybe someone is just listening to the Rolling Stones in the corner.

01:06:56 No, probably not.

01:06:58 The crater of Batagaika, in Siberia, looks like the entrance to hell.

01:07:03 It is about 1 km long and more than 86 m deep.

01:07:07 But it keeps growing.

01:07:09 The deeper it gets, the more it exposes its underground layers.

01:07:13 These strata reveal what our planet looked like thousands of years ago.

01:07:17 And the depressions tell us about the climates of the past.

01:07:20 The crater appeared in the 1960s, during a rapid deforestation.

01:07:25 Trees no longer cast shadows on the ground, and the heat increased.

01:07:29 The melt of permafrost then led to the formation of the crater.

01:07:32 The Taos flood in New Mexico

01:07:35 has been driving the inhabitants of this city crazy since the 1990s.

01:07:40 This low-frequency noise deprives people of sleep and exhaustion.

01:07:47 Scientists have tried to find the source of this flood in wine, until now.

01:07:51 Various floods have also been heard in the United Kingdom,

01:07:55 Australia, Canada and other regions of the United States.

01:07:58 Fortunately, only 2% of the world's population can hear them.

01:08:03 Their cause is attributed to mechanical devices,

01:08:05 to various disturbances in the auditory system, and even to certain animals.

01:08:09 The flooding of West Seattle, for example, was attributed to toadfish.

01:08:14 The fairy circle, also called the witch circle, or annular mycelium,

01:08:19 is a mysterious circular formation of mushrooms

01:08:22 that appears in prairies and forest areas.

01:08:25 The reasons why these mushrooms align in this way are the subject of many debates.

01:08:30 According to some superstitions, the fairies, by dancing, would burn the soil,

01:08:34 which would cause a rapid growth of the mushrooms.

01:08:37 In Costa Rica, a set of about 300 megalithic spheres was discovered.

01:08:42 The inhabitants call them "las bolas", which simply means "balls" in French.

01:08:47 These stones are almost perfectly round.

01:08:49 Some of them are huge, weighing up to 16 tons.

01:08:52 In addition, they are made of different materials, such as gabbro, limestone, and grey.

01:08:57 They were once placed just in front of the chiefs' residence,

01:09:00 but their origin is still unknown.

01:09:02 Some claim that these stones are native to the Atlantic.

01:09:06 Hmm, yeah.

01:09:07 If you go to see the Mekong at the end of October,

01:09:10 you will be lucky enough to see luminous balls rise from the water and rise into the air.

01:09:14 The inhabitants of the region call these luminous balls "Nagas fireballs".

01:09:19 The size of the fireballs varies.

01:09:22 These reddish balls can be as small as a spark, and as big as a basketball.

01:09:26 There can be dozens, if not thousands, of balls every night.

01:09:29 Scientists have no precise explanation for this phenomenon,

01:09:33 but it could be due to the flammable gas released by the swamp.

01:09:37 Some superstitious inhabitants believe that they are due to a giant snake that lives in the river.

01:09:42 In Minnesota, on the northern shore of Lake Superior,

01:09:45 there is a park that is known to house the Devil's Kettle.

01:09:51 It is a water fall that splits in two.

01:09:53 Part of the river continues, while the other part disappears into a hole in the ground.

01:09:58 If you throw an object into the Devil's Kettle, it will not reappear.

01:10:02 Scientists still don't know where the water that falls into the hole goes.

01:10:05 The Devil's Kettle is considered dangerous because it is almost impossible to trace its course.

01:10:11 And yes, not the best place to do tubbing.

01:10:14 The Grunions are known for their strange mating ritual.

01:10:18 Females come out of the water and climb onto the shore.

01:10:21 They sink their tails into the sand to lay eggs.

01:10:24 After fertilization by the males, the eggs remain hidden in the sand.

01:10:27 The high tide arrives and carries the hatchlings to the sea.

01:10:31 Scientists still can't explain this reproduction method.

01:10:35 The inhabitants of the countryside in central Norway,

01:10:38 above the Estdalen valley, can often see white, yellow and red floating lights crossing the sky.

01:10:45 These lights appear day and night,

01:10:48 and in the 1980s, they were even seen between 15 and 20 times in a single week.

01:10:53 Estdalen lights can last a few seconds and sometimes more than an hour.

01:10:58 The lights move, seem to float or even swing.

01:11:01 Some scientists think that it is the ionized iron dust that is at the origin of these lights.

01:11:06 Others say that the phenomenon is due to a combustion of sodium, oxygen and hydrogen.

01:11:11 But most people think it's just a plane.

01:11:14 Yellowstone Park has a famous boiling lake,

01:11:18 but it's not the only place in the world where the water is naturally boiling.

01:11:21 At the bottom of the Amazon, there is the Chaney-Timpishka River,

01:11:25 6.5 km long and hot all the time.

01:11:29 Its name means "boiled by the sun".

01:11:32 In fact, it is not really boiling, but it can reach 91 ° C,

01:11:37 enough to cook pasta.

01:11:39 Shall we try?

01:11:40 The lowest temperature is about 45 ° C.

01:11:44 This phenomenon is inexplicable,

01:11:46 given that the river would have to be near a volcano for the water to reach such a temperature.

01:11:51 However, the closest volcano is 640 km away.

01:11:56 Another possibility, an underground fault.

01:11:59 In the east of Venezuela, people living near the Catatumbo river are not afraid of lightning,

01:12:04 because they see it almost every night.

01:12:06 It starts around 7 p.m. and does not stop before dawn.

01:12:10 The eternal lightning of the Catatumbo stopped once for a few months,

01:12:14 from January to March 2010.

01:12:16 It was probably due to drought, or maybe there was no more electricity.

01:12:21 In 1991, a scientist suggested that the phenomenon occurred

01:12:25 because of the meeting of cold and hot air currents in the region.

01:12:29 According to another theory, lightning could be due to the presence of uranium in the rock substrate.

01:12:35 Speaking of lightning, I have to go, bye!

01:12:38 Tsunami of Boxing Day, Indonesia.

01:12:46 An earthquake in the underwater world occurs in the morning.

01:12:49 These earthquakes cause a series of tsunami waves.

01:12:51 The largest reached the height of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.

01:12:54 Megatsunami of the Ensen volcano.

01:12:57 A powerful volcanic eruption triggers a landslide from a lava dome 4,000 years old.

01:13:02 It crosses the city of Chimabara and reaches the sea, triggering a megatsunami.

01:13:07 Megatsunami of the Valley of Valley, Italy.

01:13:10 A landslide causes 255 million cubic meters of forest, land and rocks in the lake.

01:13:16 A dark water wall obscures the sky above a small village at the foot of the Valley of Valley.

01:13:21 Then, in a deafening roar, the wave crosses the edge of the dam, carrying everything on its way.

01:13:27 Megatsunami of Mount St. Helens, United States.

01:13:30 The upper part of Mount St. Helens collapses, causing a huge landslide.

01:13:35 Part of this avalanche plunges into Lake Spirit.

01:13:38 This pushes the waters of the lake into a series of waves almost as high as the Eiffel Tower.

01:13:42 Tsunami of the Lithuania Bay, Alaska.

01:13:45 A landslide caused by an earthquake creates a megavag.

01:13:49 It waves over the cape and carries trees, plants and soil to the rocky substrates.

01:13:54 Molokai, Hawaii.

01:13:56 A third of the Molokai Volcano collapses in the Pacific Ocean.

01:13:59 This causes a tsunami the size of the second largest building in the world, the Shanghai Tower.

01:14:04 The waves reach Mexico and California.

01:14:06 Tsunami of the Yucatan asteroid.

01:14:09 The asteroid, which would have destroyed the dinosaurs, hits the Yucatan Peninsula.

01:14:13 It creates a megatsunami, the largest in the history of the Earth.

01:14:17 This first wave is almost twice as big as the tallest building in the world, the Burj Khalifa.

01:14:21 Hurricane Mitch.

01:14:23 Mitch is formed in the western part of the Caribbean Sea.

01:14:26 Very quickly it strengthens to become the eighth most powerful hurricane in the Atlantic.

01:14:30 The storm pours 10 cm of rain per hour for two days in the Ronduras.

01:14:35 It causes terrible mudslides and floods.

01:14:38 Hurricane Helen.

01:14:40 With extreme power, the storm is one of the few to reach Category 5, the highest possible.

01:14:45 It causes more than 2 billion dollars in damage.

01:14:47 The Great Hurricane.

01:14:49 After being hit by the storm, the storm continues its devastating route.

01:14:53 It tears the bark of the trees that grow in Martinique and St. Lucie and spreads further.

01:14:58 This terrible natural disaster lasts six days.

01:15:01 Hurricane Dorian.

01:15:03 It is the most powerful tropical cyclone to have hit the Bahamas.

01:15:06 The hurricane razes most of the structures on its islands and takes them into the sea.

01:15:10 Hurricane Vilma.

01:15:12 The storm occurs in the Caribbean Sea, near Jamaica, and heads west.

01:15:16 Two days later, it gains enough power to become the most intense hurricane ever recorded in the Atlantic Ocean.

01:15:23 Hurricane Patricia.

01:15:25 A regular storm develops a well-defined eye and becomes a Category 5 hurricane in 24 hours only.

01:15:30 At some point, it moves faster than a Ferrari, rolling at its maximum speed.

01:15:35 This makes Patricia the most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded in the world.

01:15:40 Earthquake in Kamchatka.

01:15:42 It occurs in the early morning at 130 km from the coast of Kamchatka.

01:15:46 The earthquake causes a tsunami.

01:15:48 The first two waves are catastrophic up to 18 meters high.

01:15:51 The third is much weaker.

01:15:53 Earthquake in Valparaiso, Chile.

01:15:56 It occurs around 5 a.m. at the limit of two tectonic plates.

01:16:00 The tsunami triggered by the earthquake destroys 1,000 km of the Chilean coast.

01:16:05 Earthquake in Tohoku, Japan.

01:16:07 The first earthquakes begin at a depth underwater.

01:16:10 The earthquake is so strong that it moves the main island of Japan.

01:16:13 It also moves the entire planet 25 cm above its axis and increases its rotational speed.

01:16:18 The disaster also triggers a tsunami with waves 40 meters high,

01:16:22 which move at a distance of 10 km within the land.

01:16:26 Earthquake in the Indian Ocean, Sumatra.

01:16:29 A rupture along two tectonic plates triggers an underwater earthquake.

01:16:33 It begins around 8 a.m. near the north of Sumatra, Indonesia.

01:16:37 It moves the planet by 1 cm and triggers earthquakes all over the world, up to Alaska.

01:16:42 Earthquake on Friday, Alaska.

01:16:45 The most powerful earthquake recorded in North America lasts 4 minutes and 38 seconds.

01:16:50 A crack of 1,000 km long causes terrible landslides and a tsunami of 8 meters high.

01:16:55 The areas located 300 km away are raised by 10 meters.

01:16:59 In other places, it is 2.5 meters permanently.

01:17:03 Valdivia, Chile.

01:17:05 The great earthquake of Chilean lands begins in the afternoon and lasts no less than 10 minutes.

01:17:09 The disaster hits an area the size of California.

01:17:12 It triggers tsunamis that reach the coasts of Hawaii, Japan, the Philippines, Australia and New Zealand.

01:17:18 An average tornado usually lasts less than 10 minutes, but there are exceptions.

01:17:22 Tornado Del Reno.

01:17:24 It is considered the largest tornado in the world if we base it on its width.

01:17:27 In the Apogee, it reached a diameter of 4 km.

01:17:30 Periville, United States.

01:17:32 It occurs around 2 a.m. and begins by knocking down trees and destroying stone structures.

01:17:38 Then the tornado gets stronger.

01:17:40 It tears down two-story buildings, takes away and makes cars fly as if they were toys.

01:17:45 Bridge Creek Moore Tornado.

01:17:47 When the tornado arrives in Bridge Creek, its width is at its maximum, 1.5 to 2.5 km.

01:17:53 The wind speed in the tornado reaches more than 450 km/h.

01:17:57 This natural disaster causes $ 1 billion in damage.

01:18:00 Manitoba, Canada.

01:18:02 An exceptional tornado rages for nearly 3 hours.

01:18:05 It breaks hundreds of trees and electric poles, damages roads and farms,

01:18:09 but miraculously saves each city on its way.

01:18:12 Tristate Tornado, United States.

01:18:14 The longest tornado in the world travels 350 km through Missouri, Illinois and Indiana.

01:18:20 The average trajectory of a tornado does not generally exceed 8 km.

01:18:24 Tupelo, Gainesville, United States.

01:18:26 A complex system of at least 12 individual tornadoes destroys everything on its way.

01:18:30 Tornadoes also trigger sudden severe floods, which further aggravate the situation.

01:18:35 Vallejonte Slip, Italy.

01:18:38 At 10 p.m., a slip of land of a volume equivalent to that of 100 large pyramids of Giza

01:18:42 detaches from the top of Mount Toc.

01:18:44 It falls into the reservoir of the Vallejonte dam,

01:18:47 causing a tsunami wave higher than the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco.

01:18:51 Yunnan, China.

01:18:53 A rock, stone and mud avalanche, so large that it could fill the port of Sydney,

01:18:57 forms a dam on the Jincha River.

01:19:00 Ida River, Japan.

01:19:02 Following a storm, the equivalent of 300,000 Olympic pools of debris

01:19:06 flow before being stopped by another slip of land earlier.

01:19:09 During the road, the slip takes two buses off the road.

01:19:13 Peru.

01:19:14 A landslide blocks the Mandtaro River.

01:19:16 A long river that crosses the center of Peru.

01:19:18 The whole process does not take more than three minutes,

01:19:21 which means that the flow moves at a speed of 140 km/h.

01:19:25 It also leaves a 8 km long debris drain.

01:19:28 Soi Dam, Tajikistan.

01:19:31 Caused by a 7.4 magnitude earthquake,

01:19:34 the collapse falls into the Murgab River and blocks its flow.

01:19:37 This is how the Soi Dam, one of the highest in the world, appears.

01:19:41 Mount St. Helens, United States.

01:19:43 At 4.30 p.m., a disastrous earthquake slides the entire north face of Mount St. Helens.

01:19:47 It is the largest landslide recorded in the world.

01:19:50 It unleashes a volcanic chimney and causes a catastrophic eruption.

01:19:54 North Bonneville, United States.

01:19:56 In the middle of the 15th century, a major earthquake occurs.

01:19:59 An incredible amount of debris has been precipitating since Table Mountain.

01:20:03 It covers more than 13 square kilometers and blocks the Columbia River

01:20:06 with a dam 61 meters high and 6 kilometers long.

01:20:11 If there were cataclysms every 5 minutes on Earth,

01:20:15 the living conditions on our planet would be almost the same as 4.5 billion years ago.

01:20:21 At the time, the seas and oceans were boiling,

01:20:24 lightning struck everywhere, tectonic plates changed shape,

01:20:28 lava was fusing volcanoes, and worse still, no internet.

01:20:33 The Earth looked like a vast boiling cauldron,

01:20:36 where life was gradually taking shape.

01:20:39 If it starts boiling again,

01:20:41 this cauldron could destroy almost all life on the planet.

01:20:44 So, consecutive cataclysms, it wouldn't hurt to project yourself.

01:20:49 What if we imagined all this?

01:20:51 Well, hello! You wake up in a small underground bunker.

01:20:55 The seismic sensor indicates that an earthquake of 7 on the Richter scale

01:20:59 will break out in a few minutes.

01:21:02 You take a huge waterproof backpack and you go underground.

01:21:06 The bunker is protected from seismic activity.

01:21:09 It moves at the ground level, so you are safe.

01:21:12 But you have to leave this shelter because you have little resources.

01:21:15 In addition, you picked up a radio signal yesterday

01:21:17 telling you that all the survivors had left immediately to the south.

01:21:20 The coordinates they provided are not very far from yours.

01:21:23 You have to hurry before the landscape changes again.

01:21:27 You open the hatch and you find yourself in the middle of the desert.

01:21:30 The sun is almost invisible behind this thick gray sky.

01:21:33 The ground is shaking, but you are not afraid.

01:21:36 There are no more houses or buildings.

01:21:38 Nothing falls on you.

01:21:40 You keep your balance perfectly

01:21:42 and the earthquake does not frighten you to the extent.

01:21:45 It's like jumping on a trampoline.

01:21:47 The only danger are the gulfs flowing in the ground,

01:21:50 but you can easily jump over them.

01:21:52 After this extremely early morning awakening,

01:21:54 you decide to have your breakfast.

01:21:56 You take a can of canned food out of your backpack.

01:21:59 You have a few minutes before the next disaster.

01:22:01 So you eat and you remember your grandfather

01:22:04 who told you how it all started.

01:22:06 Before all this, the planet was divided into territories called countries.

01:22:10 Millions of people lived there,

01:22:12 then something terrible happened.

01:22:15 The tectonic plates began to move

01:22:17 and the air temperature and atmospheric pressure

01:22:20 began to change rapidly.

01:22:22 In one day, earthquakes destroyed entire cities.

01:22:25 Tsunamis and floods took away all the ruins.

01:22:28 Volcanic ashes blocked the passage of sun rays.

01:22:32 Forest fires destroyed almost all the vegetation

01:22:35 and eruptions poisoned the air.

01:22:38 Only a few people managed to adapt to such conditions

01:22:42 and you are one of the few survivors.

01:22:44 After your breakfast,

01:22:46 you are distracted by another earthquake coming from the ground.

01:22:49 It's time to move.

01:22:51 Many people travel the world alone

01:22:53 because they consider it safer.

01:22:55 Others form small communities,

01:22:57 but no one stays in the same place for a long time.

01:23:00 All your life is in motion, but you do not panic.

01:23:03 One of the main rules in a natural disaster

01:23:06 is to stay calm.

01:23:08 So all survivors still have steel nerves

01:23:10 and excellent physical condition.

01:23:12 You travel a few kilometers south

01:23:14 and you suddenly feel something strange.

01:23:17 You put on a gas mask.

01:23:19 The earthquake created a characteristic eruption.

01:23:22 The natural carbon dioxide is released from the ground to the surface.

01:23:25 You feel more comfortable with your mask,

01:23:27 but you can't run fast when you wear it.

01:23:30 Further away, you see a green forest.

01:23:32 One of the few places not to have been affected by fires.

01:23:36 You take off your mask and go there to shelter from the scorching sun.

01:23:39 This green area is rich in vegetation.

01:23:41 Colored flowers, strawberries and many other plants grow here.

01:23:45 But you are worried.

01:23:47 Such fertile land is often near volcanoes.

01:23:51 It spits rich magma with vitamins and minerals.

01:23:54 So the vegetation grows.

01:23:57 You can see a high mountain in the distance.

01:24:00 It's the volcano.

01:24:02 An underground push is felt again and causes an eruption.

01:24:05 You pick up strawberries and run away as fast as possible.

01:24:09 The lava comes out of the volcano's mouth and causes a forest fire.

01:24:13 You take out a folding scooter from your backpack,

01:24:16 with its engine,

01:24:17 and you go as fast as possible to burn yourself.

01:24:20 The sky is filled with volcanic ash.

01:24:23 It won't last long.

01:24:26 The wind gets stronger and stronger every second.

01:24:29 You realize that a hurricane is coming straight at you.

01:24:32 You take a small shovel and dig a hole in the ground.

01:24:36 The hole is dry, but you have enough strength to dig a small trench in a few minutes.

01:24:42 You dive into the shelter of Fortune and protect yourself with a tent.

01:24:47 The hurricane blows volcanic ash in different directions,

01:24:50 and the air becomes clearer.

01:24:52 But the fire doesn't stop.

01:24:54 The wind spreads it through the forest.

01:24:56 You get out of the ravine and put on your gas mask.

01:24:59 There is a lot of smoke around, and it's incredibly hot.

01:25:03 You know the hurricane couldn't have happened without reason.

01:25:06 It forms when hot and humid air hits the surface of the sea,

01:25:09 and it rises in the air.

01:25:11 So there's water over there.

01:25:13 Great, because you're thirsty and you want to cool off.

01:25:17 A roaring thunder starts to roar behind you.

01:25:20 You turn around. A gigantic wave of water is approaching the fire.

01:25:25 Without panicking, you take your life jacket off your backpack,

01:25:28 you take off your gas mask, and you put on a diving mask and fins.

01:25:33 The wave takes you away, but you don't drown.

01:25:36 Over time, you have learned to swim very well.

01:25:40 You hang on to a tree that passes by,

01:25:42 and you wait patiently for the flood to be replaced by another natural disaster.

01:25:47 For five minutes, you sail under a stormy and dark sky,

01:25:50 from which lightning strikes several times.

01:25:53 Despite the waves, you try to head south.

01:25:56 It's rather cold.

01:25:58 You finally see the shore, but it's not land, it's ice.

01:26:02 A strong wind brought a very cold cyclone,

01:26:05 which caused a sudden temperature change.

01:26:08 It's like you're in Antarctica.

01:26:10 Snow and blizzard surround you. It's extremely cold.

01:26:13 But you take an insulating cover made of aluminum,

01:26:16 and you walk slowly south.

01:26:19 Under your clothes, you put towel paper, bubble wrap, pieces of cotton.

01:26:24 All this to keep your body warm.

01:26:26 On the road, you pick up a few bottles of snow to melt it later.

01:26:31 Stalactites form on your face,

01:26:33 and you can't see anything because of the snowstorm.

01:26:36 Suddenly, the snow begins to melt under your weight.

01:26:39 The ice melts and turns into water.

01:26:41 A hot air flow blows on your face.

01:26:44 You find yourself on hard, dry ground.

01:26:46 You look at the sky, then your watch.

01:26:48 Five minutes have passed, and the sky is covered in dark clouds again.

01:26:53 You take a metal plate in your backpack, and you cover your head with it.

01:26:58 A few seconds later, you're in the cold, the rain is pouring, and the hail.

01:27:02 Huge snowballs come crashing against your metal shield.

01:27:06 But you keep calm, and you even have a smile.

01:27:10 The ground becomes wet and unstable because of the frozen rocks.

01:27:13 When the hail is over, you take off all the insulation under your clothes,

01:27:17 and you hide them in your backpack.

01:27:20 Then you take out long steel rods.

01:27:22 They are surrounded by copper wires.

01:27:24 You connect them to each other, making a long antenna.

01:27:28 You plant it in the ground, and you go.

01:27:31 After the hail and the rain, it's lightning that strikes the ground.

01:27:34 More precisely, it hits the paratoner you just built.

01:27:39 You wait for the storm to go away, then you take your steel rod and put it in your bag.

01:27:44 An intense heat surrounds you.

01:27:46 You drink melted snow and you walk through the desert.

01:27:50 The ground shakes, and your adventure resumes.

01:27:53 Earthquakes, carbon dioxide, fires, floods, snowfalls, tsunamis, lightnings.

01:28:00 Again, and again, and again.

01:28:04 You take a compass, you continue your journey, and you finally reach your destination a few months later.

01:28:09 You see a long antenna coming out of the ground.

01:28:11 It's the sign that you're entering an underground city.

01:28:15 The city is made up of dozens of bunkers connected to each other by tunnels.

01:28:20 The city's walls don't allow radiation to pass through,

01:28:23 and they are resistant to earthquakes.

01:28:26 People have learned to draw energy from the ground.

01:28:28 The core of the earth provides heat.

01:28:30 It allows water to boil, and thus create steam.

01:28:34 Electricity is generated in specific stations.

01:28:37 People take water from rivers and underground lakes.

01:28:40 Instead of the sun, ultraviolet lamps are installed everywhere,

01:28:43 providing enough light for people and plants.

01:28:46 Natural disasters occur every five minutes on Earth,

01:28:50 but humanity still has a lot of room underground.

01:28:56 The Salar d'Uyuni looks like it's above a large mirror,

01:29:00 but it's actually a salt lake that's over 10,000 square metres.

01:29:04 It's located in Bolivia, the highest country in South America.

01:29:08 This natural mirror is a vestige of prehistoric lakes that evaporated a long time ago.

01:29:14 Even though it looks flat, GPS technology has shown that a part of the landscape

01:29:19 has small cracks that are all less than 2.5 centimetres in size.

01:29:23 The place is so crowded that it contains about 10 billion tonnes of salt.

01:29:28 If you get there at the right time, some of the neighbouring lakes

01:29:31 overflow with a small layer of water that acts like the mirror of the sky.

01:29:34 Many inhabitants extract salt and lithium from it.

01:29:37 Don't forget to visit the world's first salt hotel during your visit.

01:29:41 You can find a real rainbow mountain in Peru.

01:29:45 Scientists still can't explain it.

01:29:48 The colourful peak is hard to reach, but seeing the colours blue, red, green, yellow and pink in nature

01:29:54 is something you can't forget.

01:29:57 The three bridges of the Libanon Gouffre have three natural bridges that anyone can cross,

01:30:02 take great pictures and even go on picnics.

01:30:05 The waterfall is the result of the erosion of limestone that has lasted for millions of years,

01:30:10 even though it looks like someone made a hole in the middle.

01:30:14 It's located in the village of Tanurin, just two hours from the capital, Beirut.

01:30:19 The Dead Sea contains a high concentration of salt and minerals compared to other seas,

01:30:24 even though it's technically a lake.

01:30:27 It's almost impossible to swim there, but people go there for the natural chemical compounds they find there.

01:30:32 Floating on the surface is a great way to relax.

01:30:35 This ancient waterfall has been named because no macroscopic organism can live there,

01:30:40 as it's 9.6 times saltier than the oceans.

01:30:44 Only a few bacteria and mushrooms, while enjoying the salt, can be found there.

01:30:49 It's also the lowest point on Earth, at 420 metres below sea level.

01:30:54 In Saudi Arabia, a perfectly cut rock is found in the middle, with two parallel pieces.

01:31:00 What makes Al Naslah so unique is that it wasn't made artificially,

01:31:04 but is the result of years of work by nature.

01:31:08 This glacier may look like someone threw tons of red paint in the middle of Antarctica,

01:31:13 but it's actually its natural colour.

01:31:16 The blood waterfalls are the result of extremely salty water mixed with iron oxide,

01:31:21 which gives this strange atmosphere in the middle of nowhere.

01:31:25 In Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam, you can enjoy your coffee a few metres from a...

01:31:30 train on the move.

01:31:32 The inhabitants of this neighbourhood have to make sure that no one is on the rails

01:31:35 when the train passes twice a day.

01:31:37 On days of great influx, you have to stick to a wall behind you,

01:31:41 or go into the many cafes around.

01:31:43 The frozen bubbles are a common thing in Lake Abraham, in Canada.

01:31:48 They look like a gelatinous substance, but it's only methane produced by bacteria

01:31:52 when they eat organisms that are deep in the ground.

01:31:55 During this process, methane bubbles are released,

01:31:59 but as the temperatures are lower at the freezing point, these bubbles freeze on site.

01:32:04 Australia has a unique horizontal waterfall of its kind,

01:32:08 on the coast of the Kimberley region.

01:32:10 Every time the flow goes up or down, the water swells and quickly accumulates

01:32:14 between two narrow gorges, like a goulet.

01:32:17 In this area, the tides vary by 9 metres.

01:32:20 The waterfalls are reversed at each change in tide.

01:32:23 There is also the largest red sea in the world.

01:32:25 It is so big that it looks like a large hill.

01:32:28 It has a circumference of 10 kilometres and is 351 metres high.

01:32:32 The edges are eroded because the rock has always been there.

01:32:36 The Antelope Canyon in Arizona,

01:32:38 also known as "the place where water flows through the rock",

01:32:42 has two sections of melted canyon.

01:32:44 Over the years, the water that flows through the gorge

01:32:47 has created a picturesque formation unique in its kind.

01:32:50 In the Philippines, you can swim in one of the most crystalline waters

01:32:54 and discover an underwater world in the province of Palawan.

01:32:57 The municipality of Coron has white sand beaches

01:33:01 and many small boats sailing through the spectacular landscapes.

01:33:05 Tristan de Cunha is a small volcanic archipelago in the Atlantic

01:33:09 whose only neighbouring cities are Buenos Aires in Argentina

01:33:12 and the Cape in South Africa.

01:33:14 It takes 7 days by boat to get to this incomparable place.

01:33:18 If you want to escape the rest of the world by staying with the 280 inhabitants,

01:33:22 you will feel like you are far from everything.

01:33:24 An island even more isolated than Tristan de Cunha is Pitcairn Island.

01:33:28 Located at 2,200 km off the coast of Tahiti,

01:33:31 this place is a mixture of British, Polynesian and other Pacific Islanders

01:33:36 who live in autarcy thanks to the volcanic soil used for agriculture.

01:33:41 The population is about 50 people.

01:33:43 This small island is considered the second largest protected marine area.

01:33:47 If you plan to visit it,

01:33:49 prepare for a long sea trip on a refueling boat

01:33:52 which welcomes 12 passengers.

01:33:55 This abandoned and magical railway tunnel in Ukraine

01:33:58 is one of the most romantic places you can visit.

01:34:02 Walking through the leaves and lush green plants,

01:34:05 you will feel like you are in a real fairy tale.

01:34:08 The Plitvice Lakes National Park in Croatia

01:34:11 is a major tourist attraction

01:34:13 and a World Heritage Site with many animals and unique plants.

01:34:18 It looks like a magical movie set

01:34:20 with endless waterfalls flowing from all sides

01:34:23 and transparent lakes all around.

01:34:25 Lake Baikal in Siberia is the oldest lake in the world

01:34:28 and contains 20% of the world's fresh water.

01:34:31 It is also the deepest lake in the world

01:34:34 with a maximum depth of 1,646 m.

01:34:37 Because of its age and isolation,

01:34:40 it is one of the most diversified places for organisms.

01:34:43 More than 1,300 species of animals and 570 plants live there.

01:34:47 A underground crystal cave exists in Mexico

01:34:50 and it looks like an interstellar world.

01:34:53 It is located about 300 m below the surface,

01:34:56 each point measuring up to 10 m long and weighing up to 55 tons.

01:35:00 These are some of the largest crystals in the world.

01:35:03 Red sand is what makes this beach unique

01:35:06 and why tourists flock to Tianjin in China.

01:35:09 A red plant called Suaida Salsa lives in the salt water.

01:35:14 The entire beach is covered in red with only the upper layer of the visible sea.

01:35:18 In China, there are also the Tianzi Mountains,

01:35:21 which inspired a famous Hollywood film.

01:35:24 These unique mountains extend over 50 square kilometers

01:35:27 in the Wulinggan region.

01:35:29 Millions of years of rock erosion have formed this amazing beauty.

01:35:33 Under the California sun is the Sequoia National Park,

01:35:36 which houses the giant forest.

01:35:39 It has existed for thousands of years.

01:35:41 More than 8,000 of these colossal trees reign on the territory,

01:35:44 including the world's largest living plants.

01:35:47 The Sequoia, General Sherman,

01:35:49 whose age is estimated at 2,700 years,

01:35:52 is the tree with the largest trunk in the world.

01:35:55 The island of Japan's cats has a population of less than 10 people

01:35:58 and more than 120 cats.

01:36:00 The island is located in an isolated region and the inhabitants love it.

01:36:04 If you decide to visit this place,

01:36:06 make sure to bring someone who loves cats.

01:36:08 Yemen houses the world's oldest skyscrapers

01:36:11 and the oldest metropolis.

01:36:13 The ancient city of Shibam is considered the Manhattan of the desert

01:36:17 because of all the buildings made of earth that emerge from the arid soil.

01:36:20 They were used as stages in caravans during antiquity.

01:36:23 These buildings made of earth bricks make seven floors

01:36:26 and were built from fertile soil,

01:36:28 hay and water,

01:36:30 transformed into bricks and left to cook in the sun for days.

01:36:33 The ground was used to store cattle and cereals,

01:36:37 while the upper floors were places to meet and enjoy the view.

01:36:42 The chemical composition of the ancient hot springs of Pamukkale in Turkey

01:36:46 gives the water that spills over the edges a magical aspect.

01:36:50 They are not only good for purifying your body, but also your mind.

01:36:54 The shape and formation of these rocks

01:36:56 are not the result of the work of a few humans.

01:36:59 They were created by intense volcanic eruptions.

01:37:02 Scientists still don't know why the Giant's Sock in Ireland

01:37:05 has such a strange shape.

01:37:07 Socotra is an island similar to an alien

01:37:10 located off the coast of Yemen in the Indian Ocean,

01:37:13 where one finds one of the most unique trees ever seen.

01:37:16 It is the Dragon's Nest, which can only be found on this amazing island.

01:37:20 In 2008, it was ranked UNESCO's World Heritage Site.

01:37:24 The Black Waterfall in Iceland owes its name to the dark lava columns around it.

01:37:29 The base of the waterfall is made up of carved rocks.

01:37:32 The structure is inspired by Icelandic architecture,

01:37:35 which can be found in some of these famous buildings.

01:37:38 [MUSIC PLAYING]

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