Les scientifiques ont enfin percé le code des secrets d'Oumuamua ! Vous savez, cet objet interstellaire mystérieux qui a laissé tout le monde perplexe ? Eh bien, il s'avère qu'ils ont travaillé à plein temps pour dévoiler ses mystères, et ils ont enfin obtenu quelques réponses. C'est comme une histoire de détective cosmique qui a été résolue après des années d'enquête. Alors, préparez-vous à des révélations époustouflantes sur ce visiteur énigmatique de l'autre bout de notre système solaire. C'est comme si l'univers venait de nous lancer une balle courbe, et les scientifiques sont là pour la réceptionner pour nous. Animation créée par Sympa.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/
Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
http://sympa-sympa.com
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/
Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
http://sympa-sympa.com
Category
😹
FunTranscript
00:00 In 2017, a strange object was spotted in our solar system.
00:06 It had an oblong shape, a bit like a pancake.
00:09 None of the asteroids or comets we have ever observed look like this.
00:14 Its surface was also singular.
00:16 It was at least ten times more reflective than the average objects drifting in space.
00:21 Some have claimed that it had an envelope comparable to polymethyl.
00:25 When it passed near the sun and moved away from our orbit, it accelerated beyond what our gravity would explain.
00:34 At first glance, we would have said that this thing had a rocket attached to its back.
00:39 This unusual visitor even received its own name, Uumuamua.
00:44 It comes from the Hawaiian language and translates as "lighter" or "visitor of a distant land".
00:49 And because of these characteristics, scientists soon wondered if it was really a visitor from an alien people.
00:56 Before getting into deep science fiction, astronomers first gathered the information they were "sure" about.
01:07 Starting with the fact that Uumuamua must have come from another solar system.
01:11 An unexpected event in its original system probably led to its ejection.
01:17 What we did not know was whether it was a comet or an asteroid.
01:22 Both are celestial objects orbiting around a sun.
01:26 But they have their compositions and their components radically distinct.
01:30 Comets are mainly composed of ice, dust and rocks, and are sometimes called "dirty snowballs".
01:38 When a comet approaches the sun, the heat causes the vaporization of the ice, releasing gas and dust particles into space.
01:47 This creates a luminous and sparkling tail that can extend for millions of kilometers.
01:52 Comets generally have an elliptical orbit, often taking them to the farthest edges of the solar system, closest to the sun.
02:04 Asteroids, for their part, are mainly composed of rocks and metals.
02:08 In our immediate neighborhood, they are the remains of the formation of the solar system
02:13 and are generally found in the asteroid belt that extends between Mars and Jupiter.
02:18 Unlike comets, asteroids do not have a tail when they approach the sun because they do not have ice.
02:26 Their orbits generally follow a more circular trajectory compared to comets.
02:32 According to all likelihood, Oumuamua should be a comet, because it seems to come from a different place in the universe.
02:39 However, it does not present the typical signs of a cometary activity.
02:43 Wait a minute, does the cometary have a commentary?
02:47 It's up to you to see.
02:49 Oumuamua does not have a tail and does not spit out gas when it passes, unlike me.
02:54 Although it behaves more like a comet, it looks more like an asteroid.
03:00 Another big question is how scientists were able to locate Oumuamua in the first place.
03:08 Given the immensity of space-time, it is quite remarkable.
03:12 Stars have life spans extending over millions, if not billions of years.
03:17 And the formation of a solar system takes several hundred million years.
03:21 Even the fastest objects take tens of millennia to travel from one star to another.
03:27 On the other hand, humans have only observed the sky with their telescopes for about 400 years,
03:33 an infinite fraction of space-time.
03:35 And it is only in recent decades, if not recent years, that we have obtained the technology
03:41 allowing us to detect and track fast and low-light objects.
03:45 Either such rocks are very common, or we were very lucky with our instruments.
03:50 Or Oumuamua just wanted to be seen.
03:56 Another question concerns the origin region of such objects.
03:59 It is very unlikely that Oumuamua comes from a mature and stable solar system.
04:04 It is because such systems do not eject enough matter to spread across the galaxy.
04:10 A rock can sometimes be projected, but it can rarely go that far.
04:15 Younger systems, however, act differently.
04:19 In these chaotic environments, collisions, fusions and other migrations occur all the time.
04:26 Many small rocks are here, and are the perfect candidates for ejection.
04:31 The solar system that ejected Oumuamua must have had a planet similar to Jupiter.
04:36 Its massive size and gravity could influence other objects through the system,
04:41 potentially causing ejections.
04:43 But all solar systems do not develop planets the size of Jupiter.
04:48 Often, these massive planets end up getting closer to their stars,
04:53 becoming warmer versions of the gas giant.
04:57 Such planets, in orbit close to a sun, are less likely to eject matter in the distance.
05:04 Planets similar to Neptune could also have played a role.
05:08 Although they are not as massive as Jupiter,
05:11 they tend to nest near the periphery of solar systems.
05:16 Our own system thus has the belt of Jupiter, a real comet reservoir, in its periphery.
05:23 During the first stages of the formation of a solar system,
05:26 interactions between planets similar to Neptune and such debris are common.
05:31 However, the discovery of such planets tends to alter the system if it is verified.
05:36 Our methods of detecting such exoplanets work better with massive objects
05:41 near their stars, which complicates the detection of their further homologues.
05:46 Oumuamua also found himself associated with a certain theory
05:52 about how life would have appeared in the universe.
05:55 Permian thought.
05:57 It is a hypothesis that suggests that life exists everywhere in the universe
06:01 and can be distributed between planets by various means,
06:05 such as asteroids, comets and even spatio-vices.
06:10 It claims that life would have originated somewhere in the universe,
06:14 after which it spread to other celestial bodies.
06:19 Adepts of this theory suggest that such interstellar objects
06:23 could potentially carry tiny microbes,
06:26 these fundamental components of life, between stellar systems.
06:30 If such objects were to hit a planet or a moon,
06:34 they could transfer this organism and its monster, a celestial body.
06:40 For the moment, there is no supporting evidence
06:43 that this object in particular would transport life between solar systems.
06:48 After years of research, the general consensus is that Oumuamua was indeed a comet.
06:56 The reason why it moves in such a strange way
06:59 is that it could present hydrogen frozen on its surface,
07:02 which reacts to the contact of sunlight.
07:05 The closer it got to our star, the faster it went,
07:08 releasing this hydrogen and also changing its trajectory through our solar system.
07:13 Its color also tends to support this theory.
07:16 It is red, which could mean that it has been hit by cosmic rays for a long time.
07:22 The more it was bombed by these rays,
07:24 the more hydrogen it accumulated during the process.
07:28 But as they cannot be entirely sure,
07:30 astronomers have planned to follow this visitor.
07:33 The idea is to send a mission to examine it.
07:36 It is already far from us, but it may not be too late.
07:40 We could be able to send a fairly fast probe to catch the comet.
07:45 This plan was called "Projet Lyra"
07:47 and aims to exploit the orbit of Earth and Jupiter
07:51 in order to send a probe far enough to reach Oumuamua.
07:54 If it works, it will be the fastest spacecraft we have ever sent into the universe.
08:00 The trajectory of the space probe would involve using the attraction of our planet
08:05 and that of Jupiter as a gravitational front effect.
08:09 The probe would first leave our planet,
08:11 then return to Earth's orbit before leaving to meet the attraction of Jupiter.
08:17 It would be sent back to our planet a second time,
08:20 where it would be ejected with enough force to reach the comet.
08:25 The "Projet Lyra" also aims to follow a second distant visitor,
08:31 named Borisov.
08:33 This comet was discovered by an amateur astronomer and now bears his name.
08:38 What is fascinating about it is that, well, it is truly impeccable.
08:43 Just like our experience with Oumuamua,
08:46 we have never observed anything similar to Borisov either.
08:49 Studies of light coming from its dust and gas envelope
08:53 show that it is quite clean compared to other space objects.
08:57 After being spotted for the first time in August 2019,
09:01 astronomers studied its trajectory through our solar system
09:05 and concluded that it also came from another star.
09:08 But Borisov gave us more time to study it,
09:11 because we spotted it earlier in its journey through our neighborhood.
09:15 Researchers used advanced telescopes to examine Borisov's dust.
09:21 They discovered that it released more than 180 kg of dust every second.
09:26 We also found that Borisov contained more carbon monoxide
09:30 than the comets of our solar system in general.
09:33 However, this quantity is not the same everywhere on the comet.
09:37 This indicates that the space object
09:40 probably began to form near its original star before moving away from it.
09:45 Perhaps because of larger planets in its immediate neighborhood.
09:49 Borisov's light is much more polarized than the light coming from other comets
09:53 that we have observed, and its cloud is perfectly homogeneous.
09:57 This suggests that Borisov never interacted with another star.