The Sun's Poles Are Shifting: What Will Happen to Us?

Bright Side

Did you hear the news about the Sun's poles doing a little dance? Yeah, turns out they're shifting, which sounds pretty wild, right? So, what's the deal – are we in for some cosmic chaos? Well, scientists say it's totally normal, but it could mess with things like our satellites and navigation systems. Guess even the Sun likes to keep us on our toes!    #brightside   Animation is created by Bright Side.  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Music from TheSoul Sound: https://thesoul-sound.com/   Listen to Bright Side on:  Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0hUkPxD34jRLrMrJux4VxV Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/idhttps-podcasts-apple-com-podcast-bright-side/id1554898078 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Our Social Media: Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/brightside/ Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/brightside.official/ Tik Tok - https://www.tiktok.com/@brightside.official?lang=en Snapchat - https://www.snapchat.com/p/c6a1e38a-bff1-4a40-9731-2c8234ccb19f/1866144599336960  Stock materials (photos, footages and other):  https://www.depositphotos.com  https://www.shutterstock.com  https://www.eastnews.ru  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For more videos and articles visit: http://www.brightside.me

Transcript

00:00 The Sun is getting ready to flip as its magnetic poles are reversing.

00:03 Similar to Earth, the Sun has a magnetic north and a magnetic south.

00:08 But unlike Earth, the reversing process of the Sun's poles is more frequent and easier to predict.

00:14 The next flipping is expected to take place this year between April and August.

00:19 As apocalyptic as it might sound, you don't have to worry. If you're around 30,

00:24 you've already experienced this phenomenon more than once as the Sun flips every 11 years.

00:30 You probably didn't notice any changes back then because this process doesn't impact Earth's life so much.

00:37 But this time, things might be a little different.

00:40 On Earth, ocean currents are movements that play a crucial role in

00:46 influencing both climate and weather by distributing heat from the equator to the poles.

00:51 On the Sun, these currents are more like an ocean of plasma, but they not only transport heat,

00:57 but also carry electromagnetic energy.

01:00 That happens because the Sun is a huge ball of hot and ionized gases that keep flowing inside its core.

01:07 By fusing together hydrogen atoms and forming helium, our star releases a

01:13 massive amount of energy, leading to these very heavy flowing electric currents.

01:19 And whenever you have currents, you have magnetic fields.

01:22 It's easier to understand if you think of that classic experiment with a wire and a nail that you probably

01:28 conducted in elementary school. When electricity flows through a wire, it creates a magnetic field around the wire.

01:34 So when you connect a wire to a battery and wrap it around a nail, the nail becomes a magnet.

01:40 This is similar to how electric currents create magnetic fields on the Sun.

01:45 This whole process with the help of which the Sun generates its magnetic field is called a dynamo.

01:51 We can't observe it directly, but we can see its effects on the Sun's surface.

01:56 When plasma and magnetism flows become unstable and intense, they manifest as sunspots.

02:03 You know, those dark areas on the Sun's surface.

02:06 Much about how the dynamo works remains a mystery,

02:10 but scientists have learned something important after observing these sunspots for centuries.

02:15 The dynamo process follows a pattern. About every decade, it reorganizes itself.

02:21 The Sun's polar magnetic fields get weakened, eventually reaching zero, and then they return, but with the opposite polarity.

02:29 Back in the 50s,

02:32 researchers figured out that when sunspots start to ramp up and become more intense,

02:36 it means the poles are gearing up for a reversal. And over the past few years, solar activity has been off the charts.

02:44 We're talking about more solar flares, more

02:47 electromagnetic radiation bursts, and more plasma blobs being ejected into space.

02:52 It's like we're sitting in the front row at the solar system's most epic fireworks display.

02:57 In fact, the Sun hasn't been this lively in probably two decades.

03:02 Right now, experts think the polar fields are almost in sync and steadily weakening,

03:08 inching closer and closer to zero. But we haven't reached the point of reversal yet.

03:13 Although it might sound like the Sun flips its magnetic poles like clockwork every 11 years,

03:20 the truth is that it's not as neat as it seems.

03:23 This path can be bumpy, and some aspects of the phenomenon are still very hard to predict.

03:30 Take the last solar cycle for example. The Northern Hemisphere started its magnetic flip back in early June 2012,

03:37 but then it kind of hit a snag and lingered around the neutral point until late 2014.

03:43 Meanwhile, in the Southern Hemisphere, things were smoother, with the polarity switching over in mid-2013.

03:49 This time around, the Sun is actually playing nice.

03:53 Things seem to be running way smoother this cycle, with the poles transitioning more evenly.

03:58 But here's the thing. Reversal processes are never the same.

04:02 That's what makes this phenomenon so interesting to observe. But at the same time, it's hard to predict how it'll affect us down here.

04:10 Here on Earth, we don't have to worry too much about those intense Sun explosions happening 93 million miles away.

04:18 But if, and I emphasize if, a solar storm were to reach our planet,

04:24 the main threat it would bring would probably be the disruption of communication satellites in space.

04:29 However, things might be different in this cycle reversal happening in 2024, because the number of satellites has skyrocketed in recent years.

04:39 For example, Elon Musk's Starlink system alone involves more than 4,000 of them.

04:45 All these satellites, along with communication and GPS satellites, could be impacted or even destroyed by a powerful solar storm.

04:54 Although the chances of a powerful solar storm hitting Earth are low, it's not impossible.

05:00 Back in 1859, during the Carrington event, a storm occurred near the peak of the solar cycle,

05:06 causing currents to surge through telegraph lines, sparking fires and disrupting messages worldwide.

05:12 Earth fell silent as telegraph communications failed.

05:16 Just imagine what a solar storm could do to our vast number of satellites today.

05:21 It could affect everything we rely on daily, from space-based communication and navigation to weather forecasting services.

05:28 The ground-level power distribution could also be affected.

05:32 You can forget about watching YouTube or Brightside, because if such an event occurred today, it would cause an internet apocalypse,

05:42 sending countless people and businesses offline.

05:45 There's a prediction that says that if a Carrington-class event happened today, it would result in damages ranging from 0.6 to 2.6 trillion dollars.

05:55 And I'm talking about the United States alone.

05:58 Fortunately for us, solar storms as intense as the Carrington event happen only once every 500 years or so.

06:06 Bad news for communication satellites, but great news for Aurora watchers.

06:13 During the Carrington event, dazzling auroras borealis lit up the sky as polar light shows stretched far beyond their usual ranges.

06:21 The northern lights were spotted as far south as Cuba and Honolulu, Hawaii,

06:27 while the southern lights were seen as far north as Santiago, Chile.

06:30 For many people around the world, this was their first glimpse of the aurora, leaving them obsessed with the unusually bright skies.

06:39 Some of them thought it was the end of the world, while others began their day early,

06:43 thinking the sun had risen after hearing birds chirping and seeing the bright skies.

06:47 Today, we know there's nothing strange about it,

06:52 considering that the appearance of auroras at lower altitudes is one of the expected effects of the sun's magnetic pole reversal.

06:58 Typically, these dazzling phenomena are found between 60 and 75 degrees latitude.

07:05 But during the last magnetic pole reversal in 2013, intense auroras were observed below 50 degrees.

07:12 Eyewitnesses described these auroras as blood or deep crimson red,

07:16 shining so brightly that you could read a newspaper in their light.

07:20 It's important to study this phenomenon and not to fear it.

07:24 The inversion of the magnetic poles on the sun is actually a great opportunity for scientists to better understand how our star works.

07:32 Since many pieces are still missing in the whole dynamo situation,

07:36 we're still not very good at predicting why some solar cycles are more intense than others,

07:40 or when exactly a coronal mass ejection will erupt.

07:44 But being able to predict that is becoming more and more necessary as we venture ourselves into space.

07:50 The more people are out there beyond Earth, the more exposed they are to these strong solar storms.

07:57 That's why the scientific community wants to know more precisely when a solar storm can cause damage to spacecraft and space stations.

08:04 Plus, it would help meteorologists make progress in predicting weather, not only on Earth, but also in space.

08:10 The whole point is to make space travel safer as the interest in crewed missions to the moon and Mars grows every year.

08:17 Another reason why it's important to learn more about the sun's pole inversion is to better understand how the mysterious interior of the sun works.

08:26 That could actually help us figure out the aspects of other stars in the universe,

08:31 and maybe get closer to answering the ultimate question.

08:34 Why are we here?

08:37 That's it for today.

08:43 So hey, if you pacified your curiosity, then give the video a like and share it with your friends.

08:48 Or if you want more, just click on these videos and stay on the Bright Side!

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