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  • 3/22/2025
As the war in Ukraine reshapes Europe, two nations with a shared history of Russian aggression are taking starkly different paths. Georgia, once a vocal supporter of Ukraine, is edging closer to Moscow’s influence.

Meanwhile, Poland is bracing for conflict, ramping up defense spending, expanding its military, and even exploring nuclear options. With global alliances shifting and the U.S. wavering on NATO commitments, the choices made today will define their futures.

Is it safer to walk the tightrope or stand ready for the storm?

Reporter: Aranya Mukherji
Camera: Suresh Kumar Pandey and Tribhuvan Tiwari
Editor: Sudhanshu

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Transcript
00:00Why is Poland rapidly re-militarizing while Georgia edges closer to Russia?
00:05And what do these choices reveal about Europe's shifting alignments?
00:09Welcome to Deep Dive with Outlook.
00:12I'm Aranya Mukherjee and today we will be looking at these political realignments
00:17in Europe and exploring how Georgia and Poland are charting their respective courses.
00:23As the Russian occupation of Ukraine continues to push forward,
00:27Poland and Georgia find themselves at a crossroads.
00:30Both nations share a history of Russian aggression, but today,
00:34their response to the war in Ukraine and to the shifting balance of power
00:39in Europe could not be more different.
00:41Poland, under the leadership of Donald Tusk, is re-arming at an unprecedented scale,
00:47preparing not just for defense but for deterrence.
00:50Georgia, once a vocal supporter of Ukraine, is drifting closer to Moscow's shadow,
00:56its government tightening its grip at home as its foreign policy wavers.
01:01From military build-ups to shifting balances,
01:05the choice these nations make today will shape not only their own futures
01:09but also broader security architecture in Europe.
01:13Even before Russia launched its invasion in 2022,
01:16the Georgian parliament adopted a resolution in favor of Ukraine,
01:20making it among the first countries to extend diplomatic and humanitarian support.
01:25Irakli Arabashvili, the former prime minister, pledged a million GELs for medical aid,
01:32placing Georgia at the forefront of international relief efforts for Ukraine.
01:37But one thing was clear, Georgia would not provide military aid,
01:41nor would it impose sanctions against Russia.
01:44This reluctance to throw its weight into the conflict stems from the country's history.
01:50Georgia knows what it means to be at war with Russia.
01:53The scars of 2008, when Russian troops stormed through South Ossetia, are still raw.
01:59The breakaway region of Abkhazia and South Ossetia remain de facto Russian protectorates,
02:06and Georgia's long-standing policy has been to seek reconciliation, not conflict.
02:13But as war in Ukraine continues, Georgia's balancing act is becoming untenable.
02:19The ruling Georgian Dream Party has shifted further toward Moscow
02:23and has adopted policies reminiscent of Russian authoritarianism.
02:28A new media law targeting foreign-funded organizations
02:32has drawn condemnation from the European Union.
02:36Protesters who challenged the government face police batons and tear gas.
02:41In Brussels, the response has been swift.
02:44The EU has sanctioned Georgian officials calling for
02:46fresh elections under international supervision.
02:50Meanwhile, Georgia has taken a surprising turn at the United Nations,
02:55aligning itself with the United States' softer stance on Russia
02:59in what many believe is an attempt to escape further pressure from the EU.
03:04Poland, however, is preparing for war.
03:07On January 1, 2025, Poland assumed presidency of the European Council of the European Union.
03:14Prime Minister Donald Tusk wasted no time in
03:17signaling the country's direction with defense.
03:19Defense spending is set to rise.
03:21The army will expand to half a million soldiers.
03:25By the year's end, every adult male in Poland will be undergoing mandatory military training.
03:31And in a move that would have been unthinkable a decade ago,
03:34Poland is exploring access to nuclear weapons.
03:37For centuries, Poland has occupied a precarious position within Europe,
03:42a nation repeatedly carved up, occupied and forced to fight for its sovereignty.
03:47This history has not been forgotten.
03:50It shapes Poland's fears and informs the country's policies today.
03:54Poland established its sovereignty from Prussia in 1918 after the end of World War I.
03:59Then in 1939, its borders were erased by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.
04:05For four decades, it lived under Soviet control,
04:08and it wasn't until the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989 that Poland regained full sovereignty.
04:15The ongoing conflict in Ukraine has heightened security concerns across
04:20Eastern Europe that stem from this tumultuous history.
04:23Poland's strategic positioning, sharing borders with Ukraine, Belarus,
04:28the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad, place it at the forefront of NATO's eastern defenses.
04:34The prospect of a diminished U.S. presence in European security
04:39affairs has further propelled Poland to take proactive measures to safeguard its sovereignty.
04:45As Europe braces for an uncertain future,
04:48Georgia walks a tightrope while Poland steels itself for the trials ahead.

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