Retrouver le Titanic était comme chercher une aiguille dans une botte de foin—au fond de l'océan ! 🌊 Pendant des décennies, on savait qu'il avait coulé dans l'Atlantique Nord, mais l'emplacement exact restait un mystère. Le problème ? Le navire s'était brisé en morceaux en coulant, dispersant des débris sur une vaste zone. De plus, l'épave se trouvait à plus de 3 600 mètres de profondeur dans un océan sombre et glacé, ce qui la rendait presque impossible à repérer avec l'ancienne technologie. Ce n'est qu'en 1985 que des scientifiques ont utilisé un équipement sonar spécial et des caméras sous-marines pour finalement la localiser. 🛳️ Il s'avère que le Titanic se cachait dans un profond canyon sous-marin. 🌌 Animation créée par Sympa.
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Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
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Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
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Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
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https://www.eastnews.ru
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FunTranscript
00:00The Titanic, known as unsinkable, did not sink peacefully, which made the location of its wreck even more arduous.
00:07Although the famous Titanic RMS sank in 1912, it was only found in 1985, at the end of a confidential mission.
00:17At the beginning of the 20th century, we knew approximately the location of the Titanic,
00:21but the technological means of the time did not allow to identify it with precision.
00:26While it was sinking, the ship sent several distress signals to Carpathia, a nearby ship.
00:33Come immediately.
00:36We hit an iceberg.
00:38At all stations, CQD counted among the last transmissions sent via the Marconi radio of the ship.
00:45These messages in Morse also made possible the first search missions of the wreck.
00:50The RMS Carpathia rescued the passengers gathered in the rescue canoes.
00:55But the public opinion, fascinated by the drama, eagerly wanted to discover what had happened to the wreck.
01:03The distress call was launched two hours before the Titanic completely disappeared.
01:08A little more than half an hour after the departure of the last channel, the wreck was completely engulfed,
01:13while the stern rose vertically and the ship's central structure was dislocated under pressure.
01:19The wreck crashed violently against the ocean floor, leaving traces still visible today.
01:25Contrary to the image conveyed by the James Cameron film, it did not sink gently under the waves.
01:31This is why researchers continue to discover kitchen utensils and shoes scattered on the seabed.
01:38The families of the most fortunate passengers, such as Astor and Guggenheim,
01:42considered financing an expedition to bring the wreck to the surface.
01:47However, they faced a major obstacle.
01:51The total absence of technology even allowing to precisely identify the location of the ship.
01:57In 1953, the first serious attempt was made to locate the wreck of the Titanic.
02:03A certain Risdon Beasley tried to use a noisy explosive device to locate the ship.
02:09The idea may seem strange, but it was based on scientific principles.
02:14During the detonation of dynamite, the generated waves reached the bottom of the ocean.
02:18Thanks to sonars, researchers hoped to detect the presence of a solid obstacle.
02:23However, this method did not allow Beasley to obtain any results.
02:28It took another 20 years before oceanographer Robert Ballard tried to find the Titanic.
02:35It was a little more successful than Beasley, because in the meantime,
02:38the funding dedicated to underwater technology had increased,
02:42thus considerably improving their efficiency.
02:45His first attempt dates back to 1977.
02:49He then joined the Oceanographic Institute of Woods Hole
02:53as part of a mission to map the seabed.
02:56If the institute had recruited him to test their new technology,
03:00Ballard had a more ambitious goal, to find the wreck of the Titanic.
03:05At the heart of this ship, at the tip of the technology,
03:07was an opening allowing a long drive to be deployed above the ocean floor.
03:13Ballard set up a device equipped with sonars and cameras,
03:17hoping to obtain images from the site.
03:21Convinced that he was about to make a major discovery,
03:24he set sail to carry out tests.
03:26But during a test, an incident compromised the mission.
03:29The drilling pipe broke,
03:31precipitating all their expensive equipment into the sea depths,
03:34like the Titanic.
03:36After this failure, another protagonist appeared.
03:40Jack Grimm, an oil magnate with a fantastic temperament.
03:44Grimm had made a name for himself by launching expeditions
03:46in search of Noah's Ark, the Loch Ness Monster and Bigfoot.
03:51He had also invested in the demonstration of the theory of the hollow earth,
03:56according to which the interior of our planet would be totally empty
04:00and would house underground cities and nations.
04:03In this context, he tried to locate a huge opening at the North Pole
04:08in order to access this hypothetical world.
04:11After the failure of this enterprise,
04:13he turned his attention to another fascinating myth,
04:16the wreck of the Titanic.
04:18If he had financial resources, he was cruelly lacking in skills.
04:22As a billionaire, he made a significant donation to the University of Columbia
04:27and demanded, in return, access to their equipment.
04:31To carry out his project,
04:33he surrounded himself with a team of scientists in charge of exploiting these technologies.
04:37It was then that history took a unique turn.
04:40Jack Grimm, a fervent adept of popular beliefs and unorthodox methods,
04:45embarked a monkey on board his ship,
04:48provoking the astonishment of the researchers.
04:50This primate, nicknamed Titan,
04:52was supposed to designate on a map the exact location of lost objects.
04:57In this case, the Titanic.
04:59The scientific team, scandalized by this initiative,
05:02posed a grim ultimatum.
05:04Either them, or the monkey.
05:06The expedition finally left Florida without Titan.
05:10It was no longer a matter of monkey business.
05:12The crew put the cap on the exact coordinates of the last distress signal of the Titanic.
05:17Once there, they meticulously scrutinized each portion of the ocean floor in vain.
05:24Faced with this failure, a size hypothesis came to light.
05:27The captain of the Titanic had communicated the wrong coordinates.
05:31This idea was not so far-fetched,
05:33knowing that the lifeboats had been found far from the last distress signal.
05:38A plausible error,
05:40perhaps due to an oversight of the change of time fuselage during the crossing.
05:44Under such extreme pressure,
05:46such confusion remained understandable, was it not?
05:49Grimm's first expedition lasted three weeks,
05:52but it was a total failure.
05:54In order to optimize their research,
05:56they set up a rigorous technique called
05:59« Tundre la pelouse ».
06:01A systematic method consisting of squaring an area
06:04extended around the last known coordinates of the Titanic.
06:07Two factors explained this failure.
06:09The significant failure of the equipment,
06:11and the weather conditions, exceptional.
06:15It was then that another researcher of the Titanic
06:17made his return on the front of the scene.
06:19Robert Ballard.
06:20He did not have the millions of Jack Grimm,
06:22but he had a major asset.
06:24This marine geologist closely collaborated with the US Navy
06:28to locate two nuclear submarines
06:30that had disappeared in the 1960s.
06:33Ballard himself claimed to have led a double life.
06:36That of a researcher and that of a naval intelligence officer.
06:40The agreement he obtained was clear.
06:42Once the submarines were found,
06:44he would have carte blanche to search for the wreck of the Titanic.
06:48To locate the Thrasher and the Scorpion,
06:50he relied on a unmanned submarine vehicle called Argo.
06:54This device, comparable to a small sledge,
06:57was connected by a long cable to a surface ship
07:00and controlled from it.
07:01Thanks to its sonars and its cameras
07:03providing real-time images of the ocean floor,
07:07Argo represented a significant technological advance
07:10compared to previous research methods.
07:13After careful consideration,
07:14Ballard had a revelation.
07:16He assumed that the impact of the shipwreck
07:18had necessarily left behind a trail of debris.
07:21A kind of track leading straight to the Titanic.
07:24Until then, most expeditions
07:27had sought to locate the ship directly.
07:29A task comparable to finding a needle in a haystack.
07:33This is where all the genius of his method resided.
07:36It was necessary to reverse the usual logic.
07:38But a size problem persisted.
07:40Time.
07:41He could only start his research
07:43after having found the lost submarines.
07:45And, when he finally succeeded,
07:47he had only 12 days left.
07:50He then joined another researcher
07:52and adopted the strategy of the haystack
07:55in order to meticulously map the seabed.
07:58An essential detail,
08:00neglected by most of the previous researchers,
08:02played in his favor.
08:04On the day of the shipwreck,
08:05a sea current was heading south.
08:07This meant that the field of debris
08:09had to be located south of the last known coordinates of the Titanic.
08:13To optimize the time and resources at his disposal,
08:16Ballard made a quick reconnaissance of the seabed,
08:19spacing his search lines more than 5 km.
08:23He also decided to rely more on the images of his camera
08:26than on the sonar signals.
08:28His team relayed themselves relentlessly
08:29to pilot Argo and examine the videos.
08:32The days passed without other discoveries than a desert ocean.
08:36Until the familiar rocks
08:38took the appearance of debris from a human construction.
08:41Then, suddenly,
08:42they noticed the Titanic boiler.
08:45Ballard was right.
08:47The field of debris would lead them to the ship.
08:50After 73 years of intensive research,
08:53the wreck of the Titanic had finally been found.