Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) mencatat masih ada 7,47 juta orang menganggur di Indonesia per Agustus 2024. Pelaksana Tugas Kepala BPS Amalia A. Widyasanti menyampaikan, jumlah pengangguran pada Agustus 2024 itu setara dengan tingkat pengangguran terbuka atau TPT sebesar 4,91%.
Amalia menuturkan, TPT pada Agustus 2024 lebih rendah dibanding Agustus 2023 yang tercatat sebesar 5,32%. Bahkan, TPT pada Agustus 2024 juga lebih rendah dibanding TPT Agustus 2019 atau sebelum pandemi Covid-19 yang mencapai 5,23%.
Sebagai upaya konsisten dalam menekan tingkat pengangguran di Indonesia Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan (Kemnaker) menargetkan bisa memberi pelatihan kerja kepada 1 juta orang pada tahun 2025. Menurut Menteri Ketenagakerjaan Prof. Yassierli Ph.D, target ini naik lima kali lipat dari jumlah sebelumnya, yang masih berkisar 200 ribuan orang per tahun.
Amalia menuturkan, TPT pada Agustus 2024 lebih rendah dibanding Agustus 2023 yang tercatat sebesar 5,32%. Bahkan, TPT pada Agustus 2024 juga lebih rendah dibanding TPT Agustus 2019 atau sebelum pandemi Covid-19 yang mencapai 5,23%.
Sebagai upaya konsisten dalam menekan tingkat pengangguran di Indonesia Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan (Kemnaker) menargetkan bisa memberi pelatihan kerja kepada 1 juta orang pada tahun 2025. Menurut Menteri Ketenagakerjaan Prof. Yassierli Ph.D, target ini naik lima kali lipat dari jumlah sebelumnya, yang masih berkisar 200 ribuan orang per tahun.
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TVTranscript
00:00Indonesian Economy Now
00:20Hello viewers, how are you today?
00:22Back again with me, Prasetya Wibowo in Market Review,
00:26which will discuss the issues that are the driving force of the economy in Indonesia.
00:29And this time, Market Review is here in a special way,
00:32because we will discuss directly with the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia,
00:37Professor Yasir Rie.
00:38And what is the discussion like?
00:40Let's start the Market Review.
00:51Yes, viewers, to discuss our topic this time,
00:53related to an effective strategy to reduce unemployment,
00:56of course he is here with me in a special way.
00:59He is Professor Yasir Rie, Minister of Labor of the Republic of Indonesia.
01:03Hello, Minister, how are you?
01:04I'm fine, Mr. Prasetya.
01:05Thank you for the opportunity.
01:07You're welcome.
01:08And we will discuss the world of labor in Indonesia.
01:11So, your review is related to the marketing of the world of labor in Indonesia,
01:15with the current problems, what is it like now?
01:19Please, Minister.
01:20Yes, so if I see, we have three main problems,
01:25related to the labor force.
01:27The first is the link match between the supply of job seekers
01:34and the needs of the labor world.
01:37This is what may be in simple terms,
01:40appears to be a level of unemployment.
01:42Then the second, our problem is related to the enforcement of the labor force norms
01:51in the industry and also included in the third norm.
01:54Okay.
01:55Then the third, there are also challenges related to the low productivity of our labor force.
02:05These three are what we think are the big challenges
02:09that we will answer later in the program in the next five years,
02:12Ministry of Labor.
02:14Okay. If we are specifically related to the unemployment rate itself,
02:18Minister Lantas, how do you see the unemployment rate in Indonesia?
02:21We are talking about Indonesia's macroeconomy right now,
02:24is it one of the triggers?
02:26Yes. So, the unemployment rate, Mr. Pras,
02:29right now, the unemployment rate is 4.91.
02:32Okay.
02:33So actually, if we look at the trend,
02:36in the last five years, there has been improvement.
02:38Correct.
02:39The highest in 2020 was around 7.
02:43Then, what does it mean?
02:46So if we look here, there is an improvement.
02:50But of course, looking at the conditions that are becoming more dynamic right now,
02:56the global conditions, of course, we have to press.
03:02One thing I want to say is that
03:05this unemployment is due to several factors.
03:12Okay.
03:13The first is the factor of the industry itself.
03:17So there are some industries that have succeeded in their time,
03:24then now the competitiveness has decreased.
03:27Then there is also a macro condition,
03:31as Mr. Pras mentioned earlier.
03:33So there is a decrease in purchasing power, and so on.
03:36Therefore, specific industries then lose their market.
03:40Then also included in a more global scale,
03:44the economic policy, export-import policy,
03:48which then of course has an impact.
03:50That's the short description.
03:52So, what is the role of stakeholders,
03:55such as the Ministry of Labor,
03:57then synergy, maybe also with other ministries,
04:00what is it like?
04:01Yes. So we start from the challenge earlier.
04:04So if it's link and match,
04:06it means we have a challenge
04:09where we invite the Ministry of Research and Technology
04:15to try to review,
04:18link the curriculum in higher education with the industry.
04:23Then the Central Basic Ministry for SMK vocation.
04:29Then we also want some technical ministries,
04:34such as the Ministry of Agriculture,
04:36and the EU.
04:37They also have institutions or vocation institutions.
04:41Then we want it all in line.
04:45In line, synergistic with what the industry needs now,
04:51and what the industry needs in the future.
04:54So don't forget, we have a task for the future.
04:56In the future, there is a lot of talk about digital technology,
05:01green economy, circular economy.
05:05It is also a challenge for the future industry
05:08that must be anticipated by educational institutions
05:12and vocation institutions in Indonesia now.
05:15Okay. But if we talk about link and match,
05:18if we look at it from the point of view of education,
05:20as well as the world of work,
05:22you said there is still a task that needs to be done.
05:24If we talk about the priority scale,
05:28which part should we pursue?
05:31So that we can catch up with the needs of the world of business
05:35or the industry itself.
05:36So, from the industry, we actually have one task.
05:41That is to do a survey and come up with a conclusion
05:46that the industry's direction is there.
05:49Then in terms of preparing workers,
05:52there are more tasks.
05:54So, from the educational institutions,
05:57then we have a work training institute,
06:01or a competition training institute for vocation.
06:05We also have a task.
06:08How to do training activities,
06:14competition training in our universities,
06:18we can also do it effectively,
06:22which is in line with the needs of the industry,
06:26we can do it.
06:28This efficiency is a challenge.
06:30At the moment, our utilization or capacity is not optimal.
06:36So, in 2024,
06:40I see that we are still in the range of around 200,000-250,000,
06:45which we train,
06:46even though what we train is actually absorbed immediately.
06:49So, we have an issue related to the scale.
06:53So, how to increase this?
06:55We can increase it.
06:57The industry is actually needed.
07:00Not only in Indonesia.
07:02So, if we look at it in a more global context,
07:06the need for low to medium-skilled workers
07:11is abroad, in Japan, in Korea, in the Middle East, it is also big.
07:15Okay. So, how to increase the unemployment rate?
07:19We know that there is also an open unemployment, Mr. Martin.
07:21How do you see it?
07:24There are two sides of unemployment.
07:27There is supply and demand.
07:29The demand is the industry.
07:31The industry, of course, we hope that the competitiveness will be better.
07:35So, the unemployment will not increase with the PHK.
07:39Or the competitiveness will be better,
07:42so that it will develop.
07:43There will be investment and then it will recruit more workers.
07:47Then, in terms of supply,
07:50we also have to make sure about the supply.
07:53So, our issue,
07:55there is a research from the World Economic Forum recently,
07:59there is a gap skill of 63%.
08:04We also did an evaluation in the last 3 months,
08:11since we started doing so many job fairs,
08:15there is a gap.
08:17So, once a job fair, it can be 30,000, 40,000.
08:20But those who register more than that,
08:24but then those who are considered worthy for the next interview process,
08:28it's only 1 in 3.
08:30So, we do have an issue related to the supply.
08:35So, the job fair is there, and it's growing.
08:40In one of the provinces, I can't mention it,
08:45but when we coordinated with the employment services,
08:51the minister updated us,
08:54when we asked him to list the job vacancies in each province,
08:58he said, 10,000.
09:01So, the unemployment is there,
09:07as a dynamic of the industry,
09:09but the industry is growing,
09:11so, we still have a task to improve the quality of the workforce.
09:16What is the strategy of the Ministry of Employment?
09:18We will discuss it in the next segment.
09:20Minister, we will take a short break.
09:22And Mr. Mirsa, make sure you are still with us.
09:32Thank you for joining us in Market Review.
09:35We will continue our discussion with the Minister of Employment,
09:39Prof. Riyal Sirly.
09:41Minister, let's talk about the strategy.
09:43What has been prepared by the Ministry of Employment?
09:47The scale-up of the Indonesian workforce,
09:50and how the gap in skills can be filled?
09:54Yes, the first thing that became our topoxy
09:58is the preparation of the workforce.
10:00So, it's related to competency.
10:03We have repeated it.
10:05Actually, we have thousands of competency training schemes.
10:15We have listed the priorities,
10:17in accordance with the needs of the industry,
10:19and also the aspirations of the President.
10:22Then, we started to make it more efficient,
10:26so that the capacity is higher.
10:29The solution is a combination of online and offline.
10:32The third thing,
10:34if we still use the government's budget,
10:36it won't be enough.
10:38We collaborate with the third party.
10:42For example, there are charities
10:46that want to contribute
10:49to increase the competency of a certain segment of the society.
10:54Let's use our facilities.
10:57We will help.
10:59The advantage of collaborating with Chemnaker
11:04is that we have a certification from the Ministry of Employment.
11:08Then, in terms of the industry,
11:11we are preparing a program
11:15called the National Productivity Improvement Movement.
11:20We also want our industries to improve,
11:26so that the competitiveness also increases.
11:28The result of our diagnosis,
11:32we learn from various lessons learned from other countries,
11:36the key word is productivity.
11:39This is what we will then roll out.
11:42We will focus on medium-sized industries.
11:46In the past, they were successful in the early investment,
11:51they had a market.
11:52But now, they are competing with large industries,
11:56with extraordinary technology.
11:59But somehow, they can survive.
12:02But we still need to intervene.
12:05How can productivity increase?
12:08Intervention in product,
12:10intervention in process, production,
12:13intervention in people,
12:15how to have culture,
12:17and intervention in management,
12:21so that the company is better.
12:23We also know that you are in the digital era, Mr. Minister.
12:26How can we make sure that the ability of Indonesian workers
12:31can also catch up with the existing conditions
12:34and the needs of the industry?
12:35Right now, it's from labor-intensive to capital-intensive.
12:38This is also a technology requirement.
12:40Yes.
12:42All countries actually face the same challenge.
12:46So, if our data is specific,
12:50our labor force,
12:52the proportion of our labor force
12:54that really have competence in IT
12:59is only 5%.
13:01Okay.
13:02Compared to other countries, it's about 20%.
13:06So, we have a gap.
13:07Yes.
13:08We have a gap.
13:09This is indeed a challenge,
13:12but I can say that there are two types of digital competence.
13:17The first one is high skill.
13:21High skill, of course, through educational institutions.
13:24Okay.
13:25That's why we often encourage higher education
13:31to be aware and respond to this.
13:35Maybe with a study program
13:37that focuses on digital,
13:39IT, AI, machine learning, big data, and so on.
13:42Okay.
13:43The second one is low to medium skill.
13:47We can do an intervention through the field.
13:50Okay.
13:51And the interesting thing is,
13:52we can manage these digital trainings online.
13:57This is what's in progress.
14:01So, we do it quite massively.
14:05For example, related to IT management,
14:08or even content creators.
14:13Okay.
14:14It's something interesting.
14:16Then, we can do a massive training in our schools.
14:21Okay.
14:22But to ensure that our workforce can be more competitive,
14:25and how we can balance the skills of our workforce
14:29when it comes to competitiveness,
14:31do you think that 2025 will be more challenging?
14:35Of course.
14:36Of course.
14:37It's getting more and more challenging.
14:39That's why,
14:40I often say that
14:43these skills will continue to develop.
14:46Okay.
14:47What companies have to prepare
14:49doesn't mean that
14:51their employees have the skills they need now,
14:57but it's about building a culture
15:00Okay.
15:01that the employees have a growth mindset
15:05in a growth culture.
15:07Okay.
15:08If the employees have it,
15:11the employees will be more aware.
15:18And not all trainings have to be formal
15:23and institutional.
15:25Okay.
15:26They can do their own training
15:29as long as they are given the opportunity.
15:32That's why we often encourage companies
15:36to make KPI,
15:40individual KPI,
15:43in terms of self-development
15:45like what they do.
15:48So, we hope that
15:50the employees who are already in their workplace
15:54can catch up with the demands of technology.
15:56Okay.
15:57Those who haven't worked yet,
15:58there are two,
15:59the role of educational institutions,
16:01and the role of our training centers.
16:04Okay.
16:05Which one is high-skill,
16:06and which one is medium-skill.
16:07So, that's the picture of the orchestra
16:10that we will try to build.
16:12That's it.
16:13What is the orchestration like?
16:14Then, as we know,
16:15the most important thing is the balance,
16:16Mr. Minister.
16:17What is it like?
16:18We will discuss it in the next segment.
16:19And, Mr. Mirsa,
16:20we will be right back after the break.
16:21Stay tuned.
16:30You must have watched the market review
16:32with Professor Yasiri,
16:33the Minister of Employment of the Republic of Indonesia.
16:36Talking about balancing skills,
16:38the ability of Indonesian employees.
16:40As we know,
16:41the balance of investment
16:43has also started to widen,
16:45not only in Java Island.
16:47Mr. Minister,
16:48what skills are needed?
16:50Then, what actions have been done
16:52by the employees themselves?
16:54This is interesting,
16:55because Indonesia is indeed wide.
16:57Yes.
16:59This year and next year,
17:02we will be helped by World Bank
17:05to revitalize our palaces.
17:08Okay.
17:09So, next year,
17:11God willing,
17:13every province will have a palace
17:17with a fairly sophisticated facility
17:21for training.
17:22That is the first,
17:24the minimum must be there.
17:26So, once the palace is there,
17:28we have to complete it with the instructor.
17:31If the curriculum is ready,
17:33Okay.
17:34Next,
17:35balancing does not mean everything is the same.
17:37Yes.
17:38Once we have a palace
17:40with a capacity,
17:42a facility that is almost equal,
17:46the next step is
17:47every palace must have a theme.
17:50Okay.
17:51Yes, theme.
17:52Of course, it will be different.
17:53For example, our palace theme in Merauke
17:55is currently focused on smart farming,
18:02related to agriculture and so on.
18:05Okay.
18:06It's different from our palace in Semarang,
18:09which is fashion,
18:11which is part of one of the themes.
18:13Yes.
18:14So, balancing, yes,
18:16becomes a concern.
18:18And we are ready to answer that.
18:21And the palaces later,
18:23from the Ministry of Labor in each province,
18:26will answer it later.
18:27Okay.
18:28The effectiveness of the presence of the operational palace is interesting.
18:31If we look at it,
18:32and maybe from the minister himself,
18:34once the projection is forward,
18:35it will be able to solve,
18:36or at least suppress again,
18:38there is a level of our unemployment.
18:40I am quite optimistic.
18:41If the number,
18:42if this unemployment is now 491,
18:45of course we will not be able to press 0.
18:47Okay.
18:48Because every year,
18:49there is always a new labor force.
18:51Yes.
18:52Which needs time to start looking for a job,
18:55and so on.
18:56Yes.
18:57So, it goes down.
18:59Yes.
19:00I am optimistic.
19:01And then,
19:02the capacity, yes.
19:04We also have a target.
19:05Actually,
19:06ideally,
19:08the total that we do,
19:10up,
19:11skilling, reskilling,
19:13skilling,
19:14must reach one million.
19:16One million.
19:17Per year.
19:18Yes.
19:19And that is,
19:20we must collaborate,
19:21not only with the Ministry of Labor,
19:23but also with the departments,
19:24yes,
19:25the Department of Labor,
19:26Provincial,
19:27City,
19:28Regional.
19:29Okay.
19:30SMK, SMK, Polytechnic.
19:31Yes.
19:32Including,
19:33we also have BLK,
19:38owned by the community.
19:41That is what we call BLKK.
19:43Okay.
19:44Yes.
19:45So, this must be a,
19:46what is it,
19:47earlier,
19:48a joint orchestration.
19:49Yes.
19:50Yes.
19:51And we will monitor the direction.
19:53Yes.
19:54Yes.
19:55Don't let the training,
19:57what is it,
19:58irrelevant with the needs of the industry now or in the future.
20:02Okay.
20:03Speaking of creating a work space,
20:05of course,
20:06the government also thinks about how they,
20:08as the Minister said,
20:10when there are those who have been affected,
20:11PHK,
20:12then there is a new labor unit too,
20:14how is it,
20:15so that it doesn't collapse,
20:16Minister?
20:17Yes.
20:18Creating a work space,
20:19actually,
20:20we have agreed,
20:21yes,
20:22in the Red-White Cabinet,
20:23under the direction of Mr. President,
20:24that,
20:25creating a work space,
20:26is not the responsibility of the Ministry of Labor.
20:29That's it,
20:30maybe it's okay,
20:31quotation marks,
20:32like that.
20:33So, the Ministry of Industry,
20:34is responsible,
20:35to ensure that,
20:36our manufacturing industry grows.
20:38Okay.
20:39Then,
20:40the Ministry of Agriculture,
20:41also ensures that,
20:42our agricultural industry grows.
20:44Yes.
20:45The Ministry of Investment,
20:46ensures that investment goes in,
20:48so that it creates a work space.
20:50That's it.
20:51The Ministry of Education,
20:52how then,
20:53what,
20:54related to the energy that is in us,
20:57our source of power can be optimized,
20:59it must become one.
21:01And I am once again optimistic,
21:02actually.
21:03So,
21:04Mr. President already has a program,
21:06related to the food supply,
21:07Correct.
21:08Yes,
21:09then related to hillarization,
21:10yes,
21:11related to smart farming,
21:12yes,
21:13then food security,
21:14and so on.
21:15Yes.
21:16This,
21:17will become,
21:18a,
21:19what,
21:20yes,
21:21a,
21:22initiator,
21:23boosting,
21:24Yes.
21:25for creating a work space,
21:26actually.
21:27Right.
21:28Only,
21:29meantime,
21:30in between,
21:31that becomes a challenge.
21:32Yes,
21:33if the hillarization industry,
21:34later,
21:35yes,
21:36there will be,
21:37new investment,
21:38it takes time,
21:39yes.
21:40Before that,
21:41yes,
21:42we also have to make an effort,
21:43to,
21:44ensure,
21:45that our industry,
21:46at the moment,
21:47is still relevant,
21:48and still has competitiveness.
21:49This is the role,
21:50Okay.
21:51we maintain productivity.
21:53Okay.
21:54From the hearing,
21:55of the working stock itself,
21:56Yes.
21:57Mr. Minister,
21:58in your opinion,
21:59will this also become,
22:00one of the game changers,
22:01for us to be able to find,
22:02the world,
22:03from the supply and demand,
22:04it means there.
22:05Yes,
22:06for sure.
22:07And that,
22:08indeed,
22:09becomes our focus,
22:10Mr. President.
22:11So,
22:12indeed,
22:13we implement job fair,
22:14once a month,
22:15once,
22:16yes,
22:17once a month,
22:18and that we implement,
22:19moving,
22:20Yes.
22:21in big cities.
22:22That is,
22:23an event,
22:24which is,
22:25only,
22:26what,
22:27yes,
22:28what,
22:29which we do,
22:30intentionally,
22:31in the context,
22:32offline.
22:33But,
22:34we have a platform,
22:35ready to work.
22:36Okay.
22:37Yes,
22:38this is,
22:39in the context,
22:40in other countries,
22:41it is called,
22:42job formation system.
22:43Yes,
22:44so,
22:45every moment,
22:46it is open,
22:47actually.
22:48Okay.
22:49Yes,
22:50so,
22:51this is also what we are improving now.
22:52Yes,
22:53so,
22:54job fair,
22:55yes,
22:56the platform that we have,
22:57it is indeed,
22:58intentionally,
22:59we design,
23:00to meet,
23:01between,
23:02job seekers,
23:03and,
23:04yes,
23:05job openings.
23:06And,
23:07the company,
23:08there is a regulation,
23:09must report,
23:10to the Ministry of Labor,
23:11must have,
23:12job openings.
23:13Okay.
23:14Yes.
23:15This is,
23:16the connecting point.
23:17Yes.
23:18And,
23:19we,
23:20try to make,
23:21this becomes,
23:22a big platform,
23:23there.
23:24Okay, Mr. Minister,
23:25last,
23:26related to,
23:27the world of labor in Indonesia,
23:28especially in this year,
23:292025,
23:30with various strategies,
23:31innovations,
23:32that have been,
23:33presented,
23:34or released.
23:35Yes,
23:36the challenge,
23:37is quite big,
23:38this year.
23:39Yes.
23:40Especially,
23:41to,
23:42answer,
23:43the results,
23:44of the judicial review,
23:45from the Ministry of Labor,
23:46Ciptaker's Law.
23:47Okay.
23:48So, if you look,
23:49Ciptaker's Law,
23:50which,
23:51has been,
23:52revised,
23:53some articles,
23:54have been,
23:55cancelled.
23:56Yes.
23:57That's mostly,
23:58related to,
23:59articles,
24:00related to,
24:01labor.
24:02Yes.
24:03This is,
24:04our challenge,
24:052025,
24:06yes,
24:07to,
24:08then,
24:09together,
24:10with,
24:11entrepreneurs,
24:12together,
24:13with,
24:14colleagues,
24:15to,
24:16we,
24:17together,
24:18with,
24:19meaningful participation,
24:20to,
24:21come up with,
24:22a new,
24:23labor law.
24:24This is the first challenge,
24:25regulation.
24:26The second,
24:27our challenge,
24:28is,
24:29the more,
24:30workers,
24:31from the informal sector.
24:32Yes.
24:33Informal,
24:34including,
24:35there are also,
24:36gig workers,
24:37yes.
24:38So, also,
24:39actually,
24:40because this is,
24:41a new trend,
24:42yes,
24:43our regulation,
24:44actually,
24:45has not yet,
24:46reached that.
24:47Okay.
24:48Yes.
24:49This is the challenge,
24:502025,
24:51which is already,
24:52in front of our eyes,
24:53Mr. Pres,
24:54please pray,
24:55that we can,
24:56wait.
24:57Okay,
24:58we are waiting,
24:59Mr. Minister,
25:00for new innovations,
25:01that will be,
25:02introduced by,
25:03Ministry of Labor,
25:04in Indonesia.
25:05Okay,
25:06Professor,
25:07we will be back,
25:08with another interesting theme,
25:09in the next episode.