Scientists are warning that a massive volcanic eruption could happen way sooner than we think. Some of the world’s most powerful volcanoes are showing signs of waking up, and experts are keeping a very close eye on them. Small earthquakes, rising magma, and gas emissions are all pointing to something big brewing underground. If one of these giants erupts, it could affect everything—flights, weather, and even global temperatures. The good news? Scientists are working hard to predict when and where it might happen. The bad news? Nature doesn’t always play by the rules. 🌋🔥 Credit:
University of Geneva 2015: By Dmitry A. Mottl, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ , https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:University_of_Geneva_2015.jpg
CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ :
Hail-formation-triggers-rapid-ash-aggregation-in-volcanic-plumes-ncomms8860-s2: by Van Eaton A, Mastin L, Herzog M, Schwaiger H, Schneider D, Wallace K, Clarke A, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hail-formation-triggers-rapid-ash-aggregation-in-volcanic-plumes-ncomms8860-s2.ogv
Kolumbo-submarine-volcano-(Greece)-An-active-window-into-the-Aegean-subduction-system-srep28013-s2: by Rizzo A, Caracausi A, Chavagnac V, Nomikou P, Polymenakou P, Mandalakis M, Kotoulas G, Magoulas A, Castillo A, Lampridou D, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kolumbo-submarine-volcano-(Greece)-An-active-window-into-the-Aegean-subduction-system-srep28013-s2.ogv
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This video is made for entertainment purposes. We do not make any warranties about the completeness, safety and reliability. Any action you take upon the information in this video is strictly at your own risk, and we will not be liable for any damages or losses. It is the viewer's responsibility to use judgement, care and precaution if you plan to replicate.
University of Geneva 2015: By Dmitry A. Mottl, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ , https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:University_of_Geneva_2015.jpg
CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ :
Hail-formation-triggers-rapid-ash-aggregation-in-volcanic-plumes-ncomms8860-s2: by Van Eaton A, Mastin L, Herzog M, Schwaiger H, Schneider D, Wallace K, Clarke A, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hail-formation-triggers-rapid-ash-aggregation-in-volcanic-plumes-ncomms8860-s2.ogv
Kolumbo-submarine-volcano-(Greece)-An-active-window-into-the-Aegean-subduction-system-srep28013-s2: by Rizzo A, Caracausi A, Chavagnac V, Nomikou P, Polymenakou P, Mandalakis M, Kotoulas G, Magoulas A, Castillo A, Lampridou D, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kolumbo-submarine-volcano-(Greece)-An-active-window-into-the-Aegean-subduction-system-srep28013-s2.ogv
Animation is created by Bright Side.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Music from TheSoul Sound: https://thesoul-sound.com/
Check our Bright Side podcast on Spotify and leave a positive review! https://open.spotify.com/show/0hUkPxD34jRLrMrJux4VxV
Subscribe to Bright Side: https://goo.gl/rQTJZz
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For more videos and articles visit:
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This video is made for entertainment purposes. We do not make any warranties about the completeness, safety and reliability. Any action you take upon the information in this video is strictly at your own risk, and we will not be liable for any damages or losses. It is the viewer's responsibility to use judgement, care and precaution if you plan to replicate.
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FunTranscript
00:00Frankenstein, unreasonably cold weather, and tons of lava.
00:04What do these things have in common?
00:06They all trace their origins back to Mount Tambora.
00:10This volcano in Indonesia had such a massive impact that the aftermath could be felt in
00:15Switzerland even a year later, and these spots are thousands of miles apart.
00:20Soon, we might be facing something similar again.
00:24Stick around, because I'm about to reveal the exact spot where the next eruption is
00:29expected to happen in 2025.
00:34Back in 1815, Mount Tambora erupted with unprecedented force, sending a colossal cloud of fine particles
00:41into the atmosphere.
00:43This cloud reflected sunlight, leading to global cooling, and even the year without
00:48a summer in 1816.
00:52Temperatures plummeted, crops failed, and families worldwide faced food shortages, compounded
00:57by various health issues.
00:59Fun fact, Frankenstein appeared because of abnormally cold weather in the summer of 1816.
01:06The author got stuck indoors in Switzerland and wrote this story to pass the time.
01:12But that is the only positive aftermath.
01:14In England and Ireland, people struggled to find food.
01:18The crops were too bad that year, and this year without summer cost them lives, all because
01:23of the eruption in Indonesia.
01:27While many other volcanoes have erupted since then, none have had consequences as dramatic
01:32as Tambora.
01:34However, climate professor Marcus Stoffel from the University of Geneva believes potential
01:40serious eruptions aren't just a matter of luck, it's only a matter of time.
01:45So it's up to us.
01:47We can sit back and wait for the inevitable, or we can start preparing today.
01:52This future eruption will happen in a world that's vastly different from the one in 1815.
01:58Not only is our planet more densely populated now, but we've also experienced irreversible
02:04changes that affect our daily lives.
02:07Now, if you think volcanoes are always the bad guys, think again.
02:12They've actually played a crucial role in shaping our planet.
02:16They help with land formation, atmospheric development, and climate modulation.
02:21Just look at Yellowstone, for example.
02:24When thick lava oozed to the surface, it spread across the landscape and transformed the area
02:29forever.
02:31When volcanoes blow their tops, they release a mix of lava, ash, and gases, including carbon
02:36dioxide.
02:37But don't worry, compared to the emissions from fossil fuels, the amount from volcanoes
02:43is pretty tiny.
02:45What scientists are really keeping an eye on is sulfur dioxide, because it can have
02:49a big impact on our climate.
02:53When a major volcanic eruption happens, it can send sulfur dioxide soaring into the stratosphere,
03:00which is about 7 miles up in the atmosphere.
03:03Once there, it transforms into tiny aerosol particles that scatter sunlight, helping to
03:09cool the planet.
03:11This cooling effect isn't immediate, though.
03:14Those particles can hang around for a couple of years and even circulate all around the
03:18globe.
03:19Nowadays, we've got special equipment to monitor sulfur dioxide emissions from space.
03:26Take Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines.
03:29During its eruption in 1991, it released around 15 million tons of sulfur dioxide.
03:35Now, while that's a lot, it wasn't quite as massive as the eruption of Tambora.
03:41Still, Pinatubo managed to lower global temperatures by about 0.5 degrees Celsius for several years.
03:48Tambora, on the other hand, dropped average global temperatures by about 1 degree Fahrenheit.
03:54I know what you might be thinking, that's not much, but trust me, it makes a difference.
03:59If the planet warms up by just 1 degrees Fahrenheit, it could really mess with sea levels.
04:05Experts think we might see a rise of up to 8 inches by the end of this century.
04:09This could wipe out a lot of farmland and coastal habitats, which would be a huge blow
04:14to many communities.
04:17So maybe a volcano eruption that can cool off the planet is like a natural mechanism
04:21helping us out?
04:23Not exactly.
04:25While it does cool the planet off, don't get tricked into thinking it's the kind of coolness
04:29our planet needs.
04:31Such temperature shifts can severely mess up with the crops, like they did in 1816.
04:36There's also evidence that major eruptions can disrupt rainfall patterns, leading to
04:41drier conditions in monsoon regions across Africa and Asia.
04:46You see, the summer monsoon relies on the temperature difference between land and ocean,
04:51which can be altered by volcanic activity.
04:54Interestingly, a warmer climate may enhance the cooling effects of volcanic eruptions.
05:01Experts explain that the formation and movement of aerosol particles depend on climate conditions.
05:08As global temperatures rise, faster air circulation can lead to smaller aerosol particles, which
05:13are more effective at scattering sunlight and thereby intensifying the cooling effect.
05:20Oceans also contribute to this dynamic.
05:23A warming ocean surface creates a stratified layer, hindering the mixing of warm and cold
05:28water, which could mean that volcanic eruptions primarily cool the upper ocean layer and the
05:34atmosphere above it, according to Stoffel.
05:37Moreover, climate change may influence volcanic systems directly.
05:42The melting of ice can trigger more eruptions by reducing the pressure that allows magma
05:47to ascend more easily.
05:49Additionally, increased rainfall associated with climate change can seep into the ground
05:54and interact with magma, potentially sparking eruptions.
05:59While the prospect of a cooling period due to a volcanic eruption might seem beneficial
06:04amid climate change, scientists warn that the effects could be dire.
06:10The immediate consequences could be severe, particularly for the estimated 800 million
06:16individuals residing near active volcanoes.
06:20A major eruption could devastate entire cities.
06:24For example, Campi Flegrei, located near Naples, Italy, is showing signs of increased activity
06:30and threatens the lives of about one million people.
06:34Now if you're from Oregon, beware, as experts say this state might experience volcano eruptions
06:41Are you scared?
06:43Don't be.
06:44It's actually not as scary as it seems.
06:46Let me explain why.
06:47There are more than 80 volcanoes in Oregon, but we're not interested in a single one of
06:52them because it's an underwater volcano that is likely to erupt in 2025.
06:58Axial Seamount is the most active volcano in the Pacific Northwest, yet it remains largely
07:04unknown to the public due to its location approximately 300 miles offshore and nearly
07:10a mile beneath the ocean's surface.
07:14While its upcoming eruption is expected to pose no threat of a tsunami or significant
07:19land-based earthquakes because of its depth and distance from the Cascadia Fault, the
07:24data gathered from studying its eruptions can enhance our monitoring of potentially
07:29more hazardous volcanoes.
07:31Let's call it a friendly eruption, shall we?
07:35In reality, predicting eruptions is a complex endeavor.
07:39We often encounter alarming headlines such as, Yellowstone is about to erupt.
07:44Should we take these claims seriously?
07:48Not really.
07:49Yes, Yellowstone sits atop an active supervolcano that has experienced three major explosive
07:54eruptions in the past 2.1 million years.
07:58The last eruption occurred approximately 70,000 years ago, with the most significant
08:03explosion taking place around 631,000 years ago, forming the massive Yellowstone caldera.
08:11Naturally, many people are curious about whether Yellowstone will erupt again and when that
08:16might happen.
08:18Fortunately, scientists are employing new techniques to delve into these questions.
08:23A recent study suggests that Yellowstone is unlikely to experience another major eruption
08:28anytime soon.
08:30The reason is that the magma beneath the park is divided into a network of separate chambers.
08:36While there is a substantial amount of magma present, it's not sufficiently interconnected
08:41to support an eruption.
08:44Previous studies proposed that the existence of a massive layer of magma beneath Yellowstone,
08:48but these latest findings changed that notion.
08:52To gain a clearer understanding of the subterranean dynamics, researchers utilized a technique
08:57called magnetotellurics, which employs Earth's natural electromagnetic fields rather than
09:03seismic waves.
09:05Since magma is a good conductor of electricity, this method is particularly effective for
09:10mapping molten rock and comprehending underground activity in volcanically active regions.
09:17By using magnetotellurics, scientists created a detailed map of the magma under Yellowstone,
09:23enabling them to make more informed predictions about future eruptions.
09:29But what will happen if an eruption similar to Mount Tambora occurs?
09:33By and large, there will be huge climate chaos.
09:36Yeah, the best scientists are looking for the solution should it really happen, but
09:40they don't have it yet, so technically, we're not ready for the second Mount Tambora.
09:46But for now, we're pretty much safe.
09:48No major eruptions are predicted.
09:50Phew!
09:51That's it for today!
09:53So hey, if you pacified your curiosity, then give the video a like and share it with your
09:57friends!
09:58Or if you want more, just click on these videos and stay on the Bright Side!